DOCSLIB.ORG

Berberis (Dřišťál)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Berberis (Dřišťál) Berberis (Dřišťál) čeleď: Berberidaceae Roste zejména v mírném pásu východní Asie, o zbytek se dělí Evropa a Andy. Vytváří husté stálezelené nebo opadavého bohatě větvené keře. Větve bývají slabé, obloukovité, hranaté a mohou být rýhované. Listy bývají mírně kožovité a často zubaté. Kvete v hroznových květenstvích, vlastní květy jsou žluté, béžové, oranžové nebo načervenalé. Plodem je bobule. Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - 'Red Jewel' Vyhovuje mu plné slunce nebo polostín a úrodná půda. Dobře snáší i hluboký řez a je tedy vhodný pro živé ploty. Množí se semeny nebo řízky. Berberis actinacantha synonyma: B. actinacantha var. crispa, B. actinacantha var. minor, B. brachyacantha, B. congestiflora var. hakeoides, B. coquimbensis, B. crispa, B. florida, B. hakeoides, B. variiflora oblasti: Jižní Amerika Pochází z Jižní Ameriky. Dorůstá výšky 30 - 50cm. Listy mu po celý rok neopadávají. Berberis acuminata Berberis acutinervia Berberis aemulans (Dřišťál podobný) oblasti: Asie, Evropa Pochází z Evropy a Asie. Listy mu opadávají. Berberis aetnensis synonyma: B. aetnensis var. calabrica, B. boissieri, B. sicula, B. vulgaris subsp. aetnensis, B. vulgaris var. aetnensis oblasti: Asie, Evropa, Itálie, J Evropa Pochází z Evropy a Asie. Listy jsou opadavé. Berberis affinis synonyma: B. floribunda var. affinis Berberis agapatensis Berberis aggregata (Dřišťál nahloučený) synonyma: B. aggregata var. integrifolia oblasti: Asie, Evropa Pochází z Evropy a Asie. Listy mu opadávají. Berberis agricola Berberis ahrendtii Berberis aitchisonii synonyma: B. crataegina var. cabulica oblasti: Afganistán, Asie, Pakistán, Střední Asie Roste v Afganistánu a Pakistánu v podobě keře. Dorůstá výšky 3m. Stonky jsou tmavěčervené, články dlouhé 0,8 - 1,5 (i 2,5)cm, trny jsou (1 -) 3četné a dlouhé 0,8 - 1,5 (i 2)cm. Listy jsou obvejčité, špičaté až zakulacené, zelené, dlouhé 1 - 2,5 (i 3,5)cm, široké 0,4 - 1 (i 1,5)cm a řapíky jsou dlouhé 1 - 5mm. Květenstvím je (2 -) 4 - 8 (i 15)tičetný hrozen, vlastní květy mají průměr 6 - 8mm a stopku délky 4 - 8mm. Plodem je mírně obvejčitá tmavá až šedobílá bobule délky 6 - 7mm a šířky 4 - 4,5mm. Berberis albicans Berberis aldenhamensis Berberis alpicola Berberis amabilis synonyma: B. amabilis var. holophylla Berberis ambigua Berberis ambrozyana Berberis amoena synonyma: B. amoena var. moloensis, B. amoena var. umbelliflora, B. leptoclada, B. schneideri, B. sinensis var. elegans Berberis amurensis (Dřišťál amurský) synonyma: B. amurensis f. bretschneideri, B. amurensis f. brevifolia, B. amurensis f. latifolia, B. amurensis var. brevifolia, B. amurensis var. japonica, B. amurensis var. latifolia, B. amurensis var. licentii, B. bretschneideri, B. regeliana, B. vulgaris var. amurensis, B. vulgaris var. japonica oblasti: Asie, Evropa Pochází z Evropy a Asie. Listy mu opadávají. Berberis andeana Berberis andreana Berberis angulosa (Dřišťál hranatý) synonyma: B. angulosa var. fasciculata oblasti: Asie, Evropa Pochází z Evropy a Asie. Listy mu opadávají. Berberis anhweiensis Berberis annaemariae Berberis anniae (Dřišťál Anniin) Berberis approximata Berberis aquifolium synonyma: B. aquifolium var. juglandifolia, B. fascicularis, B. fasciculata, Mahonia aquifolium, Odostemon aquifolium oblasti: Evropa, Iberský poloostrov, JZ Evropa, Katalánsko, SV Španělsko, Španělsko Berberis argentinensis synonyma: B. pseudospinulosa, B. trollii Berberis