Floristic Quality Assessments Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys Little Traverse Conservancy Lands, Beaver Island, MI

Prepared by:

Phyllis J. Higman and Daria A. Hyde

Michigan Natural Features Inventory P.O. Box 13036, Lansing, MI 48901-3036

For: Conservation Resource Alliance 10850 E Traverse Hwy #1180, Traverse City, MI 49684

October 31, 2013

Report Number 2013-18

Acknowledgements This work was made possible through a Resources and Ecotourism Steering Committee Sustain our Great Lakes grant awarded to the have been instrumental in building support for Conservation Resource Alliance in Traverse this work, as has TNC’s Eastern Lake Michigan City, Michigan. Many thanks to Eric Ellis for Coastal Invasive Program, the Little Traverse writing the grant and inviting us to partner in Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, and the Grand this project. Thanks also to The Little Traverse Traverse Band of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians. Conservancy and the Lucas, Barrett, Plumert, We are grateful for our CMU friends who Haveman, and Roberts families for supporting introduced us to Beaver Island and have this work and facilitating surveys of their nurtured our work over many years. We give a preserves and conservation easements. Rebecca special thank you to Pam Grassmick, and Beth Rogers and Ed Schools provided critical and Ed Leuck for their leadership in the Beaver assistance with our GPS data and graphics. Archipelago Initiative, and for their passion and The Beaver Island Association and the Natural generosity.

Suggested Citation: Higman, P.J. and D.A Hyde. 2013. Floristic Quality Assessments, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Little Traverse Conservancy Lands, Beaver Island, MI. Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Report Number 2013-18. Lansing, MI. 25 pp. plus 4 appendices.

Cover photo by Phyllis J. Higman. 2013. Petritz Preserve Dunes at Sundown.

Copyright 2013 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. Michigan State University Extension programs and materials are open to all without regard to race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, marital status, or family status.

Table of Contents Executive Summary ...... i Introduction ...... 1 Methods ...... 3 Floristic Quality Assessment ...... 3 Natural Features Inventory ...... 2 Invasive Plant Inventory ...... 4 Culturally Significant Plants ...... 5 Breeding Bird Surveys ...... 5 Results and Discussion ...... 9 Floristic Quality Assessments ...... 9 Natural Features Inventory ...... 11 Invasive Plant Inventory ...... 12 Culturally Significant Plants ...... 20 Breeding Bird Surveys ...... 21 Conclusions and Recommendation ...... 23 References...... 25 Appendices ...... A1 A. Recent Taxonomic Changes ...... A-1 Genera in Michigan Flora whose family assignments here changed ...... A-3 New Species added to the website March 2013 ...... A-4 Additions and Name Changes to Michigan Flora, Volumes 1-3 ...... A-5 B. List of Culturally Significant Plants...... B-1 C. Floristic Quality Assessments ...... C-1 Petritz Preserve ...... C-3 Little Sand Bay Preserve ...... C-13 Conn’s Cove Preserve-Lucas/Barrett/Plumert Easements ...... C-29 Erber Preserve ...... C-41 Haveman/Roberts Easements ...... C-49 Barney’s Lake Preserve ...... C-65 Trout Island Easement ...... C-77 D. List of Birds Observed During Surveys ...... D-1

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page i Figures

Figure 1. Study area and survey sites...... 2 Figure 2. Breeding bird point count sites Petritz Preserve ...... 6 Figure 3. Breeding bird point-count sites at Little Sand Bay Preserve...... 6 Figure 4. Breeding bird point-count sites at the Conn’s Cove/Lucas/Barrett/Plumert properties ...... 7 Figure 5. Breeding bird point-count sites at Erber Preserve ...... 7 Figure 6. Breeding bird point-count sites at the Haveman/Roberts Easements...... 8 Figure 7. Breeding bird point-count sites at LTC’s Barney’s Lake Preserve ...... 8 Figure 8. Natural features and invasive plants at Petritz Preserve ...... 13 Figure 9. Natural features and invasive plants at Little Sand Bay Preserve ...... 14 Figure 10. Natural features and invasive plants at the Conn’s Cove/ Lucas, Barrett Plumert properties ...... 15 Figure 11. Natural features and invasive plants at Erber Preserve ...... 16 Figure 12. Natural features and invasive plants at the Haveman/Roberts Easements ...... 17 Figure 13. Natural features and invasive plants at Barney’s Lake Preserve ...... 18 Figure 14. Natural features and invasive plants at the Trout Island Easement ...... 19 Figure 15. An osprey sitting on a nest at the communication tower ...... 22

Tables

Table 1. Rare plant and animal species targeted for survey during 2013 ...... 3 Table 2. Invasive species targeted for survey during 2013 ...... 4 Table 3. Size and density codes used for mapping invasive species occurrences ...... 5 Table 4: List of known occurrences targeted for call playback surveys ...... 5 Table 5. Summary of Native FQIs by preserve ...... 9 Table 6. Summary of total FQIs with non-native species, by survey site and community ...... 9 Table 7. Summary of total number of native species by site and community...... 9 Table 8. Summary of total number of non-native species, by site and community...... 10 Table 9. New and updated rare species occurrences ...... 12 Table 10. Invasive plants documented on LTB’s preserves and easements during 2013 ...... 20 Table 11. Listed and SGCN birds observed or heard during point count and call playback surveys ...... 21 Table 12. Mean abundance of breeding birds ...... 22

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page ii Executive Summary This project builds upon efforts to document occurrence of coltsfoot on islands to date. The and prioritize invasive species treatments in the more common European swamp thistle presents Beaver Archipelago, by conducting systematic a significant challenge as it was found fairly surveys of conservation lands held by the Little frequently as widely disparate occurrences deep Traverse Conservancy on the Beaver Island. within the swamps, where access is difficult and Floristic quality assessments and surveys of time consuming. Spotted knapweed, common natural features, invasive plant, and breeding St. John’s wort, bladder campion, hawkweed bird were conducted. These data will provide a and Kentucky bluegrass were widespread in old useful lens for decision-makers to consider when fields, along trails and roads, and in the dunes. prioritizing invasive species work. Common St. John’s wort was also sparsely Twenty-four occurrences of natural and distributed throughout open woodlands. anthropogenic communities and community Many of the 81 plants identified as culturally complexes, representing ten community types, significant are common occurrences on the were documented during surveys. These include Island, however, only a single occurrence of old fields, second growth mesic and dry-mesic sweetgrass was documented. Seven species, northern forest, bogs, a northern fen, large although in range, have not been formally complexes of rich conifer (cedar) and hardwood- documented from the Island in the Michigan conifer swamp, dunes, and extensive calcareous Flora. These well-known species are not likely shorelines comprised primarily of coastal fen to occur on the island. Six additional species and sand and gravel beach. not documented in 2013 are likely are present, Native species documented ranged from a but not abundant in the survey sites. high of 144 in the Little Sand Bay swamp Two hundred and eighty three individuals complex to as few as 25 in old fields. Native representing 57 different species were observed FQIs ranged similarly from the low-fifties in the during breeding bird point count surveys, with a highest quality rich/hardwood-conifer and shore mean number of 47 individuals observed per site. complexes, to the mid-teens for the least diverse Two additional species, an Osprey and hooded old fields. The number of non-native species merganser, were observed at two of six call captured in each community ranged from of 41 playback stations. The five most abundant bird in the old fields of Little Sand Bay to only three groups observed were warblers, followed by at the Barney’s Lake bogs. corvids, thrushes, vireos, and finally gulls and Eleven element occurrences representing terns seven rare species and one natural community Eleven species of warblers were documented were documented. These include three including the Northern parula, a species of occurrences of state and federal threatened greatest conservation need (SGCN). Seven Pitcher’s thistle, four occurrences of state additional SGCN were documented including threatened Lake Huron tansy, and one Eastern towhee, Brown thrasher, Killdeer, Least occurrence each of state and federal endangered flycatcher, Northern flicker, Sora, and Wilson’s Michigan monkey flower, state special concern snipe. A pair of the state threatened osprey was butterwort, and state special concern climbing documented nesting, common loons were fumitory. A portion of one of the mesic observed at five sites and state special concern northern forest sites meets the criteria for Bald eagle and state threatened Caspian tern element occurrence status. were each observed at one site. Sixteen invasive species of concern were These lands capture a diverse array of documented during surveys. These include ecosystems, providing habitat many species, isolated or discrete occurrences of Oriental including those that are rare or vulnerable. Data bittersweet, autumn olive, tartarian honeysuckle, from this study will help determine where it is narrow-leaved cat-tail, sweet clover, Canada most important and effective to address thistle, bull thistle, phragmites, wild parsnip and invasions that currently pose one of the biggest coltsfoot. The latter is the first reported threats to these natural systems.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page iii

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page iv Introduction The Beaver Island Archipelago, nestled in as Japanese knotweed, garlic mustard, purple northern Lake Michigan, is known for its loosestrife, and Eurasian honeysuckles are still exceptionally rich biodiversity and historical and quite rare. Tracking and treating these early cultural values. It is home to six federal listed detection species while they are small is species, including four Great Lakes endemic relatively straightforward. It is similarly plants, the endangered Hine’s emerald dragonfly straightforward for the more common, non- and the endangered piping plover—one of three native phragmites. Effective treatments are well breeding populations in the world. The known and can be fairly easily applied to this endangered Michigan monkey-flower, which conspicuous clonal species. Efforts to treat occurs on Beaver Island, is known only from these species on the islands have been an northern Michigan. The Archipelago also unqualified success. harbors high quality occurrences of at least 16 Treatment of other species such as spotted different natural community types and 25 knapweed, reed canary grass and European additional state listed and special concern swamp thistle, which are widespread, is more species. These islands are critically important complicated. Once established in high quality for migratory birds, colonial nesting birds, near natural areas, spotted knapweed is usually shore fish spawning and rearing, recreational scattered amongst a sea of native species making activities and ecosystem services. treatment difficult and time consuming. Reed The recent focus on mapping and managing canary grass and European swamp thistle often non-native species invasions in northeast occur as widely disparate small clumps, even Michigan has shown that the Archipelago is far deep within forested swamps. Locating and from immune to current biological or human treating them all seems an overwhelming task. threats. Invasion by aggressive non-native When all the invasive species are considered species is currently considered one of the top together, decisions about where to spend money threats to native biodiversity globally and the and effort can be challenging, necessitating islands are no exception. In 2009, a grass roots effective and sound means of prioritizing. effort led to the mapping and treatment of 37 This project builds upon on-going efforts to acres of invasive phragmites throughout Beaver help identify and prioritize treatment areas on Island’s entire coastal zone, sparking similar the Archipelago, by conducting systematic efforts on High, Hog, and Garden Islands, and surveys of selected preserves and conservation northern Michigan’s mainland coastal zone easements held by the Little Traverse (Howard, 2013, CardnoJFNew 2012, Grassmick Conservancy on Beaver Island. Surveys were 2012, Higman et al, 2011, Higman et al. 2009, conducted to develop floristic quality Higman et al. 2010). assessments, identify natural features of These efforts quickly coalesced into an conservation concern, map invasive species and Invasive Species Initiative for the Archipelago inventory birds. which has resulted in the identification and Data derived from this work will be made documentation of over thirty invasive species of available to decision-makers for use in concern in the region. A campaign to nip these determining where invasive treatments are most species in the bud through early detection and important. Providing site-based natural features rapid response was rapidly mounted and data in addition to invasive species distribution systematic mapping and treatment of prioritized data will augment and amplify a useful lens that infestations is currently on-going. can be integrated into the prioritization process. Fortunately, several species of high concern, It will also enhance the overall picture of natural such as black and pale swallow-wort, blue lyme features statewide, as systematic statewide grass, and glossy buckthorn have not yet been surveys have never been fully funded, and work documented on Beaver Island, and others such on private lands is particularly needed.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 1

Figure 1. Study area showing the location of preserves and conservation easements surveyed in 2013.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 2 Methods Floristic Quality Assessments Plant inventories were conducted by coastal fen and sand and gravel beach. Species meander surveys throughout five Little Traverse that could not be determined in the field were Bay preserves and four conservation easements collected and keyed out later or identified with on Beaver Island, Michigan (Figure 1). the help of other botanical experts. Preserves and easements adjacent to one another Documented species were entered into the were surveyed as one site. Surveys were Floristic Quality Assessment (FQA) for conducted periodically from June through Michigan (Herman et al. 2001) and the mean September of 2013. In addition, a cursory two coefficient of conservatism (C), floristic quality hour survey of a portion of Trout Island was index (FQI) and coefficient of wetness (W) were made possible through transport by an Island calculated with and without non-native species resident. Surveyors meandered throughout the for each natural community within each site. sites, deliberately exploring the diversity and Percentages of growth forms (physiognomy) extent of microhabitats to maximize the number were also summarized for each community with of species observed. Separate species lists were and without non-native species. Nomenclature created for each discernible natural community for the FQA follows Herman et al. (2001). within each of the seven sites. In several However, because of significant, recent changes instances it was not practical to separate out in taxonomy, a summary of current nomencla- distinct natural communities due to the overlap ture is provided in Appendix A for ease of in extent and species, and these areas were comparison (Voss and Reznicek 2012). An combined as community complexes. These update of the FQA program is in progress, but is included rich and hardwood-conifer swamps and not yet complete.

Natural Features The Natural Heritage Database, maintained were specifically targeted during the meander by the Michigan Natural Features Inventory surveys. Documented occurrences were mapped (MNFI), was consulted for existing element as GPS points and displayed on a map for each occurrences (EOs) within the entire Beaver site. Shape files will be provided separately to Archipelago. All elements considered to have the Conservation Resource Alliance. Surveys potential for occurring within these sites were for rare birds are described in a separate section reviewed and noted (Table 1). These elements of this report.

Table 1. Rare plant and animal species targeted for survey in 2013. Species Common Name Global, State2, Associated Natural Community State Rank1 US3 Status types/habitats Adlumia fungosa climbing fumitory G3, S4 SC Great Lakes shores, thickets, mesic forests Amerorchis rotundifolia roundleaf orchid G5, S1 E rich conifer swamp Botrychium campestre dunewort G3G4, S2 T open dunes, old fields Bromus pumpellianus Pumpell’s brome G5T4, S2 T open dunes grass Calypso bulbosa calypso orchid G5, S2 T boreal forest, rich conifer swamp Carex richardsonii Richardson’s sedge G4, S3S4 SC alvar, limestone bedrock lakeshore, northern fen Carex scirpoidea bulrush sedge G5, S2 T coastal fen, limestone bedrock lakeshore, northern fen, alvar Cirsium pitcheri Pitcher’s thistle G3, S3 T, LT open dunes Cypripedium arietinum ram’s head orchid G3, S3 SC boreal forest, rich conifer swamp Drosera anglica English sundew G5, S3 SC coastal fen, northern fen Iris lacustris dwarf lake iris G3, S3 T, LT boreal forest, alvar, limestone bedrock l

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 3 Species Common Name Global, State2, Associated Natural Community State Rank1 US3 Status types/habitats Mimulus michiganensis Michigan monkey- G5T1, S1 E, LE rich conifer swamp flower Orobanche fasciculata fascicled broomrape G4, S2 T open dunes Panax quinquefolius ginseng G3G4, S2S3 T mesic northern forest Pinguicula vulgaris butterwort G5, S3 SC coastal fen, interdunal wetland, limestone bedrock lakeshore Ranunculus cymbalaria Seaside crowfoot G5,S1 T damp shores, boggy shores Solidago houghtonii Houghton’s G3, S3 T, LT alvar, interdunal wetland, limestone goldenrod cobble shore, coastal fen, northern fen, open dunes Scirpus torreyi Torrey’s bulrush G5?, S2S3 SC intermittent wetlands, lake margins Stellaria longipes stitchwort G5, S2 SC open dunes Tanacetum huronense Lake Huron tansy G5T4T5, S3 T open dunes, limestone cobble shore, wooded dune and swale Trimerotropis huroniana Lake Huron locust G2G3, S2Se T open dunes 1NatureServe Global and State Ranks: G1, S1-most imperiled; G5, S5-least imperiled. 2State status abbreviation: E, state endangered; T, state threatened; SC, state species of special concern. 3US/Federal status abbreviation: LE, legally endangered, LT, legally threatened.

Invasive Plant Inventory Surveys for invasive species were conducted The area and density categories are shown in simultaneously with the FAQ and natural Table 3 and are based on protocols established features surveys and targeted the species shown by the Michigan Department of Natural in Table 2. Occurrences were documented by Resources (MDNR) Parks Stewardship Program mapping their location with a GPS point and (Clancy and Palmgren 2013) and subsequently indicating the area (extent) and abundance of adopted by the Midwest Invasive Species each infestation using standardized drop-down Information Network (MISIN) and many menus. conservation partners.

Table 2. Invasive species targeted for survey during 2013. Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Alliaria petiolata garlic mustard Melilolotis spp. sweet clovers Berberis thunbergii Japanese barberry Pastinaca sativa water parsnip Celastrus orbiculatus Oriental bittersweet Phalaris arundinacea reed canary grass Centaurea maculosa spotted knapweed Phragmites australis subsp. phragmites (non-native) australis Cirsium palustre European swamp thistle Pinus sylvestris scotch pine Cornilla varia crown vetch Polygonum cuspidatum Japanese knotweed Elaeagnus umbellata autumn olive Populus nigra lombardy poplar Elymus arenaria blue lyme grass Pueraria lobata kudzu Galium odoratum sweet woodruff Rhamnus cathartica common buckthorn Gallium mullugo false baby’s-breath Rhamnus frangula glossy buckthorn Gypsophila paninculata baby’s-breath Robinia pseudo-acacia black locust Hypericum perforatum common St.John’s wort Rosa multiflora multiflora rose Linaria dalmatian Dalmatian toadflax Silene vulgaris bladder campion Lonicera morrowii. Morrow’s honeysuckle Torilis japonica Japanese hedge parsley Lonicera tatarica tartarian honeysuckle Typha angustifolia narrow-leaved cat-tail Lythrum salicaria purple loosestrife Vincetoxicum nigrum black swallow-wort Lonicera Xbella hybrid honeysuckle Vincetoxicum rossicum pale swallow-wort

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 4 Table 3 Size and density codes used for mapping invasive species occurrences. Area Density Code Area Description Code Density Description 1 Individual/few/several 1 Sparse (scattered individual stems or very small stands) 2 less than 1,000 square feet 2 Patchy (mix of sparse and dense areas) 3 1,000 ft2 to 0.5 acre 3 Dense (greater than 40% of the area) 4 0.5 acre to 1 acre 4 Monoculture (nearly 100% of area) 5 greater than 1 acre

Culturally Significant Species The list of culturally significance species were noted prior to surveys. GPS points were developed through the Little Traverse Bay mapped for any discrete, uncommon Bands of Odawa Indians Native Plant Initiative occurrences. It was impractical to map the more (Pilette 2009, Appendix B) was reviewed and commonly distributed species and these were species with potential to occur at the survey sites captured in the FQA species lists for each site.

Breeding Bird Surveys Surveys were conducted using methods Call playback surveys were also conducted similar to those used in studies to estimate at six locations on the island where rare birds breeding bird densities (Reynolds 1995, Johnson had previously been documented to assess their et al. 2000). Twenty-nine point count locations current status (Table 4). These surveys were were established in the survey sites as shown in conducted in suitable habitat at Barney’s Lake, Figures 2-7. Surveys were conducted once Greene’s Lake, Font Lake, Lake Geneserath, during the breeding season from June 10 to June Miller’s marsh and at the communication tower 14. Surveys at each point count sites were 10 on King’s Highway just south of Paid een Og’s min. long, following two minutes of silence, and Road. Suitable habitat for raptors also occurs at were conducted between 15 minutes before these sites and calls were played for both raptors sunrise and 1030 AM EST. Observers recorded and marsh birds. the date, survey start time, temperature, wind Surveys were not conducted for the piping speed, wind direction and cloud cover. Each plover during this study, since these surveys are individual bird observed during a survey was conducted by others. However, all survey sites recorded by species, gender (if known), distance were assessed for potential habitat. from the observer, estimated flight height (if applicable), and other pertinent comments.

Table 4: Previously documented rare bird occurrences in the Natural Heritage Database. Scientific Name Common Name Global1, State, US.3 Sites State Rank2 Status Botaurus lentiginosus American bittern G4, S3S4 SC Font Lake Charadrius melodus4 Piping plover G3, S1 E/LE Sucker Point, McCauley Point, Greene's Bay, Donegal Bay, Gallinula chloropus Common moorhen G5, S3 T Greene's Lake Gavia immer Common loon G5, S3S4 T Barney's Lake, Greene’s Lake, Font Lake, Lake Geneserath Haliaeetus Bald eagle G5, S4 SC Cornelius’ Swamp, Miller’s Marsh leucocephalus Falco columbarius Merlin G5, S1S2 T Eagle Bay 1NatureServe Global and State Ranks: G1, S1-most imperiled; G5, S5-least imperiled. 2State status abbreviation: E, state endangered; T, state threatened; SC, state species of special concern. 3US/Federal status abbreviation: LE, legally endangered, LT, legally threatened.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 5

Figure 2. Breeding bird point count sites Petritz Preserve.

Figure 3. Breeding bird point count sites at Little Sand Bay Preserve.

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Figure 4. Breeding bird point count sites at the Conn’s Cove/Lucas/Barrett/Plumert properties.

Figure 5. Breeding bird point count sites at Erber Preserve.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 7

Figure 6. Breeding bird point count sites at the Haveman/Roberts Easements.

Figure 7. Breeding bird point count sites at Barney’s Lake Preserve.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 8 Results and Discussion Floristic Quality Assessments Twenty-four occurrences of natural and as 25 in Conn’s Cove/Lucas/Barrett/Plumert old anthropogenic communities or community fields. Native FQIs ranged similarly from the complexes, representing ten community types, low-fifties in the highest quality rich/hardwood- were documented during surveys. These conifer and shore complexes, to the mid-teens included old fields (OF), mostly second growth for the least diverse old fields. The number of mesic northern forests (MNF), second growth non-native species captured in each community dry-mesic northern forest (DMNF), bogs, a ranged from a high of 41 in the old fields of northern fen, large complexes of rich conifer Little Sand Bay to only three at the Barney’s (cedar) and hardwood-conifer swamp (R/HCS), Lake bogs. Non-native species include both dunes, and extensive calcareous shorelines invasive species and weedy species that pose a comprised primarily of coastal fen and sand and lesser threat. These data are summarized across gravel beach (shores). the survey sites in tables 5-8 below. The The total number of native species for each complete FQAs for each site are provided in community or complex ranged from high of 144 Appendix C. in the Little Sand Bay swamp complex to as low

Table 5. Summary of native FQIs, by survey site and community type. Community MNF DMNF R/HCS Dunes Shores Bog Fen OF Petritz Preserve 33.7 40.0 34.7 Little Sand Bay Preserve 31.1 53.4 42.2 51.2 22.7 Conn's Cove and Easements 51.0 54.8 16.3 Erber Preserve 32.4 24.4 31.5 Haveman/Roberts Easement 39.4 28.3 31.3 37.4 40.8 Barney's Lake Preserve East 37.1 45.2 41.8 16.5 Trout Island 30.5

Table 6. Summary of total FQIs with non-native species, by survey site and community type. Community MNF DMNF R/HCS Dunes Shores Bog Fen OF Petritz Preserve 27.9 38.2 32.6

Little Sand Bay Preserve 28.7 50.5 39.7 46.2 17.1 Conn's Cove and Easements 47.4 50.1 11.9 Erber Preserve 26.9 20.1 28.8

Haveman/Roberts Easement 33.9 23.6 29.0 32.7 36.7

Barney's Lake Preserve East 34.5 44.7 38.3 11.7 Trout Island 25.2

Table 7. Summary of total number of native species, by site and community type. Community MNF DMNF R/HCS Dunes Shores Bog Fen OF Petritz Preserve 64 69 52 Little Sand Bay Preserve 58 144 54 114 55 Conn's Cove and Easements 130 110 27 Erber Preserve 66 31 59 Haveman/Roberts Easement 97 50 48 58 75 Barney's Lake Preserve East 88 88 76 33 Trout Island 63

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 9 Table 8. Summary of total number of non-native species, by site and community type. Community MNF DMNF R/HCS Dunes Shores Bog Fen Field Petritz Preserve 31 11 9 Little Sand Bay Preserve 10 18 7 28 41 Conn's Cove and Easements 22 24 25 Erber Preserve 31 16 14 Haveman/Roberts Easement 34 22 8 18 20 Barney's Lake Preserve East 14 3 17 33 Trout Island 30

Native FQI values are influenced by the many of the same conservative species and thus total number of species at a site and the number a comparatively high native FQI. of species with high C values. C values are a The dunes at Petritz and Little Sand Bay measure of a plant’s fidelity to specific natural Preserves and the Haveman/Roberts easement habitat (conservatism), ranging from zero to ten, had relatively high native FQIs due to the with high values indicating greater fidelity to presence of a suite of species with strict natural habitat and low values indicating more association to natural dunes. Among these are general habitat requirements. Sites with FQIs several listed species, including Pitcher’s thistle, greater than 35 are generally believed to be of Lake Huron tansy and butterwort. The lower statewide significance (Herman et al. 1991). FQI of Erber Preserve dunes reflects its much Direct comparisons between different smaller size and proximity to roads. Similarly, community types, are not strictly appropriate. the native FQIs for the bogs and fen at Barney’s Different communities are characterized by Lake Preserve East reflect the presence of different ecological conditions with different species with high fidelity to these communities, suites and numbers of characteristic species, and including leatherleaf, bog rosemary, cotton thus have different baseline FQIs. Comparisons grass, and pitcher plant. are best made between similar community types The native FQIs of Little Sand Bay and or complexes. Erber mesic northern forests were unremarkable, The high values at the swamp complexes reflecting their size and use. The higher values and shores of Little Sand Bay Preserve and the of the Haveman/Roberts and Barney’s Lake Conn’s Cove /Lucas/Barrett/Plumert properties mesic forests reflect their larger size and are reflective of the size and connectivity of the contiguity. A component of the Haveman/ sites as well as the diversity represented by Roberts property is a mesic northern forest intergrading natural community types. These element occurrence in the MNFI Natural swamps included both rich and hardwood- Heritage Database. This area has numerous old conifer swamp with many blow downs, creating trees with dbh’s ranging from 38 to 99 inches, a diversity of microhabitats. The shore and pit and mound topography, providing complexes included coastal fen and sand and increased structural and microhabitat diversity. gravel beach, resulting in greater species Intensive surveys earlier in the spring are likely richness. Also, both the swamp and shore to uncover addition species in these forests complexes have high numbers of conservative including several common culturally significant species. Many of these, such as Kalm’s lobelia, species that were not documented in 2013 Kalm’s St. John's wort, beak-rush, primrose, and surveys (page 21). twigrush have C values of ten, indicating strict All FQIs decreased when non-native species fidelity to natural habitat. The lower native FQI were added, as would be expected. However, of the Haveman/Roberts rich conifer swamp nine still remain above the benchmark of 35. reflects its’ considerably smaller size and close These include Petritz dunes; Little Sand Bay proximity to roads and trails. However, the R/HCS, Dune, and Shores; Conn’s Cove R/HCS Haveman/ Roberts shore, while also smaller, and shores, Haveman/Roberts shores; and encompasses a rich pocket of coastal fen with Barney’s Lake bogs and fen.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 10 Natural Features Eleven element occurrences representing survey during carefully selected time windows, seven rare species and one natural community they could be found, since apparently suitable were documented during surveys and are habitat is present. Additional dedicated surveys summarized in Table 9. These include three for all three species are recommended to more occurrences of state and federal threatened definitively establish their presence or absence Pitcher’s thistle, four occurrences of state on the preserves. threatened Lake Huron tansy, one occurrence of Most of the 21 known state records for special concern butterwort, state and federal Pumpbell’s bromegrass are dated prior to 2000 endangered Michigan monkey flower, climbing (MNFI 2013) and updated information is fumitory and mesic northern forest. Natural needed. It is an easy to miss this grass, communities must meet specific NatureServe particularly when the population is small. criteria to achieve element occurrence status, Surveys are best conducted during flowering in such as size, structure and composition, June to locate potential plants and later in July landscape context and threats. and August to confirm identification using the The Pitchers’ thistle, Lake Huron tansy and fruit. butterwort occurrences are currently thriving, Many occurrences of Lake Huron locust are however, they are at risk from significant known statewide and it has been recently invasions of spotted knapweed, bladder documented at smaller dune sites than campion, hawkweed (Hieracium piloselloides) previously considered likely (Higman et al. and Canada bluegrass. The latter two species 2012). It could persist at Erber Preserve where were not among those targeted; however, they it was last observed in 1998. It is also possible are quite abundant in all the dunes surveyed. that it occurs at Petritz Preserve or even the Invasion by sweet clover is also an emerging Haveman/Roberts site. concern. Seaside crowfoot was documented a fair The Michigan monkey flower has migrated distance east of Barney’s Lake in 1957 and only substantially from its original location along one other occurrence has ever been reported in stream edges within the Little Sand Bay swamp Michigan—in Gogebic County in 1960 (MNFI complex. Although some plants were observed 2013). The little habitat information available deep within the swamp in 2013, the majority of suggests that this species occurs in boggy the population was observed along the stream shores, which are present on the north and edges out in the open dune area. This is most southeast corner of Barney’s Lake Preserve. likely due to the closing of the canopy where it These should be scoured during July and was originally abundant. Its current location is August, as this would be a highly significant shading in by shrub and sapling growth along finding. the stream and close monitoring is An occurrence of climbing fumitory was recommended to assess whether active documented on Trout Island along the path from management will be required to sustain it. the runway to the landowner’s house. This is Intensive survey in the interior of the R/HCS at one of only 11 state occurrences observed post- Little Sand Bay is also recommended as a small 1980. Twenty one records were reported prior interior patch of monkey flower was observed, to that, seven of which are from the 1800s. and there may be others. This is one of only Renewed efforts to document its current status sixteen occurrences of this Michigan endemic in statewide are warranted. This species has the world. Surveys could be conducted historically thrived on northern Michigan rocky simultaneously with treatment of European island shores and surveys of the remainder of swamp thistle that is widely scattered within the Trout Island are recommended to determine the interior as well. full extent of the population. Previously documented occurrences of No new natural community EOs were Pumpell’s bromegrass, Lake Huron locust, and documented, however, the coastal fens on the seaside crowfoot were not observed in 2013; shores of the Conn’s Cove/Lucas/Barrett/ however it is possible that with more intensive Plumert properties are under consideration for

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 11 EO status. They will be reviewed in relation to All previously documented occurrences and the NatureServe specified criteria and compared those confirmed during this study are shown in with other known state occurrences of this type. Figures 8-14.

Table 9. Occurrences of rare species and natural communities on Little Traverse Bay Preserves and Conservation Easements surveyed in 2013. Scientific Name Common Name Global1, State, Fed3. Preserves and Easements State2 Rank Status where documented Adlumia fungosa climbing fumitory G3, S4 SC Trout Island - new Bromus pumpellianus* Pumpell’s bromegrass G5T4, S2 T Petritz (1999) Cirsium pitcheri Pitcher’s thistle G3, S3 T, LT Petritz, Little Sand Bay Mimulus michiganensis Michigan monkey G5T1, S1 E, LE Little Sand Bay flower Pinguicula vulgaris butterwort G5, S3 SC Little Sand Bay Ranunculus cymbalaria* seaside crowfoot G5, S1 T Barney’s Lake East (1957) Tanacetum huronense Lake Huron tansy G5T4T5, S3 T Petritz, Little Sand Bay, Erber Trimerotropis huroniana* Lake Huron locust G5T4T5, S3 T Erber (1998) Mesic northern forest beech-maple forests S3 EO4 Haveman/Roberts 1NatureServe Global and State Ranks: G1, S1-most imperiled; G5, S5-least imperiled. 2State status abbreviation: E, state endangered; T, state threatened; SC, state species of special concern. 3US/Federal status abbreviation: LE, legally endangered, LT, legally threatened. 4Element occurrence in the NatureServe Natural Heritage Database *Not reconfirmed during this study.

