The Waiting Game
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Liasis Fuscus) in Tropical Australia
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive) Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health 1-1-2009 Spatial ecology of hatchling water pythons (Liasis fuscus) in tropical Australia Richard Shine University of Sydney Thomas R. Madsen University of Wollongong, [email protected] Ligia Pizzatto University of Sydney Gregory P. Brown University of Sydney Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/scipapers Part of the Life Sciences Commons, Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Shine, Richard; Madsen, Thomas R.; Pizzatto, Ligia; and Brown, Gregory P.: Spatial ecology of hatchling water pythons (Liasis fuscus) in tropical Australia 2009, 181-191. https://ro.uow.edu.au/scipapers/380 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Spatial ecology of hatchling water pythons (Liasis fuscus) in tropical Australia Abstract Young snakes are rarely seen in the field and little is known about their habits. mostly because they are too small for radio-telemetry (the primary method for Studying snake spatial ecology). However, the offspring or some larger species can be fitted with transmitters and we investigated the spatial ecology and habitat use of ten hatchling water pythons (Liasis fuscus: Pythonidae) in the floodplain of the Adelaide River, tropical Australia. Patterns of habitat use in the late wet season and during the dry season were similar to those of adults tracked in the same vicinity in an earlier study. Soon after release the young snakes moved to the floodplain, va oiding pasture areas. -
Problems of Python Classification and Hybrid Pythons
PROBLEMS OF PYTHON CLASSIFICATION AND HYBRID PYTHONS. By: Raymond Hoser, 170 Lawson Street, Redfern, NSW, 2016, Australia. Contents: Introduction - Summary of the problems in classifying Australia's pythons - Hybrids between species - Acknowledge ments - References. INTRODUCTION Australasia's pythons attract disproportionate in terest from herpetologists within Australia and elsewhere. There is also considerable debate in relation to the relationships between species, with various arrangements being proposed. Authors including Cogger (1986), Schmida (1985), and Stafford (1986), have tended to follow 'con sensus opinion' when assigning generic names to Australasian pythons. References in relation to general and more specific aspects of Australian pythons can be found in Haser (1981 a , 1981 b, 1981 c and 1982), and elsewhere. This short paper gives a summary of the problems facing Australian python taxonomists and gives details of an unusual captive breeding that resulted in hybrids between species being produced. SUMMARY OF THE PROBLEMS IN CLASSIFYING AUSTRALIA'S PYTHONS With the exception of the Black headed python and Woma (Genus Aspidites), all other Australian py thons have at various times been assigned to a number of different genera. Numerous schemes of 134 classification for the rema1n1ng Australian spe cies of python have been proposed. These include Hoser (1982), McDowell (1975), and Stull (1935). The schemes range from the placing of all species in the genus Python shared with other non Austra lian species, to placing the species in question in up to seven genera. Namely Bot"h:PochiZus3 Chon dropython3 Liasis3 LisaZia3 Liasis3 MoreZia3 and Python. The assignment of given species within a particular genus is also a matter of conflict. -
Koolan Island Quoll Demographics & Genetics
Running head: Conservation status of the Olive Python Final report GENETIC SURVEY OF THE PILBARA OLIVE PYTHON (Liasis olivaceaus barroni) David Pearson1, Peter Spencer2 Mia Hillyer2 and Ric A. How3 1Science Division, Department of Parks and Wildlife PO Box 51, Wannerooo, WA 6946 2School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150 3Department of Terrestrial Zoology (Vertebrates), Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew St, Welshpool, WA 6986 September, 2013 Olive python – final report 1 Running head: Conservation status of the Olive Python Summary • The study used genetic information to investigate differences between and within populations of olive pythons in the Pilbara. This information was compared with genetic profiles from olive pythons form the Kimberley and carpet pythons. • Genetic variation was examined at eight nuclear genes (microsatellite) from 47 individual olive pythons. • Genetic