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M2M Applications and 3GPP Cellular Networks
M2M applications and 3GPP cellular networks Genadi Velev NEC Laboratories Europe A cellular operator: Can any of the 3GPP technologies (GSM, UMTS, LTE) be used to meet the M2M requirements? Low device price Long battery life NOTE: 3GPP uses Machine Type Communication (MTC) term beside M2M Page 2 © NEC Corporation 2014 Challenges for 3GPP cellular networks ▌ Traditional applications ▌ M2M application chatacteristics Voice, multimedia, large data Business: low ARPU Highly mobile devices Device requirements: low price, long No strict requirements for chipset battery life price and battery life Data chatacteristics: small data, periodic, (in)frequent Page 3 © NEC Corporation 2014 End-to-end architecture ▌ Why 3GPP cellular network as transport for M2M applications? Deployment aspect: 3GPP offers to 3rd parties: Global, wireless reachability C-plane access (network APIs) Operators deploy M2M platforms IP bearer service SoC allows embedded modem SMS service (<5$) into sensors/meters 3GPP UEs (single devices) (ASN-CSE) Network APIs BTS/(e)NB M2M App 3GPP SMS M2M App GPRS/UTRAN/LTE Core M2M App M2M M2M capability M2M App IP access Server local (IN-CSE) (AE) network 3GPP UE 3GPP transport network (M2M GW) (MN-CSE) 3GPP main 3GPP to meet M2M device 3GPP enables access scope requirements to/from M2M providers Page 4 © NEC Corporation 2014 3GPP System Architecture evolution (1/3) 2010 ▌ Release 10 (NIMTC) Started with a dozen of features.... Rel-10 Congestion/overload control in the network • low access priority devices 2011 • ... later dual priority devices • Extended Access Class Barring (EAB) Rel-11 ▌ Release 11 (SIMTC) 2012 Device Triggering TS23.682 (reachability from the M2M App server) • New network function MTC-IWF (Tsp interface to 3rd party) SMS in MME (LTE only deployment) MSISDN-less support 2013 ▌ Release 12 UE Power Consumption Optimizations (UEPCOP) Rel-12 • Power saving mode (PSM): UE not reachable during PSM state. -
Wi-Fi Roaming Guidelines Version 13.0 14 October 2020
GSMA Official Document Non-confidential IR.61 Wi-Fi Roaming Guidelines v12.1 (Current) Wi-Fi Roaming Guidelines Version 13.0 14 October 2020 This is a Non-binding Permanent Reference Document of the GSMA Security Classification: Non-confidential Access to and distribution of this document is restricted to the persons permitted by the security classification. This document is confidential to the Association and is subject to copyright protection. This document is to be used only for the purposes for which it has been supplied and information contained in it must not be disclosed or in any other way made available, in whole or in part, to persons other than those permitted under the security classification without the prior written approval of the Association. Copyright Notice Copyright © 2020 GSM Association. Disclaimer The GSM Association (“Association”) makes no representation, warranty or undertaking (express or implied) with respect to and does not accept any responsibility for, and hereby disclaims liability for the accuracy or completeness or timeliness of the information contained in this document. The information contained in this document may be subject to change without prior notice.. Antitrust Notice The information contain herein is in full compliance with the GSM Association’s antitrust compliance policy. V13.0 Page 1 of 35 GSM Association` Non-confidential Official Document IR.61 - Wi-Fi Roaming Guidelines Table of Contents 1 Introduction 4 1.1 Scope 4 2 Abbreviations and Terminology 4 3 References 11 4 EPC Overview (Informative) -
4G to 5G Networks and Standard Releases
4G to 5G networks and standard releases CoE Training on Traffic engineering and advanced wireless network planning Sami TABBANE 30 September -03 October 2019 Bangkok, Thailand 1 Objectives Provide an overview of various technologies and standards of 4G and future 5G 2 Agenda I. 4G and LTE networks II. LTE Release 10 to 14 III. 5G 3 Agenda I. 4G and LTE networks 4 LTE/SAE 1. 4G motivations 5 Introduction . Geneva, 18 January 2012 – Specifications for next-generation mobile technologies – IMT-Advanced – agreed at the ITU Radiocommunications Assembly in Geneva. ITU determined that "LTELTELTE----AdvancedAdvancedAdvanced" and "WirelessMANWirelessMANWirelessMAN----AdvancedAdvancedAdvanced" should be accorded the official designation of IMTIMT----AdvancedAdvanced : . Wireless MANMAN- ---AdvancedAdvancedAdvanced:::: Mobile WiMax 2, or IEEE 802. 16m; . 3GPPLTE AdvancedAdvanced: LTE Release 10, supporting both paired Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and unpaired Time Division Duplex (TDD) spectrum. 6 Needs for IMT-Advanced systems Need for higher data rates and greater spectral efficiency Need for a Packet Switched only optimized system Use of licensed frequencies to guarantee quality of services Always-on experience (reduce control plane latency significantly and reduce round trip delay) Need for cheaper infrastructure Simplify architecture of all network elements 7 Impact and requirements on LTE characteristics Architecture (flat) Frequencies (flexibility) Bitrates (higher) Latencies (lower) Cooperation with other technologies (all 3GPP and -
