Food & Beverage Information Project 2011 Sector Stream – Beverages Final Report October 2011; v1.8

www.foodandbeverage.govt.nz

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The coriolis force, named for French physicist Gaspard Coriolis (1792‐ 1843), may be seen on a large scale in the movement of winds and ocean currents on the rotating earth. It dominates weather patterns, producing the counterclockwise flow observed around low‐pressure zones in the Northern Hemisphere and the clockwise flow around such zones in the Southern Hemisphere. To us it means understanding the big picture before you get into the details.

PO Box 90‐509, Victoria Street West, Auckland 1142, New Zealand Tel: +64 9 623 1848 www.coriolisresearch.com The objective of this report is to provide a factual source of high quality information on the current situation in the New Zealand beverage sector for four audiences:

‐ Investors (domestic or international) ‐ Industry participants (firms & individuals) ‐ Government (across all roles and responsibilities) ‐ Scientific researchers (academic, government & firm)

It creates a common set of facts and figures on the current situation in the industry.

It draws conclusions on potential industry strategic directions and highlights opportunities for further investment.

It forms a part of the wider Food & Beverage Information Project and will be updated annually.

PAGE 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

Contents 4

Glossary of terms 5

Methodology & data sources 6

F&B IP Overview 7

Summary & conclusions 9

Sector overview 17

Wine 43

Appendices 62 GLOSSARY OF TERMS This report uses the following acronyms and abbreviations

A$/AUD Australian dollar N.H Northern Hemisphere ABS Absolute change NZ New Zealand ANZSIC AU/NZ Standard Industry Classification NZ$/NZD New Zealand dollar AU Australia R&D Research and Development Australasia Australia and New Zealand S Asia South Asia (Indian Subcontinent) b Billion SE Asia South East Asia CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate S.H Southern Hemisphere C/S America Central & South America (Latin America) SS Africa Sub‐Saharan Africa CRI Crown Research Institute T/O Turnover CY Calendar year (ending Dec 21) US/USA United States of America E Asia East Asia US$/USD United States dollar EBITDA Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and UK United Kingdom amortization FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN YE Year ending FY Financial year (of firm in question) YTD Year to date £/GBP British pounds Sources JV Joint venture AR Annual report m Million Ce Coriolis estimate n/a Not available/not applicable Ci Coriolis interview NA/ME/CA North Africa / Middle East / Central Asia K Kompass Nec/nes Not elsewhere classified/not elsewhere specified Ke Kompass estimate

PAGE 5 METHODOLOGY & DATA SOURCES Data was from a variety of sources, and has a number of identified limitations

- This report uses a range of information sources, both qualitative - Coriolis makes no representation, warranty or guarantee, and quantitative. whether express or implied, as to the quality, accuracy, reliability, currency or completeness of the information provided in the report. - The numbers in this report come from multiple sources. While we believe the data are directionally correct, we recognise the limitations in what information is available. - All trade data analysed in all sections of the F&B Information - In many cases different data sources disagree (e.g. project are calculated and displayed in US$. This is done for a Statistics New Zealand vs. FAO vs. UN Comtrade). range of reasons: - Many data sources incorporate estimates of industry 1. It is the currency most used in international trade experts. 2. It allows for cross country comparisons (e.g. vs. Denmark) - As one example, in many cases, the value and/or volume 3. It removes the impact of NZD exchange rate variability recorded as exported by one country does not match the 4. It is more comprehensible to non‐NZ audiences (e.g. foreign amount recorded as being received as imports by the investors) counterparty [for understood reasons]. 5. It is the currency in which the United Nations collects and tabulates global trade data - In addition, in some places, we have made our own clearly noted estimates. - The opinions expressed in this report represent those of the industry participants interviewed and the authors. These do not - Coriolis has not been asked to independently verify or audit the necessarily represent those of Coriolis Limited or the New information or material provided to it by or on behalf of the Zealand Government. Client or any of the data sources used in the project. - The information contained in the report and any - If you have any questions about the methodology, sources or commentary has been compiled from information and accuracy of any part of this report, please contact Tim Morris, the material supplied by third party sources and publicly report’s lead author at Coriolis, on +64 9 623 1848 available information which may (in part) be inaccurate or incomplete.

PAGE 6 F&B INFORMATION PROJECT The New Zealand Food & Beverage Information Project is designed to be the foundation of facts and figures on which a range of audiences can build

Structure of the New Zealand Food & Beverage Information Project (2011)

Investors Firms Government

Overview Investor’s Guide Industry Snapshot

Sectors Dairy Meat Seafood Produce Processed Beverages Nutraceuticals Sector Sector Sector Sector Foods Sector Sector Sector

Markets Global Markets High Potential Market Profiles

PAGE 7 Note: Every year two subsectors are completed in more detail. This year it is Seafood and Nutraceuticals BEVERAGES SECTOR ANALYSIS This analysis of the New Zealand beverages sector forms a part of the wider Food & Beverage Information Project

Structure of the New Zealand Food & Beverage Information Project (2011)

Investors Firms Government

Overview Investor’s Guide Industry Snapshot

Sectors Dairy Meat Seafood Produce Processed Beverages Nutraceuticals Sector Sector Sector Sector Foods Sector Sector Sector

Markets Global Markets High Potential Market Profiles

PAGE 8 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

Contents 4

Glossary of terms 5

Methodology & data sources 6

F&B IP Overview 7

Summary & conclusions 9

Sector overview 17

Wine 43

Appendices 62 BEVERAGES –WINE – SITUATION The wine industry has shown rapid growth driven by Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc; further diversification into new varieties and new regions should occur going forward

New Zealand wine (exports US$774m) top three wineries foreign owned; New World wines are an important part of a global portfolio. - Wine production is a fast growing industry for New Zealand with a number of large players - Many wineries are now foreign owned (Montana, Nobilo); Competitors ongoing acquisitions are occurring - New Zealand wine competes directly with other premium - Large group of small‐to‐medium sized New Zealand owned temperate climate countries wineries who are capital constrained - France, Germany, USA, South Africa, Chile - The New Zealand wine industry has achieved spectacular growth over the last 40 years - From NZ£51 in exports in 1960 to NZ$1b in 2009 Consumers/Markets - Achieved premium price position in–market on par with - Global Financial Crisis (GFC) depressed global demand, pushing France (which has been producing wine for ~2,000 years) down prices; this in turn triggered a decrease in global production - Competes successfully with major old world wine - These falling prices have impacted New Zealand wines producers (e.g. France, Germany) - Wine consumption is declining in many EU markets (France, Italy, - Success to date almost exclusively Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc Spain) due to economic conditions; however, New Zealand’s key markets (AU, UK, USA) have been stable to increasing - A “must‐have” wine for major wine players - Wine sales success to date in wine has been primarily in Anglo‐ - Good Marlborough wine area is now almost all used Saxon 4 (USA, Canada, UK & AU); - Emergent secondary regions are 20 years behind Marlborough in - China is an emerging growth market; now New Zealand’s #5 terms of development export destination - Hawkes Bay, Waipara and Central Otago stand out as the - Available market data suggests that the growth of New Zealand next best prospects wine is at the expense of French wines (i.e. that the two are close substitutes to consumers) - Other than Gimblett Gravels Syrah, most still to find “their” wine - Foreign ownership plays a big part in the wine industry, with the

PAGE 10 GFC = Global Financial Crisis; Source: Interviews; Coriolis BEVERAGES –OTHER BEVERAGES – SITUATION Outside wine, the New Zealand beverage sector is primarily focused on production for domestic consumption; however, exports are growing

Beer (exports US$26m) Coca‐Cola - Beer brewing is a low growth duopoly controlled by two - Frucor, former Apple & Pear Marketing Board Juice international companies brewing for domestic consumption Business, now a division of Suntory (Japan); maker of V energy drink and Pepsi licensee in New Zealand - Lion, founded in New Zealand, owned by Kirin (Japan) - Smaller innovators emerging outside soft‐drinks/water (e.g. - Dominion Breweries, founded in New Zealand, now owned Charlie’s/Phoenix recently acquired by Asahi) by Asia‐Pacific Breweries (Heineken/F&N) Juice (exports US$38m) - There are a wide range of smaller/micro breweries New Zealand exports apple and kiwifruit juice, primarily as a 1 - - New Zealand is a minor beer exporter , and imports +50% more secondary product of the fresh fruit industry; New Zealand 2 beer than it exports , driven in part by the foreign ownership of imports +20% more juice than it exports2 its two key breweries; however beer export surged in the last year (driven by smaller microbreweries) Water (exports US$8m) Spirits (exports US$58m) - New Zealand has excellent theoretical potential to produce and export premium bottled water; however to date it has realised - Independent Liquor, recently purchased by Asahi, is the largest very little of this potential despite 30 years of trying player in spirits; Independent initially developed its business around flavoured RTD3 drinks, however it is diversifying into other alcoholic beverages - There are a range of smaller firms in spirits achieving strong growth and the sector is well positioned for further growth Soft‐drinks (exports US$67m) - Non‐alcoholic beverages are a duopoly controlled by two international companies that primarily manufacturing for domestic consumption - Coca‐Cola Amatil, Australian‐listed Asia‐Pacific licensee of

PAGE 11 1. Mexico, for example, exports 87x as much beer as New Zealand; NZ currently exports about as much beer as the Dominican Republic; 2. in value terms; 3. RTD = ready‐to‐drink BEVERAGES – QUANTITATIVE SCORECARD Most of the beverages produced in New Zealand are consumed in New Zealand; the wine industry is the key export success story to date

Key metrics # CAGR CAGR ABS Key markets % US$m CAGR CAGR ABS (2010) (00‐10) (09‐10) (09‐10) (2010) (2010) (00‐10) (09‐10) (09‐10)

Turnover (NZ$) $4,240m 5% 7% $271m East Asia 5% $51 12% 20% $9m SE Asia 3% $25 20% 36% $6m Exports (US$) $971m 18% 23% $182m Europe 28% $274 18% 23% $51m North America 25% $241 22% 29% $54m Enterprises1 519 6% 10% 49 Australia/PI 38% $370 18% 19% $59m Other 1% $10 15% 52% $4m Employment 8,900 3% ‐4% ‐410

Total 100% $971 18% 23% $182m Turnover per $476,404 ‐‐‐ employee

Key products US$m CAGR CAGR ABS Key firms Employ Turnover Key competing export value (2010) (00‐10) (09‐10) (09‐10) (#; 10) (NZ$m; 10) countries Key regions

Wine $774 24% 21% $137 Lion 1,400 $605m France ‐ Loire Valley (Sancerre, Spirits $58 9% 46% $18 Pernod Ricard 750 $337m Pouilly Furme) Beer $26 12% 64% $10 Delegats Group 50 $220m ‐ Bordeaux Regions (Entre‐ Soft drinks $67 7% 23% $13 Constellation Brands 270 $215m Deux‐Mers, Pessac‐ Juice $38 7% 5% $2 Villa Maria 250 $141m Leognan) Water $8 18% 51% $3 DB Breweries 500 $461m Germany ‐ Alsace, Mosel Independent Liquor 300 $414m USA ‐ Washington State, Oregon Total $971 18% 23% $182 Coca Cola Amatil 1,100 $493m Chile ‐ Valparaiso, Casablanca Frucor 900 $380m Valley

