Archives & Records in Armed Conflict
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The Future of Archival History
Provenance, Journal of the Society of Georgia Archivists Volume 13 | Number 1 Article 2 January 1995 The uturF e of Archival History James O'Toole University of Massachusetts-Boston Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/provenance Part of the Archival Science Commons Recommended Citation O'Toole, James, "The uturF e of Archival History," Provenance, Journal of the Society of Georgia Archivists 13 no. 1 (1995) . Available at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/provenance/vol13/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Provenance, Journal of the Society of Georgia Archivists by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Future of Archival History James O"Toole More than a dozen years ago, the archival educator and writer Richard Cox outlined the development of American archival history and offered some suggestions for the work that still needed to be done in that field .1 Drawing on a range of publications, from the obscure to the well-known , he surveyed a century of writing in this country on the history of the archives profession, its people, and its institutions, as that history had appeared in monographs and in scholarly journals of state, regional, and national circulation. For all the output, however, Cox concluded that the coverage was uneven in terms of quantity and quality, a "truly lamentable" situation that left us as archivists with virtually everything yet to be known about the history and meaning of what we do. -
German Jews in the United States: a Guide to Archival Collections
GERMAN HISTORICAL INSTITUTE,WASHINGTON,DC REFERENCE GUIDE 24 GERMAN JEWS IN THE UNITED STATES: AGUIDE TO ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS Contents INTRODUCTION &ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1 ABOUT THE EDITOR 6 ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS (arranged alphabetically by state and then city) ALABAMA Montgomery 1. Alabama Department of Archives and History ................................ 7 ARIZONA Phoenix 2. Arizona Jewish Historical Society ........................................................ 8 ARKANSAS Little Rock 3. Arkansas History Commission and State Archives .......................... 9 CALIFORNIA Berkeley 4. University of California, Berkeley: Bancroft Library, Archives .................................................................................................. 10 5. Judah L. Mages Museum: Western Jewish History Center ........... 14 Beverly Hills 6. Acad. of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences: Margaret Herrick Library, Special Coll. ............................................................................ 16 Davis 7. University of California at Davis: Shields Library, Special Collections and Archives ..................................................................... 16 Long Beach 8. California State Library, Long Beach: Special Collections ............. 17 Los Angeles 9. John F. Kennedy Memorial Library: Special Collections ...............18 10. UCLA Film and Television Archive .................................................. 18 11. USC: Doheny Memorial Library, Lion Feuchtwanger Archive ................................................................................................... -
Issues on Ernst Posner Papers in NARA, from the Viewpoint of a Japanese Archivist
Issues on Ernst Posner Papers in NARA, from the Viewpoint of a Japanese Archivist YAYOI TSUTSUI Abstract: For the 10th Research Forum, I would like to discuss issues regarding the Ernst Posner Papers in the National Archives and Records Administration at College Park, Maryland, which I consulted for one day in 2014. My first question is why the National Archives holds such personal papers. I compared the personal records in the National Archives against the acquisition policy and the holdings of National Archives of Japan. As I learned Posner's brief biography, I felt the power of his archival materials in the reading room. In the first box, there is a list written by him. I noticed the difference between his list and the physical order. We can learn how the archivist arranged his own archival materials. For me, he is the author of Archives in the Ancient World; and I found the records of publication, drafts, and a