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Crop Wild Relative and Landrace Resources As a Basis for Improved Crop Breeding Novel characterization of crop wild relative and landrace resources as a basis for improved crop breeding ISSN 1742-3694 (Online) www.pgrsecure.org Crop wild relative Issue 9 October 2013 PGR Secure – EU Seventh Framework Programme, THEME KBBE.2010.1.1-03, GA 266394 KBBE.2010.1.1-03,THEME GA SecurePGR – EU Seventh Framework Programme, Conserving plant genetic resources for use now and in the future 2 Crop wild relative Issue 9 October 2013 Contents Editorial...............................................................................................................................................................3 Systematic crop wild relative conservation planning for the Czech Republic N.G. Taylor, S. Kell, V. Holubec, M. Parra-Quijano, K. Chobot and N. Maxted.................................................... 5 Prioritization of crop wild relatives in Finland H. Fitzgerald, H. Korpelainen and M. Veteläinen............................................................................................... 10 Strategic work on crop wild relatives started in Sweden J. Weibull........................................................................................................................................................... 13 Editors: Shelagh Kell Development of a national crop wild relative conservation strategy for Cyprus Nigel Maxted J. Phillips, A. Kyratzis, C. Christoudoulou, S. Kell and N. Maxted..................................................................... 17 Boost for crop wild relative conservation in Norway Design and layout: Å. Asdal, J. Phillips and N. Maxted.................................................................................................................... 20 Shelagh Kell Hannah Fielder National Park Bashkiria as a reserve for crop wild relative conservation S. Miftakhova, T. Smekalova and L. Sultangareeva.......................................................................................... 22 Front cover: Prioritized crop wild relatives in Spain: status on the National Inventory of Plant Genetic Borago officinalis L., one of Resources for Agriculture and Food the priority crop wild relative L. De la Rosa, E. Aguiriano, C. Mallor, M.L. Rubio Teso, M. Parra Quijano, E. Torres and J.M. Iriondo............ 23 species of Spain. Cultivated forms are grown along the Are soil seed banks relevant for agriculture in our day? Ebro Valley in the northeast. A. Horovitz, S. Ezrati and Y. Anikster................................................................................................................. 27 Its basal leaf petioles are used as a vegetable. Borage Utilization of Aegilops biuncialis (goatgrass) to widen the genetic diversity of cultivated wheat is also a valuable medicinal A. Schneider, I. Molnár and M. Molnár-Láng..................................................................................................... 30 plant with a high content of gamma linolenic acid. Status of collections of Aegilops spp. in Bulgaria and opportunities for their use in breeding programmes G. Desheva, Z. Uhr, K. Uzundzhalieva and E. Valchinova.................................................................................34 Photo: Cristina Mallor, Agrifood Crops and wild species from the Apiaceae family – perspectives from the Nordic region Research and Technology S. Øivind Solberg, M. Göransson and S. Jeppson............................................................................................ 37 Centre of Aragon (CITA), Spain Collecting and preliminary evaluation of grape wild relatives in China J. Jiang, X. Fan, Y. Zhang, H. Sun, D. Cheng and C. Liu.................................................................................. 39 Diversity of crop wild relatives in the Egyptian flora W.M. Amer......................................................................................................................................................... 42 In situ conservation of rare wild perennial chickpea (Cicer montbretii Jaub. & Spach) found in Strandja mountain, Bulgaria S. Petrova and S. Angelova............................................................................................................................... 44 Correspondence address: Shelagh Kell, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK Email: [email protected] Copyright © University of Birmingham 2013. All rights reserved. The University of Birmingham edits and publishes Crop wild relative on behalf of PGR Secure, a collaborative project funded under the EU Seventh Framework Programme, THEME KBBE.2010.1.1-03, Grant Agreement no. 266394 Crop wild relative Issue 9 October 2013 ! 