Invasive Plant Inventory Eleven targeted and three non-target within the R/HCS complexes. This species invasive species of concern were documented requires thoughtful attention. during surveys (Table 10, Figures 8-14.). Sweet clover was mapped at five sites Single, isolated small occurrences of Oriental including a particularly large infestation along bittersweet and tartarian honeysuckle and the spit and eastern shores of Petritz Preserve. several isolated occurrences of autumn olive Although not yet widespread on the Island, were found in the old fields of Little Sand Bay. significant infestations of this rapid colonizer Narrow-leaved cat-tail was observed at Little were also observed at Gull Harbor and Donegal Sand Bay and the Haveman/ Roberts Easement. Bay. Aggressive control is encouraged before it A large occurrence of wild parsnip was also spreads further. Upland openings, dunes and documented on the north side of Trout Island. calcareous shores are particularly vulnerable. All of these infestations are recommended for Spotted knapweed, common St. John’s wort, immediate treatment. and bladder campion were widespread, Only seven small occurrences of invasive particularly in old fields, trails and the coastal phragmites were documented which is a zone. St. John’s wort was also ubiquitous in testament to the remarkable success of the open woodlands, however it was sparsely phragmites treatment initiative for the islands. distributed. Tactics for treating these Several patches of native phragmites were also widespread species will require thoughtful documented at Barney’s Lake near the main consideration and should only be undertaken access point. Reed canary grass was mapped where it is feasible and important, so that frequently along the shores and scattered deep resources aren’t wasted.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 12 bladder campion common St. John’s wort

Figure 8. Natural features and invasive plants documented at Petritz Preserve.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 13 narrow-leaved cat-tail bladder campion

common St. John’s wort

Oriental bittersweet

Figure 9. Natural features and invasive plants documented at Little Sand Bay Preserve in 2013.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 14 narrow-leaved cat-tail

bladder campion

common St. John’s wort

Figure 10. Natural features and invasive plants documented at the Conn’s Cove/Lucas/Barrett Plumert properties in 2013.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 15 bladder campion

common St. John’s wort

narrow-leaved cat-tail

Figure 11. Natural features and invasive plants documented at Erber Preserve in 2013.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 16 coltsfoot

common St. John’s wort

Figure 12. Natural features and invasive plants documented at the Haveman/Roberts easement properties in 2013.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 17 bladder campion common St. John’s wort

native phragmites spotted knapweed

Figure 13. Natural features and invasive plants documented at Barney’s Lake Preserve East in 2013.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 18 wild parsnip

common St. John’s wort spotted knapweed

Figure 14. Natural features and invasive plants documented at the Trout Island easement in 2013.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 19 European swamp thistle was documented and time required to systematically traverse frequently along the shores and occasionally in these dense swamps strewn with blow downs. the swamps and mesic northern forests. But the pattern of distribution as isolated Although not on the target list, Canada and bull occurrences deep within the swamps was clear, thistle were frequently observed at the same particularly for European swamp thistle. Basal locations. High densities of these three thistles rosettes were nearly always present in the were observed at several phragmites treatment vicinity of the flowering plants. It will require sites at the south end of the Island. It is critical systematic sweep surveys through the swamps to to take note of this secondary invasion detect and treat the majority of occurrences. phenomenon, as it was observed at many A single occurrence of another non-targeted treatment sites on the mainland as well. species, coltsfoot (Tussilgo farfara), was Treatment plans should endeavor to recognize documented on the spit of exposed bottomlands and prepare for secondary post-treatment extending into Lake Michigan from the Roberts invasions by other species. property. This species is of concern, due to its Isolated occurrences of the thistles along the ability to rapidly colonize and spread, and is shoreline will be relatively easy to treat, being actively treated elsewhere in Michigan however occurrences within the swamps will be (Christensen pers. com). This is the only known more difficult and time-consuming. Certainly occurrence of this species reported for the not all of these interior occurrences were Island, and nipping it in the bud is recommended documented in this study, due to the difficulty as a high priority.

Table 10. Invasive species mapped on LTB’s preserves and easements on Beaver Island during 2013. Scientific Name Common Name Where Documented Celastrus orbiculatus Oriental bittersweet Little Sand Bay Centaurea maculosa spotted knapweed All preserves and easements Cirsium arvense Canada thistle Petritz, Little Sand Bay, Erber, Haveman/Roberts, Barney’s Lake East, Trout Cirsium palustre European swamp thistle Petritz, Little Sand Bay, Haveman/Roberts, Barney’s Lake East, Trout Island Cirsium vulgare bull thistle Petritz, Little Sand Bay, Erber, Haveman/Roberts, Barney’s Lake East, Trout Elaeagnus umbellata autumn olive Little Sand Bay Hypericum perforatum common St.John’s wort All preserves and easements Lonicera tatarica tartarian honeysuckle Little Sand Bay Melilotis spp. sweet clovers Petritz, Haveman/Roberts, Barney’s Lake East, Pastinaca sativa water parsnip Trout Island Phalaris arundinacea reed canary grass All preserves and easements Phragmites autstralis phragmites (non-native) All preserves and easements Silene vulgaris bladder campion All preserves and easements Typha angustifolia narrow-leaved cat-tail Little Sand Bay, Haveman/Roberts

Culturally Significant Species The majority of the 81 culturally significant wild rice, sweetflag, red elm, white water lily, plants (Appendix B) occur commonly in the and yellow birch. A single occurrence of natural communities documented during sweetgrass was found at Little Sand Bay along surveys. Thirteen species were not observed at the edge of the stream by the main path. It was any of the targeted preserves or easements in growing in close proximity to Michigan monkey 2013, including basswood, blue cohosh, flower, where the stream emerges from the highbush cranberry, maidenhair fern, sweet fern, hardwood-conifer swamp (Figure 9). trout lily, wild bergamot, witch hazel, northern

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 20 Of the species not observed in 2013, least in high numbers, or most likely they would highbush cranberry, sweet fern, witch hazel, have been reported. The others not observed in slippery elm, sweetflag, and wild rice are within 2013, such as maidenhair fern, trout lily, yellow in range, but have not been formally birch or wild bergamot, are quite likely to be documented on the Island in the Michigan Flora found with additional surveys. All of these and (2013). Since these are all well-known species, the sweetgrass should be targeted in future it is not probable that they occur on the Island, at surveys.

Breeding Bird Surveys Two hundred and eighty three individuals documented during surveys to 59. Appendix D representing 57 different species were observed lists all of these birds and their locations. during breeding bird point counts, with a mean Eight species of greatest conservation need number of 47 individuals observed per site. (SGCN) were also observed including the Twenty one birds were recorded at the six Northern parula, Eastern towhee, Brown thrasher, additional call playback survey sites. Only one Killdeer, Least flycatcher, Northern flicker, Sora, of the targeted rare species, the state threatened and Wilson’s snipe (Table 11). SGCN are Common loon, was heard or observed at these designated by the Michigan Department of stations. Two additional species, the state Natural Resources (MDNR), Wildlife Division special concern Osprey and the non-listed and are defined as wildlife species with small or hooded merganser, were observed at two of the declining populations or other characteristics that call stations, bringing the total number of birds make them vulnerable.

Table 11. Listed and SGCN birds observed or heard during point count and call playback surveys. Species1 Status2 Location Species Status Location Bald eagle SC Barney's Lake Least flycatcher SGCN Erber Brown Thrasher SGCN Little Sand Bay Northern flicker SGCN Haveman/Roberts Caspian tern T Petritz Preserve Northern parula SGCN Little Sand Bay Common loon T Barney's Lake, Font Lake, Osprey SC Cell Tower Green’s Lake, Lake Geneserath Miller’s Marsh Eastern towhee SGCN Little Sand Bay Sora SGCN Barney's Lake Killdeer SGCN Erber Wilson's snipe SGCN Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay 1Names of birds follow the AOU checklist of North American Birds. 2SC: State special concern; T: State threatened; SGCN: Species of greatest conservation need

The five most abundant bird groups observed Eleven species of warblers were were warblers, followed by corvids, thrushes, documented in the project area including the vireos, and finally gulls and terns (Table 12). The Northern parula which is a SCGN. This species warblers, thrushes and vireos are often associated was heard singing at the Little Sand Bay with intact forested areas located near lakes or Preserve, along the main trail leading to Lake wetlands. The forest interior warbler species were Michigan. The trail winds through mixed diverse and no invasive birds, such as Brown- coniferous forest and crosses a stream. Northern headed Cowbird, were detected. In heavily parula is relatively uncommon in Michigan’s fragmented and disturbed areas invasive species Lower Peninsula and is associated with northern tend to be common and can negatively impact coniferous forests; particularly areas with nesting productivity of the native forest interior hanging Usnea lichen or “old man’s beard”; a species. The paucity of invasive species is crucial component for supporting its well- consistent with the quality of forest and wetland concealed hanging nests. Optimal habitat is bird habitat. thought to include humid areas in mature eastern

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 21 hemlock or balsam fir forests; however, northern sensitive to acid precipitation and air pollution hardwood forest, northern white cedar swamps, and its decline is suspected to be a cause for mesic mixed forests and wet coniferous areas substantial population declines in the northeast with black spruce and tamarack are also used. (Brewer et al. 1991). As with most lichens, Usnea is extremely

Table 12. Mean abundance of breeding birds. Data were collected during breeding in June 2013 at 29 point count sites at 6 locations. Group Mean Abundance1 Group Mean Abundance 1 Blackbirds 3.17 Raptors 0.17 Cardinals, Grosbeaks & Allies 2.33 Shorebirds 0.17 Catbirds/Mockingbirds 0.17 Sparrows 3.00 Chickadees/ Nuthatches 1.67 Swallows/Martins 0.17 Corvids 5.00 Thrushes 4.33 Cranes 0.33 Vireos 4.0 Finches 0.33 Warblers 9.5 Flycatchers 1.50 Waterfowl 2.33 Grouse, Quail and Allies 0.50 Woodpeckers 1.17 Gulls/Terns 3.83 Wren 1.17 Loons 0.33 1Mean abundance = mean number of individuals observed per survey location

A pair of the state threatened osprey was documented nesting on the communication tower on King’s Highway (Figure 15). Local residents commented that a pair has nested there for several years. The island provides ample foraging habitat, although the creation of additional nesting platforms would likely attract more osprey to the island. The landowners north of Conn’s Cove Preserve are interested in exploring the potential of having a nesting platform constructed on their property near the lake. The coastal wetland which occurs in this area may provide excellent nesting and foraging habitat. The MDNR-WD can provide advice and input on the feasibility of this idea, as they have supervised the building of platforms in many areas of the state. Wetland bird SGCN that were observed or responded to the taped playback calls include the Sora which was heard on two occasions along the marshy edge at Barney’s Lake and the Wilson’s snipe which was observed flying and calling in the vicinity of a lakeshore pool at the northeast corner of Conn’s Cove preserve. Both of these birds, although not rare, are threatened by modification of their wetland habitat. Figure 15. An osprey sitting on a nest at the communication tower.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 22 In spite of extensive suitable habitat and ample suitable habitat. However, in recent numerous playback calls, northern goshawk and years, nesting at Barney’s Lake has been red-shouldered hawk, were not documented threatened by mute swans (Neils 2012). during call surveys. A bird which sounded like The state special concern bald eagle was a red-shouldered hawk was heard calling at also observed perched on a snag at Barney’s Miller’s Marsh, but was not confirmed by Lake. It is assumed that the eagle was feeding observation. It could likely have been a blue jay here although it is possible that it nests in the imitating the red-shouldered hawk’s call. Further vicinity as well. The state threatened Caspian surveys in the early spring during nesting are tern was observed hunting along the shore at the recommended to determine if either of these Petritz Preserve. In the Great Lakes, Caspian raptors nest on Beaver Island. Previously terns nest in pristine habitat on open, pebble, documented state special concern American gravel, or sandy beach islands. The closest bittern and state threatened Common moorhen documented Caspian tern nesting areas are in the were also not documented during call playback vicinity of High Island and Hat Island. surveys. They may be found in future surveys, The restoration and continued protection of as suitable habitat is present. the Little Traverse Conservancy Preserves and The state threatened common loon was properties with conservation easements provides observed at Barney’s Lake, Font Lake, Greene’s habitat for a diversity of species especially Lake and Lake Geneserath, where it has nested guilds of woodland warblers and other songbirds historically and also heard at Miller’s marsh. as well as waterfowl, loons, raptors, terns and Local residents confirmed that the loons marsh birds associated with wetlands and lakes. regularly nest at these locations and there is

Conclusions and Recommendations The preserves and conservation easements flora of the mesic northern forests, potential rare held by The Little Traverse Conservancy on orchids in the R/HCSs and nesting raptors. Beaver Island harbor substantial biodiversity, Special attention should be paid to the Haveman/ including many rare and vulnerable species. Roberts mesic northern forest element This study documents many of them and occurrence. Dedicated surveys for the identifies the major community types present previously documented Pumpell’s bromegrass, along with a general measure of their Lake Huron locust and seaside crowfoot are composition and quality, as determined by the recommended as are surveys targeting the state FQAs. The FQA’s can be used to generally special concern English sundew in the coastal compare similar community types or a single fens. Further survey of Barney’s Lake bogs are community over time by contrasting the number warranted to better capture the landscape context of species, which species are present, their and complete flora. Navigation was difficult in physiognomic breakdown, and the number of both bogs and particularly treacherous in the one non-native and invasive species. They do not, in the southeast corner of the preserve. More however, provide abundance data, which will be survey time is likely to result in additional an important consideration for some purposes. species. They are also never perfect or complete, More thorough surveys of the interior of particularly in one season’s effort, as surveyors Little Sand Bay and the Conn’s Cove/Lucas/ can never be at all sites or at once or cover every Barrett/Plumert swamps to document the full square foot of terrain to capture every species. extent of the Michigan monkey flower could By reviewing the first year’s data, likely species improve our understanding of the population that were missed can be targeted in the dynamics of this vulnerable species. If following year. treatment of European swamp thistle is Several additional surveys are recommended undertaken in these swamps, surveys for the to improve these baseline data. These include monkey flower could be accomplished at the early spring surveys to better capture the spring same time.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 23 The invasive species surveys provide a developing overall prioritization strategies and pretty good picture of the status of invasions on treatment strategies for those species that are the preserves. There are scattered occurrences challenging, such as the Eurasian swamp thistle of priority species on the shores, occasional in the swamps or abundant spotted knapweed isolated occurrences of species that are rare, amidst desired native species. Treatment species that are widespread in particular habitats planning should also endeavor to recognize and and the elusive thistles that seem to turn up prepare for potential secondary post-treatment everywhere, even the deep swamp. Further invasions by other species. Further study of the surveys are not likely to be productive unless impacts of species we know little about, such as specific treatment is planned, as the benefit of bladder campion or hawkweeds, would also be survey without treatment does not likely useful. outweigh the cost. Time is better spent on

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 23 References Brewer, R., G.A. McPeek, and R.J. Adams, 2012. Garden Island Rare Species and Jr. 1991. The Atlas of Breeding Invasive Plant Survey. Michigan Natural Birds ofMichigan. Michigan State Features Inventory, Report Number 2012- University Press. East Lansing, MI. 02. Lansing, MI. 40 pp plus 3 appendices. CardnoJFNew. 2012. Beaver Island Higman, P. J., M.R. Penskar, Y. Lee, M.A. Archipelago Invasive Species Control Final Sanders, D.L. Cuthrell, and R.L. Rogers. Report. Prepared for The Nature 2012. High Island Rare Species and Conservancy. 25 pp. Invasive Plant Survey. Michigan Natural Christensen, R. 2013. Personal communication. Features Inventory, Report Number 2012- Grand Traverse Conservation District. 03. Lansing, MI. 30 pp. plus 3 appendices. Traverse City, MI. Higman, P.H. and S.L. Campbell. 2009. Clancy, B. and G. Palmgren. 2011. Personal Meeting the Challenge of Invasive Plants: A Communication. DNR Parks Division. Framework for Action. Michigan Natural Grassmick, P. 2012. Personal communication. Features Inventory Report #2009-11. 35 pp. Beaver Island, Michigan. http://mnfi.anr.msu.edu/education/Invasives DNREStrategicPlan.pdf Henson, B.L., D.T. Kraus, M.J. McMurtry and D.N. Ewert. 2010. Islands of Life: A Holmgren. N.H. 1998. Illustrated Companion to Biodiversity and Conservation Atlas of the Gleason and Cronquist’s Manual. The New Great Lakes Islands. Nature Conservancy of York Botanical Garden. New York, NY. Canada. 154pp.Herman, K.D., L.A. Masters, Howard, S. 2013. The Beaver Island Initiative; M.R. Penskar, A.A. Reznicek, G.S. Management Recommendations: 2013-2014 Wilhelm, W.W. Brodovich, and K.P. Johnson G. D., W. P. Erickson, M. D. Gardiner. 2001. Floristic quality assessment Strickland, M. F. Shepherd and D. A. with wetland categories and examples of Shepherd. 2000. Avian Monitoring Studies computer applications for the State of at The Buffalo Ridge, Minnesota Wind Michigan – Revised, 2nd Edition. Michigan Resource Area: Results of a 4-Year Study. Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife, Technical report prepared for Northern Natural Heritage Program. Lansing, MI. 19 States Power Company, 414 Nicollet Mall, pp. + appendices. 8th Floor Minneapolis, Minnesota 55401. http://www.michigandnr.com/publications/p MICHIGAN FLORA ONLINE. A.A. Reznicek, dfs/huntingwildlifehabitat/FQA.pdf E.G. Voss, & B.S. Walters. February 2011. Higman, P.J. 2008. Early Detection and University of Michigan Web. 11-3-2013. Outreach for Phragmites in Grand Traverse http://michiganflora.net/changes.aspx. Bay. Project funded by a NFWF Sustain our Michigan Natural Features Inventory. 2007. Great Lakes Grant. Northwest Lower Rare Species Explorer (Web Application). Michigan. Available online at Higman, P.J. 2009. Restoration of Coastal http://mnfi.anr.msu.edu/explorer Wetlands by Early Detection and Treatment [Accessed October 2013] of Phragmites. Project funded by a USFWS Midwest Invasive Species Information Network. grant. Northwest Lower Michigan and 2013. http://www.misin.msu.edu/ Eastern Upper Peninsula. NatureServe. 2012. Natural Heritage Higman, P.J. 2010. Early Detection and Methodology: Supporting Interoperability Treatment of Great Lakes Phragmites. within the NatureServe Network Project funded by a NFWF, Sustain our http://www.natureserve.org/prodServices/he Great Lakes grant. Northeast Lower ritagemethodology.jsp (accessed 4-20-12). Michigan. Northwest Michigan Invasive Species Network. Higman, P.J., M.R. Penskar, Y. Lee, M.A. 2012:. http://natureiscalling.org/invasive/ Sanders, D.L. Cuthrell, and R.L. Rogers.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 23 Niles, O. 2012. Island dweller. Personal Reynolds, R.T., J.M. Scott, and R.A. Nussbuam. Communication 1980. A variable circular-plot methods Pilette, J. 2009. Little Traverse Bay Bands of for estimating bird numbers. Condor Odawa Indians Native Plants Initiative. 82:309-313. Report from Little Traverse Bay Bands of Voss, E.G., and A.A. Reznicek. 2012. Field Odawa Indians, Environmental Services manual of Michigan flora. University of Department for Conservation Resource Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI. Alliance. 50 pp.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page 24 Appendix A.

Recent Taxonomic Changes

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 1

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 2 Genera in Michigan Flora whose family assignments here changed Genus Family New Family Acer Aceraceae Sapindaceae Acorus Araceae Acoraceae Adlumia Fumariaceae Papaveraceae Aesculus Hippocastanaceae Sapindaceae Agalinis (incl. Tomanthera) Scrophulariaceae Orobanchaceae Aletris Liliaceae Melanthiaceae Allium Liliaceae Alliaceae Anagallis Primulaceae Myrsinaceae Anticlea (see Zigadenus) Liliaceae Melanthiaceae Antirrhinum Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Arceuthobium Viscaceae Santalaceae Asclepias Asclepiadaceae Apocynaceae Asparagus Liliaceae Asparagaceae Atriplex Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae Aureolaria Scrophulariaceae Orobanchaceae Besseya Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Beta Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae Brasenia Nymphaeaceae Cabombaceae Buchnera Scrophulariaceae Orobanchaceae Buddleja Buddlejaceae Scrophulariaceae Cabomba Nymphaeaceae Cabombaceae Callitriche Callitrichaceae Plantaginaceae Camassia Liliaceae Hyacinthaceae Castilleja Scrophulariaceae Orobanchaceae Celtis Ulmaceae Cannabaceae Chaenorrhinum Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Chamaelirium Liliaceae Melanthiaceae Chelone Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Chenopodium Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae Chimaphila Pyrolaceae Ericaceae Claytonia Portulacaceae Montiaceae Cleome Capparaceae Cleomaceae Clintonia Liliaceae Convallariaceae Collinsia Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Convallaria Liliaceae Convallariaceae Corispermum Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae Corydalis Fumariaceae Papaveraceae Cuscuta Cuscutaceae Convolvulaceae Cycloloma Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 3 Cymbalaria Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Dasistoma Scrophulariaceae Orobanchaceae Dicentra Fumariaceae Papaveraceae Diervilla Caprifoliaceae Diervillaceae Digitalis Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Disporum (see Prosartes) Liliaceae Convallariaceae Dysphania (Chenopodium) Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae Ellisia Hydrophyllaceae Boraginaceae Empetrum Empetraceae Ericaceae Euphrasia Scrophulariaceae Orobanchaceae Fumaria Fumariaceae Papaveraceae Gratiola Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Hemerocallis Liliaceae Hemerocallidaceae Hippuris Hippuridaceae Plantaginaceae Hydrocotyle Apiaceae Araliaceae Hydrophyllum Hydrophyllaceae Boraginaceae Hypericum Clusiaceae Hypericaceae Hypoxis Amaryllidaceae Hypoxidaceae Kickxia Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Kochia Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae Kolkwitzia Caprifoliaceae Linnaeaceae Lemna Lemnaceae Araceae Leucospora Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Linaria Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Lindernia Scrophulariaceae Linderniaceae Linnaea Caprifoliaceae Linnaeaceae Lysimachia Primulaceae Myrsinaceae Maianthemum (incl. Smilacina) Liliaceae Convallariaceae

New Species added to the website March 2013 (24 total) Acalypha ostryifolia Eriochloa contracta Molinia caerulea Agastache rugosa Euphorbia serpens Napaea dioica Anemone blanda Exochorda racemosa Nicotiana alata Aralia spinosa Geranium sibiricum Pinus rigida Aronia arbutifolia Hibiscus syriacus Spiraea nipponica Arthraxon hispidus Hydrocotyle ranunculoides Spiraea prunifolia Chenopodium polyspermum Iris ×vinicolor Tripidium ravennae Cyperus iria Magnolia acuminata Viburnum sieboldii

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 4 Additions and Name Changes to Michigan Flora, Volumes 1-3 Acalypha gracilens — add Arabis laevigata — Boechera laevigata Acer campestre — add Arabis lyrata — Arabidopsis lyrata Acer ginnala — add Arabis missouriensis — Boechera missouriensis Acer nigrum — add (split from A. saccharum) Arabis perstellata — Boechera dentata Acinos arvensis — Clinopodium acinos Aralia elata — add Aconitum napellus — add Arenaria lateriflora — Moehringia lateriflora Acorus americanus — add (split from A. Arenaria macrophylla — Moehringia calamus) macrophylla Aegilops cylindrica — add Arenaria stricta — Minuartia michauxii Agropyron cristatum — add Aristolochia macrophylla — Isotrema Agropyron dasystachyum — Elymus lanceolatus macrophyllum Agropyron repens — Elymus repens Aristolochia serpentaria — Endodeca Agropyron smithii — Pascopyrum smithii serpentaria Agropyron spicatum — Pseudoroegneria spicata Armoracia aquatica — Rorippa aquatica Agropyron trachycaulum — Elymus Arnica lonchophylla — add trachycaulus Aster borealis — Symphyotrichum boreale Agrostis scabra — add (split from A. hyemalis) Aster brachyactis — Symphyotrichum ciliatum Agrostis tenuis — Agrostis capillaris Aster ciliolatus — Symphyotrichum ciliolatum Aira caryophyllea — add Aster cordifolius — Symphyotrichum Alisma plantago-aquatica — delete (split into A. cordifolium subcordatum & A. triviale) Aster dumosus — Symphyotrichum dumosum Alisma subcordatum — add (split from A. Aster ericoides — Symphyotrichum ericoides plantago-aquatica) Aster furcatus — Eurybia furcata Alisma triviale — add (split from A. plantago- Aster laevis — Symphyotrichum laeve aquatica) Aster lanceolatus — Symphyotrichum Allium burdickii — add (split from A. lanceolatum tricoccum) Aster lateriflorus — Symphyotrichum Allium tuberosum — add lateriflorum Alnus crispa — Alnus viridis Aster longifolius — Symphyotrichum Alnus rugosa — Alnus incana robynsianum Alopecurus geniculatus — add Aster macrophyllus — Eurybia macrophylla Alopecurus myosuroides — add Aster modestus — Canadanthus modestus Alyssum saxatile — Aurinia saxatilis Aster nemoralis — Oclemena nemoralis Amaranthus gracilis — Amaranthus viridis Aster novae-angliae — Symphyotrichum novae- Ampelopsis aconitifolia — add angliae Ampelopsis brevipedunculata — add Aster ontarionis — Symphyotrichum ontarionis Andropogon scoparius — Schizachyrium Aster oolentangiensis — Symphyotrichum scoparium oolentangiense Anemonella thalictroides — Thalictrum Aster paternus — Sericocarpus asteroides thalictroides Aster pilosus — Symphyotrichum pilosum Anthemis tinctoria — Cota tinctoria Aster praealtus — Symphyotrichum praealtum Apera interrupta — add Aster puniceus — Symphyotrichum puniceum Apera spica-venti — add Aster sagittifolius — Symphyotrichum Arabis canadensis — Boechera canadensis urophyllum Arabis divaricarpa — Boechera grahamii Aster sericeus — Symphyotrichum sericeum Arabis drummondii — Boechera stricta Aster shortii — Symphyotrichum shortii Arabis glabra — Turritis glabra Aster solidagineus — Sericocarpus linifolius Arabis hirsuta — Arabis pycnocarpa Aster subulatus — Symphyotrichum subulatum Arabis holboellii — Boechera retrofracta Aster umbellatus — Doellingeria umbellata

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 5 Atriplex prostrata — add (split from A. patula) Carex convoluta — Carex rosea Barbarea stricta — add Carex duriuscula — add Belamcanda chinensis — Iris domestica Carex echinodes — add (split from C. tenera) Berberis repens — add Carex emmonsii — Carex albicans Betula murrayana — add Carex foenea — Carex siccata Betula populifolia — add Carex grisea — add (split from C. amphibola) Bidens coronatus — Bidens trichosperma Carex heleonastes — add Bouteloua gracilis — add Carex howei — delete (lump with C. atlantica) Brachyelytrum aristosum — add (split from B. Carex inops — add (split from C. pensylvanica) erectum) Carex lanuginosa — Carex pellita Brachypodium sylvaticum — add Carex meadii — add (split from C. tetanica) Brassica alba — Sinapis alba Carex muricata — add Brassica kaber — Sinapis arvensis Carex novae-angliae — add Bromus molliformis — delete (lump with B. Carex paupercula — Carex magellanica hordeaceus ) Carex rosea — Carex radiata Bromus mollis — Bromus hordeaceus Carex rugosperma — Carex tonsa Bromus nottowayanus — add (split from B. Carex sylvatica — add pubescens) Carex texensis — add Buchloe dactyloides — add Carex tincta — add Cacalia atriplicifolia — Arnoglossum Carex utriculata — add (split from C. rostrata) atriplicifolium Carex viridistellata — add (split from C. Cacalia plantaginea — Arnoglossum cryptolepis) plantagineum Carex wiegandii — add Calamagrostis inexpansa — delete (lump with Carthamus tinctorius — add C. stricta) Cassia chamaecrista — Chamaecrista fasciculata Calamagrostis lacustris — delete( lump with C. Cassia hebecarpa — Senna hebecarpa stricta) Cassia nictitans — Chamaecrista nictitans Calamintha arkansana — Clinopodium Cassia tora — Senna tora arkansanum Castanea mollissima — add Callitriche terrestris — add Caulophyllum giganteum — add (split from C. Callitriche verna — Callitriche palustris thalictroides) Caltha natans — add Centaurea maculosa — Centaurea stoebe Calylophus serrulatus — Oenothera serrulata Centaurea repens — Rhaponticum repens Calystegia hederacea — Calystegia pubescens Cerastium brachypodum — add (split from C. Calystegia macounii — add nutans) Calystegia silvatica — add Cerastium pumilum — add Campanula americana — Campanulastrum Cerastium velutinum — add (split from C. americanum arvense) Campanula latifolia — add Chaenomeles speciosa — add Cardaria draba — Lepidium draba Chenopodium ambrosioides — Dysphania Cardaria pubescens — Lepidium appelianum ambrosioides Carduus crispus — add Chenopodium aristatum — Dysphania aristata Carex acutiformis — add Chenopodium berlandieri — add (split from C. Carex aenea — Carex foenea album) Carex angustior — Carex echinata Chenopodium botrys — Dysphania botrys Carex artitecta — Carex albicans Chenopodium hybridum — Chenopodium Carex assiniboinensis — add simplex Carex billingsii — add (split from C. trisperma) Chenopodium subglabrum — Chenopodium Carex bushii — add pratericola Carex cephalantha — Carex echinata Chorispora tenella — add Carex conjuncta — add