arguta synonyma: B. wallichiana f. arguta Berberis aridocalida Berberis aristata (Dřišťál osinatý) synonyma: B. bussmul, B. coccinea, B. coerulescens, B. elegans, B. gracilis, B. gracillima, B. macrophylla, B. serratifolia, B. umbellata, B. undulata oblasti: Asie, Evropa Pochází z Evropy a Asie. Listy mu opadávají. Berberis aristatoserrulata Berberis aristeguietae Berberis aristoserrulata Berberis armata Berberis asiatica synonyma: B. asiatica var. clarkeana, B. hypoleuca oblasti: Asie, Evropa Pochází z Evropy a Asie. Patří mezi stále zelené druhy. Berberis asmyana Berberis atrocarpa (Dřišťál černoplodý) synonyma: B. atrocarpa var. longipes, B. atrocarpa var. subintegra, B. atrocarpa var. suijiangensis oblasti: Asie, Evropa Pochází z Evropy a Asie. Patří mezi stále zelené druhy. Berberis atroprasina Berberis atroviridiana Berberis aurahuacensis Berberis baltistanica Berberis baluchistanica oblasti: Asie, Balúčistán, Pakistán, Střední Asie Roste v Pakistánu v podobě keře. Dorůstá výšky 1 - 2 (i 3)m. Stonky jsou červené až červenohnědé, články dlouhé 1 - 2,5 (i 3)cm, trny jsou (1 -) 3četné a dlouhé 1 - 2cm. Listy jsou tuhé, obvejčité, špičaté, přisedlé až krátce řapíkaté, dlouhé (1 -) 1,5 - 3 (i 4)cm a široké (0,5 -) 1 - 1,5 (i 2)cm. Květenstvím je hrozen délky 1 - 2,5cm na až 1cm stopce, vlastní květy jsou žluté, mají velikost 0,7 - 1cm, stopku délky 0,4 - 0,6 (i 1)cm, listeny jsou čárkovité, dlouhé 1 - 1,5mm, kalich má vnější kališní lístky délky 3 - 4mm, šířky 1,5 - 2mm, vnitřní jsou dlouhé 4,5mm, široké 2mm, korunní lístky jsou dlouhé 5mm a široké 3mm. Plodem je eliptická až kulovitá černá bobule délky 5 - 7mm, šířky 3 - 4mm a obsahuje zpravidla 2 podlouhlá semena délky 4mm. Berberis barandana Berberis barbeyana Berberis batangensis Berberis bealei synonyma: Mahonia bealei Berberis beaniana (Dřišťál Beanův) oblasti: Asie, Evropa Pochází z Evropy a Asie. Listy mu opadávají. Berberis beauverdiana Berberis beesiana synonyma: B. beesiana var. glabra Berberis beijingensis Berberis benoistiana Berberis berberidifolia (Dřišťál dřišťálolistý) Vyhynulý druh. Berberis bergeriana Berberis bergmanniae Berberis bergmanniiae (Dřišťál Bergmannův) oblasti: Asie, Evropa Pochází z Evropy a Asie. Patří mezi stále zelené druhy. Berberis bicolor Berberis bodinieri Berberis boliviana Berberis borealisinensis Berberis boschanii (Dřišťál Boschův) Berberis brachypoda (Dřišťál krátkostopký) Berberis brachystachys Berberis bracteata synonyma: B. dictyoneura var. bracteata Berberis brandisiana oblasti: Asie, Himálaj, Kašmír, Pakistán, Střední Asie, Z Himálaj Roste v Pakistánu, Kašmíru a Himálaji. Stonky jsou tmavěčervené s přírůstky délky 1,5 - 2,5 (i 4)cm a mohou mít 3četné trny délky 0,3 - 1 (i 1,5)cm. Listy jsou obvejčité, zašpičatělé, na okraji s 8 - 15ti ostny, dlouhé 2 - 4 (i 7)cm, široké 1 - 3 (i 4)cm a řapík má délku 0,5 - 2cm. Květenstvím je okolíkatý 3 - 6tičetný hrozen délky 2,5 - 4cm, vlastní květy mají stopku délky 1 - 1,5cm a průměr 0,9 - 1cm. Plodem je červená bobule délky 0,9 - 1cm a šířky 6 - 7mm. Berberis bretschneideri (Dřišťál Bretschneiderův) Berberis brevipaniculata Berberis brevissima oblasti: Asie, Pakistán, Střední Asie Roste v Pakistánu. Stonky i větve jsou bělavé nebo světlé, krátké, z části rozkladité s krátkými přírůstky a s 3četnými trny délky 0,5 - 1 (I 1,5)cm. Listy jsou přisedlé až téměř přisedlé, špičaté až hrotité, dlouhé 1 - 2cm a široké 3 - 6mm. Plodenství je 2 - 5tičetné, dlouhé 1cm, vlastní bobule jsou kulovité, dlouhé 3 - 5mm a obsahují 2 - 3 eliptická semena délky 2 - 2,5 (i 3)mm. Berberis brumalis Berberis buceronis Berberis buchananii Berberis bullata Berberis bumeliifolia Berberis burmanica Berberis buxifolia (Dřišťál zimostrázový) oblasti: Argentina, J Jižní Amerika, Jižní Amerika Pochází z Jižní Ameriky. Listy mu po celý rok neopadávají a jsou zelené. Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - 'Nana' - zakrslý Berberis bykoviana Berberis cabrerae Pochází z Jižní Ameriky. Listy mu opadávají. Berberis calcipratorum Berberis californica synonyma: B. dictyota, Mahonia dictyota Berberis calliantha oblasti: Asie, Čína, V Asie, Xizang (Tibet), Z Čína Roste v Tibetu ve vlhkých oblastech hor v podobě stálezeleného kompaktního keře. Dorůstá výšky do 1m. Listy jsou lesklé, tmavězelené, dlouhé 3,5cm a na spodní straně voskově bílé. Květy jsou bleděžluté, převislé a průměru 3,5cm. Plody jsou tmavěfialové a šedě ojíněné. Berberis calliobotrys oblasti: Afganistán, Asie, Kašmír, Pakistán, Střední Asie Roste v Afganistánu a Pakistánu, vzácně v Kašmíru v podobě keře. Dorůstá výšky 1 - 2m. Stonky jsou hnědočervené až světlehnědé, přírůstky zpravidla dlouhé 1 - 2cm a mají 3četné trny délky 1 - 2cm. Listy jsou variabilní, obkopinaté až obvejčité, přisedlé nebo s řapíky délky až 5mm, zpravidla celokrajné nebo s 1 - 4mi ostny na okraji, zelené, na vrcholu zpravidla hrotité, dlouhé 1 - 3,5cm, široké (0,2 -) 0,4 - 1,2cm, spodní strana může být až bělavá a ochlupená. Květenstvím je (2 -) 5 - 10tikvětý hrozen délky 1 - 3cm na 0,1 - 1cm stopce, vlastní květy jsou žluté, průměru 6 - 8mm, mají 0,5 - 1,2cm stopku, vnější kališní lístky délky 4mm, šířky 2 (i 2,5)mm, vnitřní jsou dlouhé 6mm, široké 4 (i 4,5)mm, korunní lístky jsou dlouhé 5,5 (i 6)mm a široké 3mm. Plodem je vejčitá černá bobule délky (5 -) 6 - 8 (i 9)mm, šířky 4 - 5 (i 6)mm a obsahuje 2 semena délky 3 - 5mm a šířky 2 - 2,5mm. Berberis campos-portoi Berberis campylotropa Berberis canadensis (Dřišťál kanadský) synonyma: B. brevifolia, B. caroliniana, B. caroliniana var. macrocarpa, B. fischeri, B. integerrima, B. macracantha, B. macrocarpa, B. macrotheca, B. microphylla, B. nitens, B. pisifera, B. serrulata, B. sinensis f. canadensis, B. vulgaris var. canadensis oblasti: Alabama, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Jižní Karolína, JV USA, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Pennsylvania, Severní Amerika, Severní Karolína, Střední Severní Amerika, Střední USA, SV USA, Tennessee, USA, V USA, Virginie, Západní Virginie Pochází ze Severní Ameriky. Listy mu opadávají. Berberis candidula (Dřišťál bělolistý) oblasti: Asie, Evropa Pochází z Evropy a Asie. Patří mezi stálezelené druhy. Dorůstá výšky i šířky 1 - 1,5m. Povrch je trnitý. Listy jsou drobné, tmavězelené a na spodní
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Universidad De Chile Facultad De Ciencias Forestales Y De La
    UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS FORESTALES Y DE LA CONSERVACION DE LA NATURALEZA ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS FORESTALES DEPARTAMENTO DE SILVICULTURA Y CONSERVACIÓN DE LA NATURALEZA COMPOSICIÓN FLORÍSTICA Y DIVERSIDAD DEL SOTOBOSQUE EN BOSQUES DE Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp et Endl.) Krasser DESPUÉS DEL RETROCESO DE LOS GLACIARES O’HIGGINS Y CHICO, CAMPO DE HIELO SUR Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniera Forestal SOFÍA MARILYN OLIVARES FIGUEROA Profesor Guía: Sr. Álvaro Promis Baeza. Ingeniero Forestal, Doctor en Recursos Naturales