Ecological Planning Strategies for Urban Parks Based on Biodiversity Conservation and Promotion: a Case Study of Qingxiushan Forest Park in Nanning City
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E3S Web of Conferences 293, 01011 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129301011 GCEECE 2021 Ecological planning strategies for urban parks based on biodiversity conservation and promotion: a case study of Qingxiushan Forest Park in Nanning City Shuang Ming 1,*, Qin Du 1 1School of Tourism and Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology, 541006 Guilin, Guangxi, China Abstract. Urban biodiversity plays an important role in maintaining urban ecosystem, beautifying urban environment, improving economic benefits and human well-being, and urban park, as an important habitat of urban biology, is an important part of urban biodiversity. Taking Qingxiu Mountain Park in Nanning City as an example, this paper analyzes the main problems and challenges of biodiversity conservation and promotion, and puts forward a scientific reference basis for the promotion and protection of biodiversity in Qingxiu Mountain Park in Nanning City. Belgium, they proposed a set of index framework suitable 1 Introduction for park biodiversity assessment in China[3]. Wang Min et al. proposed a framework for biodiversity design of urban parks based on the classification system of habitat units 1.1 The concept of urban biodiversity and its by analyzing the cases of park biodiversity improvement importance at home and abroad[4]. Hao Sheng et al. evaluated the Urban biodiversity refers to the collection of wild animals, biodiversity of Minghu National Wetland Park in plants, microorganisms and other biological species in the Liupanshui by taking Minghu National Wetland Park as physical environment of a city. The promotion of urban an example, confirmed that the level of biodiversity was biodiversity plays an important role in maintaining the improved after the park was designed and completed, and urban ecosystem, beautifying the urban ecological put forward optimization strategies and suggestions for environment, improving economic benefits and human the promotion and protection of biodiversity in the well-being[1]. In 2002, world leaders pledged to park[5].Zhao Caijun et al. took Perth, Australia as an significantly reduce the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010 example, introduced the design, construction and through the Convention on Biological Diversity,Despite management of King's Park and Bird's Park, and extensive response measures, the rate of biodiversity loss summarized the strategies and methods to improve the [6] does not seem to slow down[2]. Among them, many papers biodiversity of urban parks . In addition, the biodiversity pointed out that biodiversity and species composition design of more domestic urban parks is mainly to achieve present obvious urban-rural gradient change, This the purpose of habitat diversity and biological species suggests that urbanization is one of the most important diversity by utilizing plant characteristics, matching plant drivers of species decline, homogenization and extinction community configuration and building biological habitats compared to other human activities. within the scope of urban public green space or wetland. 1.2 Research on Biodiversity of Urban Parks 2 Regional Overview Urban park is fragmented habitat patch preserved in the rapid progress of urbanization,with good landscape 2.1 Geographic location and Qingxiu Mountain resources, diverse landforms, rich wildlife species and Forest Park other characteristics. Park is often an important habitat of Nanning City is located at 22°13' ~ 23°32'N, 107°45' ~ urban wildlife,is an important part of the urban ecosystem, 108° 51 'E. Its topography is typical of mountains, hills so the protection and promotion of park biodiversity is an and basins, with an average elevation of 76.5 meters. important link to improve the quality of urban Nanning has a mild climate, abundant rainfall, and an environment,to create a good living environment. Chen average annual temperature of 21.7℃, belonging to the Bo et al. pointed out that urban parks and suburban parks subtropical monsoon climate, which provides good living often have highly diverse habitats,By comparing the conditions for organisms, and has the reputation of methods of park biodiversity assessment in China and China's Green City. As of February 2021, the city has * Corresponding author: [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). E3S Web of Conferences 293, 01011 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129301011 GCEECE 2021 jurisdiction over 7 districts, 4 counties and 1 city, with a families, 702 genera and 1,341 species of angiosperms. total area of 22,112 square kilometers, including 372 