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TTEENNNNEESSSSEEEE AARRCCHHAAEEOOLLOOGGYY Volume 4 Summu er 2009 Numbers 1-2 EDITORIAL COORDINATORS Michael C. Moore TTEENNNNEESSSSEEEE AARRCCHHAAEEOOLLOOGGYY Tennessee Division of Archaeology Kevin E. Smith VOLUME 4 Summer 2009 NUMBERS 1-2 Middle Tennessee State University 1 EDITORS CORNER EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE 2 Colleague, Mentor, and Friend: Essays in Honor David Anderson of Charles H. Faulkner University of Tennessee TIMOTHY E. BAUMANN AND MARK D. GROOVER 13 Sifting through the Backdirt: An Interview with Patrick Cummins Charles H. Faulkner Alliance for Native American Indian Rights TIMOTHY E. BAUMANN AND CHARLES H. FAULKNER Aaron Deter-Wolf ARTICLES Tennessee Division of Archaeology 25 Understanding Historic Farmstead Continuity and Change Using Human Behavioral Ecology Jay Franklin TODD M. AHLMAN East Tennessee State University 48 Camps Tolerably Well Policed: Artifact Patterns Phillip Hodge and Feature Function at the Florence Stockade Tennessee Department of Transportation PAUL G. AVERY 66 The Web of Cultural Identity: A Case Study of Zada Law African-American Identity and "Soul Food" Ashland City, Tennessee TIMOTHY E. BAUMANN 94 Early Archaic Raw Material Use Patterns in Larry McKee Tennessee TRC, Inc. ANDREW P. BRADBURY AND PHILIP J. CARR 117 Social Change and Neighborhood Katherine Mickelson Transformations in the Late Nineteenth and Early Rhodes College Twentieth Centuries: The Urban Archaeology of Sarah Sherwood Three Communities in the Ohio Valley Dickinson College TANYA A. FABERSON AND JENNIFER L. BARBER 145 Archaeological Explorations of the Workshop Lynne Sullivan Rock Shelter, Upper Cumberland Plateau, Frank H. McClung Museum Tennessee JAY FRANKLIN AND SIERRA BOW Guy Weaver 162 Exploring Hoosier Material Culture: Landscape Weaver and Associates LLC and Architectural Archaeology at the Moore- Youse House and Huddleston Farmstead Tennessee Archaeology is published MARK D. GROOVER semi-annually in electronic print format 180 Preliminary Efforts toward a Cultural Resource by the Tennessee Council for Survey of the Charcoal-Based Iron Industry in Professional Archaeology. East Tennessee, ca. 1770-1890 C. ALAN LONGMIRE Correspondence about manuscripts for 194 New Cave and Rock Art Sites in Tennessee: 2007 the journal should be addressed to JAN F. SIMEK, SARAH A. BLANKENSHIP, NICHOLAS P. Michael C. Moore, Tennessee Division HERRMANN, SARAH C. SHERWOOD, AND ALAN CRESSLER of Archaeology, Cole Building #3, 1216 211 Buffalo Rock (11JS49): A Historic Period Native Foster Avenue, Nashville TN 37243. American Rock Art Site in Johnson County, The Tennessee Council for Professional Illinois MARK J. WAGNER, MARY R. McCORVIE, AND CHARLES A. Archaeology disclaims responsibility for SWEDLUND statements, whether fact or of opinion, 229 Cradle of the Middle Class?: Ceramic and made by contributors. Architectural Analysis of Two Southeastern Urban Households AMY L. YOUNG On the Cover: Charles H. Faulkner, 2007 Southeastern Archaeological Conference Lifetime Achievement Award EDITORS CORNER We are pleased to present the fourth volume of Tennessee Archaeology as a joint “two-issues-in-one” for a special reason. With Volume 4, we host a special topical volume in honor of Charles H. Faulkner. The reader will note that not all of the articles in this volume are specifically about Tennessee sites or artifacts. However, all of these articles showcase the training, guidance, and mentoring provided to anthropology stu- dents by Dr. Faulkner during his decades of service at the University of Tennessee. When we were contacted by Mark Groover and Tim Baumann about the possibility of producing a "festschrift" volume of Tennessee Archaeology, we both felt this was an appropriate place to celebrate the contributions and legacy of Charles Faulkner. As most dictionaries will show, a "festschrift" is a writing offered to commemorate or cele- brate a respected and distinguished scholar on some special occasion during their lives. The special occasion resulting in this volume was Dr. Faulkner's "retirement", as most of the articles published here are versions of papers presented by his former students at a special symposium in his honor at the 2007 Southeastern Archaeological Conference held in Knoxville, Tennessee. This journal is an appropriate place to honor and recognize Charles H. Faulkner be- cause it also represents something of his legacy to Tennessee archaeology. The goal of Tennessee Archaeology has been to provide a state archaeological publication devoted to the archaeology of Tennessee. We follow in the footsteps of Dr. Faulkner, who al- most single-handedly produced and edited the journal Tennessee Anthropologist for over two decades. That particular journal provided a publication outlet for much of our own research in the