PAGE 12 1. Manufacturing only; Source: various company annual reports; various company websites; Kompass; Coriolis analysis BEVERAGES –WINE – SWOT ANALYSIS The New Zealand wine industry is well positioned for further growth, but pressures will continue

Strengths Weaknesses

‐ Islands in the middle of the South Pacific the size of Italy but with only the population ‐ Large number of small wineries with low/no economies of scale of Singapore; therefore relatively unspoilt ‐ High debt levels of many small and medium sized wineries ‐ Strong and growing success in premium/super‐premium ‐ Highly dependant on four countries (AU, UK, USA and Canada) ‐ Achieves a strong price premium in key markets (similar to France) ‐ Increasing exports of bulk wine ‐ New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc now a “must have” for global wine companies ‐ Lack strong super‐premium heritage brands as demanded by brand and status ‐ Growth in market share in key markets (e.g. USA) conscious Asian consumers ‐ Innovative and quality‐focused winemakers

Opportunities Issues/Threats/Risk

‐ Continued income growth in Asian markets ‐ Growing consolidation of the wine industry ‐ Continued growth of New Zealand wine consumption in China ‐ Difficult finding good distributors to gain access into key markets ‐ Low share in Europe (two thirds of global wine consumption) outside British Isles ‐ Continued growth of bulk wine trade reducing the value of wine ‐ Joint in‐market activity spreading cost of marketing ‐ Continued impact of GFC, reducing wine spend ‐ Automated vineyard pruning technology reducing requirements for labour ‐ Oversupply of wine globally increasing pressure on price ‐ Strong and growing demand in Asia for premium fortified wines/wine based spirits ‐ Continued growth of retail brands/store brands in wine (e.g. cognac)

PAGE 13 Source: Interviews; Coriolis BEVERAGES –NON‐WINE – SWOT ANALYSIS New Zealand is currently less well positioned outside wine; however the country is well positioned for further growth

Strengths Weaknesses

‐ Islands in the middle of the South Pacific the size of Italy but with only the population ‐ No deep cultural unique “spirits” associated with New Zealand of Singapore; therefore relatively unspoilt ‐ Long shipping distance to traditional western markets ‐ Closer shipping distances to Asia compared to European competitors ‐ No large New Zealand owned champion growing and driving New Zealand brand ‐ Demonstrated capabilities in beverage production position in beverages ‐ On‐going growth and success of Frucor/V, and Charlies/Phoenix in non‐alcoholic ‐ Limited culture or mentality of super‐premium branding or positioning (e.g. relative drinks category to France) ‐ Emergent success in spirits (e.g VoC and 42Below) ‐ Low levels of skills outside wine relative to peer group ‐ Not a producer of many base ingredients of typical beverages

Opportunities Issues/Threats/Risk

‐ Leverage success of New Zealand wine industry; build on awareness of New Zealand ‐ Limited opportunity shipping “water” around the world if it isn’t a premium product in wider premium beverages segments ‐ Changing consumer sentiment (e.g. bottled water backlash) ‐ Wide range of New Zealand unique plants available as flavouring (e.g. 42 Below ‐ Failure to achieve large scale export traction outside wine Manuka honey) ‐ Hollowing out of management skills in New Zealand industry due to foreign ‐ Rapidly growing demand for premium alcoholic beverages in Asia ownership

PAGE 14 Source: Interviews; Coriolis BEVERAGES –POTENTIAL STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS Five potential high potential strategic directions are identified for the beverages industry

Situation creating opportunity Resulting potential strategic Opportunity Challenges direction ‐ New Zealand has built a strong position 1. Continuous improvement of ‐ Build on existing position ‐ Competitors improving as well in Sauvignon blanc Sauvignon Blanc from ‐ Create upward price pressure through ‐ Spreading best practice across large ‐ Competitors improving and pushing into Marlborough improvement in relative quality number of industry participants variety (e.g. South Africa) often at lower ‐ “Vineyard‐to‐glass” approach price point ‐ NZ still a very young wine producer 2. Nurture emerging regions to ‐ Marlborough accounted for 70% of NZ ‐ Corporate group‐think and prevailing finding its way Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc wine production wisdom ‐ Industry emerged from vision of handful status ‐ New Zealand over dependant on one ‐ Capital of people, primarily EU/AU immigrants variety/one region relative to peers ‐ Biosecurity limiting introduction of ‐ Peers have much wider range of regions ‐ Discovering new varieties that suit new genetics and wines New Zealand conditions ‐ Barriers to immigration ‐ Expand immigration allowance of skilled wine industry participants ‐ The four large Anglo‐Saxon countries 3. Diversifying away from ‐ Significant untapped potential for ‐ Language and cultural barriers account for 20% of global wine traditional Anglo Saxon growth in Northern Europe, specifically ‐ In‐market legal structures (e.g. consumption but 86% of New Zealand’s markets into wine drinking Denmark, Netherlands and Sweden Sweden’s Systembolaget1) wine export value Northern Europe ‐ Requires many years of hard work ‐ Northern Europe accounts for 32% of ‐ Need to achieve minimum critical mass global wine imports but only 4% of NZ “tipping point”1 wine exports ‐ Asian consumers, particularly Chinese, 4. Move into fortified wines ‐ Fortified wine gets high prices ‐ Lack of experience or skills favour smaller amounts of strong spirits ‐ Fortified wine can support unique ‐ No heritage in space (need to do “new ‐ Asian consumer are clearly signalling positioning (e.g. Cognac, Armagnac, world” approach) with their wallets that they want Pisco, Jerez) fortified wine not table wine ‐ Many countries have a strong identity 5. Nurture development of a ‐ Find New Zealand “spirit” (e.g. ‐ Lack of heritage or history with a specific alcoholic spirit spirit industry Mexico=Tequila) ‐ Peer group countries suggest spirits a ‐ Build on existing premium position in strong area for growth going forward wine

PAGE 15 1. For example a retail bay with the word “New Zealand” on the sign overhead BEVERAGES –POTENTIAL AREAS FOR INVESTMENT Alcoholic beverages is a major opportunity for investors; wine has shown rapid growth; opportunities exist in second tier wine regions and developing a premium spirits category

Wine - Peer group countries suggest strong future growth possible - New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc a “must‐have” component of - Limited entry vehicles; greenfields by global player with portfolio for major global wine companies skill sets recommended - Three of the top five US wine companies in NZ - Three of the largest EU alcoholic beverage companies in NZ Beer - Three of the top five Australian wine companies in NZ - No revealed demand for New Zealand beer in world markets - Lion owned by Kirin - Some opportunity in Marlborough - DB owned by Asia Pacific Breweries - Due to lower price of wine (due to GFC) - Independent Liquor owned by Asahi - Future area growth of Marlborough limited due to - Microbreweries small and growing but primarily domestic geological constraints focussed

- Large firms either foreign owned by majors or committed NZ Soft drinks family owners - In Soft drinks, Frucor/V and Charlie’s/Phoenix are attractive but - Delegats and Villa Maria both committed owners both recently changed hands for top dollars; both now Japanese owned - Opportunities for investment in next tier down layer of firms (e.g. Giesen, Lawsons Dry Hills, Chard Farm, Allan Scott, Coopers Water Creek, Kumeu River etc.) - Limited opportunities in export bottled water - Best fit would be for investor with transferrable capability - Investors looking to unlock value in other regions; investigate emergent secondary regions (i.e. the next “Marlborough”)

Premium alcoholic spirits - Clear potential in premium alcoholic beverages - Building on New Zealand positioning in premium wine

PAGE 16 GFC –Global Financial Crisis; Source: Interviews; Coriolis TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

Contents 4

Glossary of terms 5

Methodology & data sources 6

F&B IP Overview 7

Summary & conclusions 9

Sector overview 17

Wine 43

Appendices 62 BEVERAGES – SUPPLY CHAIN Beverages have a relatively simple supply chain

Simplified model of New Zealand beverage supply chain (model; ANZSIC codes as available))

Domestic Imported Grocery Supermarkets market beverages wholesale & other retail (F360‐100)

Apple/pear Soft drink Distributor Liquor growing manufacturing wholesaler specialists (A013‐400) (C121‐100)

Other fruit Liquor/tobacco1 Hospitality/ growing wholesale Foodservice (rem. A013) (F360‐600)

Other Beer ingredients/ manufacturing imports (C121‐200)

Spirit Seafreight Beverage/liquor Supermarkets manufacturing Airfreight wholesale2 & other retail (C121‐300) (in‐market)

Grape Wine making Hospitality/ growing (C121‐400) Foodservice (A013‐100) International markets

PAGE 18 1. Tobacco inseparable at source; 2. There may be one or more layers of wholesaling, depending on product or market; some wholesale functions may be captive inside retailers or foodservice operators; Source: Coriolis BEVERAGES –# OF ENTERPRISES The number of enterprises involved in beverage manufacturing in New Zealand is growing strongly, driven by wine

Number of enterprise units in beverage manufacturing in New Zealand1 Comments (enterprises; 2000‐2010) ‐ Question: What does the experience of other CAGR countries tell us about the long term industry (00‐10) (09‐10) structure for wine? If we double production again, will we have ~700 wine manufacturers? 519 6% 10%

470

436 441 406

369 354 331 358 Wine 8% 12% 308 297 319 287 281 290 258 210 225 201 180 165 180

Notes/Definitions 27 Spirits 8% 4% 20 21 25 27 27 26 ‐ Soft Drink, Cordial and Syrup Mnfg. (C121‐100) 15 16 ‐ Beer Manufacturing (C121‐200) 12 11 51 Beer ‐1% 31% 46 48 46 47 39 39 ‐ Spirit Manufacturing (C121‐300) 45 46 54 47 ‐ Wine and Other2 Alcoholic Bev. Mnfg. (C121‐ Soft drinks, 400) 78 75 77 81 85 86 83 other non‐ 4% ‐3% 56 59 68 68 alcoholic

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 19 1. Uses persons employed by enterprise unit; 2. Such as port, brandy, etc.; Source: SNZ business demographics (detailed industry for enterprise units) and (detailed industry for geographic units); Coriolis analysis BEVERAGES –# OF ENTERPRISES BY EMPLOYMENT SIZE Looking at the same group split by employee size, we find growth is coming from an explosion of smaller beverage manufacturers

Number of enterprise units in beverage manufacturing in New Zealand by employment size1 Comments (enterprises; 2000‐2010) ‐ Question: Are the firms with no employees small CAGR family enterprises or something else? (00‐10) (09‐10)