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 6 Chrysanthemum ×superbum — Leucanthemum Crataegus fontanesiana — delete (lump with C. ×superbum crus-galli) Chrysanthemum balsamita — Tanacetum Crataegus gravis — delete (lump with C. balsamita populnea) Chrysanthemum leucanthemum — Crataegus hillii — Crataegus magniflora Leucanthemum vulgare Crataegus immanis — Crataegus compacta Chrysanthemum parthenium — Tanacetum Crataegus iracunda — delete (lump with C. parthenium populnea ) Chrysanthemum serotinum — Leucanthemella Crataegus leiophylla — delete (lump with C. serotina pruinosa) Chrysopsis camporum — Heterotheca Crataegus levis — delete (lump with C. camporum populnea) Chrysopsis villosa — Heterotheca villosa Crataegus merita — delete (lump with C. Cimicifuga racemosa — Actaea racemosa macrosperma) Circaea lutetiana — Circaea canadensis Crataegus nitidula — delete (lump with C. Claytonia sibirica — add punctata) Clematis terniflora — add Crataegus pedicellata — Crataegus coccinea Cleome hassleriana — Tarenaya hassleriana Crataegus pinguis — delete (lump with C. Cleome serrulata — Peritoma serrulata brainerdii) Coelorachis cylindrica — add Crataegus pringlei — Crataegus coccinea Coincya monensis — add Crataegus pringlei — delete (lump with C. Consolida ambigua — Consolida ajacis coccinea) Corispermum americanum — add (split from C. Crataegus rugosa — delete (lump with C. hyssopifolium) pruinosa) Corispermum orientale — Corispermum Cyperus aristatus — Cyperus squarrosus villosum Cyperus filiculmis — Cyperus lupulinus Corispermum pallasii — add (split from C. Cyperus fuscus — add hyssopifolium) Cyperus rivularis — Cyperus bipartitus Cornus stolonifera — Cornus sericea Cypripedium calceolus — Cypripedium Coronilla varia — Securigera varia parviflorum Corydalis sempervirens — Capnoides Danthonia compressa — add sempervirens Daphne mezereum — add Corydalis solida — add Dentaria diphylla — Cardamine diphylla Corynephorus canescens — add Dentaria laciniata — Cardamine concatenata Cotinus coggygria — add Dentaria maxima — Cardamine maxima Cotoneaster adpressus — add Deschampsia flexuosa — Avenella flexuosa Cotoneaster divaricatus — add Desmanthus illinoensis — add Crataegus apiomorpha — Crataegus fluviatilis Desmodium glabellum — add (split from D. Crataegus basilica — Crataegus schuettei paniculatum) Crataegus beata — delete (lump with C. Desmodium glutinosum — Hylodesmum populnea) glutinosum Crataegus brumalis — delete (lump with C. Desmodium nudiflorum — Hylodesmum macrosperma) nudiflorum Crataegus compta — delete (lump with C. Desmodium perplexum — add (split from D. populnea) paniculatum) Crataegus dilatata — Crataegus coccinioides Deutzia scabra — add Crataegus disperma — delete Diarrhena americana — Diarrhena obovata Crataegus filipes — delete (lump with C. Dichanthelium polyanthes — add jesupii) Disporum hookeri — Prosartes hookeri Crataegus foetida — delete (lump with C. Disporum maculatum — Prosartes maculata intricata) Dodecatheon meadia — Primula meadia

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 7 Draba glabella — add Festuca scabrella — Festuca altaica Duchesnea indica — Potentilla indica Festuca tenuifolia — Festuca filiformis Dysphania pumilio — add Ficus carica — add Echinochloa esculenta — add (split from E. Filago arvensis — Logfia arvensis crusgalli) Filipendula ulmaria — add Eleocharis atropurpurea — add Filipendula vulgaris — add Eleocharis caribaea — Eleocharis geniculata Forsythia ×intermedia — add Eleocharis microcarpa — add Frangula purshiana — add Eleocharis nitida — add Froelichia floridana — add Eleocharis olivacea — Eleocharis flavescens Froelichia gracilis — add Eleocharis pauciflora — Eleocharis quinqueflora Fuirena squarrosa — Fuirena pumila Eleocharis smallii — Eleocharis palustris Galanthus nivalis — add Eleutherococcus sieboldianus — add Galega officinalis — add Elymus arenarius — Leymus arenarius Galium mollugo — Galium album Elymus macgregorii — add (split from E. Gaura biennis — Oenothera gaura virginicus) Gaura coccinea — Oenothera suffrutescens Elymus mollis — Leymus mollis Gaura longiflora — Oenothera filiformis Epilobium angustifolium — Chamerion Gentianopsis procera — Gentianopsis virgata angustifolium Geranium aequale — add (split from G. molle) Epilobium brachycarpum — add Glyceria melicaria — add Eragrostis curvula — add Gnaphalium helleri — Pseudognaphalium Eragrostis poaeoides — Eragrostis minor micradenium Eragrostis tephrosanthes — delete (lump with E. Gnaphalium macounii — Pseudognaphalium pectinacea) macounii Eragrostis trichodes — add Gnaphalium obtusifolium — Pseudognaphalium Eriocaulon septangulare — Eriocaulon obtusifolium aquaticum Gnaphalium purpureum — Gamochaeta Eriophorum spissum — Eriophorum vaginatum purpurea Erophila verna — Draba verna Gnaphalium sylvaticum — Omalotheca Euonymus hamiltoniana — add sylvatica Eupatorium coelestinum — Conoclinium Habenaria blephariglottis — Platanthera coelestinum blephariglottis Eupatorium fistulosum — Eutrochium Habenaria ciliaris — Platanthera ciliaris fistulosum Habenaria clavellata — Platanthera clavellata Eupatorium maculatum — Eutrochium Habenaria dilatata — Platanthera dilatata maculatum Habenaria flava — Platanthera flava Eupatorium purpureum — Eutrochium Habenaria hookeri — Platanthera hookeri purpureum Habenaria hyperborea — delete (split into Eupatorium rugosum — Ageratina altissima Platanthera aquilonis and P. huronensis) Euphorbia davidii — add (split from E. dentata) Habenaria lacera — Platanthera lacera Euphorbia esula — Euphorbia virgata Habenaria leucophaea — Platanthera leucophaea Euphorbia obtusata — Euphorbia spathulata Habenaria obtusata — Platanthera obtusata Euphorbia prostrata — add Habenaria orbiculata — Platanthera orbiculata Euthamia remota — Euthamia caroliniana Habenaria psycodes — Platanthera psycodes Fatoua villosa — add Habenaria unalascensis — Platanthera Festuca arundinacea — Schedonorus unalascensis arundinaceus Habenaria viridis — Coeloglossum viride Festuca obtusa — Festuca subverticillata Haplopappus ciliatus — Grindelia ciliata Festuca octoflora — Vulpia octoflora Hedyotis nigricans — Stenaria nigricans Festuca ovina — Festuca trachyphylla Heleochloa schoenoides — Crypsis schoenoides Festuca pratensis — Schedonorus pratensis

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 8 Helianthemum bicknellii — Crocanthemum Limonium platyphyllum — add bicknellii Linaria canadensis — Nuttallanthus canadensis Helianthemum canadense — Crocanthemum Listera auriculata — Neottia auriculata canadense Listera convallarioides — Neottia Hemicarpha micrantha — Lipocarpha micrantha convallarioides Heracleum mantegazzianum — add Listera cordata — Neottia cordata Heracleum sphondylium — add Lithospermum arvense — Buglossoides arvensis Hierochloë odorata — Hierochloë hirta Luzula pallidula — add Holcus mollis — add Lychnis chalcedonica — Silene chalcedonica Hosta ventricosa — add Lychnis coronaria — Silene coronaria Hydrocharis morsus-ranae — add Lycopersicon esculentum — Solanum Hylotelephium erythrostictum — add lycopersicum Hymenoxys herbacea — Tetraneuris herbacea Mahonia aquifolium — Berberis aquifolium Hypericum adpressum — add Malus baccata — add Hystrix patula — Elymus hystrix Malus prunifolia — add Iberis sempervirens — add Malus sieboldii — add Ilex opaca — add Malva crispa — Malva verticillata Iris sibirica — add Malva rotundifolia — Malva pusilla Isopyrum biternatum — Enemion biternatum Matricaria perforata — Tripleurospermum Isotrema tomentosum — add inodorum Iva xanthiifolia — Cyclachaena xanthiifolia Matricaria recutita — Matricaria chamomilla Juncus alpinus — Juncus alpinoarticulatus Mazus reptans — Mazus miquelii Juncus anthelatus — add (split from J. tenuis) Megalodonta beckii — Bidens beckii Juncus compressus — add Mentha ×gracilis — add (given fuller treatment) Juncus ensifolius — add Mentha arvensis — Mentha canadensis Kalopanax septemlobus — add Minuartia dawsonensis — add (split from Kerria japonica — add Arenaria stricta) Kochia scoparia — Bassia scoparia Mirabilis hirsuta — delete (lump with M. albida) Kuhnia eupatorioides — Brickellia Miscanthus sacchariflorus — add eupatorioides Miscanthus sinensis — add Lactuca muralis — Mycelis muralis Monarda clinopodia — add (split from M. Lactuca pulchella — Mulgedium pulchellum fistulosa) Lamiastrum galeobdolon — add Monotropa hypopithys — Hypopitys monotropa Lamprocapnos spectabilis — add Muhlenbergia asperifolia — add Lechea villosa — Lechea mucronata Muscari atlanticum — Muscari neglectum Ledum groenlandicum — Rhododendron Myosurus minimus — add groenlandicum Myrica pensylvanica — add Lemna turionifera — add (split from L. minor) Myriophyllum exalbescens — Myriophyllum Leontodon autumnalis — Scorzoneroides sibiricum autumnalis Myrrhis odorata — add Leontodon taraxacoides — Leontodon saxatilis Narcissus poeticus — add Leptochloa fascicularis — Leptochloa fusca Narcissus pseudonarcissus — add Leptoloma cognatum — Digitaria cognata Nasturtium microphyllum — add (split from N. Lespedeza bicolor — add officinale) Lespedeza intermedia — Lespedeza violacea Nemopanthus mucronatus — Ilex mucronata Lespedeza stipulacea — Kummerowia Nuphar pumila — Nuphar microphylla stipulacea Nymphaea tetragona — Nymphaea leibergii Lespedeza thunbergii — add Odontites vulgaris — Odontites vernus Lespedeza violacea — Lespedeza frutescens Onosmodium molle — Lithospermum molle Leymus racemosus — add Orchis rotundifolia — Amerorchis rotundifolia Lilium martagon — add Orchis spectabilis — Galearis spectabilis

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 9 Oryzopsis canadensis — Piptatherum canadense Panicum xanthophysum — Dichanthelium Oryzopsis pungens — Piptatherum pungens xanthophysum Oryzopsis racemosa — Piptatherum racemosum Papaver pseudo-orientale — add (split from P. Osmorhiza chilensis — Osmorhiza berteroi orientale) Oxalis fontana — Oxalis stricta Parietaria diffusa — Parietaria judaica Oxalis stricta — Oxalis dillenii Parthenium hispidum — delete (lump with P. Pachysandra terminalis — add integrifolium) Packera glabella — add Paspalum ciliatifolium — Paspalum setaceum Packera insulae-regalis — add (split from Paspalum laeve — add Packera paupercula) Pennisetum alopecuroides — add Panicum boreale — Dichanthelium boreale Persicaria robustior — add Panicum calliphyllum — delete Phellodendron amurense — add Panicum clandestinum — Dichanthelium Philadelphus ×virginalis — add clandestinum Philadelphus coronarius — add Panicum columbianum — Dichanthelium Philadelphus inodorus — add columbianum Philadelphus pubescens — add Panicum commonsianum — Dichanthelium Phlox latifolia — add commonsianum Physalis pubescens — Physalis grisea Panicum commutatum — Dichanthelium Picea abies — add commutatum Pimpinella saxifraga — add Panicum depauperatum — Dichanthelium Pinus nigra — add depauperatum Pinus ponderosa — add Panicum dichotomum — Dichanthelium Pinus sylvestris — add dichotomum Plagiobothrys hirtus — Plagiobothrys figuratus Panicum gattingeri — add (split from P. Platanthera aquilonis — add (split from philadelphicum) Habenaria hyperborea) Panicum implicatum — Dichanthelium Platanthera huronensis — add (split from implicatum Habenaria hyperborea) Panicum latifolium — Dichanthelium latifolium Platanthera macrophylla — add (split from Panicum leibergii — Dichanthelium leibergii Habenaria orbiculata) Panicum lindheimeri — Dichanthelium Poa arida — add lindheimeri Poa canbyi — Poa secunda Panicum linearifolium — Dichanthelium Poa interior — add (split from P. nemoralis) linearifolium Polygonum amphibium — Persicaria amphibia Panicum longifolium — add Polygonum arifolium — Persicaria arifolia Panicum meridionale — Dichanthelium Polygonum careyi — Persicaria careyi meridionale Polygonum cespitosum — Persicaria longiseta Panicum microcarpon — Dichanthelium Polygonum cilinode — Fallopia cilinodis microcarpon Polygonum convolvulus — Fallopia Panicum oligosanthes — Dichanthelium convolvulus oligosanthes Polygonum cuspidatum — Fallopia japonica Panicum perlongum — Dichanthelium Polygonum hydropiper — Persicaria hydropiper perlongum Polygonum hydropiperoides — Persicaria Panicum praecocius — Dichanthelium hydropiperoides praecocius Polygonum lapathifolium — Persicaria Panicum sphaerocarpon — Dichanthelium lapathifolia sphaerocarpon Polygonum orientale — Persicaria orientalis Panicum spretum — Dichanthelium spretum Polygonum pensylvanicum — Persicaria Panicum tuckermanii — add (split from P. pensylvanica philadelphicum) Polygonum persicaria — Persicaria maculosa Polygonum punctatum — Persicaria punctata

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 10 Polygonum sachalinense — Fallopia Quercus shumardii — add sachalinensis Ranunculus cymbalaria — Halerpestes Polygonum sagittatum — Persicaria sagittata cymbalaria Polygonum scandens — Fallopia scandens Ranunculus ficaria — Ficaria verna Polygonum virginianum — Persicaria virginiana Ranunculus lapponicus — Polygonum viviparum — Bistorta vivipara Coptidium lapponicum Polymnia uvedalia — Smallanthus uvedalia Ranunculus sardous — add Porteranthus stipulatus — Gillenia stipulata Ranunculus trichophyllus — add (split from R. Porteranthus trifoliatus — Gillenia trifoliata longirostris) Potamogeton capillaceus — Potamogeton Rhamnus frangula — Frangula alnus bicupulatus Rheum rhaponticum — Rheum ×hybridum Potamogeton filiformis — Stuckenia filiformis Rhexia mariana — add Potamogeton lateralis — delete Rhinanthus minor — add Potamogeton pectinatus — Stuckenia pectinata Rhodotypos scandens — add Potamogeton vaginatus — delete (lump with Rhynchospora glomerata — Rhynchospora Stuckenia filiformis) recognita Potamogeton vaginatus — Stuckenia filiformis Rhynchospora nitens — add Potentilla arguta — Drymocallis arguta Ribes missouriense — add Potentilla bipinnatifida — add Rosa canina — add Potentilla canadensis — add (split from P. Rosa eglanteria — Rosa rubiginosa simplex) Rosa virginiana — add Potentilla fruticosa — Dasiphora fruticosa Rubus bifrons — add Potentilla intermedia — add (split from P. Rubus caesius — add inclinata) Rumex maritimus — Rumex fueginus Potentilla palustris — Comarum palustre Rumex occidentalis — add Potentilla paradoxa — Potentilla supina Ruppia maritima — Ruppia cirrhosa Potentilla pensylvanica — Potentilla litoralis Ruta graveolens — add Potentilla tridentata — Sibbaldiopsis tridentata Sagittaria cristata — add (split from S. Potentilla verna — add graminea) Prenanthes crepidinea — add Salicornia europaea — Salicornia rubra Proboscidea louisiana — original spelling, not Salix atrocinerea — add “louisianica” Salix matsudana — add Prosartes trachycarpa — add Salsola collina — add Prunus alleghaniensis — Prunus umbellata Salsola kali — Salsola tragus Prunus angustifolia — add Sanguisorba minor — Poterium sanguisorba Prunus armeniaca — add Sanicula gregaria — Sanicula odorata Prunus cerasifera — delete Saxifraga pensylvanica — Micranthes Prunus hortulana — add pensylvanica Pseudotsuga menziesii — add Saxifraga virginiensis — Micranthes Psilocarya scirpoides — Rhynchospora virginiensis scirpoides Schedonorus giganteus — add Psoralea psoralioides — Orbexilum Schoenoplectus purshianus — add (split from pedunculatum Scirpus smithii) Puccinellia fernaldii — Torreyochloa fernaldii Schrankia nuttallii — Mimosa quadrivalvis Puccinellia pallida — Torreyochloa pallida Scilla forbesii — add Pueraria montana — add Scilla luciliae — add Pyrola rotundifolia — Pyrola americana Scilla siberica — add Pyrus calleryana — add Scirpus acutus — Schoenoplectus acutus Pyrus cordata — add Scirpus americanus — Schoenoplectus pungens Quercus coccinea — Quercus ellipsoidalis Scirpus atrocinctus — add (split from S. Quercus prinus — Quercus montana cyperinus)

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 11 Scirpus cespitosus — Trichophorum cespitosum Sparganium minimum — Sparganium natans Scirpus clintonii — Trichophorum clintonii Spartina gracilis — add Scirpus fluviatilis — Bolboschoenus fluviatilis Spiranthes casei — add (split from S. cernua) Scirpus georgianus — add (split from S. Spiranthes magnicamporum — add (split from atrovirens) S. cernua) Scirpus hallii — Schoenoplectus hallii Spiranthes ochroleuca — add (split from S. Scirpus hattorianus — add (split from S. cernua) atrovirens) Spiranthes ovalis — add Scirpus heterochaetus — Schoenoplectus Spiranthes tuberosa — add heterochaetus Spiranthes vernalis — delete Scirpus hudsonianus — Trichophorum alpinum Sporobolus asper — Sporobolus compositus Scirpus olneyi — Schoenoplectus americanus Sporobolus clandestinus — add Scirpus paludosus — Bolboschoenus maritimus Sporobolus indicus — add Scirpus pedicillatus — add (split from S. Stachys arenicola — add (split from S. palustris) cyperinus) Stachys aspera — add (split from S. tenuifolia) Scirpus smithii — Schoenoplectus smithii Stachys byzantina — add Scirpus subterminalis — Schoenoplectus Stachys hispida — add (split from S. tenuifolia) subterminalis Stachys pilosa — add (split from S. palustris) Scirpus torreyi — Schoenoplectus torreyi Stellaria calycantha — Stellaria borealis Scirpus validus — Schoenoplectus Stellaria pallida — add tabernaemontani Stipa avenacea — Piptochaetium avenaceum Scleria reticularis — add Stipa comata — Hesperostipa comata Sclerochloa dura — add Stipa spartea — Hesperostipa spartea Sedum spurium — Phedimus spurius Streptopus roseus — Streptopus lanceolatus Sedum telephium — Hylotelephium telephium Symphyotrichum drummondii — add Senecio aureus — Packera aurea Symphyotrichum firmum — add (split from Senecio congestus — Tephroseris palustris Aster puniceus) Senecio indecorus — Packera indecora Syringa ×henryi — add Senecio obovatus — Packera obovata Syringa reticulata — add Senecio pauperculus — Packera paupercula Tanacetum huronense — Tanacetum bipinnatum Senecio plattensis — delete (lump with Packera Taraxacum palustre — add paupercula) Taxodium distichum add Setaria glauca — Setaria pumila Taxus cuspidate add Shepherdia argentea — add Teesdalia nudicaulis — add Silene armeria — Atocion armeria Thalictrum pubescens — add Silene dioica — add Thaspium barbinode — Thaspium chapmanii Silene nivea — add Thymus pannonicus — Thymus albidus Silene pratensis — Silene latifolia Tofieldia glutinosa — Triantha glutinosa Sisyrinchium campestre — add Tomanthera auriculata — Agalinis auriculata Sisyrinchium farwellii — Sisyrinchium Toxicodendron rydbergii — add (split from T. fuscatum radicans) Sisyrinchium hastile — delete (lump with S. Trillium cuneatum — add (split from Trillium albidum) viride) Smilacina racemosa — Maianthemum racemosum Trillium luteum — add (split from Trillium Smilacina stellata — Maianthemum stellatum viride) Smilacina trifolia — Maianthemum trifolium Smilax tamnoides — Smilax hispida Trillium viride — delete (split into T. cuneatum Solidago vossii — add (split from S. houghtonii) & T. luteum) Sparganium chlorocarpum — Sparganium Trisetum melicoides — Graphephorum emersum melicoides

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 12 Ulmus glabra — add Vigna unguiculata — add Uniola latifolia — Chasmanthium latifolium Vinca major — add Verbena canadensis — Glandularia canadensis Viola conspersa — Viola labradorica Veronica hederifolia — add Viola novae-angliae — add Viburnum trilobum — add (split from V. Viola primulifolia — add opulus) Vulpia myuros — add Vicia lathyroides — add

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 13

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page A- 14 Appendix B.

List of Culturally Significant Plants

Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians Native Plants Initiative

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page B-1 FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page B-2 Upland Plants

Scientific Name Common Name Acer pensylvanicum striped maple Acer rubrum red maple Acer saccharum sugar maple Adiantum pedatum maidenhair fern Allium tricoccum wild leek Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting Arctostaphylos uva-ursi bearberry Artemisia campestris wormwood Asclepias syriaca common milkweed Betula papyrifera paper birch Caulophyllum thalictroides blue cohosh Chimaphila umbellata pipsissewa Corylus cornuta beaked hazelnut Erythronium americanum yellow trout lily Fagus grandifolia American beech Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry Fraxinus americana white ash Gaultheria procumbens wintergreen Gaylussacia baccata huckleberry Hamamelis virginiana witch hazel Lithospermum caroliniense plains puccoon Lycopodium obscurum ground pine Medeola virginiana Indian cucumber root Mitchella repens partridge berry Monarda fistulosa wild bergamot Ostrya virginiana ironwood; hop hornbeam Pinus strobus white pine Polygala paucifolia gay wings Polygala senega Seneca snakeroot Populus grandidentata big toothed aspen Populus tremuloides quaking aspen Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern Quercus rubra red oak Tilia americana basswood Trillium grandiflorum common trillium Tsuga canadensis hemlock Vaccinium angustifolium blueberry Viburnum opulus var. americanum highbush cranberry

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page B-3 Wetland Plants

Scientific Name Common Name Abies balsamea balsam fir Acorus calamus sweet flag Alnus rugosa tag alder Andromeda glaucophylla bog rosemary Arisaema triphyllum Jack in the pulpit Asclepias incarnata swamp milkweed Athyrium filix-femina lady fern Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch Caltha palustris marsh marigold Coptis trifolia goldthread Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood Cypripedium acaule pink lady's slipper; moccasin flower Cypripedium calceolus yellow lady's slipper Equisetum arvense common horsetail Equisetum sylvaticum woodland horsetail Eupatorium maculatum Joe pye weed Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset Fraxinus nigra black ash Gaultheria hispidula creeping snowberry Hierochloe odorata sweet grass Ilex verticillata Michigan holly Impatiens capensis spotted touch me not Larix laricina tamarack Ledum groenlandicum Labrador tea Lobelia cardinalis cardinal flower Myrica gale sweet gale Nemopanthus mucronata mountain holly Nymphaea odorata sweet scented waterlily Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern Phragmites australis reed Picea mariana black spruce Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae Typha latifolia broad leaved cattail Ulmus americana American elm Ulmus rubra slippery elm Vaccinium macrocarpon large cranberry Vitis riparia riverbank grape Zizania palustris wild rice

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page B-4 Appendix C.

Floristic Quality Assessments

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-1

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-2

Petritz Preserve

Communities Natural Features • coastal fen • Brown thrasher (SGCN) • dry-mesic northern forest • Caspian tern (T) • dune • Lake Huron tansy (T) • sand and gravel beach • Pitcher’s thistle (LT, T) • Pumpell’s bromegrass (T) (last observed in 1999) • Invasive Species • bladder campion • phragmites (non-native) • bull thistle • reed canary grass • Canada thistle • spotted knapweed • common St. John’s wort • sweet clover • European swamp thistle

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-3

Petritz Preserve – Dry-Mesic Northern Forest

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 64 Native 64 67.37% Adventive 31 32.63% Total Species 95 Tree 14 14.70% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.2 Shrub 13 13.70% Shrub 2 2.10% w/Adventives 2.9 W-Vine 3 3.20% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 33.7 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 27.9 P-Forb 21 22.10% P-Forb 12 12.60% Native Mean W 2 B-Forb 0 0.00% B-Forb 6 6.30% w/Adventives 2.2 A-Forb 1 1.10% A-Forb 2 2.10% Average W FACU+ P-Grass 4 4.20% P-Grass 8 8.40% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 6 6.30% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 3 3.20% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ABIBAL 3 Abies balsamea balsam fir -3 FACW Nt Tree ACERUB 1 Acer rubrum red maple 0 FAC Nt Tree ACESAU 5 Acer saccharum sugar maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb AGRREP 0 AGROPYRON REPENS quack grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AMEARB 4 Amelanchier arborea Juneberry 3 FACU Nt Tree ANAMAR 3 Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting 5 UPL Nt P-Forb APOAND 3 Apocynum androsaemifolium spreading dogbane 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ARANUD 5 Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTMAC 4 Aster macrophyllus big leaved aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb BROINE 0 BROMUS INERMIS smooth brome 5 UPL Ad P-Grass CXARTT 3 Carex arctata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXBEBB 4 Carex bebbii sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXDEWE 3 Carex deweyana sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXMUHL 7 Carex muhlenbergii sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXPEDU 5 Carex pedunculata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXPENS 4 Carex pensylvanica sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CHIUMB 8 Chimaphila umbellata pipsissewa 5 UPL Nt Shrub CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb CIRARV 0 CIRSIUM ARVENSE Canadian thistle 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CIRPAL 0 CIRSIUM PALUSTRE marsh thistle -4 FACW+ Ad B-Forb CIRVUL 0 CIRSIUM VULGARE bull thistle 4 FACU- Ad B-Forb COMUMB 5 Comandra umbellata bastard toadflax 3 FACU Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-4 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy CORCOR 5 Corylus cornuta beaked hazelnut 5 UPL Nt Shrub DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass DANSPI 4 Danthonia spicata poverty grass; oatgrass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass DAUCAR 0 DAUCUS CAROTA queen Anne's lace 5 UPL Ad B-Forb DESCES 9 Deschampsia cespitosa hair grass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass DRYCAR 5 Dryopteris carthusiana spinulose woodfern -2 FACW- Nt Fern EPIREP 7 Epigaea repens trailing arbutus 5 UPL Nt Shrub EPIHEL 0 EPIPACTIS HELLEBORINE helleborine 5 UPL Ad P-Forb EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally FAGGRA 6 Fagus grandifolia American beech 3 FACU Nt Tree FESARU 0 FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA tall fescue 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass FESRUB 0 FESTUCA RUBRA red fescue 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb GALASP 5 Galium asprellum rough bedstraw -5 OBL Nt P-Forb GAUHIS 8 Gaultheria hispidula creeping snowberry -3 FACW Nt Shrub GAUPRO 5 Gaultheria procumbens wintergreen 3 FACU Nt Shrub GAYBAC 7 Gaylussacia baccata huckleberry 3 FACU Nt Shrub HEMFUL 0 HEMEROCALLIS FULVA orange day lily 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HEPAME 6 Hepatica americana round lobed hepatica 5 UPL Nt P-Forb HIEPIS 0 HIERACIUM PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb common St. John's HYPPER 0 HYPERICUM PERFORATUM wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb common or ground JUNCOI 4 Juniperus communis juniper 3 FACU Nt Shrub LAMPUR 0 LAMIUM PURPUREUM purple dead nettle 5 UPL Ad A-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb American fly LONCAN 5 Lonicera canadensis honeysuckle 3 FACU Nt Shrub LONDIO 5 Lonicera dioica red honeysuckle 3 FACU Nt W-Vine smooth tartarian LONTAT 0 LONICERA TATARICA honeysuckle 3 FACU Ad Shrub MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MELLIN 6 Melampyrum lineare cow wheat 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb MELALB 0 MELILOTUS ALBA white sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb MENPIP 0 MENTHA PIPERITA peppermint -5 OBL Ad P-Forb MITREP 5 Mitchella repens partridge berry 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb MONOUN 5 Monotropa uniflora Indian pipe 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ORYASP 6 Oryzopsis asperifolia rough leaved rice grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass ironwood; hop OSTVIR 5 Ostrya virginiana hornbeam 4 FACU- Nt Tree PHAARU 0 PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree PINRES 6 Pinus resinosa red pine 3 FACU Nt Tree PINSTR 3 Pinus strobus white pine 3 FACU Nt Tree PLALAN 0 PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA English plantain 0 FAC Ad P-Forb POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POAPRA 0 POA PRATENSIS Kentucky bluegrass 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass POLPAU 7 Polygala paucifolia gay wings 3 FACU Nt P-Forb POLPUB 5 Polygonatum pubescens downy solomon seal 5 UPL Nt P-Forb POLCON 0 POLYGONUM CONVOLVULUS false buckwheat 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-5 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy POPGRA 4 Populus grandidentata big toothed aspen 3 FACU Nt Tree POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry 1 FAC- Nt Shrub PTEAQU 0 Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern 3 FACU Nt Fern QUERUB 5 Quercus rubra red oak 3 FACU Nt Tree RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub RUMCRI 0 RUMEX CRISPUS curly dock -1 FAC+ Ad P-Forb RUMOBT 0 RUMEX OBTUSIFOLIUS bitter dock -3 FACW Ad P-Forb SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SMIRAC 5 Smilacina racemosa false spikenard 3 FACU Nt P-Forb starry false solomon SMISTE 5 Smilacina stellata seal 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SYMALB 5 Symphoricarpos albus snowberry 4 FACU- Nt Shrub SYRVUL 0 SYRINGA VULGARIS common lilac 5 UPL Ad Shrub TAROFF 0 TARAXACUM OFFICINALE common dandelion 3 FACU Ad P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TOXRYD 3 Toxicodendron rydbergii poison ivy 0 FAC Nt W-Vine TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb TSUCAN 5 Tsuga canadensis hemlock 3 FACU Nt Tree VACANG 4 Vaccinium angustifolium blueberry 3 FACU Nt Shrub VACMYR 4 Vaccinium myrtilloides Canada blueberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub VERTHA 0 VERBASCUM THAPSUS common mullein 5 UPL Ad B-Forb VITRIP 3 Vitis riparia riverbank grape -2 FACW- Nt W-Vine