Nashville Basin during the 1980s and 1990s. When Tennessee Anthropologist ended in 2000, archaeologists across Tennessee expressed an interest in continuing that state publication legacy in some fashion. Tennessee Archaeology is the result of that interest through the Tennessee Council for Professional Archaeology. In the first three volumes of Tennessee Archaeology, former students of Dr. Faulk- ner were authors or co-authors on 20% of the published articles and research reports. With Volume 4 that total rises to 40%. Charles Faulkner has left a legacy to all of us. While his own work has (and will) continue to stand on its own merits, the work of his students will expand upon and continue that legacy for many generations to come. We also expect that the "work of his works" -- the students of his students -- will grow, ex- pand, and continue that tradition of excellence throughout Tennessee and other regions across the United States. We thank Mark and Tim for their efforts in guest-editing this volume, as we turned over most of that work to them in gathering, editing, and forwarding these papers to us. We did complete reviews and technical editing of submitted papers as seemed neces- sary and appropriate, as well as make all formatting decisions. However, the editorial coordinators acknowledge that the bulk of the editorial work for this volume should be attributed to Mark and Tim. This volume would not be in your hands today without their efforts. 1 COLLEAGUE, MENTOR, AND FRIEND Essays in Honor of Charles H. Faulkner Timothy E. Baumann and Mark D. Groover Charles H. Faulkner has been a fa- culty member in the Department of Anth- ropology at the University of Tennessee since 1964. During this time, he has made significant and extensive contributions to the study of North American archaeology, particularly in the state of Tennessee in the areas of settlement patterns and tech- nology of the Woodland and Mississippian periods, cave and rock art studies, and historical archaeology of the Middle South and Appalachian culture. In recognition of his research, in 2001 Dr. Faulkner re- ceived the Ramsey Award for Lifetime Achievement in promoting the History of East Tennessee Through Archaeology, Research, and Teaching from the East Tennessee Historical Society. In 2005 he received the Career Achievement Award from the Tennessee Council for Profes- sional Archaeology. In 2007 he was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Eastern States Rock Art Re- search Association. He was also the reci- pient of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference Award for Lifetime Achieve- ment in Southeastern Archaeology in land and Mississippian periods in the 2007. Middle South, most notably through his During the first third of Dr. Faulkner’s studies of the Old Stone Fort, Owl Hollow, career in the 1960s and 1970s, he ex- and the McFarland projects. These im- amined the prehistory of East and Middle portant studies have afforded new insights Tennessee by directing site survey and into Woodland-period residential archi- excavations at several large and logisti- tecture, Middle Woodland hilltop enclo- cally challenging reservoir projects, such sures, and regional ceramic traditions. as the investigations at Nickajack, Tims In the 1980s, Charles Faulkner pio- Ford, Tellico, and Normandy reservoirs. neered Tennessee cave and rock art re- The Normandy project alone resulted in search at the Eastman Rockshelter, Big eight major technical monographs. His Bone Cave, Mud Glyph Cave, and others. research efforts during this time has en- At Mud Glyph Cave, he conducted hanced our understanding of the Wood- groundbreaking analysis of southeastern 2 Guest Editors' Introduction rock art, bringing to light previously undo- Faulkner’s archaeological research can- cumented cave art traditions from the not fully convey the heft of his scholarship Mississippian period. Since his work at and the extent of his substantial contribu- Mud Glyph Cave, an appreciable number tions to North American archaeology. of additional cave art sites have been do- During his 45-year career at the University cumented in the region by his students of Tennessee, he has been awarded over and colleagues. In particular, Dr. Faulk- 45 grants and contracts, including re- ner’s work has influenced Dr. Jan Simek peated research support from the National at the University of Tennessee to estab- Science Foundation, the National Geo- lish and direct the Cave Archaeology Re- graphic Society, the National Park Ser- search Team, which works to identify and vice, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the document prehistoric use of caves in the Tennessee Historical Commission, and southeastern U.S. the Tennessee Department of Transpor- Beginning in the early 1980s, Charles tation.
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