King Island Flora: A Field Guide - 2014 Addendum
King Island Flora: A Field Guide – 2014 Addendum First published 2014 Copyright King Island Natural Resource Management Group Inc.
Acknowledgements: The publication of this book has been coordinated by Nicholas Johannsohn, Graeme Batey, Margaret Batey, Eve Woolmore, Eva Finzel and Robyn Eades. Many thanks to Miguel De Salas, Mark Wapstra and Richard Schahinger for their technical advice.
Text and editing: Nicholas Johannsohn, Eve Woolmore, Graeme Batey, Margaret Batey. Design: Nicholas Johannsohn Cover Image: Mark Wapstra
Photographers are acknowledged in the text using the following initials –
MW = Mark Wapstra
MD = Manuel De Salas
MB = Margaret Batey
PC = Phil Collier
Contents
P 3 Introduction P 4 Corrections to 2002 Flora Guide P 5 New species name index New Species common name index P 6-8 Amendments to 2002 King Island Flora Guide taxa list, Recommended deletions, Subsumed into other taxa, Change of genus name P 9-13 New Species Profiles P 14 Bibliography
Introduction
It has been over ten years since the King Island Natural Resource Management Group published King Island Flora: A Field Guide. This addendum was created to incorporate newly listed species, genus name changes, subsumed species (i.e. incorporated into another genus), new subspecies and recommended deletions. It also provided the opportunity to correct mistakes identified in the original edition. The addendum also includes detailed profiles of ten of the newly identified species.
Corrections to 2002 Edition
Acacia Mucronata (variable sallow wattle p. 58) :Another common name for this species is Mountain Willow
Gastrodia Species - There are very few collections of Gastrodia from King Island. G. sesamoides (‘short potato orchid’) is confirmed by a formal collection but the record of G. procera (‘tall potato orchid’) may refer to a recently recognised rhizomatous and clump forming species, G. surcula (‘cloning potato orchid’). Collections that include the tuber/rhizome are needed.
Gratiola Nana(matted brooklime p. 73) : The image for Gratiola Nana was incorrect. The Image opposite is Gratiola Nana (MW)
Olearia glutinosa (sticky daisy bush p. 29): This species was listed as uncommon in the 2002 edition but is now considered to be common,
Tmesipteris parva (small fork fern p.121): The image has been printed upside down.
Vegetation community images on pp. 4- 15 are by Richard Barnes. Streptopus lanceolatus rose twisted stalk Stylidium perpusillum tiny triggerplant New Species name index Thelionema umbellatum cluster lily Acacia dealbata silver wattle Thelymitra exigua short sun orchid Acacia implexa hickory wattle Thelymitra peniculata metallic sun orchid Acacia uncifolia wirilda Thelymitra viridis green sun orchid Aceana Echinata sheeps burr Viola sieberiana sandstone violet Amphibolis Antarctica wire weed Bolboshoenus caldwellii sea club rush Cassytha pedicellosa pedicel dodder-laurel Centipeda elatinoides elatine sneezeweed Common name index Clematis decipiens slender clematis arching swordsedge Lepidosperma ensiforme Correa lawrenceana mountain correa australian stonecrop Crassula tetramera Crassula tetramera Australian stonecrop Broom rush Juncus sarophorus Doodia Australis Common rasp fern cluster lily Thelionema umbellatum Dysphania glomulifera globular crumbweed coast stork’s bill Pelargonium littorale Epilobium gunnianum Gunn’s willow herb crimson berry Leptecephylla juniperina Epilobium hirtigerum hairy willow herb Curtis’ bog rush Juncus curtisiae Epilobium pallidiflorum showy willow herb dwarf wire lily Laxmannia orientalis Epilobium sarmentaceum mountain willow herb elatine sneezeweed Centipeda elatinoides Eucalyptus nitida western peppermint five awned speargrass Centipeda elatinoides Galium densum Galium Australe galium australe Galium densum Gastrodia surcula Potato Orchid globular crumbweed Dyspphania glomulifera Hibbertia appressa Southern Guineaflower green rush Juncus gregiflorus Hypericum japonicum matted St Johns Wart green sun orchid Thelymitra viridis Isolepis platycarpa nodding club rush greenberry nightshade Solanum opacum Juncus curtisiae Curtis’ bog rush Gunn’s willow herb Epilobium gunnianum Juncus gregiflorus green rush hairy willow herb Epilobium sarmentaceum Juncus sarophorus broom rush hazel pomaderris Pomaderris aspera Laxmannia orientalis dwarf