There are 997 species of cultivated plants, belonging to square kilometers of built-up areas. The city has a 156 families and 535 genera[7]. Among them, along the permanent population of 7.3448 million and an urban Qingxiu Mountain Ancient Road with less human population of 4.6788 million, accounting for an intervention is a very rare area of native plant distribution urbanization rate of 63.7 percent. in the city center, where you can see the naturally Qingxiu Mountain Park is located on the banks of distributed plant communities of Nanning. Qingxiu Yongjiang River in Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang mountain wildlife resources are relatively abundant, in Autonomous Region. Scenic spots include three mountain terms of birds, currently in mountain has four kinds of ranges, namely Phoenix Ridge, Fengyi Ridge and Qingxiu wild animals under state protection (category ii) was Mountain, with an altitude of 82-289 meters. The planned observed Crested Goshawk（ Accipiter trivirgatus）, Asian protected area of Qingxiu Mountain Scenic Spot is 13.54 Barred Owlet（Glaucidium cuculoides）, Collared Scops square kilometers, the core protected area is about 5.86 Owl （Otus bakkamoena）Greater coucal (Centropus square kilometers, and the forest plant park is about 7.68 sinensi)in the breeding. In addition, Mount Qingxiu is also square kilometers. The unique landscape resources and an important breeding, habitat and foraging ground for abundant animal and plant resources make Qingxiu many other birds,Examples such as Hill Blue- Mountain known as the green lung of Nanning City, flycatcher(Cyornis banyumas), Ashy Minivet which plays an important role in the urban green space (Pericrocotus divaricatus), Lesser system planning of Nanning City. Shortwing(Brachypteryx leucophris), White-bellied Yuhina(Erpornis zantholeuca), etc. Japanese Robin 2.2 Status of biological resources (Erithacus akahige) have been observed wintering here for years. In terms of amphibians, reptiles, insects, Tri- The favorable climatic conditions and advantageous rope beauty snake(Coelognathus radiatus), Dorsal-striped geographical location provide a good living environment Opposite-fingered Treefrog(Chiromantis doriae), and for the flora and fauna resources in Qingxiu Mountain. Original-tail gecko(Hemidactylus bowringii) are common According to the investigation of researchers, there are wild animals in Qingxiu Mountain. These data all show 174 families, 752 genera and 1431 species of vascular that Qingxiu Mountain Park has abundant wild animal and plants in Qingxiu Mountain Scenic Area, including 21 plant resources, and protecting and improving the families of ferns. There are 36 genera and 48 species, 8 biodiversity of Qingxiu Mountain is an indispensable part families, 14 genera and 42 species of gymnosperms, 145 of the planning and design. Table1. List of Common Birds in Qingxiu Mountain. Order Family pecies scientific name Protection level Accipitriformes Accipitridae Crested Goshawk Accipiter trivirgatus National two levels of protections animals Strigiformes Strigidae Asian Barred Owlet Glaucidium cuculoides National two levels of protections animals Strigiformes Strigidae Collared Scops Owl Otus lettia National two levels of protections animals Cuculiformes Cuculidae Greater coucal Centropus sinensis National two levels of protections animals Passeriformes Old World babbler Hill Blue-flycatcher Cyornis banyumas Passeriformes Campephagidae Ashy Minivet Pericrocotus Key protected divaricatus animals Passeriformes Vireonidae White-bellied Erpornis zantholeuca Yuhina Passeriformes Turdidae Japanese Robin Erithacus akahige Passeriformes Muscicapidae Lesser Shortwing Brachypteryx leucophrys lack of natural enemies and strong reproductive capacity,invasive alien species often bring threats to 3 Challenges and problems native species and destroy the balance of ecosystem and species diversity,Its threat to biological species has 3.1 invasive alien species attracted enough attention in the global scope. In recent years, the invasion of alien species has become Biological invasion has become one of the most important increasingly harmful to the biodiversity of China, which factors that threaten biodiversity in the world,Due to the has threatened the ecological security of China. 2 E3S Web of Conferences 293, 01011 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129301011 GCEECE 2021 According to Chen Ting's statistics,there are 787 local agencies, bees in the park, by raising bees, park and plants (plants distributed in Guangxi) in Qingxiu nearby need pollination on the growth of the plant are Mountain, 72 plants introduced from other provinces of better, they produce honey also through the charity sale China, and 257 plants introduced and cultivated from activity, used to run in the park. It is estimated