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-6 Petritz Preserve Dunes

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 69 Native 69 86.25% Adventive 11 13.75% Total Species 80 Tree 9 11.10% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.9 Shrub 16 19.80% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 4.3 W-Vine 1 1.20% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 40.0 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 38.2 P-Forb 22 27.20% P-Forb 2 2.50% Native Mean W -0.1 B-Forb 3 3.70% B-Forb 3 3.70% w/Adventives 0.3 A-Forb 2 2.50% A-Forb 1 1.20% Average Wetness FAC P-Grass 11 13.60% P-Grass 4 4.90% A-Grass 1 1.20% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 3 3.70% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 3 3.70% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Note - Pumpell’s bromegrass not observed in 2013, but could still persist here. Acronym C Scientific Name common name W Wetness Physiognomy AGRDAS 10 Agropyron dasystachyum wheat grass 4 FACU- Nt P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AGRHYE 4 Agrostis hyemalis ticklegrass 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass AMMBRE 10 Ammophila breviligulata marram grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass ANDSCO 5 Andropogon scoparius little bluestem grass 3 FACU Nt P-Grass ARCUVA 8 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi bearberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub ARTCAM 5 Artemisia campestris wormwood 0 FAC Nt B-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAT 2 Aster lateriflorus side flowering aster -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BROINE 0 BROMUS INERMIS smooth brome 5 UPL Ad P-Grass CALSTR 10 Calamagrostis stricta narrow leaved reedgrass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass CALLON 10 Calamovilfa longifolia sand reed grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass CAMROT 6 Campanula rotundifolia harebell 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb CXAQUA 7 Carex aquatilis sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXVIRI 4 Carex viridula sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CIRPIT 10 Cirsium pitcheri Pitcher's thistle (LT, T) 5 UPL Nt B-Forb COMUMB 5 Comandra umbellata bastard toadflax 3 FACU Nt P-Forb CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood -3 FACW Nt Shrub ELYCAN 7 Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally EQULAE 2 Equisetum laevigatum smooth scouring rush -3 FACW Nt Fern Ally HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb JUNALP 5 Juncus alpinus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNART 3 Juncus articulatus jointed rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBAL 4 Juncus balticus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBRE 8 Juncus brevicaudatus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-7 Acronym C Scientific Name common name W Wetness Physiognomy JUNNOD 5 Juncus nodosus joint rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNCOI 4 Juniperus communis common or ground juniper 3 FACU Nt Shrub JUNHOR 10 Juniperus horizontalis creeping juniper 1 FAC- Nt Shrub KOEMAC 9 Koeleria macrantha June grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass LATJAP 10 Lathyrus japonicus beach pea 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb LITCAR 10 Lithospermum caroliniense plains puccoon 5 UPL Nt P-Forb MELALB 0 MELILOTUS ALBA white sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb MELLOF 0 MELILOTUS OFFICINALIS yellow sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb MENARV 3 Mentha arvensis wild mint -3 FACW Nt P-Forb OENBIE 2 Oenothera biennis common evening primrose 3 FACU Nt B-Forb PANCAP 1 Panicum capillare witch grass 0 FAC Nt A-Grass PANIMP 3 Panicum implicatum panic grass 0 FAC Nt P-Grass PHAARU 0 PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree PINRES 6 Pinus resinosa red pine 3 FACU Nt Tree PINSTR 3 Pinus strobus white pine 3 FACU Nt Tree POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POAPRA 0 POA PRATENSIS Kentucky bluegrass 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass POLYGONUM POLCON 0 CONVOLVULUS false buckwheat 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb POLLAP 0 Polygonum lapathifolium nodding smartweed -4 FACW+ Nt A-Forb POLDOU 7 Polygonum ramosissimum bush smartweed 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar -3 FACW Nt Tree POPDEL 1 Populus deltoides cottonwood -1 FAC+ Nt Tree POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb POTFRU 10 Potentilla fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil -3 FACW Nt Shrub PRUPUM 8 Prunus pumila sand cherry 5 UPL Nt Shrub PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry 1 FAC- Nt Shrub PTEAQU 0 Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern 3 FACU Nt Fern QUERUB 5 Quercus rubra red oak 3 FACU Nt Tree ROSBLA 3 Rosa blanda wild rose 3 FACU Nt Shrub RUMORB 9 Rumex orbiculatus great water dock -5 OBL Nt P-Forb RUMTRI 1 Rumex triangulivalvis dock -3 FACW Nt P-Forb SALCOR 10 Salix cordata sand dune willow -1 FAC+ Nt Shrub SALDIS 1 Salix discolor pussy willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALERI 2 Salix eriocephala willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALEXI 1 Salix exigua sandbar willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SALLUC 3 Salix lucida shining willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALMYR 9 Salix myricoides blueleaf willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALPET 1 Salix petiolaris slender willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SCHPUN 5 Schoenoplectus pungens three square -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SHECAN 7 Shepherdia canadensis soapberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SMISTE 5 Smilacina stellata starry false solomon seal 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLSIM 10 Solidago simplex Gillman's goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-8 Acronym C Scientific Name common name W Wetness Physiognomy TANHUR 10 Tanacetum huronense Lake Huron tansy (T) 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree VITRIP 3 Vitis riparia riverbank grape -2 FACW- Nt W-Vine ZIGGLA 10 Zigadenus glaucus white camas -3 FACW Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-9 Petritz Preserve Shores

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 52 Native 52 85.24% Adventive 9 11.50% Total Species 61 Tree 4 6.60% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.7 Shrub 9 14.80% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 4.2 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 34.7 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 32.6 P-Forb 17 27.90% P-Forb 1 1.60% Native mean w -2.1 B-Forb 1 1.60% B-Forb 3 4.90% w/Adventives -1.6 A-Forb 4 6.60% A-Forb 1 1.60% Average Wetness FACW- P-Grass 5 8.19% P-Grass 4 6.56% A-Grass 1 1.60% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 8 13.10% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 3 4.90% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb AGAPUR 7 Agalinis purpurea purple gerardia -3 FACW Nt A-Forb AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AGRHYE 4 Agrostis hyemalis ticklegrass 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass ASTLAN 2 Aster lanceolatus eastern lined aster -3 FACW Nt P-Forb CAKEDE 5 Cakile edentula sea rocket 3 FACU Nt A-Forb CALSTR 10 Calamagrostis stricta narrow leaved reedgrass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass CXAQUA 7 Carex aquatilis sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXAURE 3 Carex aurea sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXCRAE 10 Carex crawei sedge -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge CXVIRI 4 Carex viridula sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CIRVUL 0 CIRSIUM VULGARE bull thistle 4 FACU- Ad B-Forb CLAMAR 10 Cladium mariscoides twig rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge COMUMB 5 Comandra umbellata bastard toadflax 3 FACU Nt P-Forb CONCAN 0 Conyza canadensis horseweed 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood -3 FACW Nt Shrub ELEELL 6 Eleocharis elliptica golden seeded spike rush -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge ELEQUI 10 Eleocharis quinqueflora spike rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge ELYCAN 7 Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass EQUHYE 2 Equisetum hyemale scouring rush -2 FACW- Nt Fern Ally EQULAE 2 Equisetum laevigatum smooth scouring rush -3 FACW Nt Fern Ally EQUVAR 8 Equisetum variegatum variegated scouring rush -3 FACW Nt Fern Ally EUTGRA 3 Euthamia graminifolia grass leaved goldenrod -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb HYPKAL 10 Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's wort -2 FACW- Nt Shrub JUNALP 5 Juncus alpinus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNART 3 Juncus articulatus jointed rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBAL 4 Juncus balticus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-10 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy JUNNOD 5 Juncus nodosus joint rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LOBKAL 10 Lobelia kalmii bog lobelia -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYCAME 2 Lycopus americanus common water horehound -5 OBL Nt P-Forb MELALB 0 MELILOTUS ALBA white sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb common evening OENBIE 2 Oenothera biennis primrose 3 FACU Nt B-Forb PANCAP 1 Panicum capillare witch grass 0 FAC Nt A-Grass PANIMP 3 Panicum implicatum panic grass 0 FAC Nt P-Grass PANLID 8 Panicum lindheimeri panic grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass PHAARU 0 PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHRAUS 0 PHRAGMITES AUSTRALIS phragmites (non-native) -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POLYGONUM POLPER 0 PERSICARIA lady's thumb -3 FACW Ad A-Forb POLTEN 7 Polygonum ramosissimum busy knotweed 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar -3 FACW Nt Tree POPDEL 1 Populus deltoides cottonwood -1 FAC+ Nt Tree POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb POTFRU 10 Potentilla fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil -3 FACW Nt Shrub PRIMIS 10 Primula mistassinica dwarf Canadian primrose -3 FACW Nt P-Forb RUMTRI 1 Rumex triangulivalvis dock -3 FACW Nt P-Forb SALCOR 10 Salix cordata sand dune willow -1 FAC+ Nt Shrub SALDIS 1 Salix discolor pussy willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALERI 2 Salix eriocephala willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALEXI 1 Salix exigua sandbar willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SALLUC 3 Salix lucida shining willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALMYR 9 Salix myricoides blueleaf willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SCHPUN 5 Schoenoplectus pungens three square -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLSIM 10 Solidago simplex Gillman's goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb TANHUR 10 Tanacetum huronense Lake Huron tansy (T) 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-11

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-12 Little Sand Bay Preserve

Communities Natural Features • mesic northern forest • Pitcher’ thistle (LT, T) • rich conifer swamp • Lake Huron tansy (T) • boreal forest • butterwort (SC) • hardwood conifer swamp • Michigan monkey flower (LE, E) • dune • Brown thrasher (SGCN) • coastal fen • Eastern towhee (SGCN) • sand and gravel beach • Northern parula (SGCN) • old field • Wilson’s snipe (SGCN)

Invasive Species • autumn olive • Oriental bittersweet • bladder campion • phragmites (non-native) • bull thistle • reed canary grass • Canada thistle • spotted knapweed • common St. John’s wort • sweet clover • European swamp thistle • tartarian honeysuckle • narrow leaved cat-tail

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-13 Little Sand Bay Preserve – Mesic Northern Forest

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 58 Native 58 85.30% Adventive 10 14.70% Total Species 68 Tree 11 16.20% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.1 Shrub 5 7.40% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 3.5 W-Vine 2 2.90% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 31.1 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 28.7 P-Forb 19 27.90% P-Forb 8 11.80% Native Mean W 2.2 B-Forb 0 0.00% B-Forb 0 0.00% w/Adventives 2.5 A-Forb 3 4.40% A-Forb 0 0.00% Average W FACU+ P-Grass 1 1.50% P-Grass 2 2.90% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 10 14.70% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 7 10.30% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ABIBAL 3 Abies balsamea balsam fir -3 FACW Nt Tree ACESAU 5 Acer saccharum sugar maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ACTPAC 7 Actaea pachypoda doll's eyes 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ALLTRI 5 Allium tricoccum wild leek 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb ANAMAR 3 Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ANEQUI 5 Anemone quinquefolia wood anemone 0 FAC Nt P-Forb Apocynum APOAND 3 androsaemifolium spreading dogbane 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ARANUD 5 Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ASTLAT 2 Aster lateriflorus side flowering aster -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb ASTMAC 4 Aster macrophyllus big leaved aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree Botrychium BOTMAT 5 matricariaefolium daisy leaved moonwort 3 FACU Nt Fern BOTVIR 5 Botrychium virginianum rattlesnake fern 3 FACU Nt Fern CXARTT 3 Carex arctata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXBRUN 5 Carex brunnescens sedge -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge CXDEWE 3 Carex deweyana sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXGRAA 4 Carex gracillima sedge 3 FACU Nt P-Sedge CXLAXF 8 Carex laxiflora sedge 0 FAC Nt P-Sedge CXORMO 5 Carex ormostachya sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXPEDU 5 Carex pedunculata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXPENS 4 Carex pensylvanica sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXRADI 2 Carex radiata straight styled wood sedge 1 FAC- Nt P-Sedge CXROSE 2 Carex rosea curly styled wood sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CORCOR 5 Corylus cornuta beaked hazelnut 5 UPL Nt Shrub DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass EPIPACTIS EPIHEL 0 HELLEBORINE helleborine 5 UPL Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-14 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy FAGGRA 6 Fagus grandifolia American beech 3 FACU Nt Tree FRAAME 5 Fraxinus americana white ash 3 FACU Nt Tree GALLAN 4 Galium lanceolatum yellow wild licorice 5 UPL Nt P-Forb GALTRR 4 Galium triflorum fragrant bedstraw 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb GERROB 3 Geranium robertianum herb robert 5 UPL Nt A-Forb HEPAME 6 Hepatica americana round lobed hepatica 5 UPL Nt P-Forb HERMAX 3 Heracleum maximum cow parsnip -3 FACW Nt P-Forb HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HUPLUC 5 Huperzia lucidula shining clubmoss -1 FAC+ Nt Fern Ally HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb LEOCAR 0 LEONURUS CARDIACA motherwort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb LINVUL 0 LINARIA VULGARIS butter and eggs 5 UPL Ad P-Forb LONDIO 5 Lonicera dioica red honeysuckle 3 FACU Nt W-Vine LYCCLA 4 Lycopodium clavatum running ground pine 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally LYCOBS 5 Lycopodium obscurum ground pine 3 FACU Nt Fern Ally MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MELLIN 6 Melampyrum lineare cow wheat 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb ORYASP 6 Oryzopsis asperifolia rough leaved rice grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass OSMCLI 4 Osmorhiza claytonii hairy sweet cicely 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb OSTVIR 5 Ostrya virginiana ironwood; hop hornbeam 4 FACU- Nt Tree PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POLPAU 7 Polygala paucifolia gay wings 3 FACU Nt P-Forb POPGRA 4 Populus grandidentata big toothed aspen 3 FACU Nt Tree PRUSER 2 Prunus serotina wild black cherry 3 FACU Nt Tree PTEAQU 0 Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern 3 FACU Nt Fern PYRELL 6 Pyrola elliptica large leaved shinleaf 5 UPL Nt P-Forb QUERUB 5 Quercus rubra red oak 3 FACU Nt Tree RANABO 0 Ranunculus abortivus small flowered buttercup -2 FACW- Nt A-Forb RIBCYN 4 Ribes cynosbati prickly or wild gooseberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub ROSACI 4 Rosa acicularis wild rose 3 FACU Nt Shrub RUBPUB 4 Rubus pubescens dwarf raspberry -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub SOLANUM SOLCAR 0 CAROLINENSE horse nettle 4 FACU- Ad P-Forb SOLCAE 7 Solidago caesia blue stemmed goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb TARAXACUM TAROFF 0 OFFICINALE common dandelion 3 FACU Ad P-Forb THEPAL 2 Thelypteris palustris marsh fern -4 FACW+ Nt Fern THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TOXRYD 3 Toxicodendron rydbergii poison ivy 0 FAC Nt W-Vine VACMYR 4 Vaccinium myrtilloides Canada blueberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub VEROFF 0 VERONICA OFFICINALIS common speedwell 5 UPL Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-15 Little Sand Bay – Rich/Hardwood-Conifer Swamp

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 144 Native 144 88.89% Adventive 18 11.11% Total Species 162 Tree 11 6.80% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.4 Shrub 14 8.60% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 4 W-Vine 2 1.20% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 53.4 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 50.5 P-Forb 60 37.00% P-Forb 9 5.60% Native Mean W -2.1 B-Forb 1 0.60% B-Forb 3 1.90% w/Adventives -1.8 A-Forb 11 6.80% A-Forb 2 1.20% Average W FACW- P-Grass 7 4.32% P-Grass 4 2.48% A-Grass 1 0.60% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 22 13.60% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 15 9.30% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ABIBAL 3 Abies balsamea balsam fir -3 FACW Nt Tree ACEPEN 5 Acer pensylvanicum striped maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACERUB 1 Acer rubrum red maple 0 FAC Nt Tree ACESAU 5 Acer saccharum sugar maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACTRUB 7 Actaea rubra red baneberry 5 UPL Nt P-Forb AGRGRY 2 Agrimonia gryposepala tall agrimony 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass ARANUD 5 Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ARARAC 8 Aralia racemosa spikenard 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ARCMIN 0 ARCTIUM MINUS common burdock 5 UPL Ad B-Forb ARITRI 5 Arisaema triphyllum Jack in the pulpit -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAN 2 Aster lanceolatus eastern lined aster -3 FACW Nt P-Forb ASTLAT 2 Aster lateriflorus side flowering aster -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb ASTMAC 4 Aster macrophyllus big leaved aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ATHFIL 4 Athyrium filix-femina lady fern 0 FAC Nt Fern BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BIDCER 3 Bidens cernuus nodding bur marigold -5 OBL Nt A-Forb BIDCON 5 Bidens connatus purple stemmed tickseed -5 OBL Nt A-Forb CALCAN 3 Calamagrostis canadensis blue joint grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass CALSTR 10 Calamagrostis stricta narrow leaved reedgrass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass CALTPA 6 Caltha palustris marsh marigold -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CXAURE 3 Carex aurea sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXBRUN 5 Carex brunnescens sedge -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge CXCANE 8 Carex canescens sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXCOMM 2 Carex communis sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXCOMO 5 Carex comosa sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXDEWE 3 Carex deweyana sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXDIAN 8 Carex diandra sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-16 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy CXDISP 10 Carex disperma sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXFLAV 4 Carex flava sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXGRAA 4 Carex gracillima sedge 3 FACU Nt P-Sedge CXHYST 2 Carex hystericina sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXINTE 3 Carex interior sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXINTU 3 Carex intumescens sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXLEPA 5 Carex leptalea sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXPEDU 5 Carex pedunculata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXPSEU 5 Carex pseudo-cyperus sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXRETS 3 Carex retrorsa sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXSTRI 4 Carex stricta sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CICBUL 5 Cicuta bulbifera water hemlock -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CINLAT 5 Cinna latifolia wood reedgrass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass CIRLUT 2 Circaea lutetiana enchanter's nightshade 3 FACU Nt P-Forb CIRARV 0 CIRSIUM ARVENSE Canadian thistle 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CIRPAL 0 CIRSIUM PALUSTRE marsh thistle -4 FACW+ Ad B-Forb CIRVUL 0 CIRSIUM VULGARE bull thistle 4 FACU- Ad B-Forb CLEVIR 4 Clematis virginiana virgin's bower 0 FAC Nt W-Vine CLIBOR 5 Clintonia borealis bluebead lily; corn lily -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb COPTRI 5 Coptis trifolia goldthread -3 FACW Nt P-Forb CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood -3 FACW Nt Shrub CYSBUL 5 Cystopteris bulbifera bulblet fern -2 FACW- Nt Fern DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass DROROT 6 Drosera rotundifolia round leaved sundew -5 OBL Nt P-Forb DRYCAR 5 Dryopteris carthusiana spinulose woodfern -2 FACW- Nt Fern ELEELL 6 Eleocharis elliptica golden seeded spike rush -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge ELEERY 4 Eleocharis erythropoda spike rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge EPICIL 3 Epilobium ciliatum willow herb 3 FACU Nt P-Forb EPICOL 3 Epilobium coloratum cinnamon willow herb -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EPILEP 6 Epilobium leptophyllum fen willow herb -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally EQUFLU 7 Equisetum fluviatile water horsetail -5 OBL Nt Fern Ally EUPMAM 4 Eupatorium maculatum Joe pye weed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EUPPER 4 Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb EUPMAA 0 Euphorbia maculata nodding spurge 4 FACU- Nt A-Forb FRAAME 5 Fraxinus americana white ash 3 FACU Nt Tree FRANIG 6 Fraxinus nigra black ash -4 FACW+ Nt Tree FRAPEN 2 Fraxinus pennsylvanica red ash -3 FACW Nt Tree GALTIN 5 Galium tinctorium stiff bedstraw -5 OBL Nt P-Forb GALTRD 6 Galium trifidum small bedstraw -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb GALTRR 4 Galium triflorum fragrant bedstraw 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb GAUHIS 8 Gaultheria hispidula creeping snowberry -3 FACW Nt Shrub GAUPRO 5 Gaultheria procumbens wintergreen 3 FACU Nt Shrub GERROB 3 Geranium robertianum herb robert 5 UPL Nt A-Forb GEURIV 7 Geum rivale purple avens -5 OBL Nt P-Forb GLYSTR 4 Glyceria striata fowl manna grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass GYMDRY 5 Gymnocarpium dryopteris oak fern 0 FAC Nt Fern HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-17 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy HUPLUC 5 Huperzia lucidula shining clubmoss -1 FAC+ Nt Fern Ally HYPKAL 10 Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's wort -2 FACW- Nt Shrub HYPPER 0 HYPERICUM PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb IMPCAP 2 Impatiens capensis spotted touch me not -3 FACW Nt A-Forb IRIVER 5 Iris versicolor wild blue flag -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNALP 5 Juncus alpinus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNART 3 Juncus articulatus jointed rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNEFF 3 Juncus effusus soft stemmed rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNNOD 5 Juncus nodosus joint rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LARLAR 5 Larix laricina tamarack -3 FACW Nt Tree LEEORY 3 Leersia oryzoides cut grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass LEMMIN 5 Lemna minor small duckweed -5 OBL Nt A-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb LOBKAL 10 Lobelia kalmii bog lobelia -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LUDPAL 4 Ludwigia palustris water purslane -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYCANN 5 Lycopodium annotinum stiff clubmoss 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally common water LYCAME 2 Lycopus americanus horehound -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYCUNI 2 Lycopus uniflorus northern bugle weed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYSTER 6 Lysimachia terrestris swamp candles -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYSTHY 6 Lysimachia thyrsiflora tufted loosestrife -5 OBL Nt P-Forb MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MENARV 3 Mentha arvensis wild mint -3 FACW Nt P-Forb Mimulus glabratus var. Michigan monkey MIMGLM 10 michiganensis flower (LE, E) -5 OBL Nt P-Forb MITNUD 8 Mitella nuda naked miterwort -3 FACW Nt P-Forb MONOUN 5 Monotropa uniflora Indian pipe 3 FACU Nt P-Forb MUHMEX 3 Muhlenbergia mexicana leafy satin grass -3 FACW Nt P-Grass MYRGAL 6 Myrica gale sweet gale -5 OBL Nt Shrub ONOSEN 2 Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern -3 FACW Nt Fern OSMCIN 5 Osmunda cinnamomea cinnamon fern -3 FACW Nt Fern OSMCLN 6 Osmunda claytoniana interrupted fern -1 FAC+ Nt Fern OSMREG 5 Osmunda regalis royal fern -5 OBL Nt Fern PANCAP 1 Panicum capillare witch grass 0 FAC Nt A-Grass PARGLA 8 Parnassia glauca grass of parnassus -5 OBL Nt P-Forb PHAARU 0 PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHLPRA 0 PHLEUM PRATENSE timothy 3 FACU Ad P-Grass PHYOPU 4 Physocarpus opulifolius ninebark -2 FACW- Nt Shrub PILFON 5 Pilea fontana bog clearweed -3 FACW Nt A-Forb POLPAU 7 Polygala paucifolia gay wings 3 FACU Nt P-Forb POLYGONUM POLCON 0 CONVOLVULUS false buckwheat 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb POLHYR 1 Polygonum hydropiper water pepper -5 OBL Nt A-Forb POLHYS 5 Polygonum hydropiperoides water pepper -5 OBL Nt P-Forb POLPER 0 POLYGONUM PERSICARIA lady's thumb -3 FACW Ad A-Forb POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar -3 FACW Nt Tree POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb POTNOR 0 Potentilla norvegica rough cinquefoil 0 FAC Nt A-Forb PRUVUL 0 PRUNELLA VULGARIS lawn prunella 0 FAC Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-18 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry 1 FAC- Nt Shrub PYRASA 8 Pyrola asarifolia pink pyrola -3 FACW Nt P-Forb PYRELL 6 Pyrola elliptica large leaved shinleaf 5 UPL Nt P-Forb RANABO 0 Ranunculus abortivus small flowered buttercup -2 FACW- Nt A-Forb tall or common RANACR 0 RANUNCULUS ACRIS buttercup -2 FACW- Ad P-Forb RANHIS 5 Ranunculus hispidus swamp buttercup 0 FAC Nt P-Forb RANSCE 1 Ranunculus sceleratus cursed crowfoot -5 OBL Nt A-Forb RHAALN 8 Rhamnus alnifolia alder leaved buckthorn -5 OBL Nt Shrub RIBTRI 6 Ribes triste swamp red currant -5 OBL Nt Shrub RUBHIS 4 Rubus hispidus swamp dewberry -3 FACW Nt Shrub RUBPUB 4 Rubus pubescens dwarf raspberry -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub RUMOBT 0 RUMEX OBTUSIFOLIUS bitter dock -3 FACW Ad P-Forb SAMRAC 3 Sambucus racemosa red berried elder 2 FACU+ Nt Shrub Schoenoplectus SCHTAB 4 tabernaemontani softstem bulrush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SCICYP 5 Scirpus cyperinus wool grass -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SCUGAL 5 Scutellaria galericulata common skullcap -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SCULAT 5 Scutellaria lateriflora mad dog skullcap -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SOLDUL 0 SOLANUM DULCAMARA bittersweet nightshade 0 FAC Ad P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLFLE 6 Solidago flexicaulis broad leaved goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SPAANG 10 Sparganium angustifolium narrow leaved bur reed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SPAMIN 8 Sparganium minimum small bur reed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SPHINT 4 Sphenopholis intermedia slender wedgegrass 0 FAC Nt P-Grass SYMALB 5 Symphoricarpos albus snowberry 4 FACU- Nt Shrub SYMFOE 6 Symplocarpus foetidus skunk cabbage -5 OBL Nt P-Forb THENOV 5 Thelypteris noveboracensis New York fern -1 FAC+ Nt Fern THEPAL 2 Thelypteris palustris marsh fern -4 FACW+ Nt Fern THEPHE 5 Thelypteris phegopteris northern beech fern 5 UPL Nt Fern THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TOXRYD 3 Toxicodendron rydbergii poison ivy 0 FAC Nt W-Vine TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb TRICER 5 Trillium cernuum nodding trillium 0 FAC Nt P-Forb TYPANG 0 TYPHA ANGUSTIFOLIA narrow leaved cattail -5 OBL Ad P-Forb TYPLAT 1 Typha latifolia broad leaved cattail -5 OBL Nt P-Forb VACOXY 8 Vaccinium oxycoccos small cranberry -5 OBL Nt Shrub VERANA 4 Veronica anagallis-aquatica water speedwell -5 OBL Nt B-Forb VEROFF 0 VERONICA OFFICINALIS common speedwell 5 UPL Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-19 Little Sand Bay – Dunes

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 54 Native 54 88.50% Adventive 7 11.50% Total Species 61 Tree 7 11.50% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 5.7 Shrub 12 19.70% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 5.1 W-Vine 1 1.60% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 42.2 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 39.7 P-Forb 20 32.80% P-Forb 3 4.90% Native Mean W 0.2 B-Forb 4 6.60% B-Forb 2 3.30% w/Adventives 0.6 A-Forb 2 3.30% A-Forb 0 0.00% Average W FAC P-Grass 5 8.20% P-Grass 2 3.30% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 1 1.60% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 2 3.30% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: **Note: species in calcareous wetlands behind the dune are tallied in the shores list. Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name Wetness W Physiognomy ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow FACU 3 Nt P-Forb AGRDAS 10 Agropyron dasystachyum wheat grass FACU- 4 Nt P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop FAC 0 Ad P-Grass AMMBRE 10 Ammophila breviligulata marram grass UPL 5 Nt P-Grass ARALYR 7 Arabis lyrata sand cress FACU- 4 Nt B-Forb ARCUVA 8 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi bearberry UPL 5 Nt Shrub ARTCAM 5 Artemisia campestris wormwood FAC 0 Nt B-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed UPL 5 Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch FACU+ 2 Nt Tree CALLON 10 Calamovilfa longifolia sand reed grass UPL 5 Nt P-Grass CAMROT 6 Campanula rotundifolia harebell FAC- 1 Nt P-Forb CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed UPL 5 Ad B-Forb CIRPIT 10 Cirsium pitcheri Pitcher's thistle (LT,T) UPL 5 Nt B-Forb COMUMB 5 Comandra umbellata bastard toadflax FACU 3 Nt P-Forb CONCAN 0 Conyza canadensis horseweed FAC- 1 Nt A-Forb CORLAN 8 Coreopsis lanceolata sand coreopsis FACU 3 Nt P-Forb CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood FACW -3 Nt Shrub EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail FAC 0 Nt Fern Ally EQUVAR 8 Equisetum variegatum variegated scouring rush FACW -3 Nt Fern Ally FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry FAC- 1 Nt P-Forb FRAAME 5 Fraxinus americana white ash FACU 3 Nt Tree HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil UPL 5 Ad P-Forb HYPKAL 10 Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's wort FACW- -2 Nt Shrub HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort UPL 5 Ad P-Forb IRIVER 5 Iris versicolor wild blue flag OBL -5 Nt P-Forb JUNBAL 4 Juncus balticus rush OBL -5 Nt P-Forb JUNCOI 4 Juniperus communis common or ground juniper FACU 3 Nt Shrub

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-20 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name Wetness W Physiognomy JUNHOR 10 Juniperus horizontalis creeping juniper FAC- 1 Nt Shrub LARLAR 5 Larix laricina tamarack FACW -3 Nt Tree LATJAP 10 Lathyrus japonicus beach pea FACU- 4 Nt P-Forb LILPHI 10 Lilium philadelphicum wood lily FAC- 1 Nt P-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower FAC 0 Nt P-Forb LOBCAR 7 Lobelia cardinalis cardinal flower OBL -5 Nt P-Forb Mimulus glabratus var. Michigan monkey flower MIMGLM 10 michiganensis (LE, E) OBL -5 Nt P-Forb OENBIE 2 Oenothera biennis common evening primrose FACU 3 Nt B-Forb PANIMP 3 Panicum implicatum panic grass FAC 0 Nt P-Grass PHAARU 0 PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass FACW+ -4 Nt P-Grass PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce FACU 3 Nt Tree PINVUL 10 Pinguicula vulgaris butterwort OBL -5 Nt P-Forb POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass FACU+ 2 Ad P-Grass POLRAM 7 Polygonum ramosissimum bushy knotweed FAC- 1 Nt A-Forb POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar FACW -3 Nt Tree POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen FAC 0 Nt Tree POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed FACW+ -4 Nt P-Forb POTFRU 10 Potentilla fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil FACW -3 Nt Shrub PRUPUM 8 Prunus pumila sand cherry UPL 5 Nt Shrub SALCOR 10 Salix cordata sand dune willow FAC+ -1 Nt Shrub SALDIS 1 Salix discolor pussy willow FACW -3 Nt Shrub SALEXI 1 Salix exigua sandbar willow OBL -5 Nt Shrub SALMYR 9 Salix myricoides blueleaf willow FACW -3 Nt Shrub SCHPUN 5 Schoenoplectus pungens three square OBL -5 Nt P-Sedge SENPAU 3 Senecio pauperculus balsam ragwort FAC+ -1 Nt P-Forb SHECAN 7 Shepherdia canadensis soapberry UPL 5 Nt Shrub SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion UPL 5 Ad P-Forb SMISTE 5 Smilacina stellata starry false solomon seal FAC- 1 Nt P-Forb SOLSIM 10 Solidago simplex Gillman's goldenrod FACU 3 Nt P-Forb TANHUR 10 Tanacetum huronense Lake Huron tansy (T) FACU- 4 Nt P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae FACW -3 Nt Tree TOXRYD 3 Toxicodendron rydbergii poison ivy FAC 0 Nt W-Vine VERTHA 0 VERBASCUM THAPSUS common mullein UPL 5 Ad B-Forb ZIGGLA 10 Zigadenus glaucus white camas FACW -3 Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-21 Little Sand Bay – Shores