lot of “cards” representing his source of knowledge. I also found the record of his service to the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in Europe (Robert Commissions) and the survey of the archives in Japan during and just after WWII. Because Japanese archivists seek the influence of General Head Quarter’s archival management policy as well as archival history, these records are significant. Ernst Posner was an educator of Archival Science as well as an important member of the Society of American Archivists. His papers speak to the friendship among archivists, the vivid history of SAA, and the activities of International Council on Archives (ICA). -
A Wave of Progressives Shows Israel Criticism Isn't Taboo Anymore
Jewish Federation of NEPA Non-profit Organization 601 Jefferson Ave. U.S. POSTAGE PAID The Scranton, PA 18510 Permit # 184 Watertown, NY Change Service Requested Published by the Jewish Federation of Northeastern Pennsylvania VOLUME XI, NUMBER 14 JULY 26, 2018 A wave of progressives shows Israel criticism isn’t taboo anymore an “intersectional feminist” table criticism, the general trends it notes ANALYSIS and Israel an apartheid have been shown elsewhere. regime. In Virginia’s 5th Some credit Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-VT) BY CHARLES DUNST Congressional District, with normalizing such criticism of Israel. NEW YORK (JTA) – After Alexan- Democratic nominee Leslie While the 2016 Democratic presidential dria Ocasio-Cortez shocked the political Cockburn is the co-author, candidate defined himself as “100 percent world by defeating longtime New York along with her husband, of pro-Israel,” he recently called on the U.S. Rep. Joseph Crowley in a Democratic “Dangerous Liaison: The to adopt a more balanced policy toward primary in June, Democratic National Inside Story of the U.S.-Is- Israel and the Palestinians. In late March, Committee Chairman Tom Perez quickly raeli Covert Relationship,” Sanders’ office posted three videos to Ilhan Omar at the premiere aligned himself with the former political a scathing 1991 attack on social media criticizing Israel for what outsider, saying on a radio show that “she the Jewish state. of “Time For Ilhan,” a film he deemed its excessive use of force in Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez about her congressional represents the future of our party.” “It seems to me that some appeared on “Meet the Gaza and the Trump administration for If so, that future appears to include criticism of Israel is part of a seat run, during the 2018 not intervening during the border clashes. -
The Lawyers' Committee for Cultural Heritage Preservation 9 Annual
The Lawyers' Committee for Cultural Heritage Preservation 9th Annual Conference Friday, April 13, 2018 8:00am-6:30pm Georgetown University Law Center McDonough Hall, Hart Auditorium 600 New Jersey Ave NW, Washington, DC 20001 TABLE OF CONTENTS: Panel 1: Claiming and Disclaiming Ownership: Russian, Ukrainian, both or neither? Panel 2: Whose Property? National Claims versus the Rights of Religious and Ethnic Minorities in the Middle East Panel 3: Protecting Native American Cultural Heritage Panel 4: Best Practices in Acquiring and Collecting Cultural Property Speaker Biographies CLE MATERIALS FOR PANEL 1 Laws/ Regulations Washington Conference Principles on Nazi-confiscated Art (1998) https://www.state.gov/p/eur/rt/hlcst/270431.htm Articles/ Book Chapters/ White Papers Quentin Byrne-Sutton, Arbitration and Mediation in Art-Related Disputes, ARBITRATION INT’L 447 (1998). F. Shyllon, ‘The Rise of Negotiation (ADR) in Restitution, Return and Repatriation of Cultural Property: Moral Pressure and Power Pressure’ (2017) XXII Art Antiquity and Law pp. 130-142. Bandle, Anne Laure, and Theurich, Sarah. “Alternative Dispute Resolution and Art-Law – A New Research Project of the Geneva Art-Law Centre.” Journal of International Commercial Law and Technology, Vol. 6, No. 1 (2011): 28 – 41 http://www.jiclt.com/index.php/jiclt/article/view/124/122 E. Campfens “Whose cultural heritage? Crimean treasures at the crossroads of politics, law and ethics”, AAL, Vol. XXII, issue 3, (Oct. 2017) http://www.iuscommune.eu/html/activities/2017/2017-11-23/workshop_3_Campfens.pdf Anne Laure Bandle, Raphael Contel, Marc-André Renold, “Case Ancient Manuscripts and Globe – Saint-Gall and Zurich,” Platform ArThemis (http://unige.ch/art-adr), Art-Law Centre, University of Geneva. -
