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What Were the Aims and Origins of the 1942 Dieppe Raid?
1 TITLE: What were the Aims and Origins of the 1942 Dieppe Raid? CONTENTS: IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF SOURCES: ................................................................ 2 INVESTIGATION: ............................................................................................................................................ 3 REFLECTION: .................................................................................................................................................... 6 BIBLIOGRAPHY: .............................................................................................................................................. 7 2 IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF SOURCES: This study will investigate the question: “What were the aims and origins of the 1942 Dieppe Raid?” At the time, Operation Jubilee was the single largest combined operation of WWII and it proved to be a complete bloodbath for the allied forces involved. Beyond the two sources chosen for evaluation, the study uses a range of sources that are listed in the bibliography. These include a report by Canadian Military Headquarters1, a book by military historian Mark Zuehlke2, and an analysis of the significance and impact of the raid by the Canadian Veteran Affairs Organization3. The military report on the planning and execution of the raid outlines the Military’s official position on Operation Jubilee. This information is supported by the official analysis of the events at Dieppe by the Canadian government. However, individual historians such as -
Air Operations at Dieppe: an After-Action Report
Canadian Military History Volume 12 Issue 4 Article 6 2003 Air Operations at Dieppe: An After-Action Report Trafford Leigh-Mallory Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/cmh Part of the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Leigh-Mallory, Trafford "Air Operations at Dieppe: An After-Action Report." Canadian Military History 12, 4 (2003) This Feature is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Canadian Military History by an authorized editor of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Leigh-Mallory: Air Operations at Dieppe Air Operations at Dieppe An after-action report by Air Marshal Trafford Leigh-Mallory he ill-fated action at Dieppe in August 1942 is control organization was used for this purpose and Tmost often remembered for the heavy casualties it proved very successful in co-ordinating the various suffered by the Canadian land forces deployed in the offensive and defensive air operations during the assault and the political controversy that followed Dieppe Raid. A system of forward air control was also this ‘military debacle’. Lingering doubts over the established using radio links onboard headquarters rationale for the raid, and persistent statements ships. This enhanced the flexibility of the air forces that lives were lost in vain, continue to this day. But by linking centralized control with decentralized the Dieppe Raid was much more than casualties delivery. Moreover, it was on the basis of the success and questionable military decision making. It had achieve by the air forces during the Dieppe Raid that immediate and valuable implications on the planning the air plan for Operation Overlord was devised. -
Total War / BOOM Powerpoint
