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Phylogenetic Relationships of Discyphus Scopulariae
Phytotaxa 173 (2): 127–139 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.173.2.3 Phylogenetic relationships of Discyphus scopulariae (Orchidaceae, Cranichideae) inferred from plastid and nuclear DNA sequences: evidence supporting recognition of a new subtribe, Discyphinae GERARDO A. SALAZAR1, CÁSSIO VAN DEN BERG2 & ALEX POPOVKIN3 1Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-367, 04510 México, Distrito Federal, México; E-mail: [email protected] 2Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina s.n., 44036-900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil 3Fazenda Rio do Negro, Entre Rios, Bahia, Brazil Abstract The monospecific genus Discyphus, previously considered a member of Spiranthinae (Orchidoideae: Cranichideae), displays both vegetative and floral morphological peculiarities that are out of place in that subtribe. These include a single, sessile, cordate leaf that clasps the base of the inflorescence and lies flat on the substrate, petals that are long-decurrent on the column, labellum margins free from sides of the column and a column provided with two separate, cup-shaped stigmatic areas. Because of its morphological uniqueness, the phylogenetic relationships of Discyphus have been considered obscure. In this study, we analyse nucleotide sequences of plastid and nuclear DNA under maximum parsimony -
PGR Diversity and Economic Utilization of Orchids
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(10): 1865-1887 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 10 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.810.217 PGR Diversity and Economic Utilization of Orchids R. K. Pamarthi, R. Devadas, Raj Kumar, D. Rai, P. Kiran Babu, A. L. Meitei, L. C. De, S. Chakrabarthy, D. Barman and D. R. Singh* ICAR-NRC for Orchids, Pakyong, Sikkim, India ICAR-IARI, Kalimpong, West Bengal, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Orchids are one of the highly commercial crops in floriculture sector and are robustly exploited due to the high ornamental and economic value. ICAR-NRC for Orchids Pakyong, Sikkim, India, majorly focused on collection, characterization, K e yw or ds evaluation, conservation and utilization of genetic resources available in the country particularly in north-eastern region and developed a National repository of Orchids, Collection, Conservation, orchids. From 1996 to till date, several exploration programmes carried across the Utilization country and a total of 351 species under 94 genera was collected and conserved at Article Info this institute. Among the collections, 205 species were categorized as threatened species, followed by 90 species having breeding value, 87 species which are used Accepted: in traditional medicine, 77 species having fragrance and 11 species were used in 15 September 2019 traditional dietary. Successful DNA bank of 260 species was constructed for Available Online: 10 October 2019 future utilization in various research works. The collected orchid germplasm which includes native orchids was successfully utilized in breeding programme for development of novel varieties and hybrids. -
Review of Selected Literature and Epiphyte Classification
--------- -- ---------· 4 CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF SELECTED LITERATURE AND EPIPHYTE CLASSIFICATION 1.1 Review of Selected, Relevant Literature (p. 5) Several important aspects of epiphyte biology and ecology that are not investigated as part of this work, are reviewed, particularly those published on more. recently. 1.2 Epiphyte Classification and Terminology (p.11) is reviewed and the system used here is outlined and defined. A glossary of terms, as used here, is given. 5 1.1 Review of Selected, Relevant Li.terature Since the main works of Schimper were published (1884, 1888, 1898), particularly Die Epiphytische Vegetation Amerikas (1888), many workers have written on many aspects of epiphyte biology and ecology. Most of these will not be reviewed here because they are not directly relevant to the present study or have been effectively reviewed by others. A few papers that are keys to the earlier literature will be mentioned but most of the review will deal with topics that have not been reviewed separately within the chapters of this project where relevant (i.e. epiphyte classification and terminology, aspects of epiphyte synecology and CAM in the epiphyt~s). Reviewed here are some special problems of epiphytes, particularly water and mineral availability, uptake and cycling, general nutritional strategies and matters related to these. Also, all Australian works of any substance on vascular epiphytes are briefly discussed. some key earlier papers include that of Pessin (1925), an autecology of an epiphytic fern, which investigated a number of factors specifically related to epiphytism; he also reviewed more than 20 papers written from the early 1880 1 s onwards. -
Native Orchid Society of South Australia Inc