Santiago, Chile 2017 UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS FORESTALES Y DE LA CONSERVACIÓN DE LA NATURALEZA ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS FORESTALES DEPARTAMENTO DE SILVICULTURA Y CONSERVACIÓN DE LA NATURALEZA COMPOSICIÓN FLORÍSTICA Y DIVERSIDAD DEL SOTOBOSQUE EN BOSQUES DE Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp et Endl.) Krasser DESPUÉS DEL RETROCESO DE LOS GLACIARES O’HIGGINS Y CHICO, CAMPO DE HIELO SUR Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniera Forestal SOFÍA MARILYN OLIVARES FIGUEROA Calificaciones Nota Firma Prof. Guía Sr. Álvaro Promis 7,0 …………… Prof. Consejero Sr. Nicolás García 7,0 …………… Prof. Consejero Sr. Juan Pablo Fuentes 7,0 …………… AGRADECIMIENTOS Al profesor Álvaro Promis, por su compromiso y constancia para la realización de este trabajo. Por fomentar en mí el cuestionamiento, la observación y reflexión. Al Instituto Chileno de Campos de Hielo, por permitirme formar parte del programa Ciencia Joven y participar de la expedición que nos llevó a hasta uno de esos recónditos destinos, que cualquier amante y estudioso de la naturaleza quisiera visitar. A mis profesores consejeros Nicolás García y Juan Pablo Fuentes, por su disposición, contribución y acotaciones. A cada uno de las personas que dedicaron su tiempo de una u otra forma en la realización de este trabajo, escuchándome, aconsejándome, aclarando dudas, o apoyando directamente alguna de las actividades llevadas a cabo.
    [Show full text]
  • 9. a 10 Year Trial with South American Trees and Shrubs with Special
    9. A 10 year trial with SouthAmerican trees and shrubswith specialregard to the Ir,lothofaglzsspp. I0 6ra royndir vid suduramerikonskumtroum og runnum vid serligumatliti at Nothofagw-slogum SarenOdum Abstract The potential of the ligneous flora of cool temperate South America in arboriculture in the Faroe Isles is elucidated through experimental planting of a broad variety of speciescollected on expeditions to Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego 1975 andl9T9.Particular good results have been obtained with the southernmost origins of Nothofagus antarctica, N. betuloides, and N. pumilio, of which a total of 6.500 plants were directly transplanted from Tierra del Fuego to the Faroe Isles in 1979. Soren Odum, Royal Vet.& Agric. IJniv., Arboretum, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark. Introduction As a student of botany at the University of CopenhagenI got the opportunity to get a job for the summer 1960as a member of the team mapping the flora of the Faroe Isles (Kjeld Hansen 1966). State geologist of the Faroe Isles and the Danish Geological Survey, J6annesRasmussen, provided working facilities for the team at the museum, and also my co-student,J6hannes J6hansen participated in the field. This stay and work founded my still growing interest in the Faroese nature and culture, and the initial connections between the Arboretum in Horsholm and Tbrshavn developed from this early contact with J6annesRasmussen and J6hannes J6hansen. On our way back to Copenhagen in 1960 onboard "Tjaldur", we called on Lerwick, Shetland, where I saw Hebe and Olearia in some gardens. This made it obvious to me, that if the Faroe Isles for historical reasonshad been more or less British rather than Nordic, the gardensof T6rshavn would, no doubt, have been speckledwith genera from the southern Hemisphere and with other speciesand cultivars nowadays common in Scottish nurseries and gardens.