Class Building: BOOM! ¨ Use your playing card to find someone else in the room with the same number as you on their card. They will be your partner for ROUND 1! ¤ Thumbs up or Thumbs down ¤ Then THROW choice of” Thumbs” ¨ If you MATCH your partner, you both celebrate by yelling BOOM! ¨ If you DON’T MATCH your partner, you put your hands behind your back and go again. ¨ Now… on to ROUND 2! What were the outcomes of Canada’s participation in a “Total War”? Did we make a difference? On Land Land Spies In the Air (Espionage) Total Air War OnHome The AtSea Sea HomefrontFront Socrative Quiz: ¨ Download the SOCRATIVE app to your Smart device. It’s FREE! ¨ Join the class GWSSDuncan ¨ And select the active Quiz: Early Battles of WWII Be sure to ¨ This Socrative Quiz will be download the running during the entire lesson STUDENT version today. When you think you of the app know the answer to a question, answer it on your Smart phone. Uh oh… ¨ Blitzkrieg – Lightning War; strategy used to overwhelm the opposition. ¨ Denmark fell in a day ¨ Norway fell in a month ¨ The Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg fell to Germany in quick succession ¨ Hitler turns his attention on France ¨ The Maginot Line (aka. The IMaginot Line) fails to defend France The Miracle at Dunkirk ¨ May to June 1940 ¨ Nazis invade and take control of France pushing Allied soldiers back to the coast ¨ 338,000 troops saved ¨ 800 Privately owned “little ships” ¨ +222 Naval Vessels including 4 Royal Canadian Navy destroyers http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/ wwtwo/ launch_ani_fall_france_campaign.shtml -
The Dieppe Raid
, 2012 Mud and Canadians Take Vimy Ridge Death at In 1917, Canadians took part in a First World War battle that even Passchendaele today is a national point of pride. The scene was Vimy Ridge—a long, In the fall of 1917, Canadian troops in heavily defended hill along the Belgium fought in the Third Battle of Western Front in northern France Ypres, better known as the Battle of near Arras. The British and French Passchendaele. had tried unsuccessfully to capture it earlier in the war. On April 9, 1917, The autumn rains came early that year it was Canada’s turn. to Flanders Fields. The fighting churned the flat terrain into a sea of muddy clay. Early that morning, after months Trenches filled with cold water and of planning and training, the first collapsed. Shell holes overflowed with group of 20,000 Canadians attacked. muck. Men, equipment and horses that Through the snow and sleet, Allied slipped off the duckboards (wooden artillery laid down a “creeping walkways in trenches and on paths) barrage”—an advancing line of precise were sucked into the swampy mess— shell fire. Soldiers followed closely Photo: LAC PA-004388 often never to be seen again. behind the explosions and overran A tank advancing with infantry at Vimy Ridge. the enemy before many of them could The Canadians took over from the leave their underground bunkers. approximately 11,000 of our men first time the four Canadian divisions, battered British forces who had been Most of the ridge was captured by were killed or wounded. uniting more than 100,000 Canadians fighting there since July. -
Thesis Abstract Final
Abstract EMILY LAWRENCE British and American Special Forces in World War II: Easy Company and the No. 4 Commando (Under the Direction of DR. JOHN MORROW JR.) A study of the British No. 4 Commando and !"#$%&'()"*$%'+%,-.%/*0%1",,"23'*%456,-% 7"8"9-:,.%;*+"*,8$%<.=3(.*,%'+%,-.%>*3,.0%?,",.#%@5@#,%A38B'8*.%C3D3#3'*%.E)'#.#%"%+:8,-.8% :*0.8#,"*03*=%'+%?).93"2%F'89.#%3*%G'820%G"8%;;H%1',-%,-.%>*3,.0%?,",.#%"*0%I8.",%183,"3*% 0.D3#.0%,-.#.%?).93"2%F'89.#%3*%@JK5%3*%'80.8%,'%98.",.%"*%'++.*#3D.%,'%#2'L%,-.%3*D"03*=% AE3#%)'L.8#H%M-.%'BN.9,3D.#O%,8"3*3*=O%"*0%0'9,83*.%8.("3*.0%03#,3*9,%+'8%,-.%)"8",8'').8#% "*0%,-.%9'(("*0'#O%L-'%"22%D'2:*,..8.0%,'%N'3*%,-.%'D.8,2$%0"*=.8':#%+'89.#H%A%2''P%",%,-.% 8"30#%+'8%L-39-%."9-%:*3,%3#%B.#,%8.9"22.0O%C3.)).%+'8%,-.%Q'H%K%&'(("*0'%"*0%CRC"$%+'8% !"#$%&'()"*$O%322:#,8",.#%,-.%0.("*0#%):,%'*%,-.%(.*%"*0%,-.%#:99.##.#%3*%,-.38% .*0."D'8#H%S'80%S'D",%2.0%,-.%Q'H%K%&'(("*0'%3*%C3.)).%"*0%C39P%G3*,.8#%2.0%!"#$% &'()"*$%'*%CRC"$O%B:,%,-.#.%(.*%"2#'%2.0%,-.38%#).93"2%+'89.#%3*%("*$%',-.8%B",,2.#% #,:03.0%3*%,-3#%L'8PH%M-.%:)B83*=3*=%'+%B',-%2."0.8#%"*0%,-.38%"9,3'*#%)'#,%L"8%L"88"*,% ",,.*,3'*%3*%"*%",,.(),%,'%:*0.8#,"*0%-'L%,-.#.%(.*%9"(.%,'%2."0%"#%9':8"=.':#2$%"*0% B83223"*,2$%"#%,-.$%"8=:"B2$%030%,-8':=-':,%,-.%L"8H%M-3#%#,:0$%3#%)83("832$%+'9:#.0%'*%!"#$% &'()"*$O%,-.%Q'H%K%&'(("*0'O%,-.38%"9,3'*#%0:83*=%G'820%G"8%;;O%"*0%,-.%3()"9,%,-.#.% (.*%-"0%'*%A223.0%D39,'83.#H IQC!T%GU<C?V%!"#$%&'()"*$%/*0%1",,"23'*%456,-%7"8"9-:,.%;*+"*,8$%<.=3(.*,%>*3,.0% ?,",.#%@5@#,%A38B'8*.%C3D3#3'*O%183,3#-%Q'H%K%&'(("*0'#O%S3.:,.*"*,%S'80% S'D",O%W"N'8%C39P%G3*,.8#O%G'820%G"8%;;O%CRC"$O%C3.)).% BRITISH AND AMERICAN SPECIAL FORCES IN WORLD WAR II: EASY COMPANY AND THE NO. -