Native Orchid Society of South Australia Inc. Journal Diuris calcicola One of new orchid species named in 2015 Photo: R. Bates June 2016 Volume 40 No. 5 Native Orchid Society of South Australia June 2016 Vol. 40 No. 5 The Native Orchid Society of South Australia promotes the conservation of orchids through preservation of natural habitat and cultivation. Except with the documented official representation of the management committee, no person may represent the Society on any matter. All native President orchids are protected in the wild; their collection without written Vacant Government permit is illegal. Vice President Robert Lawrence Contents Email: [email protected] Title Author Page Secretary Bulletin Board 54 Rosalie Lawrence Vice President’s Report Robert Lawrence 55 Email:[email protected] May Field Trip – From a newbie Vicki Morris 56 Treasurer NOSSA Seed Kits 2016 Les Nesbitt 57 Christine Robertson The Orchid & Mycorrhiza Fungus… Rob Soergel 57 Email: [email protected] Editor Growing Exercise Recall Les Nesbitt 58 Lorraine Badger Diuris Project Report Les Nesbitt 58 Assistant Editor - Rob Soergel May Meeting Review Rob Soergel 58 Email: [email protected] Pterostylis - Reprint 59 Committee Letters to the editor 60 Michael Clark May Orchid Pictures Competition Rosalie Lawrence 62 Bob Bates April Benched Orchids Results Les Nesbitt 63 Kris Kopicki April Benched Orchids Photos Judy & Greg Sara 64 Other Positions Membership Liaison Officer Life Members Robert Lawrence Mr R Hargreaves† Mr G Carne Mrs T Bridle Ph: 8294 8014 Email:[email protected] Mr H Goldsack† Mr R Bates Botanical Advisor Mr R Robjohns† Mr R Shooter Bob Bates Mr J Simmons† Mr W Dear Conservation Officer Mr D Wells† Mrs C Houston Thelma Bridle Ph: 8384 4174 Mr L Nesbitt Mr D Hirst Field Trips Coordinator Michael Clark Patron: Mr L. -
Research Priorities and Future Directions in Conservation of Wild Orchids in Sri Lanka: a Review
Nature Conservation Research. Заповедная наука 2020. 5(Suppl.1): 34–45 https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2020.029 RESEARCH PRIORITIES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN CONSERVATION OF WILD ORCHIDS IN SRI LANKA: A REVIEW J. Dananjaya Kottawa-Arachchi1,*, R. Samantha Gunasekara2 1Tea Research Institute of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka 2Lanka Nature Conservationists, Sri Lanka *e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Received: 24.03.2020. Revised: 22.05.2020. Accepted: 29.05.2020. Together with Western Ghats, Sri Lanka is a biodiversity hotspot amongst the 35 regions known worldwide. Considering the Sri Lankan orchids, 70.6% of the orchid species, including 84% of the endemics, are categorised as threatened. The distribution of the family Orchidaceae is mostly correlated with the distribution pattern of the main bioclimatic zones which is governed by the amount and intensity of rainfall and altitude. Habitat deterioration and degradation, clearing of vegetation, intentional forest fires and spread of invasive alien species are significant threats to native species. Illegally collection and exporting of indigenous species has been another alarming issue in the past decades. Protection of native species, increased public awareness, enforcement of legislation and introduction of new propagation techniques would certainly bring a beneficial effect to the native orchid flora. Conduct awareness programs, strengthen existing laws, and reviewing the legal framework related to the native orchid flora could be vital for future conservation. Apart from the identification of new species and their distribution, future research on understanding soil chemical and physical parameters of terrestrial habitats, plant association of terrestrial orchids, phenology patterns and interactions of pollinators, associations with mycorrhiza, effect of invasive alien species and impact of climate change are highlighted. -
Diversity and Distribution of Vascular Epiphytic Flora in Sub-Temperate Forests of Darjeeling Himalaya, India
Annual Research & Review in Biology 35(5): 63-81, 2020; Article no.ARRB.57913 ISSN: 2347-565X, NLM ID: 101632869 Diversity and Distribution of Vascular Epiphytic Flora in Sub-temperate Forests of Darjeeling Himalaya, India Preshina Rai1 and Saurav Moktan1* 1Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, B.C. Road, Kolkata, 700 019, West Bengal, India. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration between both authors. Author PR conducted field study, collected data and prepared initial draft including literature searches. Author SM provided taxonomic expertise with identification and data analysis. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/ARRB/2020/v35i530226 Editor(s): (1) Dr. Rishee K. Kalaria, Navsari Agricultural University, India. Reviewers: (1) Sameh Cherif, University of Carthage, Tunisia. (2) Ricardo Moreno-González, University of Göttingen, Germany. (3) Nelson Túlio Lage Pena, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sdiarticle4.com/review-history/57913 Received 06 April 2020 Accepted 11 June 2020 Original Research Article Published 22 June 2020 ABSTRACT Aims: This communication deals with the diversity and distribution including host species distribution of vascular epiphytes also reflecting its phenological observations. Study Design: Random field survey was carried out in the study site to identify and record the taxa. Host species was identified and vascular epiphytes were noted. Study Site and Duration: The study was conducted in the sub-temperate forests of Darjeeling Himalaya which is a part of the eastern Himalaya hotspot. The zone extends between 1200 to 1850 m amsl representing the amalgamation of both sub-tropical and temperate vegetation. -