analyses of nuclear markers show that the Pilbara olive python contains low levels of diversity, compared with its Kimberley counterpart. • The Pilbara population also had a low effective population size, but showed no signatures of a genetic bottleneck as a result of a population crash. • Nuclear DNA markers identified two distinct olive python populations. One in the Pilbara and the other in the Kimberley. • Mitochondrial analysis at three diagnostic regions showed two distinct clades representing Pilbara and Kimberley olive pythons, exclusively, consistent with results from nuclear markers. • Overall olive pythons appear to have two Evolutionary Significant Units. The Pilbara unit appear to be less genetically diverse than Kimberley one and shows little phylogeographic structure within the Pilbara. • There is sufficient evidence from the data that the taxonomy of the two groups should be subject to a re-appraisal, the Kimberley and Pilbara Olive pythons sufficiently different to be considered as different species. -
Hygiene Protocol for the Control of Disease in Captive Snakes © NSW Department of Environment and Conservation, 2004
hygiene protocol for the control of disease in captive snakes © NSW Department of Environment and Conservation, 2004. This work is protected by copyright. No part of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission of DEC, except where permitted under the Copyright Act 1968. NSW Department of Environment and Conservation 43 Bridge Street PO Box 1967 Hurstville NSW 2220 Tel: 02 95856444 www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au This document should be cited as: NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (2004). Hygiene protocol for the control of disease in captive snakes. NSW Department of Environment and Conservation, Hurstville. Graphic design and illustration: Judith Denby, Site Specific Pty Ltd ISBN 1741221404 Acknowledgments Rebecca Larkin, Project Officer, Biodiversity Management Unit, Department of Environment and Conservation compiled the document. The following people have provided their expert opinions and much appreciated comments during the writing of this document; Andrew Breed, Chris Bunn, Peter Harlow, Ron Haering, Peter Holz, Frances Hulst, Peter Johnson, Robert Johnson, Jill Millan, Karrie Rose, Tony Ross, John Weigel, Graham Wilson and Rupert Woods. hygiene protocol for the control of disease in captive snakes 1. Introduction 1 1.1 What this document is about 1 1.2 Who should read this document? 1 2. What are exotic diseases in snakes? 2 3. Personal hygiene 3 4. Captive snake hygiene 4 4.1 General 4 4.2 Cleaning and disinfection 5 4.3 Quarantine 6 5. Dealing with sick or dead snakes 8 6. Prohibited release of snakes into the wild 9 7. Glossary 10 8. References 12 Appendix 1: NSW legislation for keeping reptiles 14 Appendix 2: Inclusion Body Disease and Ophidian Paramyxovirus 16 Appendix 3: Signs of disease shown by snakes 18 Appendix 4: Information for veterinarians 19 Appendix 5: Reptile keeper (herpetology) societies in NSW 21 1 introduction Australia has traditionally been free of many of the serious livestock and human diseases that affect other countries. -
Investigations Into the Presence of Nidoviruses in Pythons Silvia Blahak1, Maria Jenckel2,3, Dirk Höper2, Martin Beer2, Bernd Hoffmann2 and Kore Schlottau2*
Blahak et al. Virology Journal (2020) 17:6 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-020-1279-5 RESEARCH Open Access Investigations into the presence of nidoviruses in pythons Silvia Blahak1, Maria Jenckel2,3, Dirk Höper2, Martin Beer2, Bernd Hoffmann2 and Kore Schlottau2* Abstract Background: Pneumonia and stomatitis represent severe and often fatal diseases in different captive snakes. Apart from bacterial infections, paramyxo-, adeno-, reo- and arenaviruses cause these diseases. In 2014, new viruses emerged as the cause of pneumonia in pythons. In a few publications, nidoviruses have been reported in association with pneumonia in ball pythons and a tiger python. The viruses were found using new sequencing methods from the organ tissue of dead animals. Methods: Severe pneumonia and stomatitis resulted in a high mortality rate in a captive breeding collection of green tree pythons. Unbiased deep sequencing lead to the detection of nidoviral sequences. A developed RT-qPCR was used to confirm the metagenome results and to determine the importance of this virus. A total of 1554 different boid snakes, including animals suffering from respiratory diseases as well as healthy controls, were screened for nidoviruses. Furthermore, in addition to two full-length sequences, partial sequences were generated from different snake species. Results: The assembled full-length snake nidovirus genomes share only an overall genome sequence identity of less than 66.9% to other published snake nidoviruses and new partial sequences vary between 99.89 and 79.4%. Highest viral loads were detected in lung samples. The snake nidovirus was not only present in diseased animals, but also in snakes showing no typical clinical signs. -