    [Show full text]
  • Literaturverzeichnis
    Literaturverzeichnis Abaimov, A.P., 2010: Geographical Distribution and Ackerly, D.D., 2009: Evolution, origin and age of Genetics of Siberian Larch Species. In Osawa, A., line ages in the Californian and Mediterranean flo- Zyryanova, O.A., Matsuura, Y., Kajimoto, T. & ras. Journal of Biogeography 36, 1221–1233. Wein, R.W. (eds.), Permafrost Ecosystems. Sibe- Acocks, J.P.H., 1988: Veld Types of South Africa. 3rd rian Larch Forests. Ecological Studies 209, 41–58. Edition. Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria, Abbadie, L., Gignoux, J., Le Roux, X. & Lepage, M. 146 pp. (eds.), 2006: Lamto. Structure, Functioning, and Adam, P., 1990: Saltmarsh Ecology. Cambridge Uni- Dynamics of a Savanna Ecosystem. Ecological Stu- versity Press. Cambridge, 461 pp. dies 179, 415 pp. Adam, P., 1994: Australian Rainforests. Oxford Bio- Abbott, R.J. & Brochmann, C., 2003: History and geography Series No. 6 (Oxford University Press), evolution of the arctic flora: in the footsteps of Eric 308 pp. Hultén. Molecular Ecology 12, 299–313. Adam, P., 1994: Saltmarsh and mangrove. In Groves, Abbott, R.J. & Comes, H.P., 2004: Evolution in the R.H. (ed.), Australian Vegetation. 2nd Edition. Arctic: a phylogeographic analysis of the circu- Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, pp. marctic plant Saxifraga oppositifolia (Purple Saxi- 395–435. frage). New Phytologist 161, 211–224. Adame, M.F., Neil, D., Wright, S.F. & Lovelock, C.E., Abbott, R.J., Chapman, H.M., Crawford, R.M.M. & 2010: Sedimentation within and among mangrove Forbes, D.G., 1995: Molecular diversity and deri- forests along a gradient of geomorphological set- vations of populations of Silene acaulis and Saxi- tings.
    [Show full text]
  • Sinopsis De Las Especies Argentinas Del Genero Berberis (Berberidaceae) *
    Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica Volumen XVII, N° 1-2 (Marzo 1976), págs. 127-149 SINOPSIS DE LAS ESPECIES ARGENTINAS DEL GENERO BERBERIS (BERBERIDACEAE) * POR MARIA CRISTINA ORSI SUMMARY Synopsis of the Argentine species of the Genus < Berberis > (Berberidaceae). A synthesis of the author’s studies on the 26 Argentine species of Berberis is presented. Type specimens of the Genus- from Argentine, Chilean, Brazilian and European herbaria were analized. A key, concerning the vegetative and sexual morphology and phytogeographical area of each species is provided. In all cases, their respective ecological behavior and general distribution are described. The vernacular names and the list of “rusts” (Uredinales) which infect the different species are given. Their applications (as drugs, food, dyes, ornament, etc.) are also mentioned. The three fossil species known for Argentine arc here compiled. The main taxonomic novelties proposed are the following: Berberis serrato-dentata Lechl. ( = B. pearcei Phil.); ( = B. negeriana Tischl.). Berberis bidentata Lehcl. ( = B. lologensis Sand.). Berberis antucoana Schn. ( = B. barilochensis Job). Berberis heterophylla Juss. ( = B. cuneata DC.). Berberis argentinensis Hoss. ( = B. trollii Diels). Berberis ilicifolia L. fil. ( = B. ilicifolia sensu Forst.). INTRODUCCION El género Berberis se presenta en la República -Argentina en forma de arbustos generalmente espinosos, siendo excepcionales tanto los casos de árboles de hasta 8 m de altura como los de arbustos rastreros. Habita en cuatro Dominios Fitogeográficos dentro de nuestro territorio: Subantár- tico, Andino-Patagónico, Chaqueño y Amazónico2. Aunque las especies * Extracto del trabajo de tesis presentado para optar.al grado de Doctor en Ciencias Naturales Orientación Botánica en la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La Plata,— U.N.L.P.