Lisa Cant Final Draft of Senior Thesis Professor Senocak 04/12/2012
Lisa Cant Final Draft of Senior Thesis Professor Senocak C4997 04/12/2012 How the Preservation of Archives During WWII Led to a Radical Reformation of Strategic Intelligence Efforts Captured documents invariably furnish important and reliable information concerning the enemy which makes it possible to draw conclusions as to his organization, strength, and intentions and which may facilitate our war effort materially. -Captured German Order of the Day, as quoted in MIRS History.1 In 1943, in the midst of World War Two, the Allies established what was perhaps the most unusual and unexpected army unit of the war: the Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives army unit (MFA&A), created not so much to further the war effort but specifically to address the fate of culturally significant objects. The unit notably placed archivists and art specialists within advancing American and British army units.2 Drawn from existing army divisions these volunteers had as their mission the safeguarding of works of art, monumental buildings, and— more significantly for this study—archives, for the preserved archives ultimately produced intelligence that was valuable both to the ongoing war effort and for the post-war administration of Allied occupied Germany. In order to achieve their mission effectively, the embedded archivists had to be on the front lines, as this was where the most damage could be expected to happen. This was also incidentally where the freshest information could be found. This paper will focus on the archives, what they produced, and what happened to them once they were captured. Although the MFA&A division was initially created to find looted objects and protect culturally relevant material including archives, the Military Intelligence Research Section (MIRS), a joint British and American program, recognized the possible intelligence benefits that 1 AGAR-S doc. -
The College Archive: a Study in Administration
This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 6 8-1 5 ,308 CORNELL, George Wade, 1920- THE COLLEGE ARCHIVE: A STUDY IN ADMINISTRA TION, The Ohio State University, Ph.D„ 1968 Education, administration University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan Copyright by George Wade Cornell 1968 THE COLLEGE ARCHIVE: A STUDY IN ADMINISTRATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of* the Ohio State University By George Wade Cornell, B.S. in Ed., M.S.L.S. The Ohio State University 1968 Approved Adviser College of Education ACKNOWLEDGMENTS For whatever merit this paper may possess, I am indebted largely to three groups of persons: first, to my advisers, the late Professor Earl W. Anderson, and Professors Lewis C. Branscomb, Everett J. Kircher, and Robert B. Sutton, of the Ohio State Univer sity; secondly, to my colleagues at Antioch College for innumerable acts of assistance and encouragement; and, thirdly, to my family, and particularly to my wife, Barbara* The measure of my special indebtedness to Dr. Lewis C. Branscomb is unimaginable to anyone who has not followed the develop ment of this paper. He provided sustained support by reading and criticizing each chapter as it was written; and equally important, from my viewpoint, he counseled perseverance when at times my personal inclination was to discontinue the effort. In addition, I am indebted to other individuals and organiza tions for permission to quote from copyrighted publications, including the following: Mr. Kenneth Munden, Editor of the American Archivist, for the use of passages from the following articles appearing in that journal: Henry J. -
1 Is the United States Returning Stolen Cultural
Is the United States Returning Stolen Cultural Property to the Countries that Committed the Theft in the First Place? Treatment of the Iraqi Jewish Archive and Other Property Under U.S. Statutes and Memoranda of Understanding with Algeria, Syria, Egypt and Libya and proposed with Yemen By: Carole Basri as of October 15, 2019 (based on my article written in the American Bar Association Section of International Law, Fall 2018, Art & Cultural Heritage Law Newsletter) In May 2003, over 2700 Jewish books and tens of thousands of documents, records, and religious artifacts were discovered by a U.S. Army team in the flooded basement of the Iraqi intelligence headquarters. The