Carpet Python Morelia Spilota (Lacépède, 1804) Including Undisturbed Remnant Bushland Near Perth and the Darling Size Ranges, Yanchep National Park, and Garden Island
Carpet Python Morelia spilota (Lacépède, 1804) including undisturbed remnant bushland near Perth and the Darling Size Ranges, Yanchep National Park, and Garden Island. Populations also occur on St Francis Island (South Australia), and islands of the Averages 2.0 m total length, though individuals have been reported Archipelago of the Recherche (Western Australia). to 4.0 m in length. Morelia spilota variegata Weight Distributed across South Australia, Victoria, inland NSW, Morelia spilota imbricata Queensland, Northern Territory, and the Kimberley region of Western Australia. Males For further information regarding the distribution of this species Up to 1.1 kg please refer to www.naturemap.dec.wa.gov.au Females Up to 4.5 kg Habitat Subspecies Photo: Babs & Bert Wells/DEC Morelia spilota variegata Occurs in mesic (areas with moderate amounts of moisture) to semi- Three subspecies are currently recognised: arid habitats, from the Kimberley region to northern Victoria. • Morelia spilota imbricata (southern Western Australia and eastern South Australia) Morelia spilota imbricata • Morelia spilota spilota (eastern NSW and lowland New Guinea) This subspecies has been recorded in semi-arid coastal and inland habitats consisting of Banksia woodland, eucalypt woodlands, and • Morelia spilota variegata (remainder of range including northern grasslands. Western Australia) Behaviour Description In the summer months, the Carpet Python is active either at night, or Colour patterns vary across their geographic range. In Western at dawn and dusk. In cooler months it may be active during the Australia, the colour varies from pale to dark brown, with blackish daytime and occasionally has been seen to bask in the sun on cool blotches or variegations, which may form cross bands. -
MAHS Care Sheet Master List *By Eric Roscoe Care Sheets Are Often An
MAHS Care Sheet Master List *By Eric Roscoe Care sheets are often an excellent starting point for learning more about the biology and husbandry of a given species, including their housing/enclosure requirements, temperament and handling, diet , and other aspects of care. MAHS itself has created many such care sheets for a wide range of reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates we believe to have straightforward care requirements, and thus make suitable family and beginner’s to intermediate level pets. Some species with much more complex, difficult to meet, or impracticable care requirements than what can be adequately explained in a one page care sheet may be multiple pages. We can also provide additional links, resources, and information on these species we feel are reliable and trustworthy if requested. If you would like to request a copy of a care sheet for any of the species listed below, or have a suggestion for an animal you don’t see on our list, contact us to let us know! Unfortunately, for liability reasons, MAHS is unable to create or publish care sheets for medically significant venomous species. This includes species in the families Crotilidae, Viperidae, and Elapidae, as well as the Helodermatidae (the Gila Monsters and Mexican Beaded Lizards) and some medically significant rear fanged Colubridae. Those that are serious about wishing to learn more about venomous reptile husbandry that cannot be adequately covered in one to three page care sheets should take the time to utilize all available resources by reading books and literature, consulting with, and working with an experienced and knowledgeable mentor in order to learn the ropes hands on. -
Akta Perlindungan Hidupan Liar 1972
