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Chemistry Problem Solving Drill Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 08: The Appendicular Skeleton and the Articulations Question No. 1 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as needed, (3) Pick the answer, and (4) Review the core concept tutorial as needed. Which of the following statements about the appendicular system is correct? A. The appendicular system is one of three major divisions of the human skeletal system. B. The hip bones and the coccyx are part of the appendicular skeleton. C. The bones of the wrist are not part of the appendicular skeleton. D. The appendicular skeleton is the only division of the skeletal system that contains phalange bones. E. None of the answers are correct. Question #01 A. Incorrect! The appendicular skeleton is one of two major divisions of the human skeletal system, along with the axial skeleton. B. Incorrect! The hip bones are part of the appendicular skeleton; however, the coccyx is part of the axial skeleton. C. Incorrect! The bones of the wrist are part of the appendicular skeleton. Feedback D. Correct! The phalange bones are in the hand and foot, both of which are part of the appendicular skeleton. E. Incorrect! One of the answers is correct. The human skeletal system is divided into the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The appendicular skeleton facilitates human movements, such as walking and sitting down. The appendicular skeleton is made up of supports, known as the pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and the bones of the upper and lower extremities. Solution RapidLearningCenter.com Rapid Learning Inc. All Rights Reserved Question No. 2 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as needed, (3) Pick the answer, and (4) Review the core concept tutorial as needed. Which of the following statements about the bone labeled in the image below is correct? A Question #02 A. The bone labelled in the image is part of the upper extremity or limb. B. The bone labelled in the image has two major processes: coracoid process and the acromion. C. The clavicle is the bone labelled in the image. D. This bone is one of four bones in the pectoral girdle. E. This bone articulates with the manubrium. A. Incorrect! The bone labelled in the image is the scapula bone, which is part of the pectoral girdle. B. Correct! The scapula is labelled in the image, and it does have two major processes: coracoids process and the acromion. C. Incorrect! The bone labelled in the image is the scapula, which articulates with the clavicle bone. Feedback D. Incorrect! The scapula is one of two bones that make up the pectoral girdle. E. Incorrect! The scapula articulates with the clavicle and the head of the humerus. Solution The pectoral girdle is made up of the scapula and the clavicle. The pectoral girdle is the articulation point between the upper arm and the chest. The clavicle extends from the scapula to the manubrium portion of the sternum. The scapula, or shoulder blade, is attached to the clavicle, but it has no direct connection with the axial skeleton. The scapula is a roughly triangular, flat bone that makes up the posterior portion of the pectoral girdle. The scapula has three sides that form its triangular shape: the superior border, the medial border, and the lateral border. The glenoid cavity, or glenoid fossa, articulates with the humerus to make the shoulder joint. RapidLearningCenter.com Rapid Learning Inc. All Rights Reserved Question No. 3 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as needed, (3) Pick the answer, and (4) Review the core concept tutorial as needed. The clavicle is part of the pectoral girdle. This bone is located across the top of the ribcage and it articulates with two bones. Which of the following statements about the clavicle is correct? A. The clavicle articulates with the body of the sternum at the anterior midline of the ribcage. B. The clavicle is a long, straight bone located just under the skin. C. At the acromial end of the clavicle, there are tubercles for the attachment of ligaments and muscles. D. The clavicle articulates with the first thoracic vertebra on its anterior surface. Question #03 E. The clavicle connects the pectoral girdle to the appendicular skeleton. A. Incorrect! The clavicle articulates with the manubrium portion of the sternum. B. Incorrect! The clavicle is roughly S-shaped. C. Correct! The tubercles at the acromial end of the clavicle are attachment sites for ligaments and muscles. Feedback D. Incorrect! The clavicle articulates with the scapula and the manubrium portion of the sternum. E. Incorrect! The clavicle is part of the appendicular skeleton and it connects the pectoral girdle to the axial skeleton. The clavicle bone braces the shoulder and connects the pectoral girdle to the axial skeleton. The two clavicles support the weight of the arm, and they articulate with the acromion of the scapula. The clavicles originate at the lateral border of the manubrium portion of the sternum bone. The sternal end of the clavicle gives rise to the somewhat S-shape of the clavicle bone. The clavicle is located just under Solution the skin, and the acromial end has tubercles that are the attachment sites for ligaments and muscles. At the sternal end of the clavicle is the costal tuberosity, which is an attachment site for ligaments of the shoulder. RapidLearningCenter.com Rapid Learning Inc. All Rights Reserved Question No. 4 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as needed, (3) Pick the answer, and (4) Review the core concept tutorial as needed. Which of the following statements about the labelled portion of the humerus in the image below is correct? Question #04 A A. This portion of the bone is where the humerus articulates with the head of the radius bone. B. The trochlea is the portion of the humerus labelled in the image. C. This articulation is located at the proximal end of the humerus. D. The greater tubercle is labeled in the image. E. This portion of the humerus articulates with the scapula. A. Correct! The arrow is pointing to the capitulum of the condyle, where it articulates with the head of the radius bone. B. Incorrect! The labelled portion is the capitulum; the trochlea is the lateral portion of the condyle. C. Incorrect! The articulation is located at the distal end of the humerus. Feedback D. Incorrect! The greater tubercle is located at the proximal end, near the head of the humerus. E. Incorrect! The labelled portion of the humerus articulates with the radius bone. Solution At the distal end of the humerus is the condyle, which is divided into two regions: trochlea and the capitulum. The condyle of the humerus and the proximal portion of the ulna and the radius bones form the elbow joint. The elbow joint includes two portions: the humeroulnar joint and the humeroradial joint. The trochlea is the medial portion of the condyle that articulates with the ulna bone of the forearm. The capitulum portion of the condyle is where the humerus articulates with the head of the radius bone of the forearm. RapidLearningCenter.com Rapid Learning Inc. All Rights Reserved Question No. 5 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as needed, (3) Pick the answer, and (4) Review the core concept tutorial as needed. A 25-year-old man is injured in a car accident. The emergency physician tells the man that he had fractured the proximal region of his right ulna bone. Based on this information, which of the following is correct? A. The ulnar styloid process is close to the fracture. B. The fracture could be in the olecranon of the ulna. C. The fracture in this patient’s right arm will disrupt the distal radioulnar joint. D. The fracture will impact the articulation with the carpal bones. Question #05 E. The injury in this patient will not impact the proximal radioulnar joint because it is on the opposite end of the bone. A. Incorrect! The ulnar styloid process is at the opposite (distal) end of the bone. B. Correct! The olecranon is at the proximal end of the humerus where the fracture took place. C. Incorrect! The fracture would not disrupt the distal radioulnar joint but, instead, the proximal radioulnar joint. Feedback D. Incorrect! The fracture would impact the articulation with the humerus bone. E. Incorrect! The injury could impact the proximal radioulnar joint, as it is located at the proximal end of the bone. The ulna is the second bone of the forearm; it lies medial to the radius, on the little finger side of the forearm. At the proximal end of the ulna bone is the olecranon process. This forms the point of the elbow and is the superior and posterior portion of the proximal epiphysis. On its anterior surface, the trochlear notch interlocks with the trochlea of the humerus. The ulna bone is roughly a triangle in cross-section and, along the shaft, is a fibrous sheet, known as the antebrachial interosseus membrane. This fibrous Solution sheet connects the ulna to the radius. At the distal end of the ulna is the ulnar head with a styloid process on the posterior margin. A cartilage attached to this process isolates the ulnar head from the wrist bones. RapidLearningCenter.com Rapid Learning Inc. All Rights Reserved Question No.
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