    [Show full text]
  • Activity of Berberis Species and Wild Strawberry from the Argentinean Patagonia
    molecules Article Polyphenol Composition and (Bio)Activity of Berberis Species and Wild Strawberry from the Argentinean Patagonia Melina F. Chamorro 1, Gabriela Reiner 1, Cristina Theoduloz 2, Ana Ladio 1, Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann 3 , Sergio Gómez-Alonso 4 and Felipe Jiménez-Aspee 5,* 1 Laboratorio Ecotono, INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Bariloche 8400, Río Negro, Argentina 2 Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Region del Maule, Chile 3 Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Region del Maule, Chile 4 Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada, Departamento de Química Analítica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain 5 Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 346000, Región del Maule, Chile * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +56-71-2200-291 Received: 5 August 2019; Accepted: 2 September 2019; Published: 12 September 2019 Abstract: The Argentinean Patagonia berries Berberis microphylla, Berberis darwinii, and Fragaria chiloensis ssp. chiloensis f. patagonica were investigated for their polyphenol content and composition by means of liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The in vitro antioxidant activity and inhibition of metabolic syndrome-associated enzymes (α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and lipase) of the fruit extracts was assessed. The most complex polyphenol profile was found in the Berberis samples, with 10 anthocyanins, 27 hydroxycinnamic acids, 3 proanthocyanidins, 2 flavan-3-ol, and 22 flavonols. Fragaria presented four anthocyanins, nine ellagitannins, two proanthocyanidin dimers, one flavan-3-ol, and five flavonols.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Communities As Bioclimate Indicators on Isla Navarino, One of the Southernmost Forested Areas of the World
    Gayana Bot. 73(2): 391-401, 2016 ISSN 0016-5301 Plant communities as bioclimate indicators on Isla Navarino, one of the southernmost forested areas of the world Las comunidades vegetales como indicadores bioclimáticos en isla Navarino, una de las áreas forestales más australes del planeta JOSÉ ANTONIO MOLINA1*, ANA LUMBRERAS1, ALBERTO BENAVENT-GONZÁLEZ1, RICARDO ROZZI2,3,4 & LEOPOLDO G. SANCHO1 1Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain. 2Parque Etnobotánico Omora, Sede Puerto Williams, Universidad de Magallanes, Chile. 3Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Santiago, Chile. 4Department of Philosophy and Religion Studies, University of North Texas, USA. *[email protected] ABSTRACT Variation in climactic vegetation with altitude is widely used as an ecological indicator to identify bioclimatic belts. Tierra del Fuego is known to undergo structural and functional changes in forests along altitudinal gradients. However there is still little knowledge of the changes in plant-community composition and plant diversity –including both forests and tundra and their area of contact (krummholz)– and their relation to climatic factors along an altitudinal gradient. This study focuses on Isla Navarino (Chile), at the eastern part of Beagle Channel, included in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve. Numerical analysis revealed four community types along the cited gradient: a) mixed forest of Nothofagus betuloides and Nothofagus pumilio distributed at lower altitudes (0-300 masl); b) pure forests of Nothofagus pumilio distributed at higher altitudes (350-550 masl); c) krummholz forest of Nothofagus pumilio near the tree line (500-550 masl); and d) pulvinate-cushion vegetation –tundra– of Bolax gummifera and Abrotanella emarginata at altitudes above 600 masl.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    The Arthur Herbarium Centennial: 100 Years of Uredinology in Indiana and the Great Lakes Region John W. McCain and Joe F. Hennen The Arthur Herbarium, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 In January, 1883, Dr. J. C. Arthur published his first manuscript on uredinology, the study of the taxonomy and biology of the rust fungi, the Uredinales. This we take as the starting date for the Arthur Herbarium. Because the Arthur Herbarium (PUR), now at Purdue University in West Lafayette, In- diana, has now for 100 years been the major site in the United States, and possibly the world, for taxonomic studies of these important plant pathogens, a review of the history of Indiana Uredinology is in order. Parts of Dr. Arthur's story have been published before (11, 16, 17, 19, 24, 30), so new information was sought for this report. The Arthur Herbarium is in its centennial year, but rust collecting in In- diana began more than 100 years ago. Jackson (23) credited the first explicit report of a rust fungus in Indiana to Dr. John M. Coulter in 1876, who found a rust on Lespedeza violacea (L.) Pers. (bush clover: Leguminosae), presumably near Hanover. Because there was then no Arthur Herbarium, Coulter sent the rust specimen to Dr. Charles H. Peck, New York State Museum at Albany, for iden- tification. Peck indentified the fungus as Uromyces lespedezae-procumbentis (Schw.) Curtis, then called U. lespedezae-violaceae Schw., but added, "... inasmuch as the name is objectionable both because of its com- pound character and because of it implied limitation of the habitat of the fungus, which occurs on the leaves of all of our species of Lespedeza, it seems best to .