written records provide a better understanding of the 2700 year- old Iraqi Jewish community. The Jewish Iraqi Archive was brought to the U.S. to be preserved, cataloged, and digitized, and has been exhibited in various cities for several years. Based on an agreement signed on August 19, 2003 between the Coalition Provisional Authority and the National Archives and Records Administration,1 and extended by the U.S. Government in an Executive Order by President Obama, the Iraqi Jewish Archive was to have been returned to Iraq after September 2018. Then on a parallel track, but unbeknownst to the Iraqi Jewish community, Congress amended the Emergency Protection for Iraqi Cultural Antiquities Act of 2004 in 2008 to include import restrictions on Jewish artifacts. These import restrictions included Torahs and other Jewish artifacts made on or before 1990.2 After this, the U.S. State Department put together separate Memoranda of Understanding regarding Jewish religious and cultural artifacts from Algeria, Syria, Egypt and Libya. -
(1892, Berlin, Germany – 1980, Germany) Father: Carl Posner Nationality: German , U
POSNER, ERNST (1892, BERLIN, GERMANY – 1980, GERMANY) FATHER: CARL POSNER NATIONALITY: GERMAN , U. S. CITIZEN COUNTRY OF RESIDENCE: GERMANY AND THE U.S. EDUCATION University of Berlin: Ph.D. in philosophy, history and languages, Berlin, Germany, 1920 AREAS OF ARCHIVAL SPECIALIZATION History of archives; archival education; records management; international archives. ACHIEVEMENTS IN ARCHIVAL FIELD At American University, Washington D.C., Posner helped establish one of the first educational programs for archival training in the United States. He was also instrumental in efforts to capture and preserve archival records and cultural treasures in Axis-occupied territories during and after World War II. Over the course of his career, Posner published seminal works on archival science and history. CAREER HISTORY Prussian State Archives, 1920 - 1935 Editor, Acta Borussica, 1923 - 1935 Lecturer, Institute for Archival Science and Advanced Historical Studies, 1930 - 1935 Lecturer, Assistant Professor and then Professor of History and Archives Administration, Chairman of the History Department, Dean of the Graduate School, Director of the School of Social Sciences and Public Affairs, American University, Washington, D. C., 1939 - 1961 HISTORICAL BIOGRAPHY Ernst Posner was born in Prussia in 1892 and raised in a Lutheran family with Jewish-Christian ancestry. He joined the German infantry during World War I. Posner was wounded in Poland and fought on both Russian and French fronts, eventually achieving the rank of lieutenant before leaving the army in 1918. He worked in the Prussian state archives for fifteen years before he was forced to resign in 1935, after the Nazi takeover and passage of the Nuremberg laws classifying and discriminating against Jewish citizens of Germany. -
Counterpoint
Counterpoint The Archivist's Two-way Stretch* Several years ago, President Ali Soilih of the Comoro Islands, after seizing power in the former French territories, fired most of the civil servants, had all the government records hauled into the town square of the capital, and there burned them. He then declared a "new start".' Soilih was acting as a "records manager" and was exercising the function of records disposal. It is all very well to smile at Soilih's precipitous action, but it differs only in its comprehensiveness and visibility from what records managers do every day. What is the purpose of a records manager? From the historian's point of view, it should be, to quote Renee Doehaerd: "satisfying the curiosity of the historians of the future".' From the government administrator's point of view, it should be responsiveness to the administrative requirements of economy and efficiency. Although the archival profession was created, led, and nurtured by historians, historians are now, as the Council of the American Historical Association stated in its Resolution concerning the status of the National Archives, 27 December 1966, "greatly outnumbered by those trained in the new techniques of records managementfl.%re the qualifications of a records manager identical with those of an archivist trained in the traditional historical mold? Not really. Ernst Posner's 1957 presidential address to the Society of American Archivists (SAA), in analyzing the results of the Society's ques- tionnaire to its members, noted but a single doctorate among the one hundred and twelve records administrator^.^ Archivists have grappled with the problem of the conflicting values of traditional archivists and the new breed of records managers in various ways, but almost invariably have attempted to ignore or paper-over real differences in favor of an assumed unity of purpose and outlook. -