Network 2020: Mission Critical Communications NETWORK 2020 MISSION CRITICAL COMMUNICATIONS
Network 2020: Mission Critical Communications NETWORK 2020 MISSION CRITICAL COMMUNICATIONS About the GSMA Network 2020 The GSMA represents the interests of mobile operators The GSMA’s Network 2020 Programme is designed to help worldwide, uniting nearly 800 operators with almost 300 operators and the wider mobile industry to deliver all-IP companies in the broader mobile ecosystem, including handset networks so that everyone benefits regardless of where their and device makers, software companies, equipment providers starting point might be on the journey. and internet companies, as well as organisations in adjacent industry sectors. The GSMA also produces industry-leading The programme has three key work-streams focused on: The events such as Mobile World Congress, Mobile World Congress development and deployment of IP services, The evolution of the Shanghai, Mobile World Congress Americas and the Mobile 360 4G networks in widespread use today The 5G Journey, developing Series of conferences. the next generation of mobile technologies and service. For more information, please visit the GSMA corporate website For more information, please visit the Network 2020 website at www.gsma.com. Follow the GSMA on Twitter: @GSMA. at: www.gsma.com/network2020 Follow the Network 2020 on Twitter: #Network2020. With thanks to contributors: DISH Network Corporation EE Limited Ericsson Gemalto NV Huawei Technologies Co Ltd KDDI Corporation KT Corporation NEC Corporation Nokia Orange Qualcomm Incorporated SK Telecom Co., Ltd. Telecom Italia SpA TeliaSonera -
Location Update Procedure
Location Update Procedure In order to make a mobile terminated call, The GSM network should know the location of the MS (Mobile Station), despite of its movement. For this purpose the MS periodically reports its location to the network using the Location Update procedure. Location Area (LA) A GSM network is divided into cells. A group of cells is considered a location area. A mobile phone in motion keeps the network informed about changes in the location area. If the mobile moves from a cell in one location area to a cell in another location area, the mobile phone should perform a location area update to inform the network about the exact location of the mobile phone. The Location Update procedure is performed: When the MS has been switched off and wants to become active, or When it is active but not involved in a call, and it moves from one location area to another, or After a regular time interval. Location registration takes place when a mobile station is turned on. This is also known as IMSI Attach because as soon as the mobile station is switched on it informs the Visitor Location Register (VLR) that it is now back in service and is able to receive calls. As a result of a successful registration, the network sends the mobile station two numbers that are stored in the SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card of the mobile station. These two numbers are:- 1. Location Area Identity (LAI) 2. Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI). The network, via the control channels of the air interface, sends the LAI. -
Security for the Core Network of Third Generation Mobile Systems
Security for the core network of third generation mobile systems GUNTER HORN, DIRK KROSELBERG Siemens AG, Corporate Technology, D-81730 Muenchen, Germany STEFANPUTZ T-Mobil, P.O. Box 300463, D-53184 Bonn, Germany ROLAND SCHMITZ T-Nova Technology Centre, D-64307 Darmstadt, Germany Keywords: UMTS, MAP Security, Multimedia domain, SIP, IPSec, IKE, Key Management Abstract: This contribution gives a survey of the present standardisation activities by 3GPP (3'd Generation Partnership Project1) in the area of security for signalling in the core network of third generation mobile systems. We give an overview of the protocols that need to be secured, present the basic principles behind the overall security architecture and describe the key management and format of secured messages, as far as they have already been finalised. In particular, we address core network security aspects of the 3GPP multimedia domain. 1 3GPP was formed by regional standards organisations from Europe, Asia and North America to produce specifications for a third generation mobile system named UMTS which is designed to evolve from GSM core network. There is a competing effort known as 3GPP2 with partners from North America and Asia. The original version of this chapter was revised: The copyright line was incorrect. This has been corrected. The Erratum to this chapter is available at DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-35413-2_36 R. Steinmetz et al. (eds.), Communications and Multimedia Security Issues of the New Century © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2001 298 1. THREATS TO CORE NETWORK SECURITY FOR MOBILE RADIO NETWORKS The core network of mobile radio systems is the part of the network which is independent of the radio interface technology of the mobile terminal. -