+ WARTA KERAJAAN PERSEKUTUAN FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 28 November 2013 28 November 2013 GAZETTE P.U. (A) 345 PERATURAN-PERATURAN PEMULIHARAAN HIDUPAN LIAR (FI LESEN, PERMIT DAN PERMIT KHAS) (PINDAAN) 2013 WILDLIFE CONSERVATION (LICENCE, PERMIT AND SPECIAL PERMIT FEES) (AMENDMENT) REGULATIONS 2013 DISIARKAN OLEH/ PUBLISHED BY JABATAN PEGUAM NEGARA/ ATTORNEY GENERAL’S CHAMBERS P.U. (A) 345 AKTA PEMULIHARAAN HIDUPAN LIAR 2010 PERATURAN-PERATURAN PEMULIHARAAN HIDUPAN LIAR (FI LESEN, PERMIT DAN PERMIT KHAS) (PINDAAN) 2013 PADA menjalankan kuasa yang diberikan oleh perenggan 132(2)(g) Akta Pemuliharaan Hidupan Liar 2010 [Akta 716], Menteri membuat peraturan-peraturan yang berikut: Nama dan permulaan kuat kuasa 1. (1) Peraturan-peraturan ini bolehlah dinamakan Peraturan-Peraturan Pemuliharaan Hidupan Liar (Fi Lesen, Permit dan Permit Khas) (Pindaan) 2013. (2) Peraturan-Peraturan ini mula berkuat kuasa pada 29 November 2013. Penggantian Jadual Pertama, Kedua dan Ketiga 2. Peraturan-Peraturan Pemuliharaan Hidupan Liar (Fi Lesen, Permit dan Permit Khas) 2013 [P.U. (A) 64/2013] dipinda dengan menggantikan Jadual Pertama, Jadual Kedua dan Jadual Ketiga dengan Jadual-Jadual yang berikut: “JADUAL PERTAMA [Subperaturan 2(1)] FI LESEN A. MEMBURU HIDUPAN LIAR YANG DILINDUNGI DENGAN CARA MENEMBAK (1) (2) Famili Nama Tempatan Spesies Fi Cervidae Rusa Sambar Rusa unicolor RM200 seekor Kijang Muntiacus muntjak RM100 seekor Tragulidae Pelanduk Tragulus javanicus RM50 seekor Suidae Babi Hutan Sus scrofa RM20 satu lesen/ sebulan RM50 satu lesen/ tiga bulan RM100 satu -
LIASIS OLWACEUS PAPUANUS, a VERY RARE Pyfhon from NEW GUINEA
130 I Litteratura Serpentium, 1994, Vol. 14, Nr. 5 LIASIS OLWACEUS PAPUANUS, A VERY RARE PYfHON FROM NEW GUINEA By: J. Mavromichalis and S. Bloem, Lage Heesweg 68, 5741 BN Beek en Donk, Holland. Translation by Jan-Cor Jacobs; English corrections by Mark Wootten. Contents: Description - Identification table - Snakes in vivarium - Conclusion - Request - Table - Literature. * * * DESCRIPTION Liasis olivaceus papuanus or olive python is a rather unknown ( certainly in the literature) python species from New-Guinea. She is a subspecies of Liasis olivaceus and the main difference between both subspecies is that the head of Liasis olivaceus papuanus is short and thick-set and changes gradually into the neck while the head of Liasis olivaceus olivaceus is clearly separated from the neck. 0 Distribution area of Liasis olivaceus papuanus. The snakes are olive green to gold brown with a remarkabie shining iridescence. This splendour of colours is one of the reasons why we keep this snake in captivity. Characte ristic are the light to dark grey tones of the under parts of head and neck. The average length of this snake is 2,5 meters, but larger animals have been found often in New Guinea. Some herpetologists give a maximum length of 4 meters. And according to McDowell this Liasis species might even outmatch Liasis amethystinus - which is commonly considered to be the largest Liasis of New Guinea - both in length as in width. Liasis amethystinus is much more slender. Liasis olivaceus papuanus, a very rare python from New Guinea/ 131 Another important characteristic of this python, as we have observed, is its cannibalism, so it is wise to pay attention when feeding the snakes. -
Diamond Python Morelia Spilota Spilota
Action Statement FloraFlora and and Fauna Fauna Guarantee Guarantee Act Act 1988 1988 No. No. ### 104 Diamond Python Morelia spilota spilota Description and Distribution The Diamond Python Morelia spilota spilota (Lacépède 1804) is a colourful and distinctive python distributed along the eastern coast of Australia from East Gippsland north to near Coffs Harbour in NSW. One of only two pythons occurring in Victoria (the other is the closely related Carpet Python Morelia spilota variegata), it has the most southerly distribution of all Australian pythons and, in East Gippsland, occurs at the highest latitudes of any python in the world (Slip & Shine 1988d). Average adult length is about 2m, with a maximum of 4m. Diamond Python Morelia spilota spilota Typical colouration above is a glossy olive-black, (photograph by Ian McCann) with cream or yellow spots on most scales, with some of these spots occurring as groups, sometimes in a diamond shape, giving a patterned effect. The lower body is cream or yellow, patterned with dark grey. The lips are cream, barred with black (Cogger 1996). Hatchlings and juveniles are mottled brown, and appear very similar to young Carpet Pythons, changing to adult colouration in the first few years of life (Shine 1991). The Diamond Python is restricted in Victoria to far East Gippsland (Coventry & Robertson 1991), with few confirmed records, most from within the area bounded by the Cann River, the Princes Highway and the coast. In NSW, the python occurs only east of the Great Dividing Range, but it is not entirely coastal, extending inland along some of the larger Distribution in Victoria river systems north of Sydney. -