519 6% 10%

Notes/Definitions 470 As sub‐aggregate level data not available this 436 441 aggregates:

406 ‐ Soft Drink, Cordial and Syrup Mnfg. (C121‐100) ‐ Beer Manufacturing (C121‐200 250 No employees 9% 17% 369 ‐ Spirit Manufacturing (C121‐300) 354 213 ‐ Wine and Other2 Alcoholic Bev. Mnfg. (C121‐ 331 186 194 400) 308 297 177 287 148 139 115 99 112 101 105 1 to 5 9% 1% 104 97 109 93 88 89 97 76 80 89 37 48 6 to 9 8% 30% 38 32 39 32 36 29 23 33 23 41 41 44 49 10 to 19 4% 11% 41 39 38 32 37 37 33 39 47 46 41 20‐49 2% ‐11% 33 29 32 38 37 34 35 9 11 9 8 10 11 12 14 13 14 14 50‐99 5% 0% 999910 11 12 13 13 12 12 100+ 3% 0% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 20 1. Uses persons employed by enterprise unit; Source: SNZ business demographics (detailed industry for enterprise units) and (detailed industry for geographic units); Coriolis analysis BEVERAGES –EMPLOYMENT The number of people employed in beverage manufacturing grew at 3%/per annum over the past decade; however sector employment rate was ‐4% in 2010

Number of persons employed in beverage manufacturing in New Zealand1 Comments (people; 2000‐2010) ‐ Employment not growing as fast as enterprise CAGR numbers; are we increasing efficiency or (00‐10) (09‐10) fragmenting? 9,310 9,090 ‐ Almost all employment loss in 2010 in wine 3% ‐4% 8,770 8,900 8,500 8,190 8,030 Notes/Definitions 7,680 ‐ Soft Drink, Cordial and Syrup Mnfg. (C121‐100) 7,270 7,290 ‐ Beer Manufacturing (C121‐200 ‐ Spirit Manufacturing (C121‐300) 6,470 5,230 ‐ Wine and Other2 Alcoholic Bev. Mnfg. (C121‐ 5,080 4,770 4,790 Wine 5% ‐8% 400) 4,580 4,150 4,230 4,110 3,710 3,750 3,030

520 510 Spirits 8% ‐2% 460 590 580 520 540 230 270 280 270

1,470 1,440 1,490 1,540 Beer 0% 3% 1,400 1,470 1,490 1,530 1,410 1,580 1,700

Soft drinks, 2,010 2,030 2,070 2,060 other non‐ 2% ‐0.5% 1,680 1,890 1,850 1,720 1,720 1,900 1,850 alcoholic

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 21 1. Uses persons employed by enterprise unit; Source: SNZ business demographics (detailed industry for enterprise units) and (detailed industry for geographic units); Coriolis analysis BEVERAGES –EMPLOYMENT BY ENTERPRISE SIZE Looking at employment by employee size highlights (1) the importance of large firms and (2) that the larger firms have been more impacted in the last year

Number of persons employed in beverage manufacturing in New Zealand by employment size1 Comments (people; 2000‐2010) ‐ Larger firms more impacted than small CAGR

9,310 (00‐10) (09‐10) 9,090 3% ‐4% Notes/Definitions 280 8,770 8,900 300 280 8,500 280 1 to 5 2% 0% ‐ Soft Drink, Cordial and Syrup Mnfg. (C121‐100) 250 240 8,190 250 570 340 6 to 9 7% 21% ‐ Beer Manufacturing (C121‐200 8,030 270 540 290 ‐ Spirit Manufacturing (C121‐300) 7,680 260 550 640 10 to 19 4% 12% 240 220 ‐ Wine and Other2 Alcoholic Bev. Mnfg. (C121‐ 260 540 240 7,270 7,290 530 400) 230 1,500 220 460 1,510 250 1,270 160 240 570 1,090 1,310 20‐49 2% ‐13% 6,470 530 530 1,080 230 1,160 170 990 1,160 920 860 440 910 990 830 940 50‐99 4% ‐5% 720 810 530 1,080 750 610

620

5,640 5,690 5,290 5,530 5,510 5,400 100+ 3% ‐5% 4,950 5,200 4,670 4,720 3,940

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 22 1. Uses persons employed by enterprise unit; Source: SNZ business demographics (detailed industry for enterprise units) and (detailed industry for geographic units); Coriolis analysis BEVERAGE –EMPLOYMENT BY REGION Industry employment is concentrated in Auckland and the key wine producing regions

Number of persons employed in the beverage industry in New Zealand by region Comments (people; 2010) ‐ Soft drinks and beer more location neutral; wine more place specific Otago/Southland 356 4% Notes/Definitions For example as Nelson/Tas/WC 260 “grape growing” ‐ Statistics New Zealand calculates its statistics Canterbury 3% based on the predominant business activity of 600 7% the enterprise

‐ A firm that is defined as “beverage manufacturing” at the enterprise level may Classified elsewhere have a subsidiary at the geographic level that is 2,450 28% classified as “grape growing” Marlborough 1,110 Wellington 12% ‐ Data here is “geographic” units not 90 1% “enterprise” units (pages prior)

Man/Wan/T ‐ “Classified elsewhere” is the difference Northland 40 0% between geographic unit employees and ar 85 1% Hawke's Bay enterprise unit employees; it represents firm 600 7% subsidiaries not involved in “beverage manufacturing,” for example those classified as Auckland 2,930 “grape growing” or “beverage wholesaling” 33% Gisborne 110 1% ‐ Man/Wan/T = Manawatu, Wanganui, Taranaki Bay of Plenty 160 2% ‐ Wellington includes Martinborough and other Waikato 110 1% Wairarapa wineries

Total = 8,900

PAGE 23 Note: Uses persons employed by geographic unit; Source: SNZ business demographics ; Coriolis analysis BEVERAGE –EMPLOYMENT BY REGION Auckland and major wine growing regions only areas creating large scale employment growth

Number of persons employed in the beverage industry in New Zealand Comments (people; 2000‐2010) 10 year Absolute ‐ Auckland and major wine growing regions only Change areas creating large scale (00‐10) 9,310 9,090 +2,830 8,900 8,770 8,500 Notes/Definitions 8,190 8,030 ‐ Statistics New Zealand calculates its statistics 2,550 7,680 2,540 Classified elsewhere based on predominant business activity; firms 2,350 2,450 +910 7,270 7,290 1,970 (e.g. grape growing) are classified by their predominant activity. 1,740 1,640 ‐ Data here is “geographic” units not 6,470 1,700 40 “enterprise” units (pages prior) 1,640 1,530 50 50 55 55 70 40 Northland +22 ‐ “Classified elsewhere” is difference between 35 1,540 20 geographic unit employees and enterprise unit 18 employees; it represents firm subsidiaries not 3,000 involved in “beverage manufacturing,” for 2,830 2,950 Auckland +440 18 2,900 2,920 2,960 2,930 example those classified as “grape growing” or 3,050 “beverage wholesaling” 2,960 3,030 ‐ So a firm that is defined as “beverage 2,490 110 manufacturing” at the enterprise level may 120 110 170 Waikato +35 100 110 230 100 110 250 200 160 160 Bay of Plenty ‐20 have a subsidiary at the geographic level that is 220 250 260 150 110 Gisborne ‐10 270 280 120 580 classified as “grape growing” 90 440 500 600 160 500 Hawkes Bay +310 90 85 95 470 480 61 7595 170 150 130 10090 85 Mana/Wanga/Tara +36 75 90 62 100 90 ‐ Wellington includes Martinborough and other 180 200 430 15061 140 120 Wellington ‐60 120 400 56 Wairarapa wineries 360 44 130 290 52 110 1,170 1,210 49 130 1,320 1,040 1,110 Marlborough +460 150 1,060 1,210 ‐ Mana/Wanga/Tara = Manawatu, Wanganui, 830 960 650 740 225 Taranaki 141 139 210 245 260 Nel/Tas/Marl/WC +65 195 190 188 195 134 550 620 660 ‐ Nel/Tas/Marl/WC = Nelson, Tasman, 600 520 600 600 Canterbury +30 570 570 560 510 Marlborough, West Coast 403 433 Otago/Southland +196 160 160 240 260 350 300 366 373 356 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 24 Source: SNZ business demographics detailed industry for geographic & enterprise units; Coriolis analysis BEVERAGE –INDUSTRY AGGREGATE TURNOVER The New Zealand beverage industry has a wide range of firms

Aggregate beverage (and tobacco) industry turnover/total income Comments (NZ$; FY10 or as available) Likely mostly wine; may ‐ Lion split into Lion Nathan Wine & Spirits and NZ currently includes Breweries and Maltexo tobacco ‐ Data includes tobacco, inseparable at source Mount Riley 1% Vavasour 1% Cloudy Bay 1% Sacred Hill Non‐alcoholic ‐ Suggest Statistics New Zealand remove tobacco ~20% Mud House 1% 1% from data as this does not help industry Other 490 firms 9% St Clair 1% Coca‐Cola Amatil 12% Giesen 1% Yealands 1%

Wither Hills 1% Notes/Definitions Frucor 9% Treasury Wine 2% ‐ Wine growing aggregated into fruit/horticulture

EnzaFoods 1% ‐ Table reference MFG001AA Charlie's 1% Villa Maria 3% Just Water 0%

Constellation 5% dbbreweries 11%

Lion 5%

Delegat's 5% Wine Independent Liquor 10% ~50% Non‐wine alcohol Pernod Ricard 8% ~30%

Lion 9% Bacardi/42 Below 0%

Harringtons 0%

TOTAL = $4,240m

PAGE 25 Source: SNZ (Manufacturing survey); Coriolis analysis BEVERAGE – TURNOVER OF KEY FIRMS While non‐alcoholic and beer/spirits are relatively consolidated, the wine sector is more fragmented

Turnover of select large beverage industry firms Comments (NZ$m; FY10 or as available) ‐ Lion is aggregated business revenue , which includes significant wine and spirits Coca‐Cola Amatil $493 ‐ Includes significant estimates Frucor $380 EnzaFoods $52 Non‐ alcoholic Charlie's $32 Just Water $17 Notes/Definitions Lion $605 ‐ Excludes importer wholesalers (e.g. firms the dbbreweries $461 wholesale imported spirits) Independent Liquor $414 Non‐wine ‐ Consolidated group revenue for all companies Harringtons $20 alcohol Bacardi/42 Below $11 Pernod Ricard $337 Delegat's $220 Constellation $215 Villa Maria $141 Treasury Wine $106 Wither Hills $53 Yealands $50 Giesen $45 Wine St Clair $40 Mud House $39 Cloudy Bay $37 Sacred Hill $36 Mount Riley $25 Vavasour $22

PAGE 26 Source: various companies annual financial statements (as filed with NZ Companies Office or available company website); Coriolis analysis BEVERAGE –INDUSTRY AGGREGATE TURNOVER The beverage industry has been showing constant growth

Aggregate beverage industry turnover/total income Comments (NZ$m; nominal, non‐inflation adjusted; 2000‐2010) CAGR ‐ Data includes tobacco, inseparable at source (00‐10) (09‐10) $4,500 ‐ Suggest Statistics New Zealand remove tobacco Beverage & from data as this does not help industry tobacco product 5% 7% mnfg. $4,000 Notes/Definitions

‐ Wine growing aggregated into fruit/horticulture $3,500 ‐ Table reference MFG001AA

$3,000

$2,500

$2,000

$1,500

$1,000

$500

$‐ 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 27 Source: SNZ (Manufacturing survey); Coriolis analysis BEVERAGE – TURNOVER OF KEY FIRMS Companies are driving growth through both acquisition and organic growth

Turnover of select large beverage industry firms Last 5 yr Comments (NZ$m; FY2005‐2010 as available) CAGR (05‐10) ‐ Question: Why is Pernod Ricard ‘s (Montana) revenue shrinking during a period of New Zealand $800 wine industry growth? Will recent sale of some assets to Lion accelerate this process?