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 116 Native 114 80.41% Adventive 28 19.58% Total Species 142 Tree 9 6.30% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.8 Shrub 17 12.00% Shrub 1 0.70% w/Adventives 3.9 W-Vine 2 1.40% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 51.2 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 46.2 P-Forb 52 36.60% P-Forb 13 9.20% Native Mean W -2.1 B-Forb 3 2.10% B-Forb 7 4.90% w/Adventives -1.2 A-Forb 11 7.70% A-Forb 3 2.10% Average W FACW- P-Grass 6 4.20% P-Grass 2 1.40% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 12 8.50% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 1 0.70% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 3 2.10% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name Wetness Physiognomy ACERUB 1 Acer rubrum red maple FAC Nt Tree ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow FACU Nt P-Forb ACTPAC 7 Actaea pachypoda doll's eyes UPL Nt P-Forb AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop FAC Ad P-Grass AGRHYE 4 Agrostis hyemalis ticklegrass FAC- Nt P-Grass AQUCAN 5 Aquilegia canadensis wild columbine FAC- Nt P-Forb ARANUD 5 Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla FACU Nt P-Forb ARCMIN 0 ARCTIUM MINUS common burdock UPL Ad B-Forb ASTLAN 2 Aster lanceolatus eastern lined aster FACW Nt P-Forb BERINC 0 BERTEROA INCANA hoary alyssum UPL Ad A-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch FACU+ Nt Tree BIDCON 5 Bidens connatus purple stemmed tickseed OBL Nt A-Forb BIDFRO 1 Bidens frondosus common beggar ticks FACW Nt A-Forb CALCAN 3 Calamagrostis canadensis blue joint grass OBL Nt P-Grass CALSTR 10 Calamagrostis stricta narrow leaved reedgrass FACW+ Nt P-Grass CALARK 10 Calamintha arkansana low calamint FACW Nt P-Forb CXAQUA 7 Carex aquatilis sedge OBL Nt P-Sedge CXDIAN 8 Carex diandra sedge OBL Nt P-Sedge CXHYST 2 Carex hystericina sedge OBL Nt P-Sedge CXINTE 3 Carex interior sedge OBL Nt P-Sedge CXPELL 2 Carex pellita sedge OBL Nt P-Sedge CXSTER 10 Carex sterilis sedge OBL Nt P-Sedge CASCOC 8 Castilleja coccinea Indian paintbrush FAC Nt A-Forb CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed UPL Ad B-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy UPL Ad P-Forb CICBUL 5 Cicuta bulbifera water hemlock OBL Nt P-Forb CIRARV 0 CIRSIUM ARVENSE Canadian thistle FACU Ad P-Forb CIRPAL 0 CIRSIUM PALUSTRE marsh thistle FACW+ Ad B-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-22 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name Wetness Physiognomy CIRPIT 10 Cirsium pitcheri Pitcher's thistle (LT, T) UPL Nt B-Forb CIRVUL 0 CIRSIUM VULGARE bull thistle FACU- Ad B-Forb CLAMAR 10 Cladium mariscoides twig rush OBL Nt P-Sedge CONCAN 0 Conyza canadensis horseweed FAC- Nt A-Forb CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood FACW Nt Shrub CYPRIV 3 Cyperus rivularis brook nut sedge FACW+ Nt A-Sedge DAUCAR 0 DAUCUS CAROTA queen Anne's lace UPL Ad B-Forb DIELON 4 Diervilla lonicera bush honeysuckle UPL Nt Shrub ELEELL 6 Eleocharis elliptica golden seeded spike rush FACW Nt P-Sedge ELEQUI 10 Eleocharis quinqueflora spike rush OBL Nt P-Sedge ELYCAN 7 Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye FAC- Nt P-Grass EPIHEL 0 EPIPACTIS HELLEBORINE helleborine UPL Ad P-Forb EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail FAC Nt Fern Ally EQUVAR 8 Equisetum variegatum variegated scouring rush FACW Nt Fern Ally EREHIE 2 Erechtites hieracifolia fireweed FACU Nt A-Forb EUPMAM 4 Eupatorium maculatum Joe pye weed OBL Nt P-Forb EUPPER 4 Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset FACW+ Nt P-Forb EUTGRA 3 Euthamia graminifolia grass leaved goldenrod FACW- Nt P-Forb FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry FAC- Nt P-Forb GALTIN 5 Galium tinctorium stiff bedstraw OBL Nt P-Forb GALTRD 6 Galium trifidum small bedstraw FACW+ Nt P-Forb GENPRO 8 Gentianopsis procera small fringed gentian OBL Nt A-Forb GERROB 3 Geranium robertianum herb robert UPL Nt A-Forb HACVIR 1 Hackelia virginiana beggar's lice FAC- Nt P-Forb HYPKAL 10 Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's wort FACW- Nt Shrub HYPPER 0 HYPERICUM PERFORATUM common St. John's wort UPL Ad P-Forb IMPCAP 2 Impatiens capensis spotted touch me not FACW Nt A-Forb JUNALP 5 Juncus alpinus rush OBL Nt P-Forb JUNART 3 Juncus articulatus jointed rush OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBAL 4 Juncus balticus rush OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBRE 8 Juncus brevicaudatus rush OBL Nt P-Forb JUNEFF 3 Juncus effusus soft stemmed rush OBL Nt P-Forb JUNNOD 5 Juncus nodosus joint rush OBL Nt P-Forb JUNTEN 1 Juncus tenuis path rush FAC Nt P-Forb LARLAR 5 Larix laricina tamarack FACW Nt Tree LEOCAR 0 LEONURUS CARDIACA motherwort UPL Ad P-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower FAC Nt P-Forb LIPLOE 5 Liparis loeselii Loesel's twayblade FACW+ Nt P-Forb LOBKAL 10 Lobelia kalmii bog lobelia OBL Nt P-Forb LONDIO 5 Lonicera dioica red honeysuckle FACU Nt W-Vine LUDPAL 4 Ludwigia palustris water purslane OBL Nt P-Forb LYCAME 2 Lycopus americanus common water horehound OBL Nt P-Forb LYSTER 6 Lysimachia terrestris swamp candles OBL Nt P-Forb LYSTHY 6 Lysimachia thyrsiflora tufted loosestrife OBL Nt P-Forb MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower FAC Nt P-Forb MEDLUP 0 MEDICAGO LUPULINA black medick FAC- Ad A-Forb Mimulus glabratus var. Michigan monkey flower MIMGLM 10 michiganensis (LE, E) OBL Nt P-Forb MYRGAL 6 Myrica gale sweet gale OBL Nt Shrub

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-23 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name Wetness Physiognomy NEPCAT 0 NEPETA CATARIA catnip FAC- Ad P-Forb OENBIE 2 Oenothera biennis common evening primrose FACU Nt B-Forb OSMCLI 4 Osmorhiza claytonii hairy sweet cicely FACU- Nt P-Forb PARGLA 8 Parnassia glauca grass of parnassus OBL Nt P-Forb PHAARU 0 PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHRAUS 0 PHRAGMITES AUSTRALIS Phragmites (non-native) FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHYOPU 4 Physocarpus opulifolius ninebark FACW- Nt Shrub PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce FACU Nt Tree PINVUL 10 Pinguicula vulgaris butterwort (SC) OBL Nt P-Forb POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass FACU+ Ad P-Grass POLPAU 7 Polygala paucifolia gay wings FACU Nt P-Forb POLHYR 1 Polygonum hydropiper water pepper OBL Nt A-Forb POLHYS 5 Polygonum hydropiperoides water pepper OBL Nt P-Forb POLRAM 7 Polygonum ramosissimum bushy knotweed FAC- Nt A-Forb POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar FACW Nt Tree POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen FAC Nt Tree POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed FACW+ Nt P-Forb POTFRU 10 Potentilla fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil FACW Nt Shrub PRIMIS 10 Primula mistassinica dwarf Canadian primrose FACW Nt P-Forb PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry FAC- Nt Shrub RANABO 0 Ranunculus abortivus small flowered buttercup FACW- Nt A-Forb RANACR 0 RANUNCULUS ACRIS tall or common buttercup FACW- Ad P-Forb RHAALN 8 Rhamnus alnifolia alder leaved buckthorn OBL Nt Shrub RHUTYP 2 Rhus typhina staghorn sumac UPL Nt Tree RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry FACW- Nt Shrub RUDHIR 1 Rudbeckia hirta black eyed susan FACU Nt P-Forb SALCAN 9 Salix candida hoary willow OBL Nt Shrub SALCOR 10 Salix cordata sand dune willow FAC+ Nt Shrub SALDIS 1 Salix discolor pussy willow FACW Nt Shrub SALERI 2 Salix eriocephala willow FACW Nt Shrub SALEXI 1 Salix exigua sandbar willow OBL Nt Shrub SALMYR 9 Salix myricoides blueleaf willow FACW Nt Shrub SAMRAC 3 Sambucus racemosa red berried elder FACU+ Nt Shrub SAPOFF 0 SAPONARIA OFFICINALIS bouncing bet FACU Ad P-Forb SCHACU 5 Schoenoplectus acutus hardstem bulrush OBL Nt P-Sedge SCHPUN 5 Schoenoplectus pungens three square OBL Nt P-Sedge SCICYP 5 Scirpus cyperinus wool grass OBL Nt P-Sedge SCUGAL 5 Scutellaria galericulata common skullcap OBL Nt P-Forb SCULAT 5 Scutellaria lateriflora mad dog skullcap OBL Nt P-Forb SENPAU 3 Senecio pauperculus balsam ragwort FAC+ Nt P-Forb SILPRA 0 SILENE PRATENSIS white catchfly UPL Ad A-Forb SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion UPL Ad P-Forb SMIRAC 5 Smilacina racemosa false spikenard FACU Nt P-Forb SOLDUL 0 SOLANUM DULCAMARA bittersweet nightshade FAC Ad P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod FACU Nt P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod FACU Nt P-Forb SORAME 4 Sorbus americana American mountain ash FAC+ Nt Tree SPAANG 10 Sparganium angustifolium narrow leaved bur reed OBL Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-24 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name Wetness Physiognomy SYRVUL 0 SYRINGA VULGARIS common lilac UPL Ad Shrub TANHUR 10 Tanacetum huronense Lake Huron tansy (T) FACU- Nt P-Forb TAROFF 0 TARAXACUM OFFICINALE common dandelion FACU Ad P-Forb TAXCAN 5 Taxus canadensis Canadian yew FACU Nt Shrub THEPAL 2 Thelypteris palustris marsh fern FACW+ Nt Fern THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae FACW Nt Tree TOFGLU 10 Tofieldia glutinosa false asphodel OBL Nt P-Forb TOXRYD 3 Toxicodendron rydbergii poison ivy FAC Nt W-Vine TRADUB 0 TRAGOPOGON DUBIUS goat's beard UPL Ad B-Forb TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower FAC+ Nt P-Forb TRIREP 0 TRIFOLIUM REPENS white clover FACU+ Ad P-Forb TRIMAR 8 Triglochin maritimum common bog arrow grass OBL Nt P-Forb TRIPAL 8 Triglochin palustris slender bog arrow grass OBL Nt P-Forb TYPANG 0 TYPHA ANGUSTIFOLIA narrow leaved cattail OBL Ad P-Forb URTDIO 1 Urtica dioica nettle FAC+ Nt P-Forb VERTHA 0 VERBASCUM THAPSUS common mullein UPL Ad B-Forb VERHAS 4 Verbena hastata blue vervain FACW+ Nt P-Forb VERANA 4 Veronica anagallis-aquatica water speedwell OBL Nt B-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-25 Little Sand Bay – Old Fields

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 55 Native 55 57.30% Adventive 41 42.70% Total Species 96 Tree 14 14.60% Tree 1 1.0% Native Mean C 3.1 Shrub 7 7.30% Shrub 2 2.10% w/Adventives 1.8 W-Vine 2 2.10% W-Vine 1 1.0% Native FQI 22.7 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 17.1 P-Forb 16 16.70% P-Forb 15 15.60% Native Mean W 2.1 B-Forb 2 2.10% B-Forb 6 6.30% w/Adventives 2.6 A-Forb 4 4.20% A-Forb 6 7.30% Average W FACU+ P-Grass 2 2.10% P-Grass 9 9.40% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 3 3.10% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 5 5.20% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ABIBAL 3 Abies balsamea balsam fir -3 FACW Nt Tree ACERUB 1 Acer rubrum red maple 0 FAC Nt Tree ACESAU 5 Acer saccharum sugar maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb AGRREP 0 AGROPYRON REPENS quack grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass ANEVIR 3 Anemone virginiana thimbleweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ARESER 0 ARENARIA SERPYLLIFOLIA thyme leaved sandwort 0 FAC Ad A-Forb ARTCAM 5 Artemisia campestris wormwood 0 FAC Nt B-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb BERINC 0 BERTEROA INCANA hoary alyssum 5 UPL Ad A-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BROINE 0 BROMUS INERMIS smooth brome 5 UPL Ad P-Grass CXCOMM 2 Carex communis sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXDEWE 3 Carex deweyana sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXPENS 4 Carex pensylvanica sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CELORB 0 CELASTRUS ORBICULATA Oriental bittersweet 5 UPL Ad W-Vine CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb CONCAN 0 Conyza canadensis horseweed 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass DANSPI 4 Danthonia spicata poverty grass; oatgrass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass DAUCAR 0 DAUCUS CAROTA queen Anne's lace 5 UPL Ad B-Forb DESCES 9 Deschampsia cespitosa hair grass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass DIELON 4 Diervilla lonicera bush honeysuckle 5 UPL Nt Shrub DIPDIG 3 Diphasiastrum digitatum ground cedar 5 UPL Nt Fern Ally ELAUMB 0 ELAEAGNUS UMBELLATA autumn olive 3 FACU Ad Shrub

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-26 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ERIANN 0 Erigeron annuus annual fleabane 1 FAC- Nt B-Forb ERISTR 4 Erigeron strigosus daisy fleabane 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb FAGGRA 6 Fagus grandifolia American beech 3 FACU Nt Tree FESOVI 0 FESTUCA OVINA sheep fescue 5 UPL Ad P-Grass FESRUB 0 FESTUCA RUBRA red fescue 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb FRAAME 5 Fraxinus americana white ash 3 FACU Nt Tree HIERACIUM HIEAUR 0 AURANTIACUM orange hawkweed 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb JUNTEN 1 Juncus tenuis path rush 0 FAC Nt P-Forb JUNCOI 4 Juniperus communis common or ground juniper 3 FACU Nt Shrub LAMPUR 0 LAMIUM PURPUREUM purple dead nettle 5 UPL Ad A-Forb LEPVIR 0 Lepidium virginicum common peppergrass 4 FACU- Nt A-Forb LINVUL 0 LINARIA VULGARIS butter and eggs 5 UPL Ad P-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb LONDIO 5 Lonicera dioica red honeysuckle 3 FACU Nt W-Vine smooth tartarian LONTAT 0 LONICERA TATARICA honeysuckle 3 FACU Ad Shrub LYCANN 5 Lycopodium annotinum stiff clubmoss 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally LYCCLA 4 Lycopodium clavatum running ground pine 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally LYCOBS 5 Lycopodium obscurum ground pine 3 FACU Nt Fern Ally MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MALPUM 0 MALUS PUMILA apple 5 UPL Ad Tree MEDLUP 0 MEDICAGO LUPULINA black medick 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb MELLIN 6 Melampyrum lineare cow wheat 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb MELALB 0 MELILOTUS ALBA white sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb MELLOF 0 MELILOTUS OFFICINALIS yellow sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb PHLPRA 0 PHLEUM PRATENSE timothy 3 FACU Ad P-Grass PHYHET 3 Physalis heterophylla clammy ground cherry 5 UPL Nt P-Forb PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree PINSTR 3 Pinus strobus white pine 3 FACU Nt Tree PLALAN 0 PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA English plantain 0 FAC Ad P-Forb PLAMAJ 0 PLANTAGO MAJOR common plantain -1 FAC+ Ad P-Forb POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POAPRA 0 POA PRATENSIS Kentucky bluegrass 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree POTARE 0 POTENTILLA ARGENTEA silvery cinquefoil 3 FACU Ad P-Forb POTNOR 0 Potentilla norvegica rough cinquefoil 0 FAC Nt A-Forb POTREC 0 POTENTILLA RECTA rough fruited cinquefoil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb PRUPEN 3 Prunus pensylvanica pin cherry 4 FACU- Nt Tree PRUSER 2 Prunus serotina wild black cherry 3 FACU Nt Tree PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry 1 FAC- Nt Shrub PTEAQU 0 Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern 3 FACU Nt Fern QUERUB 5 Quercus rubra red oak 3 FACU Nt Tree RANACR 0 RANUNCULUS ACRIS tall or common buttercup -2 FACW- Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-27 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy RHUTYP 2 Rhus typhina staghorn sumac 5 UPL Nt Tree ROSBLA 3 Rosa blanda wild rose 3 FACU Nt Shrub RUBFLA 1 Rubus flagellaris northern dewberry 4 FACU- Nt Shrub RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub RUMACL 0 RUMEX ACETOSELLA sheep sorrel 0 FAC Ad P-Forb SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SMISTE 5 Smilacina stellata starry false solomon seal 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLHIS 3 Solidago hispida white goldenrod 5 UPL Nt P-Forb SOLJUN 3 Solidago juncea early goldenrod 5 UPL Nt P-Forb SOLNEM 2 Solidago nemoralis old field goldenrod 5 UPL Nt P-Forb STEMED 0 STELLARIA MEDIA common chickweed 3 FACU Ad A-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TOXRYD 3 Toxicodendron rydbergii poison ivy 0 FAC Nt W-Vine TRADUB 0 TRAGOPOGON DUBIUS goat's beard 5 UPL Ad B-Forb TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb TRIAUM 0 TRIFOLIUM AUREUM hop clover 5 UPL Ad A-Forb TRIPRA 0 TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE red clover 2 FACU+ Ad P-Forb TRIREP 0 TRIFOLIUM REPENS white clover 2 FACU+ Ad P-Forb VACMYR 4 Vaccinium myrtilloides Canada blueberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub VERTHA 0 VERBASCUM THAPSUS common mullein 5 UPL Ad B-Forb VERARV 0 VERONICA ARVENSIS Corn speedwell 5 UPL Ad A-Forb VEROFF 0 VERONICA OFFICINALIS common speedwell 5 UPL Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-28 Conn’s Cove Preserve/Lucas/Barrett/Plumert Easements

Communities Natural Features • rich conifer swamp • Wilson’s snipe • hardwood conifer swamp • potential coastal fen EO • coastal fen • sand and gravel beach • old field

Invasive Species • bladder campion • phragmites (non-native) • bull thistle • reed canary grass • common St. John’s wort • spotted knapweed • European swamp thistle

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-29 Conn’s Cove Preserve-Lucas/Barrett/Plumert Easements – Rich/Hardwood-Conifer Swamp

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 130 Native 130 85.53% Adventive 22 14,47% Total Species 152 Tree 15 9.90% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.5 Shrub 16 10.50% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 3.8 W-Vine 1 0.70% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 51.0 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 47.4 P-Forb 55 36.20% P-Forb 11 7.20% Native Mean W -1.7 B-Forb 1 0.70% B-Forb 4 2.60% w/Adventives -1.2 A-Forb 4 2.60% A-Forb 2 1.30% Average W FACW- P-Grass 4 2.60% P-Grass 5 3.28% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 22 14.50% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 12 7.90% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ABIBAL 3 Abies balsamea balsam fir -3 FACW Nt Tree ACERUB 1 Acer rubrum red maple 0 FAC Nt Tree ACESAU 5 Acer saccharum sugar maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACESPI 5 Acer spicatum mountain maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ACTRUB 7 Actaea rubra red baneberry 5 UPL Nt P-Forb AGRGRY 2 Agrimonia gryposepala tall agrimony 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb ANAMAR 3 Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ANECAN 4 Anemone canadensis Canada anemone -3 FACW Nt P-Forb ARANUD 5 Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ARITRI 5 Arisaema triphyllum Jack in the pulpit -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb ASTLAT 2 Aster lateriflorus side flowering aster -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb ASTMAC 4 Aster macrophyllus big leaved aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb BARVUL 0 BARBAREA VULGARIS yellow rocket 0 FAC Ad B-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree CALTPA 6 Caltha palustris marsh marigold -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CXARTT 3 Carex arctata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXBEBB 4 Carex bebbii sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXBRUN 5 Carex brunnescens sedge -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge CXCOMM 2 Carex communis sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXDEWE 3 Carex deweyana sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXDIAN 8 Carex diandra sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXDISP 10 Carex disperma sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXFLAV 4 Carex flava sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXGRAA 4 Carex gracillima sedge 3 FACU Nt P-Sedge CXGRAN 2 Carex granularis sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXHYST 2 Carex hystericina sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXINTE 3 Carex interior sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXINTU 3 Carex intumescens sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-30 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy CXLEPA 5 Carex leptalea sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXLUPA 4 Carex lupulina sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXPALL 5 Carex pallescens pale sedge 3 FACU Nt P-Sedge CXPSEU 5 Carex pseudo-cyperus sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXRETS 3 Carex retrorsa sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXSTER 10 Carex sterilis sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXSTIP 1 Carex stipata sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CERFON 0 CERASTIUM FONTANUM mouse ear chickweed 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb CICBUL 5 Cicuta bulbifera water hemlock -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CINLAT 5 Cinna latifolia wood reedgrass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass CIRLUT 2 Circaea lutetiana enchanter's nightshade 3 FACU Nt P-Forb CIRPAL 0 CIRSIUM PALUSTRE marsh thistle -4 FACW+ Ad B-Forb CIRVUL 0 CIRSIUM VULGARE bull thistle 4 FACU- Ad B-Forb CLIVUL 3 Clinopodium vulgare wild basil 5 UPL Nt P-Forb CLIBOR 5 Clintonia borealis bluebead lily; corn lily -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb COPTRI 5 Coptis trifolia goldthread -3 FACW Nt P-Forb CORCAA 6 Cornus canadensis bunchberry 0 FAC Nt Shrub CORRUG 6 Cornus rugosa round leaved dogwood 5 UPL Nt Shrub CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood -3 FACW Nt Shrub CYSBUL 5 Cystopteris bulbifera bulblet fern -2 FACW- Nt Fern DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass DROROT 6 Drosera rotundifolia round leaved sundew -5 OBL Nt P-Forb DRYCAR 5 Dryopteris carthusiana spinulose woodfern -2 FACW- Nt Fern EPICIL 3 Epilobium ciliatum willow herb 3 FACU Nt P-Forb EPILEP 6 Epilobium leptophyllum fen willow herb -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EPIHEL 0 EPIPACTIS HELLEBORINE helleborine 5 UPL Ad P-Forb EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally EUPPER 4 Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb FRAAME 5 Fraxinus americana white ash 3 FACU Nt Tree FRANIG 6 Fraxinus nigra black ash -4 FACW+ Nt Tree FRAPEN 2 Fraxinus pennsylvanica red ash -3 FACW Nt Tree GALBRE 6 Galium brevipes short stalked bedstraw -5 OBL Nt P-Forb GALLAN 4 Galium lanceolatum yellow wild licorice 5 UPL Nt P-Forb GALTIN 5 Galium tinctorium stiff bedstraw -5 OBL Nt P-Forb GALTRR 4 Galium triflorum fragrant bedstraw 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb GAUHIS 8 Gaultheria hispidula creeping snowberry -3 FACW Nt Shrub GAUPRO 5 Gaultheria procumbens wintergreen 3 FACU Nt Shrub GEURIV 7 Geum rivale purple avens -5 OBL Nt P-Forb GLYSTR 4 Glyceria striata fowl manna grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass Menzies' rattlesnake GOOOBL 6 Goodyera oblongifolia plantain 5 UPL Nt P-Forb GYMDRY 5 Gymnocarpium dryopteris oak fern 0 FAC Nt Fern HIERACIUM HIECAE 0 CAESPITOSUM king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-31 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ILEVER 5 Ilex verticillata Michigan holly -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub IRIVER 5 Iris versicolor wild blue flag -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LAMPUR 0 LAMIUM PURPUREUM purple dead nettle 5 UPL Ad A-Forb LARLAR 5 Larix laricina tamarack -3 FACW Nt Tree LATPAL 7 Lathyrus palustris marsh pea -3 FACW Nt P-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb LOBINF 0 Lobelia inflata Indian tobacco 4 FACU- Nt A-Forb LOBKAL 10 Lobelia kalmii bog lobelia -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LONCAN 5 Lonicera canadensis American fly honeysuckle 3 FACU Nt Shrub LYCANN 5 Lycopodium annotinum stiff clubmoss 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally LYCAME 2 Lycopus americanus common water horehound -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYCUNI 2 Lycopus uniflorus northern bugle weed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYSTER 6 Lysimachia terrestris swamp candles -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYSTHY 6 Lysimachia thyrsiflora tufted loosestrife -5 OBL Nt P-Forb MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MATSTR 3 Matteuccia struthiopteris ostrich fern -3 FACW Nt Fern MENARV 3 Mentha arvensis wild mint -3 FACW Nt P-Forb MENPIP 0 MENTHA PIPERITA peppermint -5 OBL Ad P-Forb MENTRI 8 Menyanthes trifoliata buckbean -5 OBL Nt P-Forb MITNUD 8 Mitella nuda naked miterwort -3 FACW Nt P-Forb MUHGLO 10 Muhlenbergia glomerata marsh wild timothy -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass MUHMEX 3 Muhlenbergia mexicana leafy satin grass -3 FACW Nt P-Grass MYRGAL 6 Myrica gale sweet gale -5 OBL Nt Shrub NASOFF 0 NASTURTIUM OFFICINALE watercress -5 OBL Ad P-Grass ONOSEN 2 Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern -3 FACW Nt Fern OSMCIN 5 Osmunda cinnamomea cinnamon fern -3 FACW Nt Fern OSMCLN 6 Osmunda claytoniana interrupted fern -1 FAC+ Nt Fern OSMREG 5 Osmunda regalis royal fern -5 OBL Nt Fern PHAARU 0 PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree PLALAN 0 PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA English plantain 0 FAC Ad P-Forb POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POAPRA 0 POA PRATENSIS Kentucky bluegrass 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass POLPAU 7 Polygala paucifolia gay wings 3 FACU Nt P-Forb POLAMP 6 Polygonum amphibium water smartweed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb POLHYR 1 Polygonum hydropiper water pepper -5 OBL Nt A-Forb POLHYS 5 Polygonum hydropiperoides water pepper -5 OBL Nt P-Forb POLPER 0 POLYGONUM PERSICARIA lady's thumb -3 FACW Ad A-Forb POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar -3 FACW Nt Tree POPGRA 4 Populus grandidentata big toothed aspen 3 FACU Nt Tree POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree POTPAL 7 Potentilla palustris marsh cinquefoil -5 OBL Nt P-Forb PRUVUL 0 PRUNELLA VULGARIS lawn prunella 0 FAC Nt P-Forb PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry 1 FAC- Nt Shrub PTEAQU 0 Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern 3 FACU Nt Fern PYRASA 8 Pyrola asarifolia pink pyrola -3 FACW Nt P-Forb PYRELL 6 Pyrola elliptica large leaved shinleaf 5 UPL Nt P-Forb QUERUB 5 Quercus rubra red oak 3 FACU Nt Tree

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-32 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy RANABO 0 Ranunculus abortivus small flowered buttercup -2 FACW- Nt A-Forb RANACR 0 RANUNCULUS ACRIS tall or common buttercup -2 FACW- Ad P-Forb RANHIS 5 Ranunculus hispidus swamp buttercup 0 FAC Nt P-Forb RANSCE 1 Ranunculus sceleratus cursed crowfoot -5 OBL Nt A-Forb RHAALN 8 Rhamnus alnifolia alder leaved buckthorn -5 OBL Nt Shrub RIBTRI 6 Ribes triste swamp red currant -5 OBL Nt Shrub ROSACI 4 Rosa acicularis wild rose 3 FACU Nt Shrub RUBPUB 4 Rubus pubescens dwarf raspberry -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub SAGLAT 1 Sagittaria latifolia common arrowhead -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SALCAN 9 Salix candida hoary willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SAMRAC 3 Sambucus racemosa red berried elder 2 FACU+ Nt Shrub SARPUP 10 Sarracenia purpurea Pitcher plant -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SCICYP 5 Scirpus cyperinus wool grass -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SCULAT 5 Scutellaria lateriflora mad dog skullcap -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SMITRI 10 Smilacina trifolia false mayflower -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SOLDUL 0 SOLANUM DULCAMARA bittersweet nightshade 0 FAC Ad P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb STRROS 5 Streptopus roseus rose twisted stalk 0 FAC Nt P-Forb SYMFOE 6 Symplocarpus foetidus skunk cabbage -5 OBL Nt P-Forb THEPAL 2 Thelypteris palustris marsh fern -4 FACW+ Nt Fern THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TOXRYD 3 Toxicodendron rydbergii poison ivy 0 FAC Nt W-Vine TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb TRIPRA 0 TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE red clover 2 FACU+ Ad P-Forb TRICER 5 Trillium cernuum nodding trillium 0 FAC Nt P-Forb VACOXY 8 Vaccinium oxycoccos small cranberry -5 OBL Nt Shrub VERTHA 0 VERBASCUM THAPSUS common mullein 5 UPL Ad B-Forb VERANA 4 Veronica anagallis-aquatica water speedwell -5 OBL Nt B-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-33 Conn’s Cove Preserve-Lucas/Barrett/Plumert Easement – Shores