Approved Conservation Advice for Liasis Olivaceus Barroni (Olive Python – Pilbara Subspecies)
This Conservation Advice was approved by the Minister / Delegate of the Minister on: 3/7/2008 Approved Conservation Advice (s266B of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999) Approved Conservation Advice for Liasis olivaceus barroni (Olive Python – Pilbara subspecies) This Conservation Advice has been developed based on the best available information at the time this conservation advice was approved. Description Liasis olivaceus barroni, Family Boidae, also known as the Olive Python (Pilbara subspecies), is a dull olive-brown/pale fawn python growing to 2.5 m. This subspecies has a white/cream belly, pale lips finely dotted with pale grey or brown, pitted anterial scales bordering the lips and smooth scales in 55–80 rows at mid-body (Cogger, 2000). This subspecies differs from Liasis olivaceus olivaceus in mid-body and ventral scale counts. Conservation Status The Olive Python (Pilbara subspecies) is listed as vulnerable. This species is eligible for listing as vulnerable under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth) (EPBC Act) as, prior to the commencement of the EPBC Act, it was listed as vulnerable (under the name Morelia olivaceus barroni) under Schedule 1 of the Endangered Species Protection Act 1992 (Cwlth). This subspecies is also listed as threatened under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 (Western Australia). Distribution and Habitat The Olive Python (Pilbara subspecies) is known only from ranges within the Pilbara region, north-western Western Australia, such as the Hamersley Range and islands of the Dampier Archipelago. It is known to occur at 21 locations within the Pilbara including populations at Pannawonica, Millstream, Tom Price and Burrup Peninsula (Pearson, 1993; Pearson, 2006). -
Answer Key Reptiles Include Turtles, Lizards, Snakes, Crocodiles, and All of Their Relatives
Reptiles Scavenger Hunt Museum-Wide Teacher Answer Key Reptiles include turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodiles, and all of their relatives. ................................................ Name There are over 9,000 different kinds of reptiles with amazing adaptations that help them find food and protect themselves from becoming a meal! ................................................ Date Starting your search in the Rainforest if it’s open, keep an eye out for: Geckos in the Rainforest Keep a tally of each gecko species that you find: .................................................................. © Ron DeCloux » How can you tell they are different species? Different species may have different body shapes, coloration, adaptations, etc. » Can you guess where they spend most of their time? Hint: Observe the patterns and colors of the geckos’ skin. Masters of camouflage Some geckos blend into their Green coloration - leaves, brown coloration - tree trunks surroundings to hide from their predators or prey! Chameleons in the Rainforest Chameleons have incredible and unique adaptations that make them well-suited for life in the trees, where they hunt and find shelter. If the Rainforest is closed, head to African Hall to find some of these lizards! © Ron DeCloux » What are two adaptations that help chameleons find and eat small insects? Feeding: long, sticky tongue, eyes that can move independently » What are two adaptations that make chameleons great tree climbers? Did you know? Hint: Look closely at their eyes, tail and feet! Chameleons can change color based on factors such as Climbing: prehensile tail, specialized clawed feet temperature or their mood! Green Anaconda in the Amazon Flooded Rainforest Check out the heaviest type of snake in the world, the green anaconda! This snake can grow to be 9 meters (29.5 feet) long, and weighs over 227 kilograms JessiCATmarie © (550 pounds)! Believe it or not, the green anaconda is a good swimmer.