    [Show full text]
  • 30376.Pdf (3.057Mb)
    Presentado el 31/5/2020 - Aceptado 18/11/2020 REVISTA DE AYSENOLOGÍA Número 9, 2020, pp. 57-79, Coyhaique Versión impresa ISSN 0719-7497 Versión online ISSN 0719-6849 Caracterización de las especies del género Berberis y sus propiedades funcionales. Región de Aysén, Chile Fernán Silva Labbe, Ingeniero Agrónomo Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero - SAG, [email protected] Diego Arribillaga, Ingeniero Agrónomo Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias – INIA, [email protected] Erwin Domínguez Díaz, Biólogo Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, [email protected] Carolin Códova, Ingeniero Agrónomo Universidad de Concepción, [email protected] Claudia Gómez, Ingeniero Agrónomo Consultora Privada, [email protected] Jaime Salinas, Ingeniero Forestal Instituto Forestal INFOR, [email protected] Characterization of the species of the genus Berberis and its functional properties. Aysén Region, Chile RESUMEN: El género Berberis es común entre los out for its ability to absorb free radicals much higher than arbustos de la Patagonia y su distribución se asocia a los that of other native and cultivated berries. Alkaloids such bosques templados y andino patagónicos, así como a los as berberine are always present and stand out for their matorrales abiertos de estos ecosistemas. En la antibiotic properties. These shrubs fulfill strategic Patagonia Occidental existen cinco especies: Berberis functions in the recovery of the native forest by acting as darwinii, B. serratodentata, B ilicifolia, B. empetrifolia, B. nurses in the first stages of ecological succession and in microphylla y Berberis microphylla forma heterophylla. restoration practices. The article reviews the chemical Todos los Berberis son arbustos más o menos espinosos properties, morphological characteristics and que tienen compuestos funcionales antioxidantes como geographical distribution of each species; pests and flavonoides y antocianinas, donde B microphylla destaca diseases that affect them and opportunities and threats por su capacidad de absorción de radicales libres muy are described in general.
    [Show full text]
  • Native and Exotic Plants with Edible Fleshy Fruits Utilized in Patagonia and Their Role As Sources of Local Functional Foods Melina Fernanda Chamorro and Ana Ladio*
    Chamorro and Ladio BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2020) 20:155 BMC Complementary https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-02952-1 Medicine and Therapies RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Native and exotic plants with edible fleshy fruits utilized in Patagonia and their role as sources of local functional foods Melina Fernanda Chamorro and Ana Ladio* Abstract Background: Traditionally part of the human diet, plants with edible fleshy fruits (PEFF) contain bioactive components that may exert physiological effects beyond nutrition, promoting human health and well-being. Focusing on their food-medicine functionality, different ways of using PEFF were studied in a cross-sectional way using two approaches: a bibliographical survey and an ethnobotanical case study in a rural community of Patagonia, Argentina. Methods: A total of 42 studies were selected for the bibliographical review. The case study was carried out with 80% of the families inhabiting the rural community of Cuyín Manzano, using free listing, interviews, and participant observation. In both cases we analyzed species richness and use patterns through the edible consensus and functional consensus indices. Local foods, ailments, medicines and drug plants were also registered. Results: The review identified 73 PEFF, the majority of which (78%) were native species, some with the highest use consensus. PEFF were used in 162 different local foods, but mainly as fresh fruit. Of the total, 42% were used in a functional way, in 54 different medicines. The principal functional native species identified in the review were Aristotelia chilensis and Berberis microphylla. In the case study 20 PEFF were in current use (50% were native), and consensus values were similar for native and exotic species.