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 110 Native 110 82.09% Adventive 24 17.91% Total Species 134 Tree 7 5.20% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 5.2 Shrub 17 12.70% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 4.3 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 54.8 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 50.1 P-Forb 48 35.80% P-Forb 9 6.70% Native Mean W -3.0 B-Forb 1 0.70% B-Forb 4 3.00% w/Adventives -2.3 A-Forb 7 5.20% A-Forb 3 2.20% Average W FACW P-Grass 12 8.95% P-Grass 8 5.97% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 16 11.90% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 3 2.20% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ACERUB 1 Acer rubrum red maple 0 FAC Nt Tree ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb AGAPUR 7 Agalinis purpurea purple gerardia -3 FACW Nt A-Forb AGRREP 0 AGROPYRON REPENS quack grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AGRHYE 4 Agrostis hyemalis ticklegrass 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass ASCINC 6 Asclepias incarnata swamp milkweed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAN 2 Aster lanceolatus eastern lined aster -3 FACW Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BIDCON 5 Bidens connatus purple stemmed tickseed -5 OBL Nt A-Forb CALCAN 3 Calamagrostis canadensis blue joint grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass CALSTR 10 Calamagrostis stricta narrow leaved reedgrass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass CALARK 10 Calamintha arkansana low calamint -3 FACW Nt P-Forb CALTPA 6 Caltha palustris marsh marigold -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CXAQUA 7 Carex aquatilis sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXAURE 3 Carex aurea sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXCRAE 10 Carex crawei sedge -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge CXEBUR 7 Carex eburnea sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXINTE 3 Carex interior sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXINTU 3 Carex intumescens sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXLASI 8 Carex lasiocarpa sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXSTER 10 Carex sterilis sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXVIRI 4 Carex viridula sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CASCOC 8 Castilleja coccinea Indian paintbrush 0 FAC Nt A-Forb CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CERFON 0 CERASTIUM FONTANUM mouse ear chickweed 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-34 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy CICBUL 5 Cicuta bulbifera water hemlock -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CINLAT 5 Cinna latifolia wood reedgrass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass CIRPAL 0 CIRSIUM PALUSTRE marsh thistle -4 FACW+ Ad B-Forb CLAMAR 10 Cladium mariscoides twig rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CLIVUL 3 Clinopodium vulgare wild basil 5 UPL Nt P-Forb CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood -3 FACW Nt Shrub DAUCAR 0 DAUCUS CAROTA queen Anne's lace 5 UPL Ad B-Forb DROINT 8 Drosera intermedia sundew -5 OBL Nt P-Forb DROLIN 10 Drosera linearis linear leaved sundew -5 OBL Nt P-Forb DROROT 6 Drosera rotundifolia round leaved sundew -5 OBL Nt P-Forb ELEELL 6 Eleocharis elliptica golden seeded spike rush -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge ELEQUI 10 Eleocharis quinqueflora spike rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge ELESMA 5 Eleocharis smallii spike rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge ELYCAN 7 Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass EPIHIR 0 EPILOBIUM HIRSUTUM great hairy willow herb -4 FACW+ Ad P-Forb EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally EQUVAR 8 Equisetum variegatum variegated scouring rush -3 FACW Nt Fern Ally EUPMAM 4 Eupatorium maculatum Joe pye weed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EUPPER 4 Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb EUPMAA 0 Euphorbia maculata nodding spurge 4 FACU- Nt A-Forb EUTGRA 3 Euthamia graminifolia grass leaved goldenrod -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb FESARU 0 FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA tall fescue 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb FRAPEN 2 Fraxinus pennsylvanica red ash -3 FACW Nt Tree GALPAL 3 Galium palustre marsh bedstraw -5 OBL Nt P-Forb GALTIN 5 Galium tinctorium stiff bedstraw -5 OBL Nt P-Forb GALTRD 6 Galium trifidum small bedstraw -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb GAUPRO 5 Gaultheria procumbens wintergreen 3 FACU Nt Shrub GENPRO 8 Gentianopsis procera small fringed gentian -5 OBL Nt A-Forb GERMAC 4 Geranium maculatum wild geranium 3 FACU Nt P-Forb GLYSTR 4 Glyceria striata fowl manna grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HYPKAL 10 Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's wort -2 FACW- Nt Shrub HYPPER 0 HYPERICUM PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb IMPCAP 2 Impatiens capensis spotted touch me not -3 FACW Nt A-Forb IRIVER 5 Iris versicolor wild blue flag -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNALP 5 Juncus alpinus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBAL 4 Juncus balticus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBRE 8 Juncus brevicaudatus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNDUD 1 Juncus dudleyi Dudley's rush 0 FAC Nt P-Forb JUNNOD 5 Juncus nodosus joint rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LARLAR 5 Larix laricina tamarack -3 FACW Nt Tree LATPAL 7 Lathyrus palustris marsh pea -3 FACW Nt P-Forb LEEORY 3 Leersia oryzoides cut grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass LOBKAL 10 Lobelia kalmii bog lobelia -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYCAME 2 Lycopus americanus common water horehound -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYCUNI 2 Lycopus uniflorus northern bugle weed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYSTER 6 Lysimachia terrestris swamp candles -5 OBL Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-35 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy LYSTHY 6 Lysimachia thyrsiflora tufted loosestrife -5 OBL Nt P-Forb MELALB 0 MELILOTUS ALBA white sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb MENARV 3 Mentha arvensis wild mint -3 FACW Nt P-Forb MENPIP 0 MENTHA PIPERITA peppermint -5 OBL Ad P-Forb MUHGLO 10 Muhlenbergia glomerata marsh wild timothy -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass MUHMEX 3 Muhlenbergia mexicana leafy satin grass -3 FACW Nt P-Grass MYRGAL 6 Myrica gale sweet gale -5 OBL Nt Shrub ONOSEN 2 Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern -3 FACW Nt Fern PANLEI 10 Panicum leibergii Leiberg's panic grass 2 FACU+ Nt P-Grass PANLID 8 Panicum lindheimeri panic grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass PARGLA 8 Parnassia glauca grass of parnassus -5 OBL Nt P-Forb PHAARU 0 PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHLPRA 0 PHLEUM PRATENSE timothy 3 FACU Ad P-Grass PHRAUS 0 PHRAGMITES AUSTRALIS phragmites (non-native) -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHYOPU 4 Physocarpus opulifolius ninebark -2 FACW- Nt Shrub PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POAPRA 0 POA PRATENSIS Kentucky bluegrass 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass POLYGONUM POLCON 0 CONVOLVULUS false buckwheat 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb POLHYR 1 Polygonum hydropiper water pepper -5 OBL Nt A-Forb POLPER 0 POLYGONUM PERSICARIA lady's thumb -3 FACW Ad A-Forb POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar -3 FACW Nt Tree POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb POTFRU 10 Potentilla fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil -3 FACW Nt Shrub POTPAL 7 Potentilla palustris marsh cinquefoil -5 OBL Nt P-Forb PRIMIS 10 Primula mistassinica dwarf Canadian primrose -3 FACW Nt P-Forb PRUVUL 0 PRUNELLA VULGARIS lawn prunella 0 FAC Nt P-Forb RHAALN 8 Rhamnus alnifolia alder leaved buckthorn -5 OBL Nt Shrub RHYCAL 10 Rhynchospora capillacea beak rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub RUMCRI 0 RUMEX CRISPUS curly dock -1 FAC+ Ad P-Forb SALBEB 1 Salix bebbiana Bebb's willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALCAN 9 Salix candida hoary willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SALCOR 10 Salix cordata sand dune willow -1 FAC+ Nt Shrub SALDIS 1 Salix discolor pussy willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALLUC 3 Salix lucida shining willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALMYR 9 Salix myricoides blueleaf willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALPET 1 Salix petiolaris slender willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SARPUP 10 Sarracenia purpurea Pitcher plant -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SCHPUN 5 Schoenoplectus pungens three square -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SCICYP 5 Scirpus cyperinus wool grass -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SCUGAL 5 Scutellaria galericulata common skullcap -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SENPAU 3 Senecio pauperculus balsam ragwort -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb SHECAN 7 Shepherdia canadensis soapberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SONASP 0 SONCHUS ASPER prickly sow thistle 0 FAC Ad A-Forb SPICER 4 Spiranthes cernua nodding ladies' tresses -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-36 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TOFGLU 10 Tofieldia glutinosa false asphodel -5 OBL Nt P-Forb TRIPRA 0 TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE red clover 2 FACU+ Ad P-Forb TRIMAR 8 Triglochin maritimum common bog arrow grass -5 OBL Nt P-Forb TRIPAL 8 Triglochin palustris slender bog arrow grass -5 OBL Nt P-Forb TYPLAT 1 Typha latifolia broad leaved cattail -5 OBL Nt P-Forb VACOXY 8 Vaccinium oxycoccos small cranberry -5 OBL Nt Shrub VERHAS 4 Verbena hastata blue vervain -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb VERANA 4 Veronica anagallis-aquatica water speedwell -5 OBL Nt B-Forb Veronica beccabunga var. VERBEA 10 americana American brooklime -5 OBL Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-37 Conn’s Cove Preserve- Lucas/Barrett/Plumert Easement – Old Fields

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 27 Native 27 51.92% Adventive 25 48.07% Total Species 52 Tree 4 7.70% Tree 1 1.90% Native Mean C 3.1 Shrub 6 11.50% Shrub 1 1.90% w/Adventives 1.7 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 16.3 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 11.9 P-Forb 13 25.00% P-Forb 7 13.50% Native Mean W 1.6 B-Forb 0 0.00% B-Forb 3 5.80% w/Adventives 2.4 A-Forb 0 0.00% A-Forb 2 3.80% Average W FACU+ P-Grass 1 1.92% P-Grass 11 21.15% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 3 5.80% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 0 0.00% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb AGRREP 0 AGROPYRON REPENS quack grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass ANEVIR 3 Anemone virginiana thimbleweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAE 5 Aster laevis smooth aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAN 2 Aster lanceolatus eastern lined aster -3 FACW Nt P-Forb BROINE 0 BROMUS INERMIS smooth brome 5 UPL Ad P-Grass CXEBUR 7 Carex eburnea sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXGRAN 2 Carex granularis sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXPENS 4 Carex pensylvanica sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb CLIVUL 3 Clinopodium vulgare wild basil 5 UPL Nt P-Forb CORFOE 1 Cornus foemina gray dogwood -2 FACW- Nt Shrub DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass DANSPI 4 Danthonia spicata poverty grass; oatgrass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass DAUCAR 0 DAUCUS CAROTA queen Anne's lace 5 UPL Ad B-Forb ERISTR 4 Erigeron strigosus daisy fleabane 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb FESARU 0 FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA tall fescue 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass FESOVI 0 FESTUCA OVINA sheep fescue 5 UPL Ad P-Grass FESRUB 0 FESTUCA RUBRA red fescue 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb FRAAME 5 Fraxinus americana white ash 3 FACU Nt Tree HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb JUNBAL 4 Juncus balticus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNCOI 4 Juniperus communis common or ground juniper 3 FACU Nt Shrub

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-38 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy LAMPUR 0 LAMIUM PURPUREUM purple dead nettle 5 UPL Ad A-Forb MALPUM 0 MALUS PUMILA apple 5 UPL Ad Tree MEDLUP 0 MEDICAGO LUPULINA black medick 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb PHAARU 0 PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHLPRA 0 PHLEUM PRATENSE timothy 3 FACU Ad P-Grass PHYHET 3 Physalis heterophylla clammy ground cherry 5 UPL Nt P-Forb PLALAN 0 PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA English plantain 0 FAC Ad P-Forb POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POAPRA 0 POA PRATENSIS Kentucky bluegrass 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree POTFRU 10 Potentilla fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil -3 FACW Nt Shrub POTREC 0 POTENTILLA RECTA rough fruited cinquefoil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry 1 FAC- Nt Shrub RHUTYP 2 Rhus typhina staghorn sumac 5 UPL Nt Tree RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub RUDHIR 1 Rudbeckia hirta black eyed susan 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SHECAN 7 Shepherdia canadensis soapberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SYRVUL 0 SYRINGA VULGARIS common lilac 5 UPL Ad Shrub THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TRADUB 0 TRAGOPOGON DUBIUS goat's beard 5 UPL Ad B-Forb TRIPRA 0 TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE red clover 2 FACU+ Ad P-Forb TRIREP 0 TRIFOLIUM REPENS white clover 2 FACU+ Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-39

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-40 Erber Preserve

Communities Natural Features • coastal fen • Killdeer (SGCN) • dune • Lake Huron locust (T) • mesic northern forest (last observed in 1998) • sand and gravel beach • Lake Huron tansy (T) • Least flycatcher (SGCN)

Invasive Species • bladder campion • narrow leaved cat-tail • bull thistle • phragmites (non-native) • Canada thistle • reed canary grass • common St. John’s wort • spotted knapweed • European swamp thistle

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-41 Erber Preserve - Mesic Northern Forest

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 66 Native 66 68.04% Adventive 31 31.96% Total Species 97 Tree 10 10.30% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4 Shrub 7 7.20% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 2.7 W-Vine 1 1.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 32.4 H-Vine 1 1.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 26.9 P-Forb 30 30.90% P-Forb 17 17.50% Native Mean W 1.5 B-Forb 0 0.00% B-Forb 3 3.10% w/Adventives 1.8 A-Forb 4 4.10% A-Forb 3 3.10% Average W FAC- P-Grass 2 2.10% P-Grass 7 7.20% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 7 7.20% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 5 5.20% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ABIBAL 3 Abies balsamea balsam fir -3 FACW Nt Tree ACEPEN 5 Acer pensylvanicum striped maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACESAU 5 Acer saccharum sugar maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ACTPAC 7 Actaea pachypoda doll's eyes 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ACTRUB 7 Actaea rubra red baneberry 5 UPL Nt P-Forb AGRGRY 2 Agrimonia gryposepala tall agrimony 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb AGRREP 0 AGROPYRON REPENS quack grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass ANAMAR 3 Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ANEQUI 5 Anemone quinquefolia wood anemone 0 FAC Nt P-Forb ARANUD 5 Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ARCMIN 0 ARCTIUM MINUS common burdock 5 UPL Ad B-Forb ARITRI 5 Arisaema triphyllum Jack in the pulpit -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb ASTLAT 2 Aster lateriflorus side flowering aster -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb ASTMAC 4 Aster macrophyllus big leaved aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BOTVIR 5 Botrychium virginianum rattlesnake fern 3 FACU Nt Fern BROINE 0 BROMUS INERMIS smooth brome 5 UPL Ad P-Grass CXARTT 3 Carex arctata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXDEWE 3 Carex deweyana sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXDISP 10 Carex disperma sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXINTU 3 Carex intumescens sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXPALL 5 Carex pallescens pale sedge 3 FACU Nt P-Sedge CXPEDU 5 Carex pedunculata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXROSE 2 Carex rosea curly styled wood sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CERFON 0 CERASTIUM FONTANUM mouse ear chickweed 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-42 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy CLIVUL 3 Clinopodium vulgare wild basil 5 UPL Nt P-Forb CORCOR 5 Corylus cornuta beaked hazelnut 5 UPL Nt Shrub DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass DAUCAR 0 DAUCUS CAROTA queen Anne's lace 5 UPL Ad B-Forb DESCES 9 Deschampsia cespitosa hair grass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass EPIVIR 10 Epifagus virginiana beech drops 5 UPL Nt P-Forb EPIPACTIS EPIHEL 0 HELLEBORINE helleborine 5 UPL Ad P-Forb EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally EQUHYE 2 Equisetum hyemale scouring rush -2 FACW- Nt Fern Ally EQUVAR 8 Equisetum variegatum variegated scouring rush -3 FACW Nt Fern Ally FAGGRA 6 Fagus grandifolia American beech 3 FACU Nt Tree FESARU 0 FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA tall fescue 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb FRAAME 5 Fraxinus americana white ash 3 FACU Nt Tree GALTRR 4 Galium triflorum fragrant bedstraw 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb GERMAC 4 Geranium maculatum wild geranium 3 FACU Nt P-Forb GERROB 3 Geranium robertianum herb robert 5 UPL Nt A-Forb GNAULI 3 Gnaphalium uliginosum low cudweed 0 FAC Nt A-Forb HERMAX 3 Heracleum maximum cow parsnip -3 FACW Nt P-Forb HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HUMLUP 3 Humulus lupulus common hop 3 FACU Nt H-Vine HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb LAMPUR 0 LAMIUM PURPUREUM purple dead nettle 5 UPL Ad A-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb LONCAN 5 Lonicera canadensis American fly honeysuckle 3 FACU Nt Shrub MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MEDLUP 0 MEDICAGO LUPULINA black medick 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb MELLIN 6 Melampyrum lineare cow wheat 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb MELALB 0 MELILOTUS ALBA white sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb MENPIP 0 MENTHA PIPERITA peppermint -5 OBL Ad P-Forb MENSPI 0 MENTHA SPICATA spearmint -4 FACW+ Ad P-Forb MITNUD 8 Mitella nuda naked miterwort -3 FACW Nt P-Forb OSMCLI 4 Osmorhiza claytonii hairy sweet cicely 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb OSTVIR 5 Ostrya virginiana ironwood; hop hornbeam 4 FACU- Nt Tree PHALARIS PHAARU 0 ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHLPRA 0 PHLEUM PRATENSE timothy 3 FACU Ad P-Grass PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree PLAMAJ 0 PLANTAGO MAJOR common plantain -1 FAC+ Ad P-Forb POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POLPAU 7 Polygala paucifolia gay wings 3 FACU Nt P-Forb POLPUB 5 Polygonatum pubescens downy solomon seal 5 UPL Nt P-Forb POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree PRUVUL 0 PRUNELLA VULGARIS lawn prunella 0 FAC Nt P-Forb PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry 1 FAC- Nt Shrub PTEAQU 0 Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern 3 FACU Nt Fern

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-43 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy PYRELL 6 Pyrola elliptica large leaved shinleaf 5 UPL Nt P-Forb RANABO 0 Ranunculus abortivus small flowered buttercup -2 FACW- Nt A-Forb RANACR 0 RANUNCULUS ACRIS tall or common buttercup -2 FACW- Ad P-Forb prickly or wild RIBCYN 4 Ribes cynosbati gooseberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub ROSACI 4 Rosa acicularis wild rose 3 FACU Nt Shrub RUBPUB 4 Rubus pubescens dwarf raspberry -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub RUMOBT 0 RUMEX OBTUSIFOLIUS bitter dock -3 FACW Ad P-Forb SAPONARIA SAPOFF 0 OFFICINALIS bouncing bet 3 FACU Ad P-Forb SEDACR 0 SEDUM ACRE mossy stonecrop 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SEDTEL 0 SEDUM TELEPHIUM live forever 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SMISTE 5 Smilacina stellata starry false solomon seal 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLRUG 3 Solidago rugosa rough goldenrod -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb SYMALB 5 Symphoricarpos albus snowberry 4 FACU- Nt Shrub TANVUL 0 TANACETUM VULGARE garden tansy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb TARAXACUM TAROFF 0 OFFICINALE common dandelion 3 FACU Ad P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TOXRYD 3 Toxicodendron rydbergii poison ivy 0 FAC Nt W-Vine TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb TRIPRA 0 TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE red clover 2 FACU+ Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-44 Erber Preserve - Dunes

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 31 Native 31 65.95% Adventive 16 34.04% Total Species 47 Tree 6 12.80% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.3 Shrub 7 14.90% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 2.9 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 24.4 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 20.1 P-Forb 8 17.00% P-Forb 7 14.90% Native Mean W 0.5 B-Forb 2 4.30% B-Forb 3 6.40% w/Adventives 0.9 A-Forb 0 0.00% A-Forb 0 0.00% Average W FAC- P-Grass 6 12.80% P-Grass 5 10.60% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 0 0.00% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 3 6.40% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ABIBAL 3 Abies balsamea balsam fir -3 FACW Nt Tree ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb AGRDAS 10 Agropyron dasystachyum wheat grass 4 FACU- Nt P-Grass AGRREP 0 AGROPYRON REPENS quack grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AGRHYE 4 Agrostis hyemalis ticklegrass 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass AMMBRE 10 Ammophila breviligulata marram grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass ARTCAM 5 Artemisia campestris wormwood 0 FAC Nt B-Forb ASTLAE 5 Aster laevis smooth aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAN 2 Aster lanceolatus eastern lined aster -3 FACW Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree CALLON 10 Calamovilfa longifolia sand reed grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CIRARV 0 CIRSIUM ARVENSE Canadian thistle 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CIRPAL 0 CIRSIUM PALUSTRE marsh thistle -4 FACW+ Ad B-Forb DAUCAR 0 DAUCUS CAROTA queen Anne's lace 5 UPL Ad B-Forb ELYCAN 7 Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass EPIHEL 0 EPIPACTIS HELLEBORINE helleborine 5 UPL Ad P-Forb EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally EQUHYE 2 Equisetum hyemale scouring rush -2 FACW- Nt Fern Ally FESARU 0 FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA tall fescue 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb common or ground JUNCOI 4 Juniperus communis juniper 3 FACU Nt Shrub LATJAP 10 Lathyrus japonicus beach pea 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb MENPIP 0 MENTHA PIPERITA peppermint -5 OBL Ad P-Forb common evening OENBIE 2 Oenothera biennis primrose 3 FACU Nt B-Forb PHAARU 0 PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-45 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy PHLPRA 0 PHLEUM PRATENSE timothy 3 FACU Ad P-Grass PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree PINSTR 3 Pinus strobus white pine 3 FACU Nt Tree POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar -3 FACW Nt Tree POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb PTEAQU 0 Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern 3 FACU Nt Fern RUMOBT 0 RUMEX OBTUSIFOLIUS bitter dock -3 FACW Ad P-Forb SALBEB 1 Salix bebbiana Bebb's willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALDIS 1 Salix discolor pussy willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALEXI 1 Salix exigua sandbar willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SALLUC 3 Salix lucida shining willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALMYR 9 Salix myricoides blueleaf willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SAPOFF 0 SAPONARIA OFFICINALIS bouncing bet 3 FACU Ad P-Forb SHECAN 7 Shepherdia canadensis soapberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SOLSIM 10 Solidago simplex Gillman's goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb TANHUR 10 Tanacetum huronense Lake Huron tansy (T) 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TRIREP 0 TRIFOLIUM REPENS white clover 2 FACU+ Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-46 Erber Preserve - Shores

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 59 Native 59 83.60% Adventive 14 16.40% Total Species 73 Tree 3 4.10% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4 Shrub 6 8.20% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 3.4 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 31.5 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 28.8 P-Forb 28 38.40% P-Forb 5 6.80% Native Mean W -3 B-Forb 2 2.70% B-Forb 3 4.10% w/Adventives -2.5 A-Forb 4 5.50% A-Forb 1 1.40% Average W FACW P-Grass 5 6.80% P-Grass 3 4.10% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 9 12.30% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 4 5.50% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb AGAPUR 7 Agalinis purpurea purple gerardia -3 FACW Nt A-Forb AGRREP 0 AGROPYRON REPENS quack grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass AGRHYE 4 Agrostis hyemalis ticklegrass 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass ANAMAR 3 Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAT 2 Aster lateriflorus side flowering aster -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BIDCER 3 Bidens cernuus nodding bur marigold -5 OBL Nt A-Forb BIDCON 5 Bidens connatus purple stemmed tickseed -5 OBL Nt A-Forb CXBEBB 4 Carex bebbii sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXFLAV 4 Carex flava sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXHYST 2 Carex hystericina sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXVIRI 4 Carex viridula sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CICBUL 5 Cicuta bulbifera water hemlock -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CIRARV 0 CIRSIUM ARVENSE Canadian thistle 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CIRPAL 0 CIRSIUM PALUSTRE marsh thistle -4 FACW+ Ad B-Forb CIRVUL 0 CIRSIUM VULGARE bull thistle 4 FACU- Ad B-Forb DAUCAR 0 DAUCUS CAROTA queen Anne's lace 5 UPL Ad B-Forb ELEELL 6 Eleocharis elliptica golden seeded spike rush -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge ELEERY 4 Eleocharis erythropoda spike rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge ELEQUI 10 Eleocharis quinqueflora spike rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge ELYCAN 7 Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass EPICIL 3 Epilobium ciliatum willow herb 3 FACU Nt P-Forb EPICOL 3 Epilobium coloratum cinnamon willow herb -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally EQUHYE 2 Equisetum hyemale scouring rush -2 FACW- Nt Fern Ally EQULAE 2 Equisetum laevigatum smooth scouring rush -3 FACW Nt Fern Ally EQUVAR 8 Equisetum variegatum variegated scouring rush -3 FACW Nt Fern Ally EUPMAM 4 Eupatorium maculatum Joe pye weed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-47 EUPPER 4 Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb EUTGRA 3 Euthamia graminifolia grass leaved goldenrod -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb FESTUCA FESARU 0 ARUNDINACEA tall fescue 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb GALTIN 5 Galium tinctorium stiff bedstraw -5 OBL Nt P-Forb GALTRD 6 Galium trifidum small bedstraw -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb IMPCAP 2 Impatiens capensis spotted touch me not -3 FACW Nt A-Forb IRIVER 5 Iris versicolor wild blue flag -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNALP 5 Juncus alpinus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNART 3 Juncus articulatus jointed rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBAL 4 Juncus balticus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBRE 8 Juncus brevicaudatus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNDUD 1 Juncus dudleyi Dudley’s rush 0 FAC Nt P-Forb JUNNOD 5 Juncus nodosus joint rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LEEORY 3 Leersia oryzoides cut grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass LOBKAL 10 Lobelia kalmii bog lobelia -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYCAME 2 Lycopus americanus common water horehound -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYSTHY 6 Lysimachia thyrsiflora tufted loosestrife -5 OBL Nt P-Forb MENPIP 0 MENTHA PIPERITA peppermint -5 OBL Ad P-Forb OENBIE 2 Oenothera biennis common evening primrose 3 FACU Nt B-Forb PARGLA 8 Parnassia glauca grass of parnassus -5 OBL Nt P-Forb PHALARIS PHAARU 0 ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHRAGMITES PHRAUS 0 AUSTRALIS phragmites (non-native) -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POLYGONUM POLPER 0 PERSICARIA lady's thumb -3 FACW Ad A-Forb POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar -3 FACW Nt Tree POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb RHAALN 8 Rhamnus alnifolia alder leaved buckthorn -5 OBL Nt Shrub RHYCAL 10 Rhynchospora capillacea beak rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge RUMOBT 0 RUMEX OBTUSIFOLIUS bitter dock -3 FACW Ad P-Forb SALBEB 1 Salix bebbiana Bebb's willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALDIS 1 Salix discolor pussy willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALEXI 1 Salix exigua sandbar willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SALLUC 3 Salix lucida shining willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALMYR 9 Salix myricoides blueleaf willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SCHPUN 5 Schoenoplectus pungens three square -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SPICER 4 Spiranthes cernua nodding ladies' tresses -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TRIPAL 8 Triglochin palustris slender bog arrow grass -5 OBL Nt P-Forb TYPANG 0 TYPHA ANGUSTIFOLIA narrow leaved cattail -5 OBL Ad P-Forb Veronica anagallis- VERANA 4 aquatica water speedwell -5 OBL Nt B-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-48 Haveman/Roberts Easement

Communities Natural Features • coastal fen • Lake Huron tansy (T) • dry-mesic northern forest • mesic northern forest (EO) • dune • Northern flicker (SGCN) • mesic northern forest • Pitcher’s thistle (LT, T) • rich conifer swamp • sand and gravel beach

Invasive Species • bladder campion • narrow leaved cat-tail • bull thistle • phragmites (non-native) • Canada thistle • reed canary grass • coltsfoot • spotted knapweed • common St. John’s wort • sweet clover • European swamp thistle

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-49 Haveman/Roberts Easement - Mesic Northern Forest

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 97 Native 97 74.00% Adventive 34 26.00% Total Species 131 Tree 14 10.70% Tree 1 0.80% Native Mean C 4 Shrub 7 5.30% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 3 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 39.4 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 33.9 P-Forb 36 27.50% P-Forb 11 8.40% Native Mean W 0.6 B-Forb 0 0.00% B-Forb 6 4.60% w/Adventives 1.1 A-Forb 4 3.10% A-Forb 8 6.10% Average Wetness FAC- P-Grass 4 3.10% P-Grass 8 6.10% A-Grass 1 0.80% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 20 15.30% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 11 0.084 Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name common name W Wetness Physiognomy ABIBAL 3 Abies balsamea balsam fir -3 FACW Nt Tree ACEPEN 5 Acer pensylvanicum striped maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACERUB 1 Acer rubrum red maple 0 FAC Nt Tree ACESAU 5 Acer saccharum sugar maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ACTRUB 7 Actaea rubra red baneberry 5 UPL Nt P-Forb AGRSTR 3 Agrimonia striata agrimony 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb AGRREP 0 AGROPYRON REPENS quack grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass ALLTRI 5 Allium tricoccum wild leek 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb ANAMAR 3 Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ARANUD 5 Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ARENARIA thyme leaved ARESER 0 SERPYLLIFOLIA sandwort 0 FAC Ad A-Forb ARITRI 5 Arisaema triphyllum Jack in the pulpit -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb ASTLAT 2 Aster lateriflorus side flowering aster -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb ASTMAC 4 Aster macrophyllus big leaved aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ATHFIL 4 Athyrium filix-femina lady fern 0 FAC Nt Fern BARVUL 0 BARBAREA VULGARIS yellow rocket 0 FAC Ad B-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BRARAP 0 BRASSICA RAPA field mustard 5 UPL Ad A-Forb BROINE 0 BROMUS INERMIS smooth brome 5 UPL Ad P-Grass CXARTT 3 Carex arctata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXBEBB 4 Carex bebbii sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXCOMM 2 Carex communis sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXCRIN 4 Carex crinita sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXDEWE 3 Carex deweyana sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXDISP 10 Carex disperma sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXINTE 3 Carex interior sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-50 Acronym C Scientific Name common name W Wetness Physiognomy CXINTU 3 Carex intumescens sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXLAXF 8 Carex laxiflora sedge 0 FAC Nt P-Sedge CXORMO 5 Carex ormostachya sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXPALL 5 Carex pallescens pale sedge 3 FACU Nt P-Sedge CXPEDU 5 Carex pedunculata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge straight styled wood CXRADI 2 Carex radiata sedge 1 FAC- Nt P-Sedge curly styled wood CXROSE 2 Carex rosea sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXSCAB 4 Carex scabrata sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXTENE 4 Carex tenera sedge -1 FAC+ Nt P-Sedge CXVULP 1 Carex vulpinoidea sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXWOOD 8 Carex woodii sedge 0 FAC Nt P-Sedge CERARV 6 Cerastium arvense field chickweed 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb mouse ear CERFON 0 CERASTIUM FONTANUM chickweed 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CERNUT 4 Cerastium nutans nodding chickweed 2 FACU+ Nt A-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb enchanter's CIRLUT 2 Circaea lutetiana nightshade 3 FACU Nt P-Forb CIRPAL 0 CIRSIUM PALUSTRE marsh thistle -4 FACW+ Ad B-Forb CIRVUL 0 CIRSIUM VULGARE bull thistle 4 FACU- Ad B-Forb CLIVUL 3 Clinopodium vulgare wild basil 5 UPL Nt P-Forb CONCAN 0 Conyza canadensis horseweed 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb COPTRI 5 Coptis trifolia goldthread -3 FACW Nt P-Forb CORCAA 6 Cornus canadensis bunchberry 0 FAC Nt Shrub CORCOR 5 Corylus cornuta beaked hazelnut 5 UPL Nt Shrub CYNOGLOSSUM CYNOFF 0 OFFICINALE hound's tongue 5 UPL Ad B-Forb DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass poverty grass; DANSPI 4 Danthonia spicata oatgrass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass DRYCAR 5 Dryopteris carthusiana spinulose woodfern -2 FACW- Nt Fern ECHMUR 1 Echinochloa muricata barnyard grass -5 OBL Nt A-Grass EPIVIR 10 Epifagus virginiana beech drops 5 UPL Nt P-Forb EPIPACTIS EPIHEL 0 HELLEBORINE helleborine 5 UPL Ad P-Forb FAGGRA 6 Fagus grandifolia American beech 3 FACU Nt Tree FESRUB 0 FESTUCA RUBRA red fescue 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass FRAAME 5 Fraxinus americana white ash 3 FACU Nt Tree FRAPEN 2 Fraxinus pennsylvanica red ash -3 FACW Nt Tree GALTRR 4 Galium triflorum fragrant bedstraw 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb GEUCAN 1 Geum canadense white avens 0 FAC Nt P-Forb GLYSTR 4 Glyceria striata fowl manna grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass GYMDRY 5 Gymnocarpium dryopteris oak fern 0 FAC Nt Fern round lobed HEPAME 6 Hepatica americana hepatica 5 UPL Nt P-Forb HUPLUC 5 Huperzia lucidula shining clubmoss -1 FAC+ Nt Fern Ally HYPERICUM common St. John's HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-51 Acronym C Scientific Name common name W Wetness Physiognomy JUNEFF 3 Juncus effusus soft stemmed rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNTEN 1 Juncus tenuis path rush 0 FAC Nt P-Forb LAPCOM 0 LAPSANA COMMUNIS nipplewort 5 UPL Ad A-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb LYCANN 5 Lycopodium annotinum stiff clubmoss 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally running ground LYCCLA 4 Lycopodium clavatum pine 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally LYCOBS 5 Lycopodium obscurum ground pine 3 FACU Nt Fern Ally MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MALPUM 0 MALUS PUMILA apple 5 UPL Ad Tree MATSTR 3 Matteuccia struthiopteris ostrich fern -3 FACW Nt Fern Indian cucumber MEDVIR 10 Medeola virginiana root 5 UPL Nt P-Forb MEDLUP 0 MEDICAGO LUPULINA black medick 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb MITREP 5 Mitchella repens partridge berry 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb MITNUD 8 Mitella nuda naked miterwort -3 FACW Nt P-Forb MONOUN 5 Monotropa uniflora Indian pipe 3 FACU Nt P-Forb MUHMEX 3 Muhlenbergia mexicana leafy satin grass -3 FACW Nt P-Grass ONOSEN 2 Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern -3 FACW Nt Fern rough leaved rice ORYASP 6 Oryzopsis asperifolia grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass OSMCLI 4 Osmorhiza claytonii hairy sweet cicely 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb ironwood; hop OSTVIR 5 Ostrya virginiana hornbeam 4 FACU- Nt Tree common yellow OXASTR 0 Oxalis stricta wood sorrel 3 FACU Nt P-Forb PHLPRA 0 PHLEUM PRATENSE timothy 3 FACU Ad P-Grass PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree PINSTR 3 Pinus strobus white pine 3 FACU Nt Tree PLAMAJ 0 PLANTAGO MAJOR common plantain -1 FAC+ Ad P-Forb POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POAPRA 0 POA PRATENSIS Kentucky bluegrass 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass POLPAU 7 Polygala paucifolia gay wings 3 FACU Nt P-Forb POLYGONUM POLCON 0 CONVOLVULUS false buckwheat 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb POLYGONUM POLPER 0 PERSICARIA lady's thumb -3 FACW Ad A-Forb POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree POTNOR 0 Potentilla norvegica rough cinquefoil 0 FAC Nt A-Forb PRUVUL 0 PRUNELLA VULGARIS lawn prunella 0 FAC Nt P-Forb PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry 1 FAC- Nt Shrub small flowered RANABO 0 Ranunculus abortivus buttercup -2 FACW- Nt A-Forb tall or common RANACR 0 RANUNCULUS ACRIS buttercup -2 FACW- Ad P-Forb ROSACI 4 Rosa acicularis wild rose 3 FACU Nt Shrub RUBALL 1 Rubus allegheniensis common blackberry 2 FACU+ Nt Shrub RUBOCC 1 Rubus occidentalis black raspberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub RUBPUB 4 Rubus pubescens dwarf raspberry -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-52 Acronym C Scientific Name common name W Wetness Physiognomy RUMCRI 0 RUMEX CRISPUS curly dock -1 FAC+ Ad P-Forb SCIATR 3 Scirpus atrovirens bulrush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SCICYP 5 Scirpus cyperinus wool grass -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SCULAT 5 Scutellaria lateriflora mad dog skullcap -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SMIRAC 5 Smilacina racemosa false spikenard 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLCAR 0 SOLANUM CAROLINENSE horse nettle 4 FACU- Ad P-Forb STEMED 0 STELLARIA MEDIA common chickweed 3 FACU Ad A-Forb SYMFOE 6 Symplocarpus foetidus skunk cabbage -5 OBL Nt P-Forb TARAXACUM TAROFF 0 OFFICINALE common dandelion 3 FACU Ad P-Forb THEHEX 8 Thelypteris hexagonoptera broad beech fern 1 FAC- Nt Fern THENOV 5 Thelypteris noveboracensis New York fern -1 FAC+ Nt Fern THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb TRIPRA 0 TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE red clover 2 FACU+ Ad P-Forb TRICER 5 Trillium cernuum nodding trillium 0 FAC Nt P-Forb TRIGRA 5 Trillium grandiflorum common trillium 5 UPL Nt P-Forb TSUCAN 5 Tsuga canadensis hemlock 3 FACU Nt Tree VERTHA 0 VERBASCUM THAPSUS common mullein 5 UPL Ad B-Forb VERFIL 0 VERONICA FILIFORMIS slender speedwell 5 UPL Ad P-Forb VICCRA 0 VICIA CRACCA bird vetch 5 UPL Ad A-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-53 Haveman/Roberts Conservation Easement – Dry-Mesic Northern Forest