wire lily heathy daisybush Olearia ericoides Lepidosperma ensiforme arching swordsedge hickory wattle Acacia implexa Leptecophylla juniperina crimson berry matted St. Johns wart Hypericum japonicum Microtis parviflora slender onion orchid metallic sun orchid Thelymitra peniculata Mitrasacme serpylliflolia thyme mitrewart mountain willow herb Epilobium sarmentaceum Monotoca scoparia prickly broom heath native picris Picris angustifolia Montia Fontana water blinks nodding club rush Isolepis platycarpa Olearia lanuginose woolly daisy bush pedicel dodder-laurel Cassytha pedicellosa Olearia ericoides heathy daisy bush prickly broom heath Monotoca scoparia Ornduffia umbricola yellow marsh flower rasp fern Doodia australis Ozothamnus rosmariniflorus silver jubilee rose twisted stalk Streptopus lanceolatus Pelargonium littorale coast stork’s bill sandstone violet Viola sieberiana Pentapogon quadrifidus five awned spear grass sea club rush Bolboschoenus caldwellii Persicaria decipiens slender knotweed sheeps burr Aceana echinata Picris angustifolia native picris short sun orchid Thelymitra exigua Pimelia ligustrina tall rice flower short wallaby grass Rytidosperma carphoides Pomaderris aspera hazel pomaderris showy willow herb Epilobium pallidiflorum Rytidosperma carphoides short wallaby grass silky fanfern Sticherus tener Solanum opacum greenberry nightshade silver jubilee Ozothamnus rosmaniflorus Sticherus tener silky fanfern silver wattle Acacia dealbata slender clematis Clematis decipiens slender knotweed Periscaria decipiens water blinks Montia Fontana slender onion orchid Microtis parviflora western peppermint Eucalyptus nitida Southern Guineaflower Hibbertia appressa wire weed Amphibolis Antarctica tall rice flower Pimelia ligustrina wirilda Acacia uncifolia thyme miterwort Mitrasacme serpyllfolia woolly daisy bush Olearia lanuginose tiny trigger plant Stylidium perpusillum yellow marsh flower Ornduffia umbricola
Amendments to 2002 King Island Flora Guide taxa list
Recommended deletions KI 2002 Name 2012 census name Diuris lanceolata Diuris lanceolata Lepidium pseudotasmanicum Lepidium pseudotasmanicum Oreobolus sp. Oreobolus sp. Pomaderris oraria Pomaderris oraria subsp. oraria Thelymitra longiloba Thelymitra longiloba Tricoryne elatior Tricoryne elatior
Subsumed into other taxa KI 2002 Name 2012 census name Lachnagrostis aequata Lachnagrostis scabra subsp. Scabra Ranunculus inundates Ranunculus amphitrichus
Change of Genus Name KI 2002 Name 2012 census name Ammobium calyceroides Nablonium calyceroides Anzybas unguiculatus Corybas unguiculatus Arachnorchis dilatata Caladenia dilatata Austrodanthonia geniculate Rytidosperm geniculatum Austrodanthonia penicillata Rytidosperma penicillatum Austrodanthonia pilosa Rytidosperma pilosum Austrodanthonia setacea Rytidosperma setaceum Coyrsanthes diemenica Corybas diemenicus Ehrharta distichophylla Tetrarrhena distichophylla Ehrharta stipoides Microlaena stipoides Gratiola euphrasia Euphrasia sp. Isolepis nodosa Ficinia nodosa Myrsiphyllum scandens Asparagus scandens Nemacianthus caudatus Acianthus caudatus Neopaxia australasica Montia australasica Notodanthonia semiannularis Rytidosperma semiannulare Petalochilus alata Caladenia alata Petalochilus mentiens Caladenia mentiens Petalochilus pusillus Caladenia pusilla Petalochilus vulgaris Caladenia vulgaris Potamogeton pectinatus Stuckenia pectinata Pseudognaphalium luteo-album Helichrysum luteoalbum
Change of species name KI 2002 Name 2012 census name Actites megalocarpa Actites megalocarpus Billardiera longiflora Billardiera nesophila Diplarrena latifolia Diplarrena moraea Drosera peltata subsp. Auriculata Drosera auriculata Drosera peltata subsp. Peltata Drosera peltata Microtis rara Microtis oblonga Passiflora mollissima Passiflora tarminiana Schoenoplectus validus Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani Stylidium inundatum Stylidium beaugleholei