Elena S. Danielson Archivist Emerita, Consultant
Elena S. Danielson Archivist Emerita, Consultant 1712 Harte Drive San Jose, California 95124 +1 408.265.7585 [email protected] Elena S. Danielson, PhD, worked for 27 years in the Hoover Archives at Stanford University, serving as head of the archives for the last ten of those years. She began writing about the ethical dilemmas of archival practice in 1985. Topics of interest include access, privacy, restitution, and authenticity. In 2005 she won the Posner prize for an article in the American Archivist about access to East German political police files. Employment HOOVER INSTITUTION LIBRARY AND ARCHIVES Stanford University, California Archivist emerita, Stanford University 9/3/2005 - present Associate Director, Hoover Institution 1/1/2002 - 9/2/2005 Director of the Hoover Library and Archives 1/1/2002 - 9/2/2005 Head of Hoover Library and Archives 9/1/2001 - 1/1/2002 Archivist 1997 - 2005 Archivist (Acting) 1996 - 1997 Associate Archivist (collection development, bibliographic instruction, 1988 - 1996 exhibit programs) Assistant Archivist (reference services and outreach) 1981 - 1988 Archival Specialist (technical processing) 1978 – 1981 Education M.L.S. School of Library Science, U. C. Berkeley 1979 Ph.D. German Studies, Stanford University 1975 A.M. German Studies, Stanford University 1970 A.B. German major, Slavic and History minors, U. C. Berkeley 1969 with Great Distinction Honors Diploma de Excelenta, Fundatia Europeana Titulescu, Romania 2006 Silver Medal for Human Rights of the Russian Federation, Moscow 2005 joint award for editors of The History of Stalin’s Gulag Ernst Posner Prize, Society of American Archivists 2005 Order of Merit from President of Romania, Bucharest 2004 IREX Travel Grant, Cheliabinsk, Russia 2003 Laurel Award of Polish Prime Minister, Warsaw 2001 NEH grant $287,440, with Charles Palm, Hoover Institution 1999 - 2001 Fulbright Fellowship, Goettingen & Munich, Germany 1976 Whiting Fellowship, Sankt Gallen, Switzerland 1973 Teaching Fellowship, Stanford University 1969 - 1972 Woodrow Wilson Fellowship, U. -
Table of Contents
Table of Contents From the Editors 3 From the President 3 From the Executive Director 4 The Iraq & Iran Issue Iran and Iraq: Demography beyond the Jewish Past 6 Sergio DellaPergola AJS, Ahmadinejad, and Me 8 Richard Kalmin Baghdad in the West: Migration and the Making of Medieval Jewish Traditions 11 Marina Rustow Jews of Iran and Rabbinical Literature: Preliminary Notes 14 Daniel Tsadik Iraqi Arab-Jewish Identities: First Body Singular 18 Orit Bashkin A Republic of Letters without a Republic? 24 Lital Levy A Fruit That Asks Questions: Michael Rakowitz’s Shipment of Iraqi Dates 28 Jenny Gheith On Becoming Persian: Illuminating the Iranian-Jewish Community 30 Photographs by Shelley Gazin, with commentary by Nasrin Rahimieh JAPS: Jewish American Persian Women and Their Hybrid Identity in America 34 Saba Tova Soomekh Engagement, Diplomacy, and Iran’s Nuclear Program 42 Brandon Friedman Online Resources for Talmud Research, Study, and Teaching 46 Heidi Lerner The Latest Limmud UK 2009 52 Caryn Aviv A Serious Man 53 Jason Kalman The Questionnaire What development in Jewish studies over the last twenty years has most excited you? 55 AJS Perspectives: The Magazine of the President Please direct correspondence to: Association for Jewish Studies Marsha Rozenblit Association for Jewish Studies University of Maryland Center for Jewish History Editors 15 West 16th Street Matti Bunzl Vice President/Publications New York, NY 10011 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Jeffrey Shandler Rachel Havrelock Rutgers University Voice: (917) 606-8249 University of Illinois at Chicago Fax: (917) 606-8222 Vice President/Program E-Mail: [email protected] Derek Penslar Web Site: www.ajsnet.org Editorial Board Allan Arkush University of Toronto Binghamton University AJS Perspectives is published bi-annually Vice President/Membership by the Association for Jewish Studies.