    [Show full text]
  • Developing DNA Barcodes for Species Identification of Berberis and Dysosma Genera in Vietnam
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY ISSN Print: 1560–8530; ISSN Online: 1814–9596 17–0947/2018/20–5–1097–1106 DOI: 10.17957/IJAB/15.0608 http://www.fspublishers.org Full Length Article Developing DNA Barcodes for Species Identification of Berberis and Dysosma Genera in Vietnam Le Thi Thu Hien1*, Nguyen Nhat Linh1, Pham Le Bich Hang1, Nguyen Phuong Mai1, Ha Hong Hanh1, Huynh Thi Thu Hue1 and Ha Van Huan2 1Institute of Genome Research (IGR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam 2Vietnam National University of Forestry (VNUF), Xuan Mai, Chuong My, Hanoi, Vietnam *For correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract Berberidaceae is the well-known traditional herbal medicine family, including 14 genera and about 700 species, and is considered as a very complex family in term of classification. Nowaday, DNA barcoding can be used to overcome the existed limitation in morphological-based species identification of this family. Therefore, the objective of this study was to find the most efficient DNA barcode regions for identifying species of Berberis and Dysosma genera. Leaf specimens of Berberis wallichianae, Berberis julianae, Mahonia bealei, and Dysosma difformis were collected and dried in silica gel. Total DNA extraction and purification, PCR amplification and DNA sequencing were performed with standard chemicals and kits. Six candidate DNA barcode regions including ITS, matK, 18S, psbA-trnH, rbcL, and trnL were amplified, and sequenced. Data were analysed using Seqscape 2.6, DNASTAR Lasergene 7.1, Bioedit 7.0.9.0, and MEGA 7 softwares. Analysis of six obtained DNA barcode sequences of collected samples revealed that ITS and psbA-trnH regions provided the lowest similarity in sequence and the highest species discriminating power for Berberis genus, while ITS and 18S regions were suitable for species identification of Dysosma genus.
    [Show full text]
  • Woodland Communities in the Chilean Cold-Temperate Zone (Baker and Pascua Basins): Floristic Composition and Morpho-Ecological Transition
    Gayana Bot. 68(2): 141-154, 2011 ISSN 0016-5301 Woodland communities in the Chilean cold-temperate zone (Baker and Pascua basins): Floristic composition and morpho-ecological transition Comunidades leñosas en la zona chilena frío-templada (cuencas de los ríos Baker y Pascua): Composición florística y transición morfo-ecológica OSVALDO J. VIDAL1, JAN R. BANNISTER1, VÍCTOR SANDOVAL2, YESSICA PÉREZ3 & CARLOS RAMÍREZ4 1Institute of Silviculture, Faculty of Forest and Environmental Sciences, University of Freiburg, Tennenbacherstrasse 4, D-79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany. 2Instituto de Manejo Forestal, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Isla Teja, Valdivia. Chile. 3Instituto de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Isla Teja, Valdivia. Chile. 4Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile. [email protected] ABSTRACT This study describes the floristic composition and morpho-ecological transition of woodlands along a climatic gradient in the southern cold temperate zone of Chilean Patagonia. A total of 256 phytosociological relevés were performed across a 150 km NE-SW transect to record vascular plant species. Classification (cluster analysis) and ordination (principal component analysis) techniques were used to segregate and examine the communities. Biodiversity indicators including richness and abundances of species natives and exotics, importance
    [Show full text]
  • Is Speciation Faster in the Tropics?
    Is speciation faster in the Tropics? Comparison of diversification rates between temperate and tropical Berberis L. (Berberidaceae) Nicolás Lavandero López 19/08/2016 Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the MSc in the Biodiversity and Taxonomy of Plants 1 ABSTRACT The Latitudinal Diversity Gradient (LDG) is one of the most common observed and studied patterns in ecology. The study of the uneven distribution of species across the globe has nourished a body of ecologic theories, with several hypotheses proposed in order to explain this pattern. LDG has been suggested to be caused by higher speciation rates in the tropics compared with temperate regions. In order to test this hypothesis, a phylogeny of the mostly Northern Temperate but also South American genus Berberis was constructed and dated. Nuclear ITS and chloroplast ndhF regions were used to build a molecular phylogeny representing most of the sections of Berberis found in the Northern Hemisphere and South America. Bayesian diversification analyses were done using the time-calibrated phylogeny. Our results suggest a significant rate shift in diversification near the base of Berberis, with no further increase in speciation rates towards the tropics. The evidence suggests no significant differences in speciation for Berberis between tropical and temperate zones. Further studies will be required to test whether higher rates detected in the Himalayan clade are linked to the mountain uplift. 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, I would like to thank to my great supervisors, James Richardson, Tiina Sarkinen and Bhaskar Adhikari. Without your help, suggestions, last minute corrections and their valuable support I would not have survived at the last three months.
    [Show full text]