Canadian Airmen Lost in Wwii by Date 1943
CANADA'S AIR WAR 1945 updated 21/04/08 January 1945 424 Sqn. and 433 Sqn. begin to re-equip with Lancaster B.I & B.III aircraft (RCAF Sqns.). 443 Sqn. begins to re-equip with Spitfire XIV and XIVe aircraft (RCAF Sqns.). Helicopter Training School established in England on Sikorsky Hoverfly I helicopters. One of these aircraft is transferred to the RCAF. An additional 16 PLUTO fuel pipelines are laid under the English Channel to points in France (Oxford). Japanese airstrip at Sandakan, Borneo, is put out of action by Allied bombing. Built with forced labour by some 3,600 Indonesian civilians and 2,400 Australian and British PoWs captured at Singapore (of which only some 1,900 were still alive at this time). It is decided to abandon the airfield. Between January and March the prisoners are force marched in groups to a new location 160 miles away, but most cannot complete the journey due to disease and malnutrition, and are killed by their guards. Only 6 Australian servicemen are found alive from this group at the end of the war, having escaped from the column, and only 3 of these survived to testify against their guards. All the remaining enlisted RAF prisoners of 205 Sqn., captured at Singapore and Indonesia, died in these death marches (Jardine, wikipedia). On the Russian front Soviet and Allied air forces (French, Czechoslovakian, Polish, etc, units flying under Soviet command) on their front with Germany total over 16,000 fighters, bombers, dive bombers and ground attack aircraft (Passingham & Klepacki). During January #2 Flying Instructor School, Pearce, Alberta, closes (http://www.bombercrew.com/BCATP.htm). -
Youth Remember the Dieppe Raid Building Ties Across the Atlantic
Youth Remember the Dieppe Raid Building Ties Across the Atlantic There is no doubt that the Dieppe Raid was one of the darkest chapters in Canada’s military history. When Canadian troops landed on the beaches of Dieppe in occupied France on the morning of August 19, 1942, they could not have imagined the horrors that awaited them. The Germans were well prepared and ready to meet the Canadians with heavy machine gun fire and artillery. In mere hours, more than 900 Canadian lives were lost. The brave men who survived would be haunted by the memories of that fateful day, and the battle would be forever etched in the Canadian memory. How do people heal after such a tragedy? How does a nation recover? How can we honour those who gave their lives and make sure their sacrifice is never forgotten? In the aftermath of disaster, people will often come together to help one another and to rebuild their shattered lives. In many ways, strengthening relationships is an important part of the healing process. Remembering the goodness in humanity and focusing on what brings us together rather than what divides us is, in itself, an important tribute to the fallen. Since ancient times, people have built monuments to those who died; dedicating special places to remember those who have made the ultimate sacrifice. Commemorative structures often have an artistic component such as a sculpture or a symbol that highlights human ideals and gives a sense of hope for a better future. These monuments are often located at a gathering place where people can come together to remember and to support one another. -
Airpower in the Battle of the Bulge: a Case for Effects-‐‑Based Operations?