‐ Lions figures supplied by Lion (not taken from $700 yearly annual reports as per the other companies) Notes/Definitions

‐ Consolidated group revenue for all companies $600 ‐4.3% ‐ CCA & Frucor CAGR = (04‐09)

2.4% $500 5.4%

$400

‐4.7% $300 ‐0.4%

(cross) 12.3% $200 (triangle) 30.5%

$100 6.2%

$0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 28 Source: various companies annual financial statements (as filed with NZ Companies Office or available company website); Coriolis analysis BEVERAGE– KEY FIRMS There are two key groups in non‐alcoholic beverages –Coca‐Cola Amatil and Suntory/Frucor

Key firms in the New Zealand beverage sector (2010 or as available) Year Turnover % Export Employees Ownership founded Notes $492.9m 1,100 Australia; listed 1939 www.coke.co.nz; ccamatil.com; www.cokecareers.co.nz (2009) (2010) (ASX: CCL) CCA is licensed bottler by US brand owner

$380.4m 900 Japan; private 1965 www.frucor.co.nz; www.vrepublic.co.nz; www.suntory.com (2009) (Suntory Holdings; 90% Originally NZ Apple & Pear marketing board; listed; acquired Kotobuki Realty; Torii family; by PEP, then Danone, now Suntory others) Brands: V, Just Juice, H2GO, McCoy, Pepsi (licensed), Simply Squeezed, Mizone, Frank, others $45m 85 (FT) + 200 New Zealand; listed 1962 www.enzafoods.cco.nz; www.turnersandgrowers.com Enza Foods only seasonal (NZX: TUR) Parent company is Turners & Growers Ltd (Ce; 2010) (Ce) Concentrated apple juice, apple sauce

$31.6m ~40% 80 (K) Japan; listed 1999 www.charliesgroup.co.nz (2010) (Ce) (Asahi; TYO: 2502) Increasing presence in AU market; winning distribution through Coles and WWX; (sales increased 95% in first half of 2011) Acquired by Asahi (Japan) August 2011

$17.1m 60(K) NZ; listed 1987 www.justwater.co.nz (Ke) (NZX:JWI) In office water coolers

PAGE 29 Source: various company annual reports (AR); various company websites (WS) ; Kompass (K); Kompass estimate (Ke); interviews (Ci); Coriolis analysis and estimates (Ce) BEER/OTHER ALCOHOL –KEY FIRMS There are three large firms manufacturing beer and spirits in New Zealand

Key firms in the New Zealand other alcohol sector (2010 or as available) Year Turnover % Export Employees Ownership founded Notes $461.4m 500 Singapore; listed 1930 www.dbbreweries.co.nz; http://www.apb.com.sg (2010) (K) (Asia Pacific Breweries; www.heinekeninternational.com SGX:A46) www.fraserandneave.com Asia Pacific is 42.5% owned by Heineken; 40% by F&N Previously NZ company, moved listing to Australia; acquired Brands: DB, Tui, Export, Monteith’s, Heineken, others

$414.4m 60% 300 Japan; listed 1987 www.independentliquor.co.nz; www.pep.com.au (2010) (Ce) (Asahi; TYO: 2502) Originally winery; moved into RTDs & spirits Brands: Woodstock, Cruiser, Cody’s, Canterbury Cream, others Acquired by PEP following death of founder (M. Erceg) Acquired by Asahi (Japan) August 2011

$605m 1400 Japan; listed 1968 www.lionco.com; lion‐nathan.com.au; www.kirin.com; (2010) (NZ) (Kirin; TYO: 2503) www.kirinholdings.co.jp 1800 Lion, Beer Spirits Wine (NZ) trading at Lion (as of Jul 2011) (Au) Previously NZ company, moved listing to Australia; acquired Brands: Steinlager, Speight’s, Lion, Mac’s, Waikato Draught, Canterbury Draught, others $20.0m 0% 70 NZ; private 1991 www.harringtonsbreweries.co.nz (Ke) (K) (Harrington family) Beer and RTD

$10.8m 65% TBD Bermuda; private 2000 www.42below.com; www.bacardi.com (2010) (Bacardi family) www.bacardilimited.com Formerly listed in NZ; acquired

$1.9m 90% 25 (NZ) NZ; private 2007 www.vnccocktails.com (2010) (Ke) 20‐25 (Int’l) (McKillen,Couillaut & others) VNC Cocktails Limited established by ex founder 42 Below

$1‐5m 10‐50 29% Scott Family (of Allan 2003 www.moabeer.com (Ce) (Ce) Scott), rest is Business Bakery Largest NZ beer exporter to US (still very small) and Pioneer Capital Partners Super premium, boutique beer from Marlborough Investors include Geoff Ross (42 Below) PAGE 30 Source: various company annual reports (AR); various company websites (WS) ; Kompass (K); Kompass estimate (Ke); interviews (Ci); Coriolis analysis and estimates (Ce) WINE –KEY FIRMS There are five large companies in New Zealand with sales over $100m

Key firms in the New Zealand wine sector (2010 or as available) Year Turnover % Export Employees Ownership founded Notes $337.2m 750 France; listed [1797] www.pernod‐ricard‐nz.com; www.pernod‐ricard.com (2010) (Euronext: RI) 1936 Purchased Montana in 2005

$605m 1400 Japan; listed 1968 www.lionco.com; lion‐nathan.com.au; www.kirin.com; (2010) (NZ) (Kirin; TYO: 2503) www.kirinholdings.co.jp 1800 #2 wine player in NZ; brands include Lindauer, Saints, (Au) Corbans, Wither Hills etc. Recent acquisition of 12 Pernod Ricard brands Lion, Beer Spirits Wine (NZ) trading at Lion (as of Jul 2011)

$219.7m 88% 50(K) New Zealand; publicly listed 1947 www.delegatsgroup.co.nz; www.delegatwines.com (2010) (2008) (NZX:DLG) Owns Oyster Bay (Delegat family 66%) Publicly listed 1991 Marlborough and Hawke’s Bay vineyards 11% of total NZ wine exports

$214.6m 270 (K) USA; listed 1943 www.cbrands.com (2010) (NYSE:STZ & STZ:B) Largest wine company in the world Owns Nobilo, Kim Crawford, Drylands, Monkey Bay, Selaks

$141.3m 250 (K) New Zealand; private 1961 www.villamaria.co.nz (Ke) (Fistonich family) Brands: Villa Maria, Esk Valley, Vidal Estate Marlborough, Hawke’s Bay, Auckland vineyards

$105.8m 70 Australia; listed 2011 www.fostersgroup.com; www.treasurywineestates.com (2010) (ASX: TWE) Brands AU include Beringer & Penfolds $46.8m Recently (April 2011) demerged from Fosters Group (2010; AR; Owns Matua; also distributors of international wines Fosters Matua 2009 Fosters NZ Matua merged with Shingle Peak & only) Waikoukou Vineyards

PAGE 31 Source: various company annual reports (AR); various company websites (WS) ; Kompass (K); Kompass estimate (Ke); interviews (Ci); Coriolis analysis and estimates (Ce) WINE –KEY FIRMS There is also a strong group of mid‐to‐large size wineries

Key firms in the New Zealand wine sector (2010 or as available) Year Turnover % Export Employees Ownership founded Notes $52.7m 55 Japan; listed 1994 www.witherhills.co.nz; lion‐nathan.com.au; www.kirin.com; (2010) (K) (Kirin/Lion Nathan) www.kirinholdings.co.jp; Marlborough vineyards

$50m 34 New Zealand; private 2002 www.yealands.com (2008; K) (K) (Yealand family) Environmentally conscious wines Marlborough winery

Giesen Wines $40‐50m 95% 30 New Zealand; private 1981 www.giesen.co.nz; Marlborough winery (Ce) (K) (Giesen family) Exports primarily to Australia

$30‐40m 66% 17 New Zealand; private 1978/ www.saintclair.co.nz (Ce) (K) (K) (Ibbotson family) 1994 Marlborough winery $3m (Ke)

$39.4m 30 New Zealand; public 2001 www.mudhouse.co.nz (2010) (K) (unlisted) Marlborough, Central Otago, Waipara

$37.3m 50 France; listed 1985 www.cloudybay.co.nz (2009) (K) (Euronext:MC) Purchased Cloudy Bay 1990 Marlborough‐based vineyards

$36.0m 50% 36 New Zealand; private 1985 www.sacredhill.com (2010) (K) (Mason family 63%; Hawke’s Bay winery Jebsen & Co (China) 29%)

$30.8m 120 Australia; private 1998 www.craggyrange.com (2009) (K) (Peabody family) Vineyards in Marlborough, Martinborough, Hawke’s Bay, Central Otago

$20‐30m 70% 20 New Zealand; private 1992 www.mountriley.co.nz (Ce) (NZTE) (K) (Buchanan family) Marlborough winery

PAGE 32 Source: various company annual reports (AR); various company websites (WS) ; Kompass (K); Kompass estimate (Ke); interviews (Ci); Coriolis analysis and estimates (Ce) WINE –KEY FIRMS … continued

Key firms in the New Zealand wine sector (2010 or as available) Year Turnover % Export Employees Ownership founded Notes $22.0m 70% 15 USA; private 1989 www.vavasour.com; www.cliffordbay.co.nz (2009) (K) (Foley Family Wines/Foley www.foleyfamilywines.com family) Brands: Clifford Bay, Vavasour Marlborough winery 70% of grapes are from contract growers

Allan Scott $15‐25m 25 New Zealand; private 1993 www.allanscott.com (Ce) (K) (Scott family) Marlborough‐based winery

$17.1m 60 New Zealand; private 1999 www.amisfield.co.nz (Ke) (Darby family; others) Central Otago winery 60 ha of vineyards $14.3m 50 New Zealand; private 1989 Also a restaurant; Hawke’s Bay vineyards (Ke) (K) (Preston family) www.millsreef.co.nz