3GPP TS 33.103 V4.2.0 (2001-09) : 3Rd Generation Partnership Project
3GPP TS 33.103 V4.2.0 (2001-09) Technical Specification 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; 3G security; Integration guidelines (Release 4) The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP. The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP Organisational Partners and shall not be implemented. This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPP only. The Organisational Partners accept no liability for any use of this Specification. Specifications and reports for implementation of the 3GPP TM system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organisational Partners’ Publications Offices. Release 4 2 3GPP TS 33.103 V4.2.0 (2001-09) Keywords UMTS, security, guidelines 3GPP Postal address 3GPP support office address 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis Valbonne - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Internet http://www.3gpp.org Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorised by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restrictions extend to reproduction in all media. © 2001, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, CWTS, ETSI, T1, TTA,TTC). All rights reserved. 3GPP Release 4 3 3GPP TS 33.103 V4.2.0 (2001-09) Contents Foreword............................................................................................................................................................ 4 1 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... -
Ts 124 502 V15.2.0 (2019-04)
ETSI TS 124 502 V15.2.0 (2019-04) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 5G; Access to the 3GPP 5G Core Network (5GCN) via non-3GPP access networks (3GPP TS 24.502 version 15.2.0 Release 15) 3GPP TS 24.502 version 15.2.0 Release 15 1 ETSI TS 124 502 V15.2.0 (2019-04) Reference RTS/TSGC-0124502vf20 Keywords 5G ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org/standards-search The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the prevailing version of an ETSI deliverable is the one made publicly available in PDF format at www.etsi.org/deliver. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at https://portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI. -
Overview of Full-Dimension MIMO in LTE-Advanced Pro
Overview of Full-Dimension MIMO in LTE-Advanced Pro Hyoungju Ji, Younsun Kim, and Juho Lee, Samsung Electronics, Korea Eko Onggosanusi, Younghan Nam, and Jianzhong Zhang, Samsung Research America Byungju Lee, Purdue University Byonghyo Shim, Seoul National University Abstract Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with a large number of basestation antennas, often called massive MIMO, have received much attention in academia and industry as a means to improve the spectral efficiency, energy efficiency, and processing complexity of next generation cellular system. Mobile communication industry has initiated a feasibility study of massive MIMO systems to meet the increasing demand of future wireless systems. Field trials of the proof-of-concept systems have demonstrated the potential gain of the Full-Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO), an official name for the MIMO enhancement in 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP). 3GPP initiated standardization activity for the seamless integration of this technology into current 4G LTE systems. In this article, we provide an overview of the FD-MIMO system, with emphasis on the discussion and debate conducted on the standardization process of Release 13. We present key features for FD-MIMO systems, a summary of the major issues for the standardization and practical system design, and performance evaluations for arXiv:1601.00019v4 [cs.IT] 10 Aug 2016 typical FD-MIMO scenarios. To appear in IEEE Communications Magazine TO APPEAR IN IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE 2 Overview of Full-Dimension MIMO in LTE-Advanced Pro I. INTRODUCTION Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with a large number of basestation antennas, often referred to as massive MIMO systems, have received much attention in academia and indus- try as a means to improve the spectral efficiency, energy efficiency, and processing complexity [1]. -
Cellular Technology.Pdf