Diversity of Orchid Species of Odisha State, India. with Note on the Medicinal and Economic Uses
Diversity of orchid species of Odisha state, India. With note on the medicinal and economic uses Sanjeet Kumar1*, Sweta Mishra1 & Arun Kumar Mishra2 ________________________________ 1Biodiversity and Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, India 2Divisional Forest Office, Rairangpur, Odisha, India * author for correspondence: [email protected] ________________________________ Abstract The state of Odisha is home to a great floral and faunistic wealth with diverse landscapes. It enjoys almost all types of vegetations. Among its floral wealth, the diversity of orchids plays an important role. They are known for their beautiful flowers having ecological values. An extensive survey in the field done from 2009 to 2020 in different areas of the state, supported by information found in the literature and by the material kept in the collections of local herbariums, allows us to propose, in this article, a list of 160 species belonging to 50 different genera. Furthermore, endemism, conservation aspects, medicinal and economic values of some of them are discussed. Résumé L'État d'Odisha abrite une grande richesse florale et faunistique avec des paysages variés. Il bénéficie de presque tous les types de végétations. Parmi ses richesses florales, la diversité des orchidées joue un rôle important. Ces dernières sont connues pour leurs belles fleurs ayant une valeurs écologiques. Une étude approfondie réalisée sur le terrain de 2009 à 2020 Manuscrit reçu le 04/09/2020 Article mis en ligne le 21/02/2021 – pp. 1-26 dans différentes zones de l'état, appuyée par des informations trouvées dans la littérature et par le matériel conservé dans les collections d'herbiers locaux, nous permettent de proposer, dans cet article, une liste de 160 espèces appartenant à 50 genres distincts. -
Redalyc.ARE OUR ORCHIDS SAFE DOWN UNDER?
Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology ISSN: 1409-3871 [email protected] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica BACKHOUSE, GARY N. ARE OUR ORCHIDS SAFE DOWN UNDER? A NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THREATENED ORCHIDS IN AUSTRALIA Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology, vol. 7, núm. 1-2, marzo, 2007, pp. 28- 43 Universidad de Costa Rica Cartago, Costa Rica Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44339813005 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative LANKESTERIANA 7(1-2): 28-43. 2007. ARE OUR ORCHIDS SAFE DOWN UNDER? A NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THREATENED ORCHIDS IN AUSTRALIA GARY N. BACKHOUSE Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Division, Department of Sustainability and Environment 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002 Australia [email protected] KEY WORDS:threatened orchids Australia conservation status Introduction Many orchid species are included in this list. This paper examines the listing process for threatened Australia has about 1700 species of orchids, com- orchids in Australia, compares regional and national prising about 1300 named species in about 190 gen- lists of threatened orchids, and provides recommen- era, plus at least 400 undescribed species (Jones dations for improving the process of listing regionally 2006, pers. comm.). About 1400 species (82%) are and nationally threatened orchids. geophytes, almost all deciduous, seasonal species, while 300 species (18%) are evergreen epiphytes Methods and/or lithophytes. At least 95% of this orchid flora is endemic to Australia. -
Epilist 1.0: a Global Checklist of Vascular Epiphytes
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2021 EpiList 1.0: a global checklist of vascular epiphytes Zotz, Gerhard ; Weigelt, Patrick ; Kessler, Michael ; Kreft, Holger ; Taylor, Amanda Abstract: Epiphytes make up roughly 10% of all vascular plant species globally and play important functional roles, especially in tropical forests. However, to date, there is no comprehensive list of vas- cular epiphyte species. Here, we present EpiList 1.0, the first global list of vascular epiphytes based on standardized definitions and taxonomy. We include obligate epiphytes, facultative epiphytes, and hemiepiphytes, as the latter share the vulnerable epiphytic stage as juveniles. Based on 978 references, the checklist includes >31,000 species of 79 plant families. Species names were standardized against World Flora Online for seed plants and against the World Ferns database for lycophytes and ferns. In cases of species missing from these databases, we used other databases (mostly World Checklist of Selected Plant Families). For all species, author names and IDs for World Flora Online entries are provided to facilitate the alignment with other plant databases, and to avoid ambiguities. EpiList 1.0 will be a rich source for synthetic studies in ecology, biogeography, and evolutionary biology as it offers, for the first time, a species‐level overview over all currently known vascular epiphytes. At the same time, the list represents work in progress: species descriptions of epiphytic taxa are ongoing and published life form information in floristic inventories and trait and distribution databases is often incomplete and sometimes evenwrong. -