$14.3m 50 New Zealand; private 1937 www.soljans.co.nz (Ke) (K) (Soljan family) Auckland region based winery

$9m 57% 30 New Zealand; private 1916/ www.babichwines.co.nz (Ke) (K) (Babich family) 1959 Vineyards in Auckland, Hawke’s Bay, Marlborough

PAGE 33 Source: various company annual reports (AR); various company websites (WS) ; Kompass (K); Kompass estimate (Ke); interviews (Ci); Coriolis analysis and estimates (Ce) BEVERAGE –KEY FIRMS ‐ WHOLESALERS There are a range of larger importer/wholesalers in beverages

Key firms in the New Zealand wholesale sector (2010 or as available) Year Turnover % Export Employees Ownership founded Notes $163.9m 150 (K) Australia; listed www.tasmanliquor.co.nz; www.metcash.com (2010) (Metcash; ASX:MTS) Importer/distributor/wholesaler of wine, spirits, beer

$77.1m 100 (K) New Zealand; private 1859 www.hancocks.co.nz (2001; K) (Jakicevich family) Importer/distributor/wholesaler of wine, spirits, beer Also retail stores Parent is The Booze Borthers $102.4m 60 (K) USA; listed 1999 www.jimbeam.co.nz; www.beamglobal.co.nz; (2009) (NYSE: FO) www.fortunebrands.com Importer/distributor/wholesaler of wine, spirits, beer

$30.3m 50 Austria; private [1984] www.redbull.co.nz; www.redbull.com (2010) (Mateschlitz; Yoovidhya) 2001 Parent company Red Bull (Austria) Importer/distributor/wholesaler of soft drinks

Negociants $44.5m 20 (K) Australia; private 1985 www.negociantsnz.com; www.negociantsaustralia.com (2010) (Smith family) Wine, spirits and beverages distributor

PAGE 34 Source: various company annual reports (AR); various company websites (WS) ; Kompass (K); Kompass estimate (Ke); interviews (Ci); Coriolis analysis and estimates (Ce) BEVERAGES –WINE TRANSACTIONS There has been a constant stream of transactions in the New Zealand wine industry, particular foreign investment in NZ wines…

Recent major wine industry transactions (2005‐2011)

Date Acquirer Target Price Details

2011 Starborough Farming Co Clansman's Marlborough $2.02m 30 ha vineyard sold in Awatere Valley

2011 Foley Family Wines (USA) Te Kairanga Wines $11m 127 ha freehold land in Wairarapa, including 6.6 ha of McLeod Vineyard

2011 Foster’s (Australia) and Rapaura Vintners N/A Based in Marlborough –make wines for Babich and Matua and contract winemaking Babich Wines Was 1/3 owned by Goldwater Estate, Foster’s and Babich, now 50:50 Foster’s and Babich

2011 Foley Family Wines (USA) 34% of Te Kairanga Wines ~NZ$1‐2m Te Karainga Wines has been in financial troubles; 70,000 cases produced per year

2010 Lion Nathan 12 Pernod Ricard brands from NZ NZ$88m Sale includes Lindauer, Corbans, Saints and other sparkling wine/still wines from Hawkes Bay and Gisborne region, (Australia/Japan) Pernod Ricard retains significant NZ investment elsewhere Indevin Partner Indevin will take ownership of the Gisborne Winery, some vineyards in the Gisborne region

Oct 2010 Delegat’s Remainder of Oyster Bay TBD takeover bid for grape grower Oyster Bay, of which it already owned 54.9%

2010 Delegat’s Gravitas N/A Gravitas was founded 1993 and recently placed in receivership sale

2010 Foley Family Wines/ Eurowine N/A Eurowine taken over as a JV; renamed Eurovintage; company distributes many top NZ wines to restaurants; Vintage Vintage Wines & Spirits Wines & Spirits distributes to supermarkets

2009 Foley Family Wines (USA) New Zealand Wine Fund N/A New Zealand Wine fund includes Vavasour, Goldwater, Clifford Bay; deal includes 100 hectares of mostly sauvignon blanc, brands produce 280,000 cases per year

2009 Saint James Company Waimea Estate NZ$9m Saint James is involved in several wineries in Australia and California; previously involved in waste disposal and (USA) known as Radiation Disposal Systems; unsuccessfully bid for Lawson’s Dry Hills in 2009 2006 Waipara Hills Canterbury House N/A One Canterbury winery acquires another 2006 New Zealand Wine Fund Goldwater Estate NZ$10m Production in Waiheke and Marlborough

2006 Mud House Wines Waipara Winery N/A Winery has crush capacity of 1,200 tonnes

2005 Pernod Ricard (France) Allied Domecq (France) NZ$814m Montana Wines passed on to another French company 2005 Ager Sectus The Crossings NZ$21.4m Winery and vineyard including 225.2ha 2005 Delegat’s 25.98% of Oyster Bay N/A Already controlled 32.58% of company taking to 50.1% 400,000 cases (05) 2005 Villa Maria Estate Thornbury Wine N/A 3 vineyards in Marlborough; 11 contract growers 560t; 46,000 cases

PAGE 35 Source: various companies annual financial statements (as filed with NZ Companies Office or available company website); various press releases and news articles; Coriolis analysis BEVERAGES –WINE TRANSACTIONS …continued

Recent major wine industry transactions (1998‐2003)

Date Acquirer Target Price Details 2004 Pernod Ricard (France) Framingham Wines NZ$6.67m Established 1991; 10.7ha freehold land; 5.94ha leasehold land; includes Tylers Stream brand 270,000l; 30,000 cases 2003 Constellation Brands BRL Hardy (Australia) Au$1.9b Part of a series of acquisitions worldwide (USA) 2003 Vincor (Canada) Kim Crawford NZ$14.8 Part of a series of acquisitions worldwide; Vincor encountered financial troubles and was bought by Constellation Brands (USA) for US$1.09 billion in 2006

2003 LVMH (France) Cloudy Bay N/A LVMH has invested in wineries in Argentina, California, Australia and a distillery in China 2002 Aster Family De Redcliffe Winery N/A Aster family of Oregon purchases De Redcliffe and Firstland brand as well as Hotel du Vin luxury hotel; 40,000 cases 2002 Rangitira 25% of Te Kairanga N/A Rangitira (JR Mckenzie Trust) acquires 25% share of Te Kairanga Wines 2002 Lion Nathan Wither Hill Wines NZ$52m From founder John and Brent Maris (Australia/Japan)

2002 Foster’s (Australia) Ponder Estate Wines NZ$11.1m Winery purchased to provide fruit for Matua Valley wines

2002 Foster’s (Australia) Hawkesbridge NZ$3.5m House/cellar door; brand; plant & equipment 10,000 cases (02) 2002 Rangitira Te Kairanga N/A Rangitira (JR Mckenzie Trust) acquires 25% share of Te Kairanga Wines

2001 Sacred Hill Cairnbrae Wines N/A Allows company access to Marlborough grapes 2001 Allied Domecq Montana Wines N/A Allied purchases Montana Wines the largest wine company in New Zealand

2001 Jebsen & Co (China) 30% of Sacred Hill Winery Ltd $3m Jebsen & Co is a diversified company importing products into China 2001‐04 Foster’s (Australia) Matua Valley Wines ~NZ$25m Large Australian investment in NZ wine industry 2000 Montana Wines Corbans Wines NZ$151m Montana buys Corbans, then a subsidiary of DB Breweries; including 623ha in Gisborne/Hawkes Bay, 130ha Marlborough and 87ha leasehold in Marlborough; was NZ’s 3rd largest winery 2000 BRL Hardy (Australia) Nobilo Wine Group ~NZ$50m Acquires remaining 75.32% shareholding; 167ha including 142ha in Marlborough

1998 Nobilo Vintners Selaks Wines N/A Selaks produced 100,000 cases

PAGE 36 Source: various companies annual financial statements (as filed with NZ Companies Office or available company website); various press releases and news articles; Coriolis analysis BEVERAGES –NON‐WINE ALCOHOL TRANSACTIONS There have been limited transactions recently in beer and spirits

Recent major non‐wine alcohol industry transactions (1993‐2011)

Date Acquirer Target Price Details Aug 2011 Asahi (Japan) Independent Liquor NZ$1.5b Major Japanese brewer acquires #3 player in beverages in New Zealand

2010 Warren Couillault Former Pinto (beverages) factory N/A Warren Couillault invests in VnC ‐ current supply of 200,000 cases Purchased the former Pinto (beverage) factory to secure bottling facility

2009 Kirin (Jp) Lion N/A Kirin (Japans #1 beer company) acquires the remaining 54% share of Lion

2008 Foodstuffs (NZ) Liquorland (DB Breweries) N/A DB Breweries sold Liquorland to Foodstuffs 2006 Bacardi 42 Below NZ$138m Bacardi global spirits player purchased NZ owned 42 Below

2006 Pacific Equity Partners Independent Liquors (NZ) NZ$1.25b Independent Liquors is #1 (NZ) and #2 (Australia) premixed drink manufacturer (Australia)

2004 Asia Pacific Breweries DB Breweries N/A APB completed purchase of DB Breweries, DB Breweries de‐listed in NZ (JV between Heineken (Dutch) and Fraser & Neave (Singapore)) 2002 Tasman Liquor Allied Liquor N/A Tasman Liquor Company, a subsidiary of Metcash (Australia), bought Allied Liquor to increase turnover Company

1998 Kirin (Japan) 46% of Lion Nathan Kirin Japan (Japan #1 beer company); acquires 45% (later 46%) of Lion Nathan

1993 Asia Pacific Breweries 50% of DB Breweries N/A Part of regional consolidations (JV Heineken and Fraser & Neave(Singapore))

PAGE 37 Source: various companies annual financial statements (as filed with NZ Companies Office or available company website); various press releases and news articles; Coriolis analysis BEVERAGES –NON‐ALCOHOLIC TRANSACTIONS There has been a range of transactions in the non‐alcoholic sector

Recent major non‐alcoholic beverage industry transactions (2002‐2011)

Date Acquirer Target Price Details Aug 2011 Asahi (Japan) Charlie’s Beverages NZ$129.3m Major Japanese brewer acquires NZX listed juice firm with $31.6m turnover for $129m

2009 Frucor Simply Squeezed from Crescent N/A Frucor purchases Simply Squeezed fresh juice (orange) company, adds Simply Squeezed, Supreme, Capital Partners (AU; PE) Allganics and Bay Harvest brands to its stable

2009 Suntory (Japan) Frucor from Danone (France) NZ$1.3 bFrucor sold by Groupe Danone to Japanese international beverage company Suntory

2007 Frucor Arano N/A Frucor purchases Arano fresh juice (orange) company

2006 Charlie’s Phoenix Organics NZ$10m Charlies purchased Phoenix Organics and moved to plant in West Auckland

2006 Crescent Capital Simply Squeezed N/A Purchased 60% of SS from Brownlie (based in the Hawkes Bay) Partners (AU Private Equity)