Journal of Military and Strategic VOLUME 14, ISSUE 1, FALL 2011 Studies Airpower in the Battle of the Bulge: A Case for Effects-Based Operations? Harold R. Winton ȱ ȱ dzȱ ¢ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ throughout are those of a campaign on land in which the primary problem at the time is the defeat of an enemy army in the field.1 J.C. Slessor, 1936 ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ ȱ Ȃȱ work, Air Power and Armies, the published version of lectures he presented to his army brethren at the Staff College, Camberley in the mid-ŗşřŖǯȱ ȱ Ȃȱ ǰȱ ȱ paper is focused historically on an air effort to defeat an enemy army, or in this case an army groupȯField Marshal ȱȂȱ¢ȱ ȱǰȱȱȱȱ to which Adolf Hitler entrusted his last, desperate gamble to win World War IIȯa campaign that became known in history as the Battle of the Bulge. But in keeping with ȱ ȱ ȱ ȃ ȱ ǰȄȱ t will relate the course and consequences of that campaign to an ongoing doctrinal debate in the American armed forces over a concept known as Effects-Based Operations, or EBO. The issue on the table is to determine the 1 J.C. Slessor, Air Power and Armies (London: Oxford University Press, 1936), p. xi. ©Centre of Military and Strategic Studies, 2011 ISSN : 1488-559X JOURNAL OF MILITARY AND STRATEGIC STUDIES extent to which the evidence of using airpower in the Bulge confirms, qualifies, or refutes the tenets of EBO. While this question may seem somewhat arcane, it is not without consequence. -
“Total War”? Did We Make a Difference?
LESSON PLAN 8 8: What were the outcomes of Canada’s involvement in a “Total War”? Did we make a difference? LESSON LESSON MATERIALS & OTHER NOTES FOR EDUCATORS DURATION PREPARATION 1 class period • Playing cards (standard • I define a “Total War” as a conflict involving (75 minutes) deck) prepared for your contribution to battles on LAND, at SEA, and size of class. in the AIR; but also on the HOMEFRONT, and • Canada in a Total War through ESPIONAGE. Your concept of “Total handout/worksheet (11x17) War” may be different. When the 5 aspects of a • Lesson powerpoint “Total War” work together (as fingers on my hand) they come together to form a fist; one strong enough to beat our enemies in WWII. When one element is missing, (ie. Land) our defensive and offensive capabilities are weakened. HISTORICAL CAUSE & CONSEQUENCE THINKING CONCEPT & Using a definition of “Total War” students will examine information and primary sources to RATIONALE help them understand why Canadians fought, how they contributed, and the outcomes of their contribution to WWII conflict. CLASSROOM INQUIRY PROCESS Formulate Gather Interpret Evaluate Communicate Questions & Organize & Analyse & Decide Set Up: Playing Prior to the Lesson) Timeline of Use worksheet to draw Student’s Card Interview The Second World War worksheet conclusions from historical Personal evidence and primary Response: “Did Class Building Concept of Total War and Context source quotations about the we make a Activity: “BOOM!” presented (referencing WWII “outcomes” of a Total War. difference?” as Timeline). homework. “Wait for me Daddy” Alternating between content and Photograph quote analysis for each of; analysis • Dunkirk • Battle of Britain • Battle of the Atlantic • Dieppe • Homefront Industry Lesson Plan 8 Page 1 PRIOR TO THE LESSON: Timeline of WWII (30 minutes) I find that students understand the Second World War when they can see it chronologically. -
Dieppe 1942 - the Jubilee Disaster, (London, 1980) Pp.251-252 2 P
'What were the objectives of the Dieppe Raid and how far were they realised?' The Dieppe Raid was an operation launched by the British Combined Operations Headquarters on 19 August 1942 with its target the French port of Dieppe as Operation JUBILEE. Envisaged as a large scale raid of limited duration it utilised air and naval assets and a landing force provided mostly by the 2nd Canadian Division but also including three British Commandos. By the end of the day total Allied casualties amounted to 3,367 out of 5000 engaged in the operation, the vast majority of whom were Canadians1. German casualties were a little over 600. The Dieppe Raid had two sets of objectives; tactical and strategic. The tactical objectives are those set for the actual conduct