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 50 Native 50 69.40% Adventive 22 30.60% Total Species 72 Tree 7 9.70% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.0 Shrub 10 13.90% Shrub 1 1.40% w/Adventives 2.8 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 28.3 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 23.6 P-Forb 20 27.80% P-Forb 9 12.50% Native Mean W 1.0 B-Forb 0 0.00% B-Forb 2 2.80% w/Adventives 1.6 A-Forb 4 5.60% A-Forb 3 4.20% Average Wetness FAC- P-Grass 3 4.20% P-Grass 7 9.70% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 3 4.20% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 4 5.60% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ABIBAL 3 Abies balsamea balsam fir -3 FACW Nt Tree ACEPEN 5 Acer pensylvanicum striped maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACERUB 1 Acer rubrum red maple 0 FAC Nt Tree ACESAU 5 Acer saccharum sugar maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACESPI 5 Acer spicatum mountain maple 3 FACU Nt Tree AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AMBART 0 Ambrosia artemisiifolia common ragweed 3 FACU Nt A-Forb ANAMAR 3 Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting 5 UPL Nt P-Forb APOAND 3 Apocynum androsaemifolium spreading dogbane 5 UPL Nt P-Forb AQUCAN 5 Aquilegia canadensis wild columbine 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb ARANUD 5 Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ARESYR 0 Arenaria serpyllifolia thyme-leaved sandwort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb ASTLAT 2 Aster lateriflorus side flowering aster -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb ASTMAC 4 Aster macrophyllus big leaved aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb BOTVIR 5 Botrychium virginianum rattlesnake fern 3 FACU Nt Fern CXARTT 3 Carex arctata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXEBUR 7 Carex eburnea sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXPEDU 5 Carex pedunculata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CERFON 0 CERASTIUM FONTANUM mouse ear chickweed 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb COPTRI 5 Coptis trifolia goldthread -3 FACW Nt P-Forb CORCAA 6 Cornus canadensis bunchberry 0 FAC Nt Shrub CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood -3 FACW Nt Shrub CORCOR 5 Corylus cornuta beaked hazelnut 5 UPL Nt Shrub DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass DANSPI 4 Danthonia spicata poverty grass; oatgrass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass DESCES 9 Deschampsia cespitosa hair grass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-54 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy DRYCAR 5 Dryopteris carthusiana spinulose woodfern -2 FACW- Nt Fern EPIHEL 0 EPIPACTIS HELLEBORINE helleborine 5 UPL Ad P-Forb FAGGRA 6 Fagus grandifolia American beech 3 FACU Nt Tree FESOVI 0 FESTUCA OVINA sheep fescue 5 UPL Ad P-Grass FESRUB 0 FESTUCA RUBRA red fescue 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb GALTRR 4 Galium triflorum fragrant bedstraw 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb GAUHIS 8 Gaultheria hispidula creeping snowberry -3 FACW Nt Shrub HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb IMPCAP 2 Impatiens capensis spotted touch me not -3 FACW Nt A-Forb LAMPUR 0 LAMIUM PURPUREUM purple dead nettle 5 UPL Ad A-Forb LEOCAR 0 LEONURUS CARDIACA motherwort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb LOLPER 0 LOLIUM PERENNE perennial rye grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MATSTR 3 Matteuccia struthiopteris ostrich fern -3 FACW Nt Fern MEDLUP 0 MEDICAGO LUPULINA black medick 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb MELLIN 6 Melampyrum lineare cow wheat 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb ORYASP 6 Oryzopsis asperifolia rough leaved rice grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass PHYOPU 4 Physocarpus opulifolius ninebark -2 FACW- Nt Shrub PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree PLALAN 0 PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA English plantain 0 FAC Ad P-Forb POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POAPRA 0 POA PRATENSIS Kentucky bluegrass 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass POLPAU 7 Polygala paucifolia gay wings 3 FACU Nt P-Forb POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb POTNOR 0 Potentilla norvegica rough cinquefoil 0 FAC Nt A-Forb PRUVUL 0 PRUNELLA VULGARIS lawn prunella 0 FAC Nt P-Forb PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry 1 FAC- Nt Shrub PTEAQU 0 Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern 3 FACU Nt Fern RANACR 0 RANUNCULUS ACRIS tall or common buttercup -2 FACW- Ad P-Forb ROSBLA 3 Rosa blanda wild rose 3 FACU Nt Shrub RUBPUB 4 Rubus pubescens dwarf raspberry -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SISMON 4 Sisyrinchium montanum mountain blue eyed grass -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb SMISTE 5 Smilacina stellata starry false solomon seal 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb SOLRUG 3 Solidago rugosa rough goldenrod -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb SYMALB 5 Symphoricarpos albus snowberry 4 FACU- Nt Shrub TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb VACANG 4 Vaccinium angustifolium blueberry 3 FACU Nt Shrub VERTHA 0 VERBASCUM THAPSUS common mullein 5 UPL Ad B-Forb VINMIN 0 VINCA MINOR periwinkle 5 UPL Ad Shrub

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-55 Haveman/Roberts Easement - Rich Conifer Swamp

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 48 Native 48 85.70% Adventive 8 14.30% Total Species 56 Tree 11 19.60% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.5 Shrub 7 12.50% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 3.9 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 31.3 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 29.0 P-Forb 18 32.10% P-Forb 3 5.40% Native Mean W 1.4 B-Forb 0 0.00% B-Forb 1 1.80% w/Adventives 1.6 A-Forb 0 0.00% A-Forb 1 1.80% Average Wetness FAC- P-Grass 3 5.40% P-Grass 3 5.40% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 3 5.40% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 6 10.70% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ABIBAL 3 Abies balsamea balsam fir -3 FACW Nt Tree ACEPEN 5 Acer pensylvanicum striped maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACERUB 1 Acer rubrum red maple 0 FAC Nt Tree ANAMAR 3 Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting 5 UPL Nt P-Forb APOAND 3 Apocynum androsaemifolium spreading dogbane 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ARANUD 5 Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ASTMAC 4 Aster macrophyllus big leaved aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BOTVIR 5 Botrychium virginianum rattlesnake fern 3 FACU Nt Fern CXDEWE 3 Carex deweyana sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXEBUR 7 Carex eburnea sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXPEDU 5 Carex pedunculata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CERFON 0 CERASTIUM FONTANUM mouse ear chickweed 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb CIRLUT 2 Circaea lutetiana enchanter's nightshade 3 FACU Nt P-Forb COPTRI 5 Coptis trifolia goldthread -3 FACW Nt P-Forb CORCAA 6 Cornus canadensis bunchberry 0 FAC Nt Shrub DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass DANSPI 4 Danthonia spicata poverty grass; oatgrass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass DIELON 4 Diervilla lonicera bush honeysuckle 5 UPL Nt Shrub DRYCAR 5 Dryopteris carthusiana spinulose woodfern -2 FACW- Nt Fern FESRUB 0 FESTUCA RUBRA red fescue 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass GALTRR 4 Galium triflorum fragrant bedstraw 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb GAUHIS 8 Gaultheria hispidula creeping snowberry -3 FACW Nt Shrub GLYSTR 4 Glyceria striata fowl manna grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass Menzies' rattlesnake GOOOBL 6 Goodyera oblongifolia plantain 5 UPL Nt P-Forb GYMDRY 5 Gymnocarpium dryopteris oak fern 0 FAC Nt Fern

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-56 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy HUPLUC 5 Huperzia lucidula shining clubmoss -1 FAC+ Nt Fern Ally LAMPUR 0 LAMIUM PURPUREUM purple dead nettle 5 UPL Ad A-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb LONCAN 5 Lonicera canadensis American fly honeysuckle 3 FACU Nt Shrub LYCANN 5 Lycopodium annotinum stiff clubmoss 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally LYCOBS 5 Lycopodium obscurum ground pine 3 FACU Nt Fern Ally MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MITNUD 8 Mitella nuda naked miterwort -3 FACW Nt P-Forb MONOUN 5 Monotropa uniflora Indian pipe 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ORYASP 6 Oryzopsis asperifolia rough leaved rice grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree PINRES 6 Pinus resinosa red pine 3 FACU Nt Tree POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POLPAU 7 Polygala paucifolia gay wings 3 FACU Nt P-Forb POLPUB 5 Polygonatum pubescens downy solomon seal 5 UPL Nt P-Forb POPGRA 4 Populus grandidentata big toothed aspen 3 FACU Nt Tree POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree QUERUB 5 Quercus rubra red oak 3 FACU Nt Tree RANACR 0 RANUNCULUS ACRIS tall or common buttercup -2 FACW- Ad P-Forb RUBPUB 4 Rubus pubescens dwarf raspberry -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub SHECAN 7 Shepherdia canadensis soapberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub SORAME 4 Sorbus americana American mountain ash -1 FAC+ Nt Tree SYMALB 5 Symphoricarpos albus snowberry 4 FACU- Nt Shrub SYMFOE 6 Symplocarpus foetidus skunk cabbage -5 OBL Nt P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb VERTHA 0 VERBASCUM THAPSUS common mullein 5 UPL Ad B-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-57 Haveman/Roberts Conservation Easement - Dunes

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: NATIVE SPECIES 58 Native 58 76.30% Adventive 18 23.70% Total Species 76 Tree 6 7.90% Tree 0 0.00% NATIVE MEAN C 4.9 Shrub 13 17.10% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 3.8 W-Vine 1 1.30% W-Vine 0 0.00% NATIVE FQI 37.4 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 32.7 P-Forb 17 22.40% P-Forb 7 9.20% NATIVE MEAN W 0.9 B-Forb 4 5.30% B-Forb 6 7.90% w/Adventives 1.5 A-Forb 2 2.60% A-Forb 1 1.30% Average Wetness FAC- P-Grass 12 15.80% P-Grass 4 5.30% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 1 1.30% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 2 2.60% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb AGRDAS 10 Agropyron dasystachyum wheat grass 4 FACU- Nt P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AGRHYE 4 Agrostis hyemalis ticklegrass 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass AMMBRE 10 Ammophila breviligulata marram grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass ANDSCO 5 Andropogon scoparius little bluestem grass 3 FACU Nt P-Grass ARALYR 7 Arabis lyrata sand cress 4 FACU- Nt B-Forb ARCUVA 8 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi bearberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub ARTCAM 5 Artemisia campestris wormwood 0 FAC Nt B-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAE 5 Aster laevis smooth aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAN 2 Aster lanceolatus eastern lined aster -3 FACW Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree CALSTR 10 Calamagrostis stricta narrow leaved reedgrass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass CALLON 10 Calamovilfa longifolia sand reed grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass CAMROT 6 Campanula rotundifolia harebell 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb CXEBUR 7 Carex eburnea sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb CIRARV 0 CIRSIUM ARVENSE Canadian thistle 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CIRPIT 10 Cirsium pitcheri Pitcher's thistle (LT,T) 5 UPL Nt B-Forb CIRVUL 0 CIRSIUM VULGARE bull thistle 4 FACU- Ad B-Forb CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood -3 FACW Nt Shrub CORVAR 0 CORONILLA VARIA crown vetch 5 UPL Ad P-Forb DANSPI 4 Danthonia spicata poverty grass; oatgrass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass DAUCAR 0 DAUCUS CAROTA queen Anne's lace 5 UPL Ad B-Forb ELYCAN 7 Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-58 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy EQUHYE 2 Equisetum hyemale scouring rush -2 FACW- Nt Fern Ally ERISTR 4 Erigeron strigosus daisy fleabane 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb EUTGRA 3 Euthamia graminifolia grass leaved goldenrod -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb FESARU 0 FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA tall fescue 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb GAUHIS 8 Gaultheria hispidula creeping snowberry -3 FACW Nt Shrub HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb common or ground JUNCOI 4 Juniperus communis juniper 3 FACU Nt Shrub JUNHOR 10 Juniperus horizontalis creeping juniper 1 FAC- Nt Shrub LAMPUR 0 LAMIUM PURPUREUM purple dead nettle 5 UPL Ad A-Forb LATJAP 10 Lathyrus japonicus beach pea 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb LITCAR 10 Lithospermum caroliniense plains puccoon 5 UPL Nt P-Forb MELLIN 6 Melampyrum lineare cow wheat 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb MELALB 0 MELILOTUS ALBA white sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb MELLOF 0 MELILOTUS OFFICINALIS yellow sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb MUHMEX 3 Muhlenbergia mexicana leafy satin grass -3 FACW Nt P-Grass common evening OENBIE 2 Oenothera biennis primrose 3 FACU Nt B-Forb ORYASP 6 Oryzopsis asperifolia rough leaved rice grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass PANIMP 3 Panicum implicatum panic grass 0 FAC Nt P-Grass PHRAUS 0 Phragmites australis phragmites (non-native) -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree PINSTR 3 Pinus strobus white pine 3 FACU Nt Tree POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POAPRA 0 POA PRATENSIS Kentucky bluegrass 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar -3 FACW Nt Tree POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb POTFRU 10 Potentilla fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil -3 FACW Nt Shrub POTNOR 0 Potentilla norvegica rough cinquefoil 0 FAC Nt A-Forb ROSBLA 3 Rosa blanda wild rose 3 FACU Nt Shrub ROSPAL 5 Rosa palustris swamp rose -5 OBL Nt Shrub RUDHIR 1 Rudbeckia hirta black eyed susan 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SALBEB 1 Salix bebbiana Bebb's willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALERI 2 Salix eriocephala willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALEXI 1 Salix exigua sandbar willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SALMYR 9 Salix myricoides blueleaf willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SAPOFF 0 SAPONARIA OFFICINALIS bouncing bet 3 FACU Ad P-Forb SHECAN 7 Shepherdia canadensis soapberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SMISTE 5 Smilacina stellata starry false solomon seal 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLSIM 10 Solidago simplex Gillman's goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb TANHUR 10 Tanacetum huronense Lake Huron tansy (T) 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-59 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy TOXRYD 3 Toxicodendron rydbergii poison ivy 0 FAC Nt W-Vine VERTHA 0 VERBASCUM THAPSUS common mullein 5 UPL Ad B-Forb ZIGGLA 10 Zigadenus glaucus white camas -3 FACW Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-60 Haveman/Roberts Conservation Easement - Shores

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 75 Native 75 78.95% Adventive 20 21.05% Total Species 95 Tree 6 6.30% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.7 Shrub 10 10.50% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 3.8 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 41.0 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 36.9 P-Forb 29 30.50% P-Forb 9 9.50% Native Mean W -2.5 B-Forb 2 2.10% B-Forb 4 4.20% w/Adventives -1.7 A-Forb 8 8.40% A-Forb 2 2.10% Average Wetness FACW- P-Grass 4 4.21% P-Grass 5 5.26% A-Grass 1 1.10% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 12 12.60% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 3 0.032 Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species:

Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb AGAPUR 7 Agalinis purpurea purple gerardia -3 FACW Nt A-Forb AGRREP 0 AGROPYRON REPENS quack grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AGRHYE 4 Agrostis hyemalis ticklegrass 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass ASCINC 6 Asclepias incarnata swamp milkweed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAN 2 Aster lanceolatus eastern lined aster -3 FACW Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree purple stemmed BIDCON 5 Bidens connatus tickseed -5 OBL Nt A-Forb CALSTR 10 Calamagrostis stricta narrow leaved reedgrass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass CALARK 10 Calamintha arkansana low calamint -3 FACW Nt P-Forb CAMAPR 7 Campanula aparinoides marsh bellflower -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CXAURE 3 Carex aurea sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXCRAE 10 Carex crawei sedge -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge CXDIAN 8 Carex diandra sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXHYST 2 Carex hystericina sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXINTE 3 Carex interior sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXSTER 10 Carex sterilis sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXVIRI 4 Carex viridula sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CHEALB 0 CHENOPODIUM ALBUM lamb's quarters 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb CIRARV 0 CIRSIUM ARVENSE Canadian thistle 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CIRPAL 0 CIRSIUM PALUSTRE marsh thistle -4 FACW+ Ad B-Forb CIRVUL 0 CIRSIUM VULGARE bull thistle 4 FACU- Ad B-Forb CONCAN 0 Conyza canadensis horseweed 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-61 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood -3 FACW Nt Shrub golden seeded spike ELEELL 6 Eleocharis elliptica rush -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge ELEERY 4 Eleocharis erythropoda spike rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge ELEQUI 10 Eleocharis quinqueflora spike rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge ELYCAN 7 Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass EPICIL 3 Epilobium ciliatum willow herb 3 FACU Nt P-Forb EPICOL 3 Epilobium coloratum cinnamon willow herb -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally EQUHYE 2 Equisetum hyemale scouring rush -2 FACW- Nt Fern Ally EQUVAR 8 Equisetum variegatum variegated scouring rush -3 FACW Nt Fern Ally EUPPER 4 Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb EUTGRA 3 Euthamia graminifolia grass leaved goldenrod -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb FESARU 0 FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA tall fescue 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb GENPRO 8 Gentianopsis procera small fringed gentian -5 OBL Nt A-Forb HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb Canadian St. John's HYPCAN 6 Hypericum canadense wort -3 FACW Nt A-Forb HYPKAL 10 Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's wort -2 FACW- Nt Shrub IRIVER 5 Iris versicolor wild blue flag -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNALP 5 Juncus alpinus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNART 3 Juncus articulatus jointed rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBAL 4 Juncus balticus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBRE 8 Juncus brevicaudatus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNEFF 3 Juncus effusus soft stemmed rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNNOD 5 Juncus nodosus joint rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LARLAR 5 Larix laricina tamarack -3 FACW Nt Tree LOBKAL 10 Lobelia kalmii bog lobelia -5 OBL Nt P-Forb common water LYCAME 2 Lycopus americanus horehound -5 OBL Nt P-Forb MELALB 0 MELILOTUS ALBA white sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb MENPIP 0 MENTHA PIPERITA peppermint -5 OBL Ad P-Forb common evening OENBIE 2 Oenothera biennis primrose 3 FACU Nt B-Forb PANCAP 1 Panicum capillare witch grass 0 FAC Nt A-Grass PANIMP 3 Panicum implicatum panic grass 0 FAC Nt P-Grass PARGLA 8 Parnassia glauca grass of parnassus -5 OBL Nt P-Forb PHALARIS PHAARU 0 ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHRAUS 0 PHRAGMITES AUSTRALIS phragmites (non-native) -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHYOPU 4 Physocarpus opulifolius ninebark -2 FACW- Nt Shrub PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree POLDOU 7 Polygonum ramosissimum bushy smartweed 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb POLLAP 0 Polygonum lapathifolium nodding smartweed -4 FACW+ Nt A-Forb POLYGONUM POLPER 0 PERSICARIA lady's thumb -3 FACW Ad A-Forb POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar -3 FACW Nt Tree POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-62 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb POTNOR 0 Potentilla norvegica rough cinquefoil 0 FAC Nt A-Forb dwarf Canadian PRIMIS 10 Primula mistassinica primrose -3 FACW Nt P-Forb RHYCAL 10 Rhynchospora capillacea beak rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SALBEB 1 Salix bebbiana Bebb's willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALCAN 9 Salix candida hoary willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SALCOR 10 Salix cordata sand dune willow -1 FAC+ Nt Shrub SALERI 2 Salix eriocephala willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALEXI 1 Salix exigua sandbar willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SALMYR 9 Salix myricoides blueleaf willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SCHPUN 5 Schoenoplectus pungens three square -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SHECAN 7 Shepherdia canadensis soapberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SOLCAR 0 SOLANUM CAROLINENSE horse nettle 4 FACU- Ad P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb TANHUR 10 Tanacetum huronense Lake Huron tansy (T) 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb TARAXACUM TAROFF 0 OFFICINALE common dandelion 3 FACU Ad P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree common bog arrow TRIMAR 8 Triglochin maritimum grass -5 OBL Nt P-Forb TRIPAL 8 Triglochin palustris slender bog arrow grass -5 OBL Nt P-Forb TUSFAR 0 TUSSILAGO FARFARA coltsfoot 3 FACU Ad P-Forb TYPANG 0 TYPHA ANGUSTIFOLIA narrow leaved cattail -5 OBL Ad P-Forb TYPLAT 1 Typha latifolia broad leaved cattail -5 OBL Nt P-Forb VERANA 4 Veronica anagallis-aquatica water speedwell -5 OBL Nt B-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-63

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-64 Barney’s Lake Preserve East

Communities Natural Features • bog • Bald eagle (SC) • mesic northern forest • Common loon (T) • northern fen • native phragmites • old field • seaside crowfoot (last obs. 1957) • Sora (SGCN)

Invasive Species • bladder campion • phragmites (non-native) • bull thistle • reed canary grass • Canada thistle • spotted knapweed • common St. John’s wort • sweet clover • European swamp thistle

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-65 Barney’s Lake Preserve East – Mesic Northern Forest

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 88 Native 88 86.30% Adventive 14 13.70% Total Species 102 Tree 14 13.70% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.0 Shrub 10 9.80% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 3.4 W-Vine 2 2.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 37.1 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 34.5 P-Forb 34 33.30% P-Forb 6 5.90% Native Mean W 2.3 B-Forb 2 2.00% B-Forb 2 2.00% w/Adventives 2.4 A-Forb 3 2.90% A-Forb 1 1.00% Average W FACU+ P-Grass 2 2.00% P-Grass 5 4.90% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 14 13.70% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 7 0.069% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ABIBAL 3 Abies balsamea balsam fir -3 FACW Nt Tree ACERUB 1 Acer rubrum red maple 0 FAC Nt Tree ACESAU 5 Acer saccharum sugar maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACTPAC 7 Actaea pachypoda doll's eyes 5 UPL Nt P-Forb AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass ALLTRI 5 Allium tricoccum wild leek 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb AMBART 0 Ambrosia artemisiifolia common ragweed 3 FACU Nt A-Forb ANAMAR 3 Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ANEQUI 5 Anemone quinquefolia wood anemone 0 FAC Nt P-Forb APOAND 3 Apocynum androsaemifolium spreading dogbane 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ARANUD 5 Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAE 5 Aster laevis smooth aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAN 2 Aster lanceolatus eastern lined aster -3 FACW Nt P-Forb ASTLAT 2 Aster lateriflorus side flowering aster -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb ASTMAC 4 Aster macrophyllus big leaved aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BOTMUL 5 Botrychium multifidum leather grape fern 3 FACU Nt Fern BOTVIR 5 Botrychium virginianum rattlesnake fern 3 FACU Nt Fern BROINE 0 BROMUS INERMIS smooth brome 5 UPL Ad P-Grass CXALBU 5 Carex albursina sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXARTT 3 Carex arctata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXBRUN 5 Carex brunnescens sedge -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge CXCOMM 2 Carex communis sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXDEWE 3 Carex deweyana sedge 4 FACU- Nt P-Sedge CXGRAA 4 Carex gracillima sedge 3 FACU Nt P-Sedge CXINTU 3 Carex intumescens sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXLAXF 8 Carex laxiflora sedge 0 FAC Nt P-Sedge CXORMO 5 Carex ormostachya sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-66 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy CXPALL 5 Carex pallescens pale sedge 3 FACU Nt P-Sedge CXPEDU 5 Carex pedunculata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXPENS 4 Carex pensylvanica sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge straight styled wood CXRADI 2 Carex radiata sedge 1 FAC- Nt P-Sedge CXROSE 2 Carex rosea curly styled wood sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CIRPAL 0 CIRSIUM PALUSTRE marsh thistle -4 FACW+ Ad B-Forb CORCAA 6 Cornus canadensis bunchberry 0 FAC Nt Shrub DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass DANSPI 4 Danthonia spicata poverty grass; oatgrass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass DIELON 4 Diervilla lonicera bush honeysuckle 5 UPL Nt Shrub DRYCAR 5 Dryopteris carthusiana spinulose woodfern -2 FACW- Nt Fern EPIVIR 10 Epifagus virginiana beech drops 5 UPL Nt P-Forb EPIHEL 0 EPIPACTIS HELLEBORINE helleborine 5 UPL Ad P-Forb ERIANN 0 Erigeron annuus annual fleabane 1 FAC- Nt B-Forb FAGGRA 6 Fagus grandifolia American beech 3 FACU Nt Tree GALCIR 4 Galium circaezans white wild licorice 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb GALLAN 4 Galium lanceolatum yellow wild licorice 5 UPL Nt P-Forb GALTRR 4 Galium triflorum fragrant bedstraw 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb GAUPRO 5 Gaultheria procumbens wintergreen 3 FACU Nt Shrub GAYBAC 7 Gaylussacia baccata huckleberry 3 FACU Nt Shrub HEPAME 6 Hepatica americana round lobed hepatica 5 UPL Nt P-Forb HIERACIUM HIEAUR 0 AURANTIACUM orange hawkweed 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb JUNDUD 1 Juncus dudleyi Dudley's rush 0 FAC Nt P-Forb JUNTEN 1 Juncus tenuis path rush 0 FAC Nt P-Forb common or ground JUNCOI 4 Juniperus communis juniper 3 FACU Nt Shrub LACCAN 2 Lactuca canadensis tall lettuce 2 FACU+ Nt B-Forb LAMPUR 0 LAMIUM PURPUREUM purple dead nettle 5 UPL Ad A-Forb LINVUL 0 LINARIA VULGARIS butter and eggs 5 UPL Ad P-Forb LONDIO 5 Lonicera dioica red honeysuckle 3 FACU Nt W-Vine LYCANN 5 Lycopodium annotinum stiff clubmoss 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally LYCOBS 5 Lycopodium obscurum ground pine 3 FACU Nt Fern Ally MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MEDVIR 10 Medeola virginiana Indian cucumber root 5 UPL Nt P-Forb MELLIN 6 Melampyrum lineare cow wheat 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb MITREP 5 Mitchella repens partridge berry 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb MONOUN 5 Monotropa uniflora Indian pipe 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ORYASP 6 Oryzopsis asperifolia rough leaved rice grass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass OSMCLN 6 Osmunda claytoniana interrupted fern -1 FAC+ Nt Fern OSTVIR 5 Ostrya virginiana ironwood; hop hornbeam 4 FACU- Nt Tree PHLPRA 0 PHLEUM PRATENSE timothy 3 FACU Ad P-Grass PINSTR 3 Pinus strobus white pine 3 FACU Nt Tree POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POLPAU 7 Polygala paucifolia gay wings 3 FACU Nt P-Forb POLPUB 5 Polygonatum pubescens downy solomon seal 5 UPL Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-67 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy POPDEL 1 Populus deltoides cottonwood -1 FAC+ Nt Tree POPGRA 4 Populus grandidentata big toothed aspen 3 FACU Nt Tree POPTRE 1 Populus tremuloides quaking aspen 0 FAC Nt Tree POTARE 0 POTENTILLA ARGENTEA silvery cinquefoil 3 FACU Ad P-Forb POTSIM 2 Potentilla simplex old field cinquefoil 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb PRUVUL 0 PRUNELLA VULGARIS lawn prunella 0 FAC Nt P-Forb PRUSER 2 Prunus serotina wild black cherry 3 FACU Nt Tree PTEAQU 0 Pteridium aquilinum bracken fern 3 FACU Nt Fern PYRELL 6 Pyrola elliptica large leaved shinleaf 5 UPL Nt P-Forb QUERUB 5 Quercus rubra red oak 3 FACU Nt Tree RANABO 0 Ranunculus abortivus small flowered buttercup -2 FACW- Nt A-Forb RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub SANCAA 5 Sanguinaria canadensis bloodroot 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb SMIRAC 5 Smilacina racemosa false spikenard 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLFLE 6 Solidago flexicaulis broad leaved goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLJUN 3 Solidago juncea early goldenrod 5 UPL Nt P-Forb TAXCAN 5 Taxus canadensis Canadian yew 3 FACU Nt Shrub THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TOXRYD 3 Toxicodendron rydbergii poison ivy 0 FAC Nt W-Vine TRADUB 0 TRAGOPOGON DUBIUS goat's beard 5 UPL Ad B-Forb TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb TSUCAN 5 Tsuga canadensis hemlock 3 FACU Nt Tree VACANG 4 Vaccinium angustifolium blueberry 3 FACU Nt Shrub VACMYR 4 Vaccinium myrtilloides Canada blueberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub VEROFF 0 VERONICA OFFICINALIS common speedwell 5 UPL Ad P-Forb VERSER 0 Veronica serpyllifolia thyme leaved speedwell -3 FACW Nt P-Forb maple leaved arrow VIBACE 6 Viburnum acerifolium wood 5 UPL Nt Shrub

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-68 Barney’s Lake Preserve East - Bogs