2006 Just Water International Clearwater International NZ$14.7 Clearwater is a water dispenser company, purchase was move to expand into Australia (NZ) Australian company is proving to be massively unprofitable Apr 2004 Just Water Aqua‐Cool N/A Water delivery business

July 2002 Coca‐Cola Amatil Rio Beverages from Thexton NZ$40m include Rio Gold, Keri and Thexton fruit juice drinks; also makes e2 lifestyle beverage, Ikon energy drinks Family Trust and Cerebos Gregg's and Kiwi Blue mineral water; 220 employees; $100m sales; 2 bottling plants (AKL & CHC)

2002 Danone Frucor N/A French based Danone purchases Frucor juice and beverage company

PAGE 38 Source: various companies annual financial statements (as filed with NZ Companies Office or available company website); various press releases and news articles; Coriolis analysis BEVERAGES – ACTIVITY Other alcoholic industries have had limited activity in NZ

Recent major beverage industry activity (2006‐2010)

Date Company Activity Cost Details Non‐alcoholic 2011 Coca Cola New bottling plant in Christchurch $15m Coca‐Cola Amatil is to build a NZ$15m bottle manufacturing and filling facility at its Woolston site in Amatil Christchurch, New Zealand 2010 Charlie’s Overseas expansion Expanding into Australia, selling juice at Coles and Woolworths Trialling juice at 60 ParknShop supermarkets in Hong Kong Exports to 14 countries 2009 Coca Cola New automated plant in Auckland $90m In 2008 CCA Announced investment of NZ$80m in automated distribution centre in Auckland Amatil 2008 Charlie’s Built juice factory in South Australia Au$2m Limited supply of citrus in NZ and exports to Australia meant investment in Australian plant

Beer/spirits 2011 Monteith’s Brewery makeoever $4m $4m redevelopment of Greymouth facility to increase tourism to area

2010 Lion New brewery $250m New manufacturing and warehousing facility in East Tamaki, Auckland. Central location for brewing and distributing beer and Contract Bottling; floor space of 23,000 sq m and storage capacity for 26,000 pallets Fully automated bottling plant Wine 2006 Giesen Winery upgrade, new bottling plant $3.5m Established new bottling and packaging plant in Chch, expanded capacity in Marlborough vineyard Wines

PAGE 39 Source: various companies annual financial statements (as filed with NZ Companies Office or available company website); various press releases and news articles; Coriolis analysis BEVERAGES –THEMES (NON‐WINE) There has been a recent growth in microbreweries and craft beer and growing foreign investment in the non‐ wine beverages sector

Identified firm level activity or investment themes (2010)

Theme Details Examples

Growth Growth of Microbreweries are increasing in number ‐ Three Boys Brewery, Dux de Lux, Moa Brewing Company, Harringtons, Green Man, Epic Beer, Green Fern, Peak microbreweries Brewery, Tuatara Brewery

Foreign Investment Asian companies Foreign investment in NZ alcohol to increase ‐ APB purchasing DB Breweries buying NZ breweries presence , not for exporting. No signs of beer ‐ Kirin Investing in Lion Nathan and distillers production moving overseas ‐ Asahi buying Independent Liquor & Charlie’s

Supply chain Vertical integration Investing downstream ‐ VnC purchased the Pinto (beverage) former factory to secure bottling facility, with expected growth, important to secure the supply chain (previously been contract bottling)

PAGE 40 Source: various companies annual financial statements (as filed with NZ Companies Office or available company website); various press releases and news articles; Coriolis analysis BEVERAGES –EXPORTS BY TYPE New Zealand beverage exports have shown strong growth driven by wine

New Zealand beverage export by form 10 Year Last Year (US$m; 2000‐2010) CAGR Absolute CAGR Absolute

$971 TOTAL 18% +$793m 23% +$182m

Can spirits and soft drinks show the same growth over the next 10 years, replicating wines growth in the past 10 years? $816 $789

$722

$774 Wine 24% +$684m 21% +$137m $524

$644 $454 $637 $560 $378

$396 $258 $332 $245 $208 $178 $184 $158 $58 Spirits 9% +33m 46% +$18m $127 $40 $38 $90 $97 $15 $39 $26 Beer 12% +$18m 64% +$10m $35 $30 $31 $14 $16 $30 $13 $14 $11 $64 $67 Soft drinks 7% +$32m 23% +$13m $25 $32 $25 $11 $67 $55 $8 $7 $9 $50 $50 $52 $35 $26 $38 $29 $32 $31 $34 $48 $36 $38 Juice 7% +$19m 5% +$2m $19$2 $19$2 $15$2 $16$5 $3 $24$3 $3 $8 $6 $6 $8 Water 18% +$7m 51% +$3m 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 41 Source: UN Comtrade database; Coriolis analysis BEVERAGES –EXPORTS BY REGION New Zealand beverage exports have achieved strong growth to the developed world

New Zealand beverage export by region 10 Year Last Year (US$m; 2000‐2010) CAGR Absolute CAGR Absolute

$971 TOTAL 18% +$793m 23% +$182m $51 E Asia 12% +$35m 20% +$9m $25 SE Asia 20% +$20m 36% +$6m $10 Other 15% +$8m 52% +$4m $816 $789 $38 $17 $9 $43 $722 $18 $7 $28 $14 $370 Australia/ 18% +$299m 19% +$59m $7 Pacific Islands

$337 $311 $524 $269 $20$9 $454 $5 $23 $4$9 $378 $187 $241 N. America 22% +$208m 29% +$54m $21 $4$8 $155 $176 $188 $187 $258 $137 $16 $208 $2$6 $147 $178 $184 $15 $121 $2$5 $93 $16 $16$5 $3$4 $2 $74 $92 $67 $274 Europe 18% +$222m 23% +$51m $71 $58 $229 $227 $222 $43 $36 $156 $33 $116 $141 $83 $52 $58 $69

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 42 Source: UN Comtrade database; Coriolis analysis TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

Contents 4

Glossary of terms 5

Methodology & data sources 6

F&B IP Overview 7

Summary & conclusions 9

Sector overview 17

Wine 43

Appendices 62 WINE – METRICS Grape prices have fallen sharply over the past two years

NZ Average Grape Price (NZ$/tonne; 1991‐2010)

$2,500

$2,000

Change (09‐10) 10 year ‐20.6% $1,500 CAGR (00‐10) 0.8%

$1,000

$500

$0 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 44 Source: NZ Wine Statistical Annual; Coriolis analysis

yr

7.4%

‐ 190 2010 Last

been 205 2009

2008 has 205 148 2007 133 2006 102 2005 yr 10)

119 2004 ‐ 10 CAGR 12.2%

(00 55 2003 production 89 2002 53 2001 and 60 2000 60 1999 61 1998 slowed 46 1997 57 1996 have Production

56 1995 41 1994 2010) Total ‐ 33 1993 1990

42 1992 Wine

increases m;

50 1991 NZ (l; 54 1990 area

wine

yr 33 2010

4.6% 32 2009 Last 29 2008 Zealand

25 2007 23 2006

New 21 2005

18 2004 yr 10)

‐ 10 CAGR

12.6% 16 2003 (00 analysis

14 2002 growth, 12 2001 Coriolis

10 2000 rapid Annual;

9 1999 quality)

of 8 1998

7 1997 Statistical

7 1996 Wine

Area

period improve NZ

6 1995

to 6 1994

2010)

‐ 6 1993 strong part Producing 6 1992

– METRICS 1990

a

5 1991 (in 45 Source:

000; Wine

5 1990 PAGE cut WINE After NZ (ha; WINE – PRODUCTION BY REGION Close to 70% of grapes crushed are in Marlborough and the region has grown its share over the past decade

New Zealand grape crush by region Share of grapes crushed by region (t; 1992‐2010) (t; %; 1992‐2010) 10 yr Last year CAGR 100% 13% ‐7% Northland/Akld 0% ‐15% Waikato/BOP ‐16% ‐42% 90% 250,000 Gisborne ‐2% ‐21%

80% Hawkes Bay 5% 5%

200,000 Wrpa / Wgtn* 13% ‐11% 70%

60%

150,000 50%

40% 21% ‐5% 100,000 Marlborough 30%

20% 50,000

10% Nelson 18% ‐23% Canterbury 22% 7% ‐ Otago 20% ‐0.4% 0% 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

PAGE 46 * Wairarapa/ Wellington; Source: New Zealand Wine Growers Survey; Coriolis analysis WINE –NZ WINE EXPORTS BY VARIETY Close to 90% of the growth in New Zealand wine exports comes from Sauvignon Blanc 10 Year Last Year CAGR Absolute CAGR Absolute NZ Wine exports by grape variety 141 TOTAL 23% +123m 25% +28 (millions of litres; 2000‐2010)

113

88

116 Sauv Blanc 30% +108m 27% +24m 76

92 59

51 67 57

43 31 27 36 23 20 18 20 8 Pinot Noir 39% +8m 33% +2m 17 6 12 6 6 8 10 3 4 5 Chardonnay 5% +2m 9% +0.4m 4 6 5 Pinot Gris 60% +3m 36% +0.7m 0 1 1 1 2 5 4 1 1 2 3 Merlot 24% +2m 36% +0.7m 03 3 3 3 4 10 10 2 2 2 3 20 10 10 20 20 3 2 2 222 Sparkling ‐1% ‐0.1m ‐12% ‐0.2m 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 Other 1% +0.3m 5% +0.2m 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 47 Source: New Zealand Wine; Coriolis analysis WINE –NZ WINE EXPORTS BY REGION New Zealand wine exports have been showing strong value growth across all regions; Australia, the UK and the USA are our top markets 10 Year Last Year CAGR Absolute CAGR Absolute NZ Wine exports by region $774 TOTAL 24% +$684m 23% +$50 (US$m; 2000‐2010) $29 E Asia 26% +$26m 28% +$6m $14 SE Asia 28% +$13m 42% +$4m Top 5 countries $8 Other 42% +$7m 46% +$2m (2010) China $644 $637 $20 $16 Other $10 $22 $6 $10 Canada $92 $5 $240 Australia/ 32% +$225m 15% +$31m $45 Australia $560 Pacific Islands $236 $11 $5$7

$224 $210 USA $168 $159 $396 UK $8 $214 $3$5 $213 N.America 27% +$193m 26% +$43m $332 TOTAL = $774 $2$4$7 $102 $151 $163 $170 $76 $245 $1$3$6 $54 $122 $103 $158 $127 $1$2$4 $69 $29 $271 Europe 18% +$220m 23% +$50m $0$1$3 $90 $97 $24 $226 $224 $221 $45 $3 $0$1$3 $15$0$1 $14 $32 $154 $23 $140 $20 $112 $77 $51 $56 $66