of the attack and are relatively easy to determine and assess. The strategic objectives are those wider aims for the operation in terms of grand strategy and diplomacy and are somewhat more difficult to assess not least due to the controversy that surrounds the operation. In tactical terms the plan was for the ground force to land at five locations on the coastline around Dieppe. On the eastern flank No.3 Commando would land and destroy2 a German coastal battery to protect the assault shipping. On the western flank No.4 Commando would conduct a similar operation to destroy another German coastal battery. At Puys to the east of Dieppe a reinforced Canadian battalion would land and secure the high ground which dominated the port. Similarly at Pourville to the west two Canadian battalions were to land and secure the high ground there3. -
A HISTORY of IV (Army Co-Operation) Squadron
A HISTORY OF IV (Army Co-operation) Squadron 1912 - 2009 1 CONTENTS Battle Honours Page 3 Motto Page 4 Foreword Page 6 The Formative Years Page 7 World War 1 Page 9 The Inter-war Years Page 14 World War 2 Page 19 The Cold War Page 27 The Cold War – Harrier I Page 30 Post-Cold War – Harrier II Page 33 Post-9/11 Conflicts Page 35 Post Script Page 38 Members’ Recollections Page 39 Gate Guardian Page 50 Affiliations Page 51 Award of IV(AC) Sqn Standard Page 53 IV (AC) Sqn Bases Page 54 IV (AC) Sqn Aircraft Page 57 IV (AC) Sqn Commanding Officers Page 59 Age vs Seniority Page 60 Squadron Origins Page 61 2 BATTLE HONOURS IV(AC) Squadron Western Front 1914-1918 Mons Neuve Chappelle Somme 1916 Ypres 1917 Lys Somme 1918 France and Low Countries 1939-1940 Fortress Europe 1942-1945 France and Germany 1944-1945 Normandy 1944 Arnhem Rhine Iraq 2003 3 MOTTO IV(AC) Squadron The motto “In Futurum Videre” (To see into the future, or forward looking) refers to the Squadron’s reconnaissance role. The badge: ‘A sun in splendour divided by a flash of lightning’ was approved by HRH King Edward VIII in May 1936. The red and black segmented sun suggests “round the clock” operations while the lightning flash indicates speed and is also a reference to the unit’s early use of wireless telephony for artillery co-operation. 4 Squadron Personnel l914 Squadron Personnel 2009 5 FOREWORD By OC IV(AC) Squadron Wg Cdr H Smyth ‘…the man who looks back at history, goes forward with one eye blind; he who looks only to the future, goes forward blind in both eyes.’ (Russian Proverb) On the 16th September 2007, No IV(Army Co-operation) Squadron celebrated its 95th Anniversary. -
Dieppe: the Awards
Canadian Military History Volume 4 Issue 2 Article 4 1995 Dieppe: the Awards Hugh A. Halliday [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/cmh Recommended Citation Halliday, Hugh A. "Dieppe: the Awards." Canadian Military History 4, 2 (1995) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Canadian Military History by an authorized editor of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Halliday: Dieppe: the Awards Published by Scholars Commons @ Laurier, 1995 1 Canadian Military History, Vol. 4 [1995], Iss. 2, Art. 4 s the survivors of the Dieppe Raid gathered London, and the War Office. The matter was Ain England, officers rushed to sort out the further discussed with Combined Operations administrative aftermath. This included writing Headquarters and with the GOC First Canadian reports for superiors (military and political) as Corps. By August 26th, 1942, the general policy well as despatching letters of condolences to next had been laid down. First Canadian Corps of kin. There was, however, another task to be instructed the General Officer Commanding, 2nd performed-that of distributing honours and Canadian Division (Major General Roberts) to awards to those involved. This proceeded in submit recommendations for 100 immediate stages, the first of which culminated in the awards in respect of Dieppe operations. It was publication of Dieppe-related awards in the suggested that 40 should go to officers and 60 to London Gazette of October 2nd, 1942. The scale other ranks. First Canadian Corps also requested of these varied according to services; their that approximately 150 Mentions in Despatches distribution was as follows: be submitted with similar officer/OR proportions.