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 88 Native 88 96.70% Adventive 3 3.29% Total Species 91 Tree 5 5.50% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.8 Shrub 20 22.00% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 4.7 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 45.2 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 44.7 P-Forb 30 33.00% P-Forb 1 1.10% Native Mean W -3.5 B-Forb 0 0.00% B-Forb 0 0.00% w/Adventives -3.5 A-Forb 5 5.50% A-Forb 0 0.00% Average W FACW+ P-Grass 9 9.89% P-Grass 2 2.19% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 15 16.50% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 4 4.40% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ACERUB 1 Acer rubrum red maple 0 FAC Nt Tree AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AGRHYE 4 Agrostis hyemalis ticklegrass 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass ANDGLA 10 Andromeda glaucophylla bog rosemary -5 OBL Nt Shrub AROPRU 5 Aronia prunifolia black chokeberry -3 FACW Nt Shrub BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BIDCER 3 Bidens cernuus nodding bur marigold -5 OBL Nt A-Forb BIDCON 5 Bidens connatus purple stemmed tickseed -5 OBL Nt A-Forb BIDFRO 1 Bidens frondosus common beggar ticks -3 FACW Nt A-Forb BOECYL 5 Boehmeria cylindrica false nettle -5 OBL Nt P-Forb BRASCH 6 Brasenia schreberi water shield -5 OBL Nt P-Grass Calamagrostis CALCAN 3 canadensis blue joint grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass CALTPA 6 Caltha palustris marsh marigold -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CXBEBB 4 Carex bebbii sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXBRUN 5 Carex brunnescens sedge -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge CXCANE 8 Carex canescens sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXCOMO 5 Carex comosa sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXCRIN 4 Carex crinita sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXDIAN 8 Carex diandra sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXGRAA 4 Carex gracillima sedge 3 FACU Nt P-Sedge CXINTU 3 Carex intumescens sedge -4 FACW+ Nt P-Sedge CXOLIS 10 Carex oligosperma sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXPSEU 5 Carex pseudo-cyperus sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXRETS 3 Carex retrorsa sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge Chamaedaphne CHACAL 8 calyculata leatherleaf -5 OBL Nt Shrub CICBUL 5 Cicuta bulbifera water hemlock -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CINLAT 5 Cinna latifolia wood reedgrass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass DULARU 8 Dulichium arundinaceum three way sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-69 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy EPICOL 3 Epilobium coloratum cinnamon willow herb -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EPILEP 6 Epilobium leptophyllum fen willow herb -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally ERISPI 10 Eriophorum spissum cotton grass -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge EUTGRA 3 Euthamia graminifolia grass leaved goldenrod -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb GALTIN 5 Galium tinctorium stiff bedstraw -5 OBL Nt P-Forb GALTRD 6 Galium trifidum small bedstraw -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb GLYBOR 6 Glyceria borealis northern manna grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass GLYSTR 4 Glyceria striata fowl manna grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass ILEVER 5 Ilex verticillata Michigan holly -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub IMPCAP 2 Impatiens capensis spotted touch me not -3 FACW Nt A-Forb IRIVER 5 Iris versicolor wild blue flag -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNEFF 3 Juncus effusus soft stemmed rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LARLAR 5 Larix laricina tamarack -3 FACW Nt Tree LEDGRO 8 Ledum groenlandicum Labrador tea -5 OBL Nt Shrub LEEORY 3 Leersia oryzoides cut grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass LIPLOE 5 Liparis loeselii Loesel's twayblade -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb LYCAME 2 Lycopus americanus common water horehound -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYCUNI 2 Lycopus uniflorus northern bugle weed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYSTER 6 Lysimachia terrestris swamp candles -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYSTHY 6 Lysimachia thyrsiflora tufted loosestrife -5 OBL Nt P-Forb MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MELLIN 6 Melampyrum lineare cow wheat 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb MYRGAL 6 Myrica gale sweet gale -5 OBL Nt Shrub NEMMUC 7 Nemopanthus mucronata mountain holly -5 OBL Nt Shrub NUPVAR 7 Nuphar variegata yellow pond lily -5 OBL Nt P-Forb ONOSEN 2 Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern -3 FACW Nt Fern OSMCIN 5 Osmunda cinnamomea cinnamon fern -3 FACW Nt Fern OSMREG 5 Osmunda regalis royal fern -5 OBL Nt Fern PHALARIS PHAARU 0 ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree PINSTR 3 Pinus strobus white pine 3 FACU Nt Tree POAPAS 3 Poa palustris fowl meadow grass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass POTNAT 5 Potamogeton natans pondweed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb PROPAL 6 Proserpinaca palustris mermaid weed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb PYRELL 6 Pyrola elliptica large leaved shinleaf 5 UPL Nt P-Forb RHAALN 8 Rhamnus alnifolia alder leaved buckthorn -5 OBL Nt Shrub RUBHIS 4 Rubus hispidus swamp dewberry -3 FACW Nt Shrub SAGLAT 1 Sagittaria latifolia common arrowhead -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SALBEB 1 Salix bebbiana Bebb's willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALCAN 9 Salix candida hoary willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SALDIS 1 Salix discolor pussy willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALLUC 3 Salix lucida shining willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALPET 1 Salix petiolaris slender willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SCIATR 3 Scirpus atrovirens bulrush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SCICYP 5 Scirpus cyperinus wool grass -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SCUGAL 5 Scutellaria galericulata common skullcap -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SCULAT 5 Scutellaria lateriflora mad dog skullcap -5 OBL Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-70 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy SHECAN 7 Shepherdia canadensis soapberry 5 UPL Nt Shrub SIUSUA 5 Sium suave water parsnip -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SMITRI 10 Smilacina trifolia false mayflower -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SOLANUM SOLDUL 0 DULCAMARA bittersweet nightshade 0 FAC Ad P-Forb SPAAME 6 Sparganium americanum American bur reed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SPAMIN 8 Sparganium minimum small bur reed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SPHINT 4 Sphenopholis intermedia slender wedgegrass 0 FAC Nt P-Grass TRIFRA 6 Triadenum fraseri marsh St. John's wort -5 OBL Nt P-Forb TYPLAT 1 Typha latifolia broad leaved cattail -5 OBL Nt P-Forb VACANG 4 Vaccinium angustifolium blueberry 3 FACU Nt Shrub VACMAC 8 Vaccinium macrocarpon large cranberry -5 OBL Nt Shrub VACMYR 4 Vaccinium myrtilloides Canada blueberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub VACOXY 8 Vaccinium oxycoccos small cranberry -5 OBL Nt Shrub VIBLEN 4 Viburnum lentago nannyberry -1 FAC+ Nt Shrub

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-71 Barney’s Lake Preserve East – Fen

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 76 Native 76 81.72% Adventive 17 18.28% Total Species 93 Tree 3 3.20% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 4.7 Shrub 6 6.50% Shrub 0 0.00% w/Adventives 4 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 41.8 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 38.3 P-Forb 35 37.60% P-Forb 5 5.40% Native Mean W -3.2 B-Forb 0 0.00% B-Forb 4 4.30% w/Adventives -2.3 A-Forb 5 5.40% A-Forb 0 0.00% Average W FACW P-Grass 8 8.60% P-Grass 6 6.50% A-Grass 1 1.10% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 15 16.10% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 5 5.40% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb AGAPUR 7 Agalinis purpurea purple gerardia -3 FACW Nt A-Forb AGRREP 0 AGROPYRON REPENS quack grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AGRHYE 4 Agrostis hyemalis ticklegrass 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass AMBART 0 Ambrosia artemisiifolia common ragweed 3 FACU Nt A-Forb ASCINC 6 Asclepias incarnata swamp milkweed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAE 5 Aster laevis smooth aster 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASTLAN 2 Aster lanceolatus eastern lined aster -3 FACW Nt P-Forb BIDFRO 1 Bidens frondosus common beggar ticks -3 FACW Nt A-Forb BROINE 0 BROMUS INERMIS smooth brome 5 UPL Ad P-Grass CALSTR 10 Calamagrostis stricta narrow leaved reedgrass -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass CAMAPR 7 Campanula aparinoides marsh bellflower -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CXFLAV 4 Carex flava sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXINTE 3 Carex interior sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXPALL 5 Carex pallescens pale sedge 3 FACU Nt P-Sedge CXSTRI 4 Carex stricta sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CXVIRI 4 Carex viridula sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CENTAUREA CENMAU 0 MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CICBUL 5 Cicuta bulbifera water hemlock -5 OBL Nt P-Forb CIRARV 0 CIRSIUM ARVENSE Canadian thistle 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CIRPAL 0 CIRSIUM PALUSTRE marsh thistle -4 FACW+ Ad B-Forb CIRVUL 0 CIRSIUM VULGARE bull thistle 4 FACU- Ad B-Forb CLAMAR 10 Cladium mariscoides twig rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood -3 FACW Nt Shrub DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass DULARU 8 Dulichium arundinaceum three way sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-72 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ELEACI 7 Eleocharis acicularis spike rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge ELEELL 6 Eleocharis elliptica golden seeded spike rush -3 FACW Nt P-Sedge ELEOLI 7 Eleocharis olivacea spike rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge ELEQUI 10 Eleocharis quinqueflora spike rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge EPILEP 6 Epilobium leptophyllum fen willow herb -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EQUARV 0 Equisetum arvense common horsetail 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally EQUFLU 7 Equisetum fluviatile water horsetail -5 OBL Nt Fern Ally EQUVAR 8 Equisetum variegatum variegated scouring rush -3 FACW Nt Fern Ally EUPMAM 4 Eupatorium maculatum Joe pye weed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EUTGRA 3 Euthamia graminifolia grass leaved goldenrod -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb GALTRD 6 Galium trifidum small bedstraw -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HYPKAL 10 Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's wort -2 FACW- Nt Shrub HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb IMPCAP 2 Impatiens capensis spotted touch me not -3 FACW Nt A-Forb IRIVER 5 Iris versicolor wild blue flag -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBRP 7 Juncus brachycephalus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNBRE 8 Juncus brevicaudatus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNEFF 3 Juncus effusus soft stemmed rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNNOD 5 Juncus nodosus joint rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LARLAR 5 Larix laricina tamarack -3 FACW Nt Tree LATPAL 7 Lathyrus palustris marsh pea -3 FACW Nt P-Forb LEEORY 3 Leersia oryzoides cut grass -5 OBL Nt P-Grass LOBKAL 10 Lobelia kalmii bog lobelia -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYCAME 2 Lycopus americanus common water horehound -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYCUNI 2 Lycopus uniflorus northern bugle weed -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYSTER 6 Lysimachia terrestris swamp candles -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LYTSAL 0 LYTHRUM SALICARIA purple loosestrife -5 OBL Ad P-Forb MELALB 0 MELILOTUS ALBA white sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb MENARV 3 Mentha arvensis wild mint -3 FACW Nt P-Forb MUHGLO 10 Muhlenbergia glomerata marsh wild timothy -4 FACW+ Nt P-Grass MUHMEX 3 Muhlenbergia mexicana leafy satin grass -3 FACW Nt P-Grass NUPVAR 7 Nuphar variegata yellow pond lily -5 OBL Nt P-Forb OSMREG 5 Osmunda regalis royal fern -5 OBL Nt Fern PANCAP 1 Panicum capillare witch grass 0 FAC Nt A-Grass PANIMP 3 Panicum implicatum panic grass 0 FAC Nt P-Grass PHALARIS PHAARU 0 ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHLPRA 0 PHLEUM PRATENSE timothy 3 FACU Ad P-Grass PHRAGMITES PHRAUS 0 AUSTRALIS phragmites (non-native) -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PINSTR 3 Pinus strobus white pine 3 FACU Nt Tree POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb PRIMIS 10 Primula mistassinica dwarf Canadian primrose -3 FACW Nt P-Forb RANHIS 5 Ranunculus hispidus swamp buttercup 0 FAC Nt P-Forb RANSCE 1 Ranunculus sceleratus cursed crowfoot -5 OBL Nt A-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-73 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy RHYALB 6 Rhynchospora alba beak rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge RHYCAL 10 Rhynchospora capillacea beak rush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SAGLAT 1 Sagittaria latifolia common arrowhead -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SALBEB 1 Salix bebbiana Bebb's willow -4 FACW+ Nt Shrub SALDIS 1 Salix discolor pussy willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SALEXI 1 Salix exigua sandbar willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SAMRAC 3 Sambucus racemosa red berried elder 2 FACU+ Nt Shrub SARPUP 10 Sarracenia purpurea pitcher plant -5 OBL Nt P-Forb SCHACU 5 Schoenoplectus acutus hardstem bulrush -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SCHPUN 5 Schoenoplectus pungens three square -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge SELECL 5 Selaginella eclipes selaginella -4 FACW+ Nt Fern Ally SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLRUG 3 Solidago rugosa rough goldenrod -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb SPICER 4 Spiranthes cernua nodding ladies' tresses -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb TARAXACUM TAROFF 0 OFFICINALE common dandelion 3 FACU Ad P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TOFGLU 10 Tofieldia glutinosa false asphodel -5 OBL Nt P-Forb TRIFRA 6 Triadenum fraseri marsh St. John's wort -5 OBL Nt P-Forb TRIPAL 8 Triglochin palustris slender bog arrow grass -5 OBL Nt P-Forb TYPLAT 1 Typha latifolia broad leaved cattail -5 OBL Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-74 Barney’s Lake Preserve East – Old Fields

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 33 Native 33 50.00% Adventive 33 50.00% Total Species 66 Tree 7 10.60% Tree 1 1.50% Native Mean C 2.6 Shrub 6 9.10% Shrub 1 1.50% w/Adventives 1.3 W-Vine 0 0.00% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FQI 15.1 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 10.7 P-Forb 13 19.7% P-Forb 15 22.7% Native Mean W 2.3 B-Forb 1 1.50% B-Forb 6 9.10% w/Adventives 2.9 A-Forb 3 4.50% A-Forb 2 3.00% Average W FAC+ P-Grass 1 1.50% P-Grass 8 12.10% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 2 3.00% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 0 0.00% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species: Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ACESAU 5 Acer saccharum sugar maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb AGRREP 0 AGROPYRON REPENS quack grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AMBART 0 Ambrosia artemisiifolia common ragweed 3 FACU Nt A-Forb ANTPAL 2 Antennaria parlinii smooth pussytoes 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ASCSYR 1 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BROINE 0 BROMUS INERMIS smooth brome 5 UPL Ad P-Grass CXARTT 3 Carex arctata sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXMUHL 7 Carex muhlenbergii sedge 5 UPL Nt P-Sedge CXPALL 5 Carex pallescens pale sedge 3 FACU Nt P-Sedge CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CERFON 0 CERASTIUM FONTANUM mouse ear chickweed 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb CORCOR 5 Corylus cornuta beaked hazelnut 5 UPL Nt Shrub DACGLO 0 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA orchard grass 3 FACU Ad P-Grass DANSPI 4 Danthonia spicata poverty grass; oatgrass 5 UPL Nt P-Grass DAUCAR 0 DAUCUS CAROTA queen Anne's lace 5 UPL Ad B-Forb EPIHEL 0 EPIPACTIS HELLEBORINE helleborine 5 UPL Ad P-Forb ERIANN 0 Erigeron annuus annual fleabane 1 FAC- Nt B-Forb ERISTR 4 Erigeron strigosus daisy fleabane 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb EUTGRA 3 Euthamia graminifolia grass leaved goldenrod -2 FACW- Nt P-Forb FESOVI 0 FESTUCA OVINA sheep fescue 5 UPL Ad P-Grass FESRUB 0 FESTUCA RUBRA red fescue 1 FAC- Ad P-Grass FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb GALTRR 4 Galium triflorum fragrant bedstraw 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-75 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy HIERACIUM HIEAUR 0 AURANTIACUM orange hawkweed 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb JUNCOI 4 Juniperus communis common or ground juniper 3 FACU Nt Shrub LAMPUR 0 LAMIUM PURPUREUM purple dead nettle 5 UPL Ad A-Forb LEPVIR 0 Lepidium virginicum common peppergrass 4 FACU- Nt A-Forb LINVUL 0 LINARIA VULGARIS butter and eggs 5 UPL Ad P-Forb MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MALPUM 0 MALUS PUMILA apple 5 UPL Ad Tree MEDLUP 0 MEDICAGO LUPULINA black medick 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb MELALB 0 MELILOTUS ALBA white sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb MELLOF 0 MELILOTUS OFFICINALIS yellow sweet clover 3 FACU Ad B-Forb OSTVIR 5 Ostrya virginiana ironwood; hop hornbeam 4 FACU- Nt Tree PHLPRA 0 PHLEUM PRATENSE timothy 3 FACU Ad P-Grass PINSTR 3 Pinus strobus white pine 3 FACU Nt Tree PLALAN 0 PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA English plantain 0 FAC Ad P-Forb POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POTARE 0 POTENTILLA ARGENTEA silvery cinquefoil 3 FACU Ad P-Forb POTREC 0 POTENTILLA RECTA rough fruited cinquefoil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb PRUVUL 0 PRUNELLA VULGARIS lawn prunella 0 FAC Nt P-Forb PRUSER 2 Prunus serotina wild black cherry 3 FACU Nt Tree PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry 1 FAC- Nt Shrub RHUTYP 2 Rhus typhina staghorn sumac 5 UPL Nt Tree ROSBLA 3 Rosa blanda wild rose 3 FACU Nt Shrub RUBFLA 1 Rubus flagellaris northern dewberry 4 FACU- Nt Shrub RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub RUMACL 0 RUMEX ACETOSELLA sheep sorrel 0 FAC Ad P-Forb SAPOFF 0 SAPONARIA OFFICINALIS bouncing bet 3 FACU Ad P-Forb SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SMISTE 5 Smilacina stellata starry false solomon seal 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLJUN 3 Solidago juncea early goldenrod 5 UPL Nt P-Forb SYRVUL 0 SYRINGA VULGARIS common lilac 5 UPL Ad Shrub TAROFF 0 TARAXACUM OFFICINALE common dandelion 3 FACU Ad P-Forb THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TRADUB 0 TRAGOPOGON DUBIUS goat's beard 5 UPL Ad B-Forb TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb TRIREP 0 TRIFOLIUM REPENS white clover 2 FACU+ Ad P-Forb VERTHA 0 VERBASCUM THAPSUS common mullein 5 UPL Ad B-Forb VEROFF 0 VERONICA OFFICINALIS common speedwell 5 UPL Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-76 Trout Island Easement

. Note: Surveys were only conducted for a short time and data were gathered mostly from the gravelly shores; further survey of remainder of the Island is needed to assess all communities and species

Communities Natural Features • mesic northern forest • climbing fumitory (SC) • old field • sand and gravel beach

Invasive Species • bladder campion • phragmites (non-native) • bull thistle • reed canary grass • Canada thistle • spotted knapweed • common St. John’s wort • wild parsnip

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-77 Trout Island –Shores

Floristic Quality Data: Summary of Physiognomy: Native Species 62 Native 63 68.50% Adventive 30 31.50% Total Species 92 Tree 7 7.60% Tree 0 0.00% Native Mean C 3.8 Shrub 11 12.00% Shrub 1 1.10% w/Adventives 2.6 W-Vine 2 2.20% W-Vine 0 0.00% Native FAI 30.5 H-Vine 0 0.00% H-Vine 0 0.00% w/Adventives 25.2 P-Forb 28 30.40% P-Forb 15 16.30% Native Mean W 0.3 B-Forb 2 2.20% B-Forb 6 6.50% w/Adventives 1.3 A-Forb 7 7.60% A-Forb 5 5.40% Average W FAC P-Grass 3 3.30% P-Grass 2 2.20% A-Grass 0 0.00% A-Grass 0 0.00% P-Sedge 1 1.10% P-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% A-Sedge 0 0.00% Fern 2 2.20% Fern 0 0.00%

Documented Species:

Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy ACEPEN 5 Acer pensylvanicum striped maple 3 FACU Nt Tree ACHMIL 1 Achillea millefolium yarrow 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ACTPAC 7 Actaea pachypoda doll's eyes 5 UPL Nt P-Forb ADLFUN 4 Adlumia fungosa climbing fumitory (SC) 5 UPL Nt B-Forb AGRGIG 0 AGROSTIS GIGANTEA redtop 0 FAC Ad P-Grass AGRHYE 4 Agrostis hyemalis ticklegrass 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass ANEMUL 10 Anemone multifida red anemone 5 UPL Nt P-Forb AQUCAN 5 Aquilegia canadensis wild columbine 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb ARANUD 5 Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla 3 FACU Nt P-Forb ARCMIN 0 ARCTIUM MINUS common burdock 5 UPL Ad B-Forb ARESER 0 ARENARIA SERPYLLIFOLIA thyme leaved sandwort 0 FAC Ad A-Forb ASTLAN 2 Aster lanceolatus eastern lined aster -3 FACW Nt P-Forb BERINC 0 BERTEROA INCANA hoary alyssum 5 UPL Ad A-Forb BETPAP 2 Betula papyrifera paper birch 2 FACU+ Nt Tree BIDFRO 1 Bidens frondosus common beggar ticks -3 FACW Nt A-Forb CXHYST 2 Carex hystericina sedge -5 OBL Nt P-Sedge CENMAU 0 CENTAUREA MACULOSA spotted knapweed 5 UPL Ad B-Forb CERFON 0 CERASTIUM FONTANUM mouse ear chickweed 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CHRYSANTHEMUM CHRLEU 0 LEUCANTHEMUM ox eye daisy 5 UPL Ad P-Forb CIRARV 0 CIRSIUM ARVENSE Canadian thistle 3 FACU Ad P-Forb CIRVUL 0 CIRSIUM VULGARE bull thistle 4 FACU- Ad B-Forb CLIVUL 3 Clinopodium vulgare wild basil 5 UPL Nt P-Forb CONCAN 0 Conyza canadensis horseweed 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb CORRUG 6 Cornus rugosa round leaved dogwood 5 UPL Nt Shrub CORSTO 2 Cornus stolonifera red osier dogwood -3 FACW Nt Shrub DAUCAR 0 DAUCUS CAROTA queen Anne's lace 5 UPL Ad B-Forb DIELON 4 Diervilla lonicera bush honeysuckle 5 UPL Nt Shrub ELYCAN 7 Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye 1 FAC- Nt P-Grass

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-78 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy EPICIL 3 Epilobium ciliatum willow herb 3 FACU Nt P-Forb EPICOL 3 Epilobium coloratum cinnamon willow herb -5 OBL Nt P-Forb EPIHEL 0 EPIPACTIS HELLEBORINE helleborine 5 UPL Ad P-Forb EREHIE 2 Erechtites hieracifolia fireweed 3 FACU Nt A-Forb FRAVIR 2 Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry 1 FAC- Nt P-Forb GALTRR 4 Galium triflorum fragrant bedstraw 2 FACU+ Nt P-Forb GERROB 3 Geranium robertianum herb robert 5 UPL Nt A-Forb HACDEF 2 Hackelia deflexa stickseed 5 UPL Nt P-Forb HIERACIUM HIEPIS 0 PILOSELLOIDES glaucous king devil 5 UPL Ad P-Forb HYPKAL 10 Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's wort -2 FACW- Nt Shrub HYPERICUM HYPPER 0 PERFORATUM common St. John's wort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb IMPCAP 2 Impatiens capensis spotted touch me not -3 FACW Nt A-Forb JUNBAL 4 Juncus balticus rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb JUNEFF 3 Juncus effusus soft stemmed rush -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LEOCAR 0 LEONURUS CARDIACA motherwort 5 UPL Ad P-Forb LINVUL 0 LINARIA VULGARIS butter and eggs 5 UPL Ad P-Forb LINBOR 6 Linnaea borealis twinflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb LOBKAL 10 Lobelia kalmii bog lobelia -5 OBL Nt P-Forb LONDIO 5 Lonicera dioica red honeysuckle 3 FACU Nt W-Vine LYCANN 5 Lycopodium annotinum stiff clubmoss 0 FAC Nt Fern Ally MAICAC 4 Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower 0 FAC Nt P-Forb MEDLUP 0 MEDICAGO LUPULINA black medick 1 FAC- Ad A-Forb NEPCAT 0 NEPETA CATARIA catnip 1 FAC- Ad P-Forb OSMCLI 4 Osmorhiza claytonii hairy sweet cicely 4 FACU- Nt P-Forb PARGLA 8 Parnassia glauca grass of parnassus -5 OBL Nt P-Forb PASSAT 0 PASTINACA SATIVA wild parsnip 5 UPL Ad B-Forb PHAARU 0 PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA reed canary grass -4 FACW+ Ad P-Grass PHYOPU 4 Physocarpus opulifolius ninebark -2 FACW- Nt Shrub PICGLA 3 Picea glauca white spruce 3 FACU Nt Tree POACOM 0 POA COMPRESSA Canada bluegrass 2 FACU+ Ad P-Grass POLPAU 7 Polygala paucifolia gay wings 3 FACU Nt P-Forb POLRAM 7 Polygonum ramosissimum bushy knotweed 1 FAC- Nt A-Forb POPBAL 2 Populus balsamifera balsam poplar -3 FACW Nt Tree POTANS 5 Potentilla anserina silverweed -4 FACW+ Nt P-Forb PRUVIR 2 Prunus virginiana choke cherry 1 FAC- Nt Shrub RANABO 0 Ranunculus abortivus small flowered buttercup -2 FACW- Nt A-Forb RANACR 0 RANUNCULUS ACRIS tall or common buttercup -2 FACW- Ad P-Forb RHUTYP 2 Rhus typhina staghorn sumac 5 UPL Nt Tree RUBSTR 2 Rubus strigosus wild red raspberry -2 FACW- Nt Shrub SALEXI 1 Salix exigua sandbar willow -5 OBL Nt Shrub SALMYR 9 Salix myricoides blueleaf willow -3 FACW Nt Shrub SAMRAC 3 Sambucus racemosa red berried elder 2 FACU+ Nt Shrub SAPOFF 0 SAPONARIA OFFICINALIS bouncing bet 3 FACU Ad P-Forb SILPRA 0 SILENE PRATENSIS white catchfly 5 UPL Ad A-Forb SILVUL 0 SILENE VULGARIS bladder campion 5 UPL Ad P-Forb SMIRAC 5 Smilacina racemosa false spikenard 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLDUL 0 SOLANUM DULCAMARA bittersweet nightshade 0 FAC Ad P-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-79 Acronym C Scientific Name Common Name W Wetness Physiognomy SOLALT 1 Solidago altissima tall goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SOLCAN 1 Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod 3 FACU Nt P-Forb SORAME 4 Sorbus americana American mountain ash -1 FAC+ Nt Tree STRROS 5 Streptopus roseus rose twisted stalk 0 FAC Nt P-Forb SYRVUL 0 SYRINGA VULGARIS common lilac 5 UPL Ad Shrub TAROFF 0 TARAXACUM OFFICINALE common dandelion 3 FACU Ad P-Forb TAXCAN 5 Taxus canadensis Canadian yew 3 FACU Nt Shrub THEPAL 2 Thelypteris palustris marsh fern -4 FACW+ Nt Fern THUOCC 4 Thuja occidentalis arbor vitae -3 FACW Nt Tree TOXRYD 3 Toxicodendron rydbergii poison ivy 0 FAC Nt W-Vine TRIBOR 5 Trientalis borealis starflower -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb TRIAUM 0 TRIFOLIUM AUREUM hop clover 5 UPL Ad A-Forb TRIREP 0 TRIFOLIUM REPENS white clover 2 FACU+ Ad P-Forb TRIGRA 5 Trillium grandiflorum common trillium 5 UPL Nt P-Forb URTDIO 1 Urtica dioica nettle -1 FAC+ Nt P-Forb VERTHA 0 VERBASCUM THAPSUS common mullein 5 UPL Ad B-Forb VERANA 4 Veronica anagallis-aquatica water speedwell -5 OBL Nt B-Forb

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page C-80 Appendix D.

List of Birds Observed During Surveys

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page D-1

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page D-2

Species AOU Code Status Location Alder flycatcher ALFL Conn's Cove Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay, Petritz American crow AMCR Preserve American goldfinch AMGO Conn's Cove, Haveman/Roberts American redstart AMRE Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove, Haveman/Roberts Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove, Haveman/Roberts, Little American robin AMRO Sand Bay, Petritz Preserve Bald eagle BAEA SC Barney's Lake Black and white warbler BAWW Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove, Haveman/Roberts, Black-capped chickadee BCCH Petritz Preserve Black-throated green Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove, Haveman/Roberts, Little warbler BTNW1 Sand Bay Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove, Erber, Haveman/Roberts, Blue jay BLJA Little Sand Bay, Petritz Preserve Brown Thrasher BRTH SGCN Little Sand Bay Canada Geese CANG Conn's Cove, Erber Caspian tern CATE T Petritz Preserve Chestnut-sided warbler CSWA Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay Common grackle COGR Conn's Cove, Petritz Preserve Barney's Lake, Font Lake, Green’s Lake, Lake Common loon COLO T Geneserath, Miller’s Marsh Common merganser COME Barney's Lake, Petritz Preserve Common raven CORA Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay Common yellowthroat COYE Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay Downy woodpecker DOWO Barney's Lake Eastern bluebird EABL Haveman/Roberts Eastern towhee EATO SGCN Little Sand Bay Eastern wood peewee EAWP Erber Haveman/Roberts Great-crested flycatcher GCFL Haveman/Roberts Hairy woodpecker HAWO Barney's Lake, Haveman/Roberts Herring Gull HERG Conn's Cove, Erber Hooded merganser HOME Miller’s Marsh Indigo bunting INBU Barney's Lake, Little Sand Bay Killdeer KILL SGCN Erber Least Flycatcher LEFL SGCN Erber Magnolia warbler MAWA Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove, Haveman/Roberts Mallard MALL Conn's Cove, Erber Nashville warbler NAWA Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay Northern flicker NOFL SGCN Haveman/Roberts Northern parula NOPA SGCN Little Sand Bay Osprey OSPR SC Cell Tower Ovenbird OVEN Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove Pine warbler PIWA Petritz Preserve Red-bellied woodpecker RBWO Haveman/Roberts Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove, Erber Haveman/Roberts, Red-eyed vireo REVI Petritz Preserve Red-winged blackbird RWBL Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page D-3

Species AOU Code Status Location Conn's Cove, Erber Haveman/Roberts, Little Sand Bay, Ring-billed gull RBGU Petritz Preserve Rose-breasted grosbeak RBGR Haveman/Roberts Ruffed grouse RUGR Petritz Preserve Sandhill crane SACR Barney's Lake Barney's Lake, Erber Haveman/Roberts, Little Sand Scarlet tanager SCTA Bay, Petritz Preserve Song sparrow SOSP Conn's Cove, Erber Little Sand Bay, Petritz Preserve Sora SORA SGCN Barney's Lake Swamp sparrow SWSP Barney's Lake Tree Swallow TRES Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay White-breasted nuthatch WBNU Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay, Petritz Preserve White-throated sparrow WTSP Barney's Lake, Little Sand Bay Wild turkey WITU Little Sand Bay Wilson's snipe WISN SGCN Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay Winter wren WIWR Conn's Cove, Erber Haveman/Roberts Yellow-rumped warbler YRWA Petritz Preserve Yellow warbler YWAR Barney's Lake, Conn's Cove Yellow-bellied sapsucker YBSA Erber Winter wren WIWR Conn's Cove, Little Sand Bay 1Names of birds follow the AOU checklist of North American Birds.

FQIs, Natural Features, Invasive Species and Breeding Bird Surveys, Beaver Island, 2013. Page D-4