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 48 Source: UN Comtrade database; Coriolis analysis WINE – AUSTRALIA IMPORTS BY COUNTRY The Australian wine market is New Zealand’s biggest success story: Australia is our largest export market, our largest market share and our strongest growth vs. competitors 10 Year Last Year CAGR Absolute CAGR Absolute Australian Wine imports by country $449 (US$m; 2000‐2010) $439 TOTAL 21% +$375m 20% +$74m

$365

$325 $222 $237 NZ 32% +$223m 15% +$32m

$206 $155 $223

$166 $98 $151 $133 $73 $143 France 18% +$115m 40% +$41m $114 $96 $51 $102 $74 $64 $29 $89 $53 $22 $60 $14 $52 $37 $13 $43 $31 $32 $30 Italy 9% +$17m ‐6% ‐$2m $28 $29 $7 $21 $16 $20 $21 $5 $6 $8 Spain 12% +$5m 29% +$2m $12 $13 $31 $13 $12 $2 $2 $2 $3 $3 $21 $19 $21 Other 13% +$15m 7% +$1m $2$6 $1$5 $9 $9 $11 $10 $11 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 49 Source: UN Comtrade database; Coriolis analysis WINE – AUSTRALIA IMPORTS BY COUNTRY NZ is taking market share from France and Italy in the Australian wine market 10 Year Last Year CAGR Absolute CAGR Absolute Australian Wine imports by country (US$m; 2000‐2010) TOTAL 21% +$375m 20% +$74m

$14 $13 $22 $29 $51 $73 $98 $155 $222 NZ 32% +$223m 15% +$32m $206 $237

$28 $21 $29 $43 $52 $60 $89 $114 $151 $102 $143 France 18% +$115m 40% +$41m

$13 $12 $12 $13 $16 $2 $20 $31 $37 $2 $21 $32 $1 $2 $2 $30 Italy 9% +$17m ‐6% ‐$2m $5 $7 $9 $3 $3 $6 $8 Spain 12% +$5m 29% +$2m $6 $5 $9 $11 $10 $11 $21 $31 $19 $21 Other 13% +$15m 7% +$1m

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 50 Source: UN Comtrade database; Coriolis analysis WINE –UK IMPORTS BY COUNTRY The UK is NZ’s second largest market, NZ is the number 6 country, but a fast growing player 10 Year Last Year CAGR Absolute CAGR Absolute UK Wine imports by country $5,206 (US$m; 2000‐2010) $5,141

$4,518 TOTAL 6% +$1,973m 6% +$256m $4,274 $4,256 $4,239 $4,262 $1,916 $2,000

$3,561 $1,574 France 6% +$661m 9% +$256m $1,374 $1,424 $1,530 $1,448

$3,012 $1,210 $460 $528 $2,639 $2,545 $416 $455 $648 Italy 9% +$386m 7% +$42m $995 $402 $606 $972 $888 $319 $836 $913 $874 $561 Australia 3% +$140m ‐5% ‐$31m $255 $871 $827 $592 $658 $249 $350 $358 $352 Spain 6% +$159m 9% +$29m $262 $622 $308 $323 $299 $288 $304 $310 $496 $270 $206 $306 Chile 9% +$180m 1% +$2m $421 $197 $304 $239 $164 $116 $214 $210 $206 $209 $86 $143 $147 $188 $235 NZ 18% +$189m 25% +$47m $194 $142 $348 $248 $236 $126 $140 $63 $284 $239 $235 $164 $217 USA 3% +$51m 32% +$53m $46 $52 $227 $223 $242 $166 $203 $232 $255 $231 $193 $227 $211 S Africa 7% +$100m ‐7% ‐$16m $111 $133 $178 $458 $489 $414 Other 3% +$107m 1% +$5m $307 $269 $291 $338 $378 $397 $403 $409

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 51 Source: UN Comtrade database; Coriolis analysis WINE –UK IMPORTS VALUE BY COUNTRY NZ has the second highest price for its wine in the UK market 10 Year Last Year CAGR Absolute CAGR Absolute UK Wine imports by $/l by country (US$/litre; 2000‐2010) TOTAL 3% +$0.88 ‐3% ‐$0.11 $10.0

$9.0 Growth in “bulk wine” sales to the UK, reducing dollar per $8.0 litre value France 8% +$4.20 ‐15% ‐$1.32

$7.0

$6.0

$5.0 NZ 1% $0.34 ‐2% +$0.09

$4.0 Other 7% +$1.66 3% +$0.10 Spain 4% +$0.99 ‐10% ‐$0.35 Italy 5% +$1.06 ‐9% ‐$0.39 $3.0 Chile ‐1% +$0.13 ‐7% ‐$0.20 Australia ‐3% ‐$0.66 ‐6% ‐$0.14 $2.0 S Africa ‐1% +$0.11 10% +$0.18 USA ‐1% ‐$0.29 15% +$0.24

$1.0

$‐ 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 PAGE 52 Source: UN Comtrade database; Coriolis analysis WINE –US IMPORTS BY COUNTRY NZ is a small player in the US wine market, but is the fastest growing over the long and short term 10 Year Last Year CAGR Absolute CAGR Absolute US Wine imports by country (US$m; 2000‐2010) $4,856 $4,841

$4,462 TOTAL 7% +$2,123m 6% +$272m $4,370 $4,190 $1,336 $1,360 $3,945

$1,323 Italy 8% +$719m 7% +$86m $3,578 $1,217 $3,409 $1,238 $1,117

$1,000 $2,802 $960 $1,515 $1,494 $1,047 France 1% +$67m 3% +$30m $2,339 $2,355 $803 $1,377 $1,017 $1,146 $604 $653 $1,087 $1,172 $649 Australia 8% +$355m ‐5% ‐$37m $745 $686 $971 $844 $815 $979 $861 $814 $300 Chile 7% +$153m 1% +$2m $775 $243 $298 $226 $290 Argentina 23% +$254m 25% $58m $663 $197 $184 $143 $232 $490 $181 $101 $282 $75 $286 $296 Spain 10% +$173m 10% +$25m $294 $365 $165 $257 $151 $52 $223 $251 $149 $42 $152 $152 $206 NZ 27% +$187m 30% +$47m $147 $150 $37 $194 $110 $159 $36 $39 $166 $101 $147 $116 $139 $48 $65 $106 $128 $152 $155 $127 Germany 12% +$101m 16% +$20m $109 $33 $75 $86 $46$19 $46$22 $53 $218 $105 $103 $126 $132 $153 $182 $187 $201 $198 $177 Other 8% +$113m 23% +$41m 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE 53 Source: UN Comtrade database; Coriolis analysis WINE –SKEWED TO ANGLO‐SAXON NZ wine exports are currently skewed towards the Anglo‐Saxon countries; the Northern European market stands out as the next logical market to target as it accounts for 1/3 of global wine import value

Comparison of global wine consumption share vs. global wine import value share with New Zealand wine import value (%; 2008/2009)

2% 5% 2% 1% 1% Other 14% 4% 0%1%0% 4% 4% 0% 1% Other Asia 1% 4% Japan 6% China 6% Other Europe 7% 3% 31%

France/Italy 32% 32% /Spain/Portugal

27% 89%

Russia 4% 19% Northern Europe 15%

UK/Ireland 5% 32% 22% 20% USA/Canada 13%

Australia 2% 2% % of global wine % of global wine import % of New Zealand export consumption value value

PAGE 54 Note: NZ uses receiving country reported value not NZ export value; Source: UN Comtrade; UN DESA; Wine Institute (CA); Coriolis analysis SUMMARY While there are a range of opportunities in Northern Europe, research to date suggests an initial focus on the Netherlands, Denmark & Sweden

Key metrics: Northern European wine markets & New Zealand (various; 2009)

Pop GDP Grape Wine cons Total import Import value Import $/l New NZ imp NZ imp $as NZ imp (m; 09) /capita area /capita value CIF per capita (US$; 09) World % of $ share a % of AU $/cap CIF (US$; 09) (ha; 09) (l; 09) (US$m; 09) (US$/cap; 09) import (% of $; 09) imp $ (US$; 09) value (% of $; 09) (%; 09) U.K. 62.0 $35,049 700 19.8 $3,776m $61 $3.33 TBD 5.0% 32% $3.03

Ireland 4.5 $50,948 ‐ 14.0 $272m $61 $4.31 46% 4.6% 30% $2.84

Netherlands 16.6 $47,707 50 21.7 $1,114m $67 $4.18 24% 1.0% 17% $0.64

Iceland 0.3 $38,166 ‐ 17.7 $19m $59 $3.30 49% 1.0% 6% $0.60

Sweden 9.4 $43,356 ‐ 20.3 $636m $68 $3.26 32% 0.8% 13% $0.51

Denmark 5.5 $55,881 ‐ 28.1 $638m $115 $3.35 31% 0.8% 12% $0.34

Finland 5.4 $44,276 ‐ 11.7 $222m $41 $3.37 44% 0.6% 7% $0.24

Norway 4.9 $78,029 ‐ 15.3 $333m $68 $4.38 15% 0.2% 4% $0.14

Switzerland 7.8 $64,277 14,820 36.2 $1,016m $131 $5.33 8% 0.1% 6% $0.13

Belgium 10.8 $43,271 50 25.3 $1,256m $116 $4.10 7% 0.1% 7% $0.11

Germany 81.8 $40,934 99,800 24.1 $2,774m $34 $1.96 13% 0.2% 7% $0.06

Austria 8.4 $45,971 45,098 30.3 $221m $26 $3.62 8% 0.1% 3% $0.02

Russia 141.9 $8,672 42,100 7.5 $639m $4 $1.41 15% 0.2% 27% $0.01

Luxembourg1 0.5 $104,437 1,400 52.7 $123m $245 $5.33 0.3%1 0.0% N/A N/A

Poland 38.2 $11,268 1 2.3 $219m $6 $2.42 TBD 0.0% 7% $0.01

PAGE 55 1. Inter‐EU data issues; needs more work; Source: UN DESA; UN FAOStat; UN Comtrade; World Bank; CIA World Fact Book; Wine Institute (CA); Coriolis analysis MARKET ATTRACTIVENESS MATRIX In terms of market attractiveness, five Northern Europe markets stand out: Switzerland, Denmark, Belgium, Sweden and the Netherland

Market attractiveness matrix: Northern European wine markets and New Zealand (2009)

$140 Big wine drinkers who spend a lot per capita on imports $130 Switzerland $120 Denmark $110 Belgium

$100 How to read: the Danes $90 drink a lot of wine and spend a lot per person on Do they spend lots $80 imported wine but could per person on spend more on NZ wine imported wine? $70 Norway Sweden Netherlands Ireland Wine import value $60 Iceland per capita (US$; 09) $50

$40 Finland United Kingdom Germany $30 Austria $20

$10 Size of bubble = expenditure on NZ wine per capita (US$; 09) Poland Russia $0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 Do they drink lots of wine? Total wine consumption per capita (l/capita; 09) PAGE 56 Source: UN Comtrade; UN DESA; Wine Institute (CA); Coriolis analysis MARKET POTENTIAL MATRIX In terms of market potential, three Northern European markets stand out: Netherlands, Sweden and Denmark

Market potential matrix: Northern Europe markets and the opportunity for New Zealand wine (2009)

$400 U.K.

