08/05/2016 Bone Markings : Skeletal System

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Home Health News Human Body Biology Chemistry Glossary Textbooks Bone Disorders Ads by Google ► Bone Tissue ► Bone Marrow ► Human Skull Bone ► Bone on Bone Knee Sun 8 May 2016 Bone Markings / Features on Bones Human Body Study Section Bone markings and the features of bones (including the correct words used to describe them) are often required by first­level courses in human anatomy and associated health science subjects. It is important to be familiar with the terminology used to Human Body Index refer to bone markings in order to communicate effectively with professionals involved in healthcare, research, forensics, and Health Glossary related disciplines. More about Bones and the Skeletal System: The following terms used to describe bone markings or features on bones are in alphabetical order with short definitions: Human Skeleton Axial and Appendicular Word / Term Meaning / Description Type of Example(s) Skeleton (Bone Marking or bone The Structure and Feature) marking Functions of Bones Types of Bones 1. Angle A corner Feature of Inferior angle (lower) and superior angle (upper) are Bone Markings & Features shape of bone the rounded angles or "corners" of the scapula. on Bones Disorders of the Skeletal 2. Body The main portion of a bone The diaphysis of long bones such as the humerus. System Curvature of the Spine 3. Condyle Rounded bump or large rounded Process ­ The medial condyle of the femur (bone), upper­leg. prominence. Such rounded surfaces forms joints Types of Joints usually fit into a fossa on another bone to Specific bones: form a joint. Skeletal Structures of the Head and Neck 4. Crest Moderately raised and therefore prominent Process ­ The iliac crest of the ilium (bone), which is part of the hip. Vertebral Column border or ridge. Such crests are often sites attach Scapula Bone for a muscle attachment. connective tissues Arm Bones Hand Bones 5. Diaphysis Shaft (main section) of a long­bone The long straight sections of e.g. the humerus, fibula, tibia Skeletal Structures of the and femur. Hands and Feet

Glossary Pages 6. Epicondyle Bump near a condyle; often give Process ­ The medial epicondyle of the humerus, which is larger Bones (Arms & Hands) appearance of a "bump on a bump"; for attach and more prominent than the lateral epicondyle (of the muscle attachment connective humerus bone). Bones (Head & Neck) tissues Bones (Legs & Feet) 7. Epiphysis The end part of a long bone which usually Articular part The proximal epiphysis (shoulder­end) and the distal has a larger diameter than the shaft­part of (ends) of long epiphysis (elbow­end) of the humerus bone. the bone (which is called the diaphysis). bones. Any Questions ? 8. Facet A smooth flat articular surface. Such flat Process ­ Facets (surfaces) of spinal vertebrae, e.g. the superior surfaces may form a joint with another forms joints articular facets of cervical vertebrae. facet or flat bone.

9. Fissure Long, crack­line hole for blood vessels and Channel­like The tympanomastoid fissure (also known as the nerves cleft or crack auricular fissure) separates the tympanic portion of the temporal bone from the mastoid portion of the temporal bone and carries the auricular branch of the vagus nerve through the bone structure.

10. Foramen Round hole through which blood vessels, Hole The foramen magnum of the occipital bone at the base (pl. foramina) nerves or ligaments pass. of the skull. Also vertebral foramina in the vertebrae of the spine.

11. Fossa A shallow depression (the word suggests (Shallow) The mandibular fossa of the temporal bone, forming (pl. fossae) "ditch" or "trench"). Such depressions in depression part of the skull behind the ear/s. the surface of bones often receive another articulating bone with which a joint is formed.

12. Head A rounded projection that forms part of a Process ­ Head of the femur at the top of the femur (bone), upper­ joint (in combination with a fitting part of an forms joints leg. adjacent bone) and is separated from the shaft of the same bone by a narrow portion (usually called a "neck").

13. Line Similar to a crest but not raised as much ­ Superior temporal line and inferior temporal line on may be relatively faint the outer surfaces of each of the parietal bones of the skull.

14. Margin Edge of a flat bone or flat portion of the The supraorbital margin on the external surface of the edge of a flat area frontal bone forms the upper boundary of the base of the orbit (approx located on the upper surface of the eye sockets towards the lateral sides so upper­right of right eye and upper­left of left eye).