Addition of subspecies or variation KI 2002 Name 2012 census name Acaena ovina Acaena ovina var. velutina Ammophila arenaria Ammophila arenaria subsp. Arenaria Amperea xiphoclada Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Asplenium obtusatum Asplenium obtusatum subsp. Northlandicum Atherosperma moschatum Atherosperma moschatum subsp. moschatum Banksia integrifolia Banksia integrifolia subsp. Integrifolia Blechnum patersonii Blechnum patersonii subsp. Patersonii Boronia anemonifolia Boronia anemonifolia subsp. Variabilis Boronia pilosa Boronia pilosa subsp. Pilosa Bursaria spinosa Bursaria spinosa subsp. Spinosa Cakile maritime Cakile maritima subsp. maritima Centrolepis strigosa Centrolepis strigosa subsp. strigosa Colobanthus apetalus Colobanthus apetalus var. apetalus Correa alba Correa alba var. alba Correa backhouseana Correa backhouseana var. backhouseana Correa reflexa Correa reflexa var. reflexa Crassula decumbens Crassula decumbens var. decumbens Cyathea australis Cyathea australis subsp. australis Dianella revolute Dianella revoluta var. revolute Fumaria officinalis Fumaria officinalis subsp. officinalis Gonocarpus micranthus Gonocarpus micranthus subsp. micranthus Hibbertia empetrifolia Hibbertia empetrifolia subsp. empetrifolia Isotoma fluviatilis Isotoma fluviatilis subsp. australis Lachnagrostis scabra Lachnagrostis scabra subsp. scabra Leontodon taraxacoides Leontodon taraxacoides subsp. taraxacoides Leucopogon lanceolatus Leucopogon lanceolatus var. lanceolatus Leucopogon virgatus Leucopogon virgatus var. virgatus Mentha diemenica Mentha diemenica var. serpyllifolia Mitrasacme pilosa Mitrasacme pilosa var. pilosa Nematolepis squamea Nematolepis squamea subsp. squamea Ophioglossum lusitanicum Ophioglossum lusitanicum subsp. coriaceum Oxalis corniculata Oxalis corniculata subsp. corniculata Patersonia occidentalis Patersonia occidentalis var. occidentalis Persoonia juniperina Persoonia juniperina var. juniperina Pimelea serpyllifolia Pimelea serpyllifolia subsp. serpyllifolia Pomaderris apetala Pomaderris apetala subsp. apetala Pomaderris oraria Pomaderris oraria subsp. oraria Pterostylis cucullata Pterostylis cucullata subsp. cucullata Pultenaea gunnii Pultenaea gunnii subsp. gunnii Senecio spathulatus Senecio spathulatus var. spathulatus Viola hederacea Viola hederacea subsp. hederacea Zoysia macrantha Zoysia macrantha subsp. walshii
Deletion of subspecies or variation KI 2002 Name 2012 census name Pimelea linifolia subsp. linifolia Pimelea linifolia subsp. linifolia Puccinellia stricta var. stricta Puccinellia stricta Diuris lanceolata Diuris lanceolata Lepidium pseudotasmanicum Lepidium pseudotasmanicum Oreobolus sp. Oreobolus sp. Pomaderris oraria Pomaderris oraria subsp. oraria Thelymitra longiloba Thelymitra longiloba Tricoryne elatior Tricoryne elatior
New Species Profiles
ASTERACEAE Cotula Vulgaris Slender buttons Description: Small, annual herb up to 20 cm tall. Leaves are arranged alternately along the stem. Flowers are yellow button like flower heads surrounded by 5–8 suborbicular bracts that are 2–5 mm long. The flower heads are made up of numerous small tubular flowers. Flowers between August and November. Fruit: The fruit is small, flat and broadly winged. Habitat: Habitat includes saline herb fields, rocky coastal outcrops, and wet or brackish swamps. Notes: found in Seal Rocks State Reserve. Image MW
ASTERACEAE Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius Silver Jubilee Description: Erect densely cottony shrub growing to 3m. leaves are narrow dark green spreading to suberect leaves 8-32mm long x 1mm, very rough above, greyish cottony below, hidden by tightly rolled under margins. Flowers are dense slightly rounded terminal clusters of small daisy flower heads. Bracts are yellowish to reddish. Habitat: Commonly found in wet peaty heaths. Observed in Nook Swamp area. Notes: Image MW
CONVOLVULACEAE Calystegia soldanella Sea bindweed Description: A trailing or twining perennial herb with slender, branched underground stems(rhizomes). Leaves: kidney or heart- shaped leaves around 2-5 cm wide. They are somewhat fleshy and the stalk is longer than the blade. Leaves are shiny and deeply veined. Flowers are funnel shaped and white with pale pink or purple and a yellow centre. They are between 3-5 cm long. Flowers in Summer. The fruit is a capsule. Tasmanian Herbarium specimens have been collected in November and December. Habitat: Found on coastlines around the world. In Tasmania, Calystegia soldanella is recorded from coastal sands in north-east of the State. It has also been found growing in granite soils and grazed coastal grasslands. Notes: Listed as rare under the Tasmanian Threatened Species Act. Image MW