Germany

$300 High potential markets for further NZ export growth Netherlands

How to read: Sweden is a relatively How big is the big market that likes New World market for New wines but could spend more on NZ wine World wines? $200 Sweden

New World wine Denmark import value (US$m; 09) Ireland

$100 Russia Finland Belgium Switzerland

Norway Size of bubble = expenditure on NZ wine per capita (US$; 09) Austria Iceland $0 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% Are they favourable to New World style wines? New World wine as a % of total wine import value (% of US$; 09) PAGE 57 Source: UN Comtrade; UN DESA; Coriolis analysis NZ WINE IMPORT VALUE GROWTH The markets that stand out for potential – Netherlands, Denmark and Sweden –are also the markets where New Zealand has achieved growth to date 10 year New Zealand wine import value (CIF) by select Northern European country 10 year Absolute (US$m; 1999‐2009) CAGR Growth (99‐09) (99‐09) $31.4 14% +$23m

$30 $29.3 $28.0

Netherlands 17% +$8m $25

$19.9 $20 $19.2

Denmark 17% +$4m

$15 $12.3 Sweden 15% +$4m

$10 $8.8 $8.6 $8.6 $7.7 $8.1 Germany 8% +$3m

$5 Finland 36% +$1m Belgium 5% +$1m Russia 50% +$1m Switzerland 3% +$0m Norway 27% +$1m $‐ Other 4 countries 7% +$0m 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

PAGE 58 Note: data is as reported by receiving country; Source: UN Comtrade; UN DESA; Coriolis analysis WINE –THEMES While sales growth is increasing, wineries are suffering from declining value and global oversupply

Identified firm level activity or investment themes – difficult conditions PRELIMINARY (2010) ‐ In progress ‐

Theme Details Examples

Declining value Value Average value of bottled wine exports declining ‐ Bottled wine value similar to those current in early 2006

Growing Debt Many growers and smaller wineries building up ‐ Boutique wineries suffered an average loss of nearly 32 per cent in 2010, or five bottles of wine for every case debt levels ‐ Fall in vineyard values ‐ Grape prices falling (lowest price per tonne for a decade) ‐ “Profitability in the wine sector is under siege on all fronts.” NZ Wine Annual report, 2011

Global Oversupply Controlling supply To prevent falling prices it is necessary to keep ‐ Australia production an example of oversupply resulting in collapsed pricing production and market demand in alignment ‐ Emphasise and focus on quality ‐ Niche markets ‐ Move away from flat domestic market

Bulk sales – export Reduces average price ‐ Bulk wine now accounts for 27% of total export volume ‐ Exported and used in overseas brands and supermarket private label e.g. Tesco own brand sales #1

Bulk sales ‐ import Price pressure ‐ Bulk cheap imports increases in‐market price pressure for local wineries

PAGE 59 Source: various companies annual financial statements (as filed with NZ Companies Office or available company website); various press releases and news articles; Coriolis analysis WINE –THEMES Significant cost savings are being made in the sector with significant overseas investment

Identified firm level activity or investment themes –cost savings PRELIMINARY (2010) ‐ In progress ‐

Theme Details Examples

Cost savings Industry Consolidation Fewer larger firms, gaining economies of scale ‐ Pernod Ricard ‐ owns 100% Montana 100 %BrancottEstate, Camshorm, Penfolds Wines NZ, Tylers Stream Wine Company ‐ Villa Maria Estate: Whale Bay Wine, Half Bay Wine, Aotea Wines, Atlas Wine, Breakaway Bay Wines, Caroline Bay Wines, Carter Rock Wine, Esk Valley Estate, First Barrel Wine, Glenvale Estate, House of Wine, Kapua Springs, Moneo Vintners, Riverstone, Silverlake, Southern Cross Wines, Te Whetu, Terra Vitae , Thornbury, Vidal Estate. ‐ The New Zealand Wine Company: Grove Mill Wine Company Limited, Sanctuary Wine Company Limited, Bedford Road Investments Limited ‐ Delegat’s Marlborough‐Gold Wines, Oyster Bay Wines (USA) Ltd

Automation Research into pruning automation to reduce ‐ Wine Industry funding research into automatic pruning labour costs ‐ Mechanical thinning for yield management ‐ Lion new facility has increased automation

Processing joint Local joint venture in contract winery, cost ‐ Rapaura Vintners Ltd, biggest NZ contract winery (makes Marlborough wines for Babich Wines, Vavasour Wines and ventures sharing and maximising capacity Foster's own Matua Valley Wines label) ‐ Was third held by Fosters, Babich and Goldwater Shares; now its 50/50 between Babich and TWE (Foster’s Group/ Treasury Wine Estate/Matua)

Joint marketing Shared overseas marketing reduces cost ‐ The Family of Twelve (international marketing) ‐ New Zealand Winegrowers USA (21 Companies in Super Premium category)

Foreign Investment Searching for new European and Australian firms are looking for ‐ Sauvignon Blanc is rising in popularity and is well developed in NZ flavours popular wines such as Sauvignon Blanc to ‐ Traditional heavier wines from Europe/Australia are declining in demand extend portfolio ‐ Investment in new varieties (Pinot Gris, Syrah, Viognier, Gewurztraminer, Riesling) ‐ Foreign companies such as LMVH, Pernod Ricard, making significant investments in NZ vineyards

Growth of existing Companies with significant investments in NZ ‐ Matua increasing vineyards and production investments are expanding production and exports New entrants Companies are newly investing in NZ vineyards ‐ Large multinationals, investment firms for export

PAGE 60 Source: various companies annual financial statements (as filed with NZ Companies Office or available company website); various press releases and news articles; Coriolis analysis WINE –THEMES Wine companies are looking to grow the market

Identified firm level activity or investment themes –growth PRELIMINARY (2010) ‐ In progress ‐

Theme Details Examples

Growth strategies Pushing sustainability Leveraging NZ’s clean green image ‐ Membership of Sustainable Winegrowing NZ represents 90% of wine production ‐ Growth of organic wines e.g. goal to increase organic wineries to 20%; OWNZ has 140 members; currently 4.5% of wine area e.g. Millton Winery ‐ Vineyards are beginning to present data on carbon footprint

Development of new While traditional markets are still of primary ‐ Japan/Asia/China increasing wine consumption and growth of income export markets importance, other countries are being targeted ‐ Shipments to China increased 180% to $17m (now NZ’s 6th largest export destination) ‐ The highest average prices are achieved in Asia now, and total sales have reached over $60 million, compared with just $10 million only five years ago. Higher value‐added Sparkling wine, method traditionalle ‐ Launched Oyster Bay Sparkling Cuvée Brut and Oyster Bay Sparkling Cuvée Rosé ( Delegats) products ‐ NZ wines in the “Super premium” categories ‐ Mount Riley, Allan Scott, Lindauer starting to offer sparkling Sauvignon Blanc

New wines Growth of new wine varieties increasing range ‐ Growth in Pinto Gris, Reisling, Viogner (light, fresh wines)

Branding NZ wine Generic Marketing raising awareness of all NZ ‐ Generic NZ wine marketing; Wine NZ marketing brand NZ wines and brands ‐ Creating regional wine identities for instance Otago Pinot Noir wines are spicy/complex

PAGE 61 Source: various companies annual financial statements (as filed with NZ Companies Office or available company website); various press releases and news articles; Coriolis analysis TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

Contents 4

Glossary of terms 5

Methodology & data sources 6

F&B IP Overview 7

Summary & conclusions 9

Sector overview 16

Wine 43

Appendices 62 BEVERAGES –INDUSTRY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH A number of research institutes are researching in the wine sector

Key scientific research organisations involved in beverage industry research in New Zealand (2010)

Total Total Income Staff Focus & activities

N/A 24 ‐ Aroma studies‐ geological etc. effects on Sauvignon Blanc aroma www.wineresearch.org.nz ‐ $12m FRST funding of sauvignon blanc (with Plant and Food), Auckland and Lincoln Universities) ‐ Conjunction with Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology

N/A N/A ‐ Chemistry research into high acid, co‐ferments, yeasts, polyphenol analyses http://web.auckland.ac.nz/uoa/scie ‐ Pinot Noir research into aroma colour, polyphenols, soil profiles (Funding from nce/about/departments/chemistry/ liquorland and about/subjects/winescience/researc Wine Research Institute ‐ Sauvignon blanc programme researching aroma compounds (FRST funding $1.6m/yr) h/furtherwineresearch/furtherwiner (Dept. of Chemistry –(Wine esearch.cfm Science Programme)

N/A N/A ‐ Pest and Disease Management www.plantandfood.co.nz/page/hom (2010) ‐ Viticulture production systems e/landing‐pages/wine‐industry/ ‐ Biological controls ‐ Applied sensors ‐ Viticulture and Wine research (18 staff at Marlborough Research Centre) ‐ Sensory Science ‐ Developing fining agents from N/A 8 core ‐ Focus on Pinot Noir www.lincoln.ac.nz/Research‐at‐ 19 assoc ‐ Climate and soil effects on vine growth and grape composition Lincoln/Research‐centres/Centre‐ ‐ Enhancing nature’s ecosystem services in vineyards for‐Viticulture‐and‐Oenology/ ‐ Enhancing innovation and adoption of new technologies in the grape wine sector ‐ Sensory evaluation and psychological aspects of flavour perception $56.7m 116 academic ‐ Viticulture and Wine courses http://www.nmit.ac.nz/courses/area +110 general ‐ Situated within the Marlborough Wine Research Centre ofstudy/mid/12245/a/25/viticulture‐ wine.aspx

N/A N/A ‐ Sustainable farming fund http://www.maf.govt.nz ‐ others

PAGE 63 Source: Company websites; annual reports; Coriolis BEVERAGE –INDUSTRY ORGANISATIONS There are four key industry organisations representing the New Zealand beverage industry

Key industry organisations involved in beverage industry research in New Zealand (2010)

# of website members Details New Zealand Wine 1,000 growers ‐ Funded through: a levy on the sale of grapes collected by the Grape www.nzwine.com 700 winery Growers Council under the Commodity Levies Act 1991; ‐ a levy on the sale of wine collected by the Wine Institute under the Wine Act 2003; ‐ user pays activities and sponsorships 12 ‐ Represent views of producers and marketers of premium spirits and www.distillers.co.nz liqueurs

77 ‐ Represent views of producers and marketers of juices and non‐alcoholic www.nzjba.org.nz beverages

46+ ‐ Represents all of the breweries in New Zealand brewersguild.org.nz

PAGE 64 Source: Company websites; annual reports; Coriolis