15. Meatus A tube­like opening or channel extending Channel External auditory meatus of the temporal bone, forming (pl. meati) within a bone. through bone the part of the skull behind the ear.

16. Neck A section of bone (esp. of long bones) Neck of the femur below the top "head" of the femur between the "head" and the "shaft" of the (bone), upper­leg. bone, the "neck" of a bone is a narrowed portion, usually located at the base of the "head" of the bone.

17. Notch A V­like depression in the margin or edge of Articulatory The radial notch of the ulna (inner bone of the lower a flat area surface forearm) is a narrow, oblong, articular depression on the lateral side of the coronoid process; it articulates with the head of the radius (outer bone of the lower forearm). Human Body & Recent Health News: 18. Process A raised area or projection Process ­ The vertebrae have transverse process(es) and attach spinous process(es) which are, in general, more Yellow fever mosquito larvae connective pronounced the lower the position of the vertebrae down Mind­Body Workbook for Anxiety: Effecti… found in New Zealand ­ 8 Mar tissues the spine. Stanley H. Block MD, Carolyn Bryant Block (Paperb… Public health nursing in the UK $18.94 ­ 3 Mar 19. Ramus Curved portion of a bone, like a ram's horn. Curved The inferior pubic ramus and the superior pubic surface ramus are features of the lower part of the pelvis bone. Aromatherapy Book wins (pl. rami) Botanical Literature Award 4D Master Transparent Human Anatomy … (USA) ­ 19 Feb 20. Sinus Cavity within a bone Cavity The sphenoidal sinuses are the semi­open areas enclosed by the sphenoid bone that act as drains from Getting Fit Lassa Fever outbreak in the nasal cavity. $23.91 Benin, West Africa ­ 11 Feb Horses respond to human 21. Spine or Similar to a crest but raised higher; a sharp, Process ­ The spinous processes of vertebrae, which together facial expressions ­ 11 Feb Spinous process pointed, slender projection. Such sharp attach form the "spine" (backbone). raised projections called spines are often connective Human Body (The 100+ Series(TM)) No significant benefit from sites for muscle attachment. tissues (Paperback ­ Mar 9, 2015) routine use of antibiotics for $11.94 malnourished children ­ 8 Feb 22. Sulcus Groove, crevice or furrow. Such elongated Channel­like Sigmoid sulcus on the inner surface of the mastoid AMA endorses 2015­2020 (pl. sulci) depressions may accommodate a blood depression portion of the temporal bone(s) ­ which form part of the Dietary Guidelines (USA) ­ 8 vessel, nerve or tendon. skull (behind the ears). http://www.ivyroses.com/HumanBody/Skeletal/Bone­Markings.php 1/2 08/05/2016 Bone Markings : Skeletal System

Jan 23. Trochanter Large blunt bump­like projection (larger Process ­ Only one human example: the greater trochanter at the Human Biology: Concepts and Current Is… than a tuberosity, which is in turn larger attach top of the femur (bone), upper­leg. Michael D. Johnson (Paperback ­ Jan 13, 2011) Study­Aids about Bones and than a tubercle) connective $155.22 the Skeletal System: tissues

24. Tuberosity Large rounded or oblong projection that Process ­ The deltoid tuberosity of the humerus (bone), upper­ may look like a raised bump. Such attach arm. The Human Body Atlas: How the Human … rounded/oblong projections called connective (Hardcover ­ Jan 15, 2010) tuberosities are often sites for muscle tissues $11.68 attachment.

25. Tubercle Small tuberosity that may also be described Process ­ The non­articular part of each rib tubercle attaches to as a round nodule or warty outgrowth. attach the ligament of the tubercle. Science and Health, with Keys to the Scri… connective Mary Baker Eddy (Paperback ­ Dec 31, 2014) tissues; can $8.99 also form articular surfaces Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers Mary Roach (Paperback ­ May 17, 2004) Note: This table lists bone markings and features on bones in alphabetical order. It is a numbered list because some people find it easier to $9.57 remember sets of information by also remembering how many of each type of item they have to recall.

This is the end of this page about bone markings and the features on bones. See also how many bones in the human body, the structure and functions of bones, cranial and facial bones, bones of the feet and hands and skeletal disorders. Privacy

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