Die Tibet-Bahn: Der Zug Ins Extreme Eine Eisenbahnlinie Höher Gelegen Als Jede Andere Der Welt

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Die Tibet-Bahn: Der Zug Ins Extreme Eine Eisenbahnlinie Höher Gelegen Als Jede Andere Der Welt Streckendaten Golmud - Lhasa Die Tibet-Bahn: Der Zug ins Extreme Eine Eisenbahnlinie höher gelegen als jede andere der Welt Länge 1125 Kilometer davon über 4.000 m Seehöhe 960 Kilometer davon auf Permafrostboden 550 Kilometer Höchster Punkt Tanggula-Pass, 5.072 Meter Höchstgelegener Bahnhof Tanggula, 5.068 Meter Höchstgelegener Tunnel Fenghuo-Shan-Tunnel, 4.905 Meter Längster Tunnel Yangbajing-Tunnel, 3.345 Meter Anzahl Brücken 675 mit einer Gesamtlänge von 160 km (ab Xining) 2001-2005 Die Eisenbahnstrecke der Tibet-Bahn in der Volksrepublik Nanshankou). Die übrigen rund 1100 km sind in den China verbindet Xining, die Hauptstadt der Provinz Jahren 2000 bis 2006 fertiggestellt worden. Der 2006 neu Bauzeit 2001 - 2005 Qinghai, mit Lhasa, der Hauptstadt des Autonomen eingeweihte Streckenabschnitt beginnt in Golmud in der Gebietes Tibet. Die Gesamtstrecke geht über 1956 km – Provinz Qinghai, von wo die Fahrt nach Lhasa zwölf Eröffnung 1. Juli 2006 mit den beiden Teilabschnitten Xining-Golmud (814 km, Stunden dauert. Von Peking kommend benötigt der Zug seit 1984 in Betrieb) und Golmud-Lhasa (1142 km, seit 48 Stunden. Damit ist die Tibet-Bahn, deren bautech- Fahrtzeit Golmud-Lhasa etwa 12 Stunden Peking-Lhasa etwa 48 Stunden 2006 in Betrieb). Mit einem Scheitelpunkt von 5.072 nische Fertigstellung im Oktober 2005 verkündet wurde, Metern ist sie die höchstgelegene Bahnstrecke der Erde das bisher größte Eisenbahnbauprojekt des 21. Jahr- (255 m höher als die Peruanische Südbahn). An ihr liegen hunderts. Der technische Probebetrieb begann Anfang ebenfalls der höchstgelegene Bahnhof der Welt Februar 2006, der offizielle Eröffnungszug verließ Peking (Tanggula, 5.068 m) und der höchstgelegene Tunnel der am 1. Juli 2006, dem 85. Gründungstag der Kommun- Welt (4.905 m). In Höhen von mehr als 4.000 Metern istischen Partei Chinas (KPCh), und erreichte Lhasa am 3. verlaufen rund 960 km des Streckenabschnitts von Juli 2006. Im August 2006 ist die Strecke in den Regel- Golmud bis Lhasa. Von den 1142 km dieser Strecke betrieb übergegangen. bestanden 42 km bereits seit 1984 (von Golmud bis Die Tibet-Bahn: Eine Eisenbahnlinie höher gelegen als jede andere der Welt Die Tibet-Bahn: Eine Eisenbahnlinie höher gelegen als jede andere der Welt Streckenführung weitere stabilisierende Besonderheit des Dammes ist das Schotterbett, welches auf einem rund drei Die Gesamtstrecke der Tibet-Bahn beginnt in Xining, Meter hohen Fundament aus grob behauenen, jedoch wird häufig Golmud als Anfangspunkt kopfgroßen Steinbrocken, die ohne Mörtel locker bezeichnet, da die 2006 fertiggestellte Neubau- übereinandergeschichtet sind, liegt. So kann der strecke im südlich von Golmud gelegenen Nans- Dauerwind auf dem Hochplateau durch die Ritzen hankou ansetzte. Bis dahin war Golmud Endpunkt pfeifen und die Steine sowie die darunter liegende des in den 1980er Jahren fertiggestellten, 814 Erde kühl halten. Kilometer langen ersten Streckenabschnitts der in Xining beginnenden Qing-Zang-Bahn. Trotzdem erklärte das chinesische Eisenbahn- ministerium bereits einen Monat nach der Sie führt nach dem Kunlun-Pass über die kleinen Eröffnung, dass der Permafrostboden unter der Orte Budongquan, Wudaoliang, Tuotuoheyan Bahnlinie sinke und erste Risse zeige, was die Bahn (Gemeinde Tanggulashan) zum 5.220 Meter hohen an manchen Stellen destabilisiert. Auch der Beton Tanggula-Pass. Die höchste Tunnelstrecke liegt beim einiger Bahnkonstruktionen zeige Risse. Weitere Pass und Berggipfel Fenghuo Shan (5.262 m), nach Gefahren gingen von Wanderdünen und Yak-Herden dem ersten Drittel des Abschnitts