3 ecent advances in our under- awareness and raise additional funding standing of crop wild relative for in situ CWR conservation with com- R(CWR) diversity, as well as in plementary management of ex situ planning for their complementary con- germplasm samples. The Concept has servation, has provided a solid foun- been endorsed by the members of the dation for the development of a stra- Editorial ECPGR In Situ and On-farm Conserva- tegic approach to CWR conservation tion Network and represents the Net- based on a range of commonly work’s vision of how in situ conservation agreed and widely tested scientific concepts and techniques. of CWR diversity can be achieved in Europe, as well as form- However, achieving effective conservation and utilization of ing the basis of an action plan for the Network’s activities on CWR diversity as a means to promote food and economic CWR conservation over the next ten years. The Concept, security will require a coherent, coordinated policy at national, which can be downloaded from www.pgrsecure.org/documents regional and global levels, and the appropriate resources to /Concept.pdf, has been submitted to the ECPGR Steering fund policy implementation. Within Europe, to achieve sustain- Committee, together with its sister concept for on-farm conser- able conservation of CWR and maximize their sustainable vation of landraces in Europe, and will be offered to the EC for exploitation, the time is right to develop EU-led CWR policy consideration. and to harmonize their conservation, characterization and evaluation with existing biodiversity National CWR conservation strategies conservation and agricultural initia- are central to the concept for in situ tives, and to develop new initia- conservation of CWR diversity be- tives where necessary. cause all in situ conservation actions are necessarily implemented at na- The In Situ and On-farm Conser- tional level, recognizing that nations vation Network of the European have sovereignty over the genetic Cooperative Programme for Plant resources within their borders and the Genetic Resources (ECPGR) has corresponding responsibility to for recently produced a concept for in their conservation. This issue of Crop situ conservation of CWR to guide wild relative highlights the consider- EU and national policy develop- able progress made in CWR conser- ment which can be used as a vation strategy planning in a number blueprint to drive concerted actions of European countries, including the throughout the region and as a Monitoring a population of Crambe maritima L. on the Czech Republic (p. 5), Finland (p. 10), guide for similar action in other island of Strȧholmen, Norway (Photo: Nigel Maxted) Sweden (p. 13), Cyprus (p. 17) and regions. The Concept was devel- Norway (p. 20). Other countries that oped by the In Situ Conservation have made significant progress in- of CWR in Europe Task Force clude Spain, Italy, the UK and Bul- which was established under the garia, and discussions are underway guidance of members of the in Greece and Turkey. This progress ECPGR In Situ and On-farm Con- has been enabled through the EC- servation Network and the ECPGR funded project, PGR Secure (www.pgr Secretariat in response to a man- secure.org) which provides a Help- date provided by the ECPGR desk facility for national PGR pro- Steering Committee. The objective grammes who are embarking on CWR is to agree and adopt the Concept (and landrace) conservation strategy with a view to offering it to the planning (see www.pgrsecure.org/help European Commission (EC) for its desk), as well as one to one technical consideration when formulating assistance through in-country visits. future European policy on in situ The project has also financed work for conservation of CWR diversity. Cicer montbretii Jaub. & Spach, a close wild relative of C. four national CWR conservation This policy would substantially aid arietinum L. which is under threat in its native locality in strategies case studies, as well as Strandja Mountain, southeastern Bulgaria (see p. 44). and secure the implementation of (Photo: Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Sadovo, travel and subsistence costs for in- the wider EU strategy for the con- Bulgaria) country technical meetings and re- servation of genetic resources in search support. This initiative has food, agriculture and forestry in raised awareness of the need for CWR Europe, and help underpin the diversification of EU agriculture conservation and we are pleased to report has stimulated sev- required in the renewed Common Agricultural Policy. eral national governments to invest additional resources in CWR conservation and use. The Concept includes: a vision of how a CWR conservation strategy for Europe would integrate national and regional (pan- The perceived value and impact of an integrated CWR conser- European) priorities and actions;
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