King Island Flora: a Field Guide - 2014 Addendum
King Island Flora: A Field Guide - 2014 Addendum King Island Flora: A Field Guide – 2014 Addendum First published 2014 Copyright King Island Natural Resource Management Group Inc. Acknowledgements: The publication of this book has been coordinated by Nicholas Johannsohn, Graeme Batey, Margaret Batey, Eve Woolmore, Eva Finzel and Robyn Eades. Many thanks to Miguel De Salas, Mark Wapstra and Richard Schahinger for their technical advice. Text and editing: Nicholas Johannsohn, Eve Woolmore, Graeme Batey, Margaret Batey. Design: Nicholas Johannsohn Cover Image: Mark Wapstra Photographers are acknowledged in the text using the following initials – MW = Mark Wapstra MD = Manuel De Salas MB = Margaret Batey PC = Phil Collier Contents P 3 Introduction P 4 Corrections to 2002 Flora Guide P 5 New species name index New Species common name index P 6-8 Amendments to 2002 King Island Flora Guide taxa list, Recommended deletions, Subsumed into other taxa, Change of genus name P 9-13 New Species Profiles P 14 Bibliography Introduction It has been over ten years since the King Island Natural Resource Management Group published King Island Flora: A Field Guide. This addendum was created to incorporate newly listed species, genus name changes, subsumed species (i.e. incorporated into another genus), new subspecies and recommended deletions. It also provided the opportunity to correct mistakes identified in the original edition. The addendum also includes detailed profiles of ten of the newly identified species. Corrections to 2002 Edition Acacia Mucronata (variable sallow wattle p. 58) :Another common name for this species is Mountain Willow Gastrodia Species - There are very few collections of Gastrodia from King Island. -
Network Scan Data
Selbyana 26(1,2): 236-239. 2005. ORCHID SANCTUARY RAJA RANI (MORANG DISTRICT), EAST NEPAL: AN EFFORT TOWARD HABITAT CONSERVATION LOKESH R. SHAKYA* AND DEVENDRA M. BAJRACHARYA Amrit Campus Thamel, Tribhuvan University, P.O. Box 4407 Kathmandu, 331740 Nepal. Email: [email protected] ABsTRACT. Raja Rani occupies a small area in eastern Nepal. The area is a w~tl~d, sUIToun~ed by sal (Shorea robusta) forest, situated in Bogatini Village of Letang VDC, Morang DIstnct of Koshi Zone. Of the three ponds, Raja Pokhari, Rani Pokhari, and Rajkumari Pokhari, Rani ~okhari has 1 mi' of dense forest growing up from the water, and its orchid-rich habitat is a center of att:actlOn. The present~rs r~corded 45 species of orchids in what appears to be a natural orchid san~tuary, ':"Ith most o~ the specIes m good numbers. The study is an effort to contribute to habitat conservation. Dunng a field tnp, local people were enlisted to help conserve this orchid-rich habitat, and as a result, they are now conscious of the need to conserve this habitat, which can be considered the first orchid sanctuary of Nepal. Key words: orchid sanctuary, Raja Rani, habitat conservation INTRODUCTION 26,970 km2 or only 18.32% of the country (HMGNIMFSC 2002). Other areas do not pro Nepal is rich in orchid flora with ca. 386 or vide adequate management for protection of chid species in 102 genera (Bajracharya & habitat and thus are vulnerable. Conservation of Shakya 2002). The nation's first published flo orchids outside the protected areas is a difficult ristic work (Don 1825) was based on the plant task in Nepal. -
An Annotated Checklist of the Orchids of Sri Lanka, by Fernando And
Rheedea Vol. 18(1) 1-28 2008 An Annotated Checklist of the Orchids of Sri Lanka 1 Samantha Suranjan Fernando and Paul Ormerod Post Graduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. E-mail: [email protected] 1P.O. Box 8210, Cairns 4870, Queensland, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A general description of Sri Lanka and its bioclimatic zones are presented. The history of the Island’s orchid taxonomy is briefly reviewed. An updated checklist is presented for the country’s orchid flora using recent information. New species, new records and nomenclatural changes from previous lists are annotated with appropriate references. This work lists 188 species belonging to 78 genera with one endemic genus (Adrorhizon Hook. f.) and 55 endemic species. A new name, Bulbophyllum jayaweerae Fernando et Ormerod, is proposed for Cirrhopetalum roseum Jayaweera. Illegitimacy of the name Saccolabium virescens Gardner ex Lindl. is discussed and this species is described as a new taxon, Robiquetia virescens Ormerod et Fernando. Keywords: Sri Lanka, Orchids, Bulbophyllum jayaweerae, Robiquetia virescens, New name, New taxon Introduction Sri Lanka is a pear shaped island in the Indian Ocean lying in the southern tip of the Indian Peninsula (Fig. 1). It lies between 5° 55’ - 9°51’ North latitudes and 79° 41’ - 81°54’ East longitudes and covers a total area of 65,609.8 km² consisting of 64,453.6 km² of land area and 1,156. 2 km² of inland waters. The island has a maximum length of about 435 km and a maximum width of about 225 km.