zwischen Kunlun aus, wofür die Ingenieure noch keine Lösung hätten. Shan und Tanggula-Pass, auf 4.905 Metern Höhe; Der Permafrostboden soll aufgrund der globalen den Scheitelpunkt der Strecke und Übergang ins Erwärmung in den nächsten 50 Jahren um ein Drittel Autonome Gebiet Tibet stellt der Tanggula-Pass zurückgehen. Die Züge werden in Gebieten mit Reisebedingungen & Ausstattung Eine elektronische Anzeige pro Waggon zeigt die (allerdings im offenen Gelände) dar. Wie schon zuvor gefrorenem Boden 100 km/h, in anderen ohne aktuelle Höhe sowie die Geschwindigkeit des Zuges führt die Strecke zunächst weiter durch die Permafrostboden 120 km/h erreichen. Die Ausstattung der Wagen auf der Bahnstrecke ist an. Zwischen Golmud und Lhasa (etwa 12 Stunden tibetische Hochebene, bis sie nach Damxuang ins unterschiedlich komfortabel. Auf Grund der großen Fahrtzeit) hält der Zug an mehreren Versorgungs- Tal des Flusses Doilung Qu absteigt und schließlich Das ist die weltweit höchste Geschwindigkeit, die Höhe, in der die Züge verkehren, sind in allen Wagen punkten, ein Ein- und Ausstieg ist hier jedoch nicht in Lhasa endet. Züge auf gefrorenem Hochlandboden fahren. Systeme zur Sauerstoffversorgung eingebaut. Über möglich. Aufgrund der körperlichen Belastung Personenzüge bestehen aus drei Lokomotiven mit die zentrale Klimaanlage wird die Luft zentral während der Fahrt (insbesondere Gefahr der Streckenbau 16 Wagen und bieten jeweils 930 Sitzplätze. durchgehend so mit Sauerstoff angereichert, wie es Höhenkrankheit) ist eine entsprechende Vorbe- einer Höhe von rund 2000-3000 m entspricht. Je reitung und Vorsicht sinnvoll. Bautechnisch ist die Bahn ebenfalls eine Besonder- nach Wagenkategorie sind zusätzliche Sauer- heit: Ein Viertel der Strecke wurde auf Perma- stoffdüsen in den Abteilen und auf dem Gang frostboden gebaut. Dieser Boden taut im Sommer angebracht: kurzzeitig auf, ohne dass der Boden durch Vegetation stabilisiert wird. Auch kann das aufge- ■ „Soft Sleeper“: Vier-Bett-Abteil (zwei Doppelstock- taute Wasser nicht in den noch gefrorenen Boden betten) mit regelbarer Sauerstoffdüse an einem abfließen, eine Matschschicht an der Oberfläche Bettende, Leselampe und kleinem Bildschirm am wäre die Folge. Die Schienentrasse würde darin anderen Ende (Film über den Bau der Strecke). einsinken. Aus diesem Grund wurden besondere Dazu Kopfkissen, Bettwäsche, zentraler Tisch und Abdeckungen entwickelt, um ein Auftauen zu Kabinentür (da Soft Sleeper von Reisegruppen verhindern. und Regierungsbeamten bevorzugt wird, besteht hier eingeschränkte Verfügbarkeit für kleine Spezielle Stahlröhren wurden an kritischen Gruppen oder Einzelreisende). Streckenabschnitten verlegt, um das Auftauen des Permafrostbodens zu verhindern. Mit diesen Röhren ■ „Hard Sleeper“: Sechs-Bett-Abteil (zwei Dreistock- verhindern auch die Nepalesen, dass ihre Häuser betten) mit schmaleren Betten und Steckdosen versinken. 10.000 solcher Kühlstäbe mit Kühl- nur auf dem Gang. flüssigkeit wurden in den Boden getrieben. Diese sind hohl, mit Ammoniak gefüllt und schauen drei ■ „Seat“: Sitzplätze Meter aus dem Erdreich heraus. Dazu pro Wagen zwei freiliegende Waschbecken (im Waggon-Durchgangsbereich) sowie zwei Es wird ausgenutzt, dass auch im Sommer die Toiletten. Ein Speisewagen mit fest definiertem Luft-temperatur unter dem Gefrierpunkt liegt. Das Menü (drei Mahlzeiten) und kleinem Kiosk. Für flüssige Ammoniak verdunstet im Sockel unten und das gesetzte Essen sind die Uhrzeiten im Speise- hält dadurch den Permafrostboden kühl. Der wagen zu reservieren. Nach offizieller Aussage aufsteigende Ammoniakdampf gibt am oberen werden die Züge von medizinischem Personal Ende, an der Atmosphäre, seine Wäre ab, wird begleitet. wieder flüssig und sinkt wieder nach unten. Eine.
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