SOLANACEAE Solanum opacum Greenberry Nightshade Description: Annual or short-lived perennial herb with a sprawling, almost prostrate, growth habit to 1 m across. Stems are green and pubescent, with small glandular and simple hairs. Leaves are arranged alternately along the stem. Flowers are white with five spreading ovate to oblong corolla lobes, and has an individual stalk (pedicel) 7–10 mm long. Flowering occurs in spring to summer. Fruit is a spherical berry 8–10 mm in diameter, green when mature. Habitat: Only Recorded three times in Tasmania including Sea Elephant Hills. Notes: Image supplied by MD
THYMELAEACEAE Pimelia Ligustrina Tall Rice Flower Description: shrub species endemic to south- eastern Australia. Plants have an erect habit, growing to between 1 and 3 metres in height. Leaves are 15 to 90 mm long and 7 to 20 mm wide. The flowers are clustered in groups, the heads surrounded by 4 or 8 bracts. These are followed by green to red-brown fruit. Habitat: Endemic to South Eastern Australia Notes: Image MB
POACEAE Rytidosperma carphoides Short Wallaby Grass Description: Small tufting perennial grass to 15cm high. Dull leaves are erect and hairy. Flower spikes to 4cm high in late spring-early summer. Flowers are green-purplish soon turning to straw colour. Habitat: Ranging from the Queensland border to Adelaide and Tasmania, altitude 680– 800m, sclerophyll scrub and eucalypt woodlands, grassy hillsides, in heavy soils; frequently common where the grass is cut by grazing or mowing, not common in lank grass. Flowers October to December. Notes: Image MD
STYLIDIACEAE Stylidium perpusillum Tiny trigger plant Description: Slender annual herb, with erect flowering stems 1.5 to 5 cm high, thread-like but rigid, with scattered glandular hairs. Leaves few, in a basal rosette, Habitat: In Tasmania the species occurs mainly in near-coastal areas in the north and northeast (and possibly Flinders Island), with small colonies also known the northwest and King Island. Grows in sandy heaths and open shrublands, moist depressions and poorly drained hollows. Herbarium specimen found near Counsel Hill. Notes: Listed as rare under Tasmanian Threatened Species Act. Image PC
POLYGONACEAE Persicaria decipiens Slender knotweed Description: An annual or perennial herb with sparingly branched, slender stems that grow up to 60 cm long. The stems spread along the ground and root at the base – then gradually slope upwards. The flowers are slender and situated at the end of the main and side branches. The whole flower is between 2.5-3.5 mm long. The tube is green and shorter than the lobes, which are pale to deep pink and sometimes white. Flowering is predominantly from December to April. Habitat: Notes: Listed as vulnerable under Tasmanian Threatened Species Act. Found near Yarra Creek. Image MW
ONAGRACEAE Epilobium pallidiflorum Showy willowherb Description: A perennial herb between 30-120 cm high. The lower parts of the stem are prostrate and smooth with roots along them. Upper stems are erect with a dense covering of short hairs. The stems are sometimes purplish and hard. Leaves predominantly arise opposite each other. Solitary and arise with the leaves in the upper part of the stem and are 2 to 3 cm in diameter and approximately 8 mm long. The petals are white or rose pink. Flowers October to March. The fruit is a hairy capsule around 5cm long. The seeds are egg- shaped with one face flattened. Observations of this species have been made from October to April. Habitat: Found in The Nook and Yellow Rock River areas. Notes: Listed as rare under Tasmanian Threatened Species Act. Image M W.
Caladenia dilatata Green comb spider orchid Description: Caladenia dilatata is a terrestrial orchid that consists of a single large, flower. The plant itself grows 15 – 35 cm tall from two round tubers that are protected in a fibrous tunic. It has one green basal leaf that is long and hairy. Similar to other spider orchids, the flower consists of four long, lanceolate and curved filamentous modified sepals. The sepals are green-yellow, with a maroon colour on the dorsal side, measuring up to 5 – 5.5 cm long. They droop downwards and taper into fine, yellow-brown clubbed tips that are covered with dark hairs. The pair of basal sepals spread away from each other, but may also curve and cross. Habitat: South eastern Australia Notes: Image MD
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