Cellular Technologies Mobile Device Investigations Program Technical Operations Division - DFB DHS - FLETC Basic Network Design Frequency Reuse and Planning 1. Cellular Technology enables mobile communication because they use of a complex two-way radio system between the mobile unit and the wireless network. 2. It uses radio frequencies (radio channels) over and over again throughout a market with minimal interference, to serve a large number of simultaneous conversations. 3. This concept is the central tenet to cellular design and is called frequency reuse. Basic Network Design Frequency Reuse and Planning 1. Repeatedly reusing radio frequencies over a geographical area. 2. Most frequency reuse plans are produced in groups of seven cells. Basic Network Design Note: Common frequencies are never contiguous 7 7 The U.S. Border Patrol uses a similar scheme with Mobile Radio Frequencies along the Southern border. By alternating frequencies between sectors, all USBP offices can communicate on just two frequencies Basic Network Design Frequency Reuse and Planning 1. There are numerous seven cell frequency reuse groups in each cellular carriers Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Rural Service Areas (RSA). 2. Higher traffic cells will receive more radio channels according to customer usage or subscriber density. Basic Network Design Frequency Reuse and Planning A frequency reuse plan is defined as how radio frequency (RF) engineers subdivide and assign the FCC allocated radio spectrum throughout the carriers market. Basic Network Design How Frequency Reuse Systems Work In concept frequency reuse maximizes coverage area and simultaneous conversation handling Cellular communication is made possible by the transmission of RF. This is achieved by the use of a powerful antenna broadcasting the signals. -
Location Update and Paging in Wireless Networks — Location Management Plays the Central Role in Providing Ubiquitous Communica
Location Update and Paging in Wireless Networks Paging • Paging is the one-to-one communication between the mobile and the base station • Paging is a procedure the network uses to find out a subscriber's location before actual call establishment. • Paging is used to alert the mobile station of an incoming call — Location management plays the central role in providing ubiquitous communications services in the future wireless mobile networks. Location update and paging are commonly used in tracking mobile users on the move, location update is to update a mobile user’s current location while the paging is used to locate a mobile user, both will incur signaling traffic in the wireless networks. The more frequent the location updates, the less paging in locating a mobile user, thus there is a tradeoff in terms of signaling cost There are two basic operations for tracking a mobile user: location update and terminal paging. Location update is the process for the mobile terminals to report their locations to the network, thus all mobiles are actively sending location update messages to keep the network informed. Terminal paging is the process for the network to search the called terminal by sending polling signals to cells close to the last reported location of the called terminal. When an incoming calls to a mobile user (we will use mobile user and mobile terminal interchangeably) arrives, the wireless network simply routes the call to the last reported location of the mobile terminal. Intuitively, the location accuracy depends on the location update frequency, the more often the location updates, the more accurate the location information. -
SCCP Signalling Aspects for Roaming Version 3.2.1 10 October 2005
GSM Association Non-confidential Official Document IR.22 - SCCP Signalling Aspects for Roaming SCCP Signalling Aspects for Roaming Version 3.2.1 10 October 2005 This is a Non-binding Permanent Reference Document of the GSMA Security Classification: Non-confidential Access to and distribution of this document is restricted to the persons permitted by the security classification. This document is confidential to the Association and is subject to copyright protection. This document is to be used only for the purposes for which it has been supplied and information contained in it must not be disclosed or in any other way made available, in whole or in part, to persons other than those permitted under the security classification without the prior written approval of the Association. Copyright Notice Copyright © 2015 GSM Association Disclaimer The GSM Association (“Association”) makes no representation, warranty or undertaking (express or implied) with respect to and does not accept any responsibility for, and hereby disclaims liability for the accuracy or completeness or timeliness of the information contained in this document. The information contained in this document may be subject to change without prior notice. Antitrust Notice The information contain herein is in full compliance with the GSM Association’s antitrust compliance policy. V3.2.1 Page 1 of 11 GSM Association Non-confidential Official Document IR.22 - SCCP Signalling Aspects for Roaming Table of Contents 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Scope 3 1.2 Abbreviations 3 2 Numbering Plan Indicator of Global Title 3 3 SCCP Requirement for a Node in the International ISDN 4 4 Process for the Establishment of PLMN Signalling Relationships 5 4.1 Message Routing 6 4.2 Establishment Process 6 5.