DOCSLIB.ORG

(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0041621 A1 Renshaw Et Al

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0041621 A1 Renshaw Et Al US 2010.0041621A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0041621 A1 Renshaw et al. (43) Pub. Date: Feb. 18, 2010 (54) METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR Related U.S. Application Data IMPROVING COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE (60) Provisional application No. 61/089.331, filed on Aug. 15, 2008. (76) Inventors: Perry Renshaw, Salt Lake City, UT (US); Deborah Yurgelun-Todd, Publication Classification Salt Lake City, UT (US) (51) Int. Cl. A63L/7068 (2006.01) Correspondence Address: A 6LX 3L/7072 (2006.01) CLARK & ELBNG LLP 101 FEDERAL STREET (52) U.S. Cl. ............................................. 514/51; 514/49 BOSTON, MA 02110 (US) (57) ABSTRACT The invention provides methods and compositions for (21) Appl. No.: 12/541.504 improving cognitive performance involving administration of a cytidine-containing or uridine-containing compound to a (22) Filed: Aug. 14, 2009 neuropsychologically healthy human. Patent Application Publication Feb. 18, 2010 Sheet 1 of 3 US 2010/0041621 A1 Figure 1. 8 Week Follow-Up Patent Application Publication Feb. 18, 2010 Sheet 2 of 3 US 2010/0041621 A1 Figure 2. Patent Application Publication Feb. 18, 2010 Sheet 3 of 3 US 2010/0041621 A1 ACC Spectrum Figure 3, PCr 5 O 5 - O - 15 Chemical Shift (ppm) Parieto-Occipital Spectrum PCir PME y-NTP a-NTP B-NTP 5 O 5 O 15 Chemical Shift (ppm) US 2010/0041621 A1 Feb. 18, 2010 METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR 0010. In certain embodiments, the human does not have a IMPROVING COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive disorder, including, e.g., mood disorders (e.g., unipolar depression, dysthymia, CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED cyclothymia, and bipolar disorder), attention-deficit hyperac APPLICATIONS tivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety disorders (e.g., panic disor 0001. This application claims benefit of U.S. Provisional der and generalized anxiety disorder), obsessive-compulsive Application No. 61/089,331, filed Aug. 15, 2008, which is disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), pho hereby incorporated by reference. bias, and psychotic disorders (e.g., Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective disorder); does not have a sleep disorder, e.g., insomnia, constructive or obstructive sleep apnea, restless leg BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION syndrome, periodic limb movements, problem sleepiness, 0002. The invention relates to the fields of brain health and and narcolepsy; has a normal sleep-wake cycle; has not had a cognitive function. stroke or other traumatic injury to the brain; is not using, 0003 Cognition encompasses the high level intellectual abusing, withdrawing from, or dependent on a controlled functions carried out by the brain, including comprehension, Substance, e.g., alcohol, stimulants (e.g., amphetamines, speech, visual perception, calculation, attention, memory, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, and cocaine), mari problem-solving, and self-monitoring. The frontal brain huana, and opiate or opioid drugs; does not use or is not serves important executive functions in cognition, e.g., the dependent on tobacco or nicotine; or does not suffer from ability to Suppress unacceptable social responses. Within the cardiovascular disease, cancer, dysmenorrhea, infertility, frontal brain, the anteriorcingulate cortex (ACC) is thought to preeclampsia, postpartum depression, menopausal discom encode working memory, detect/evaluate errors, and direct fort, osteoporosis, thrombosis, inflammation, hyperlipi attention appropriately. Patients with neuropsychological demia, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, hyperglyceri diseases affecting the frontal brain are disadvantaged in edu demia, or gestational diabetes. cational, occupational, and Social situations. 0011. In other embodiments, the human is less than 30, 40, 0004 Several treatments exist for impaired cognitive 50, or 60 years old. function associated with pathological conditions and aging. 0012. By “neuropsychologically healthy human' is meant However, because cognitive performance fundamentally lim a person who does not have and has not been diagnosed with its achievement throughout life, it would be desirable for a neurological, cognitive, psychiatric, or sleep disorder, e.g., neuropsychologically health persons to improve cognitive one listed herein; who is not suffering from sleep deprivation, performance. disrupted sleep-wake cycles, head trauma, cerebral vasocon striction sequelae, stroke, or otherischemic event in the brain; SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION who does not have age-related dementia or cognitive decline; 0005. In one aspect, the invention features a method of who is not using, abusing, withdrawing from, or dependent on improving cognitive performance by administering a cyti a controlled Substance, e.g., alcohol, stimulants including dine-containing or uridine-containing compound to a neurop amphetamines, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, and sychologically healthy human. cocaine, marihuana, and opiate or opioid drugs; and who is 0006. In preferred embodiments, the improved cognitive not using or dependent on tobacco or nicotine. performance is increased attention or attentional control, 0013 By “improving cognitive performance' is meant accuracy under time pressure, working memory, or learning increasing in speed, accuracy, or effectiveness the perfor aptitude; the compound administered is CDP-choline, uri mance of a cognitive function. By “cognitive function' is dine, or triacetyluridine; the cytidine-containing or uridine meant mental processes involving manipulation of informa containing compound is provided in a nutraceutical compo tion and sensory input. sition, e.g., a drink or tablet, optionally containing one or 0014. By “increased' is meant detectably higher in ability more of vitamin B6, vitamin B12, niacin, folic acid, tyrosine, or capacity, as may be perceived by the human or evidenced phenylalanine, taurine, malic acid, glucuronolactone, and by, e.g., a neuropsychological test. The increase may be, e.g., caffeine; and the cytidine-containing or uridine-containing a 2%. 5%, 10%, or 50% increase in cognitive performance of compound is administered orally. a human relative to the cognitive performance of the human 0007. In another embodiment, the cytidine-containing or prior to treatment with the cytidine-containing or uridine uridine-containing compound is administered chronically, containing compound. e.g., for a period of 3, 5, 10,90, or 180 days or 1, 5, or 10 years. 0015. By “attention' is meant the cognitive process of 0008. In certain embodiments, the method may involve selectively focusing on one aspect of the environment while diagnosing a human as neuropsychologically healthy prior to ignoring other aspects. administration of the cytidine-containing or uridine-contain ing compound. 0016. By “attentional control' is meant the appropriate 0009. In another aspect, the invention features a nutraceu direction of attention to the most relevant aspect of the envi tical composition comprising an effective amount of a cyti rOnment. dine-containing or uridine-containing compound and option 0017. By “working memory” is meant the capacity for ally additional ingredients, e.g., vitamin B6, vitamin B12, retaining recently received or manipulated information in an niacin, folic acid, tyrosine, phenylalanine, taurine, malic acid, active, readily available state. glucuronolactone, and caffeine, for administration to a neu 0018. By “learning aptitude” is meant the relative ability ropsychologically healthy human to improve the cognitive to learn new information or concepts. Learning aptitude of a function of the human. Desirably, the cytidine-containing or person may be measured with respect to a previous measure uridine-containing compound is selected from CDP-choline, ment of aptitude for the same person or with respect to norms uridine, and triacetyluridine. of an appropriately matched population. US 2010/0041621 A1 Feb. 18, 2010 0019. By “verbal learning aptitude” is meant the ability to top of the corpus callosum. The portion of the MRSI grid learn the uses of words. encompassing the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum 0020. By “accuracy under time pressure' is meant the (left, Sagittal image, outer green box) was then shifted in the ability to complete a mental task without error when a limited X and y dimensions in the axial plane to align the MRSI grid amount of time is given to complete the mental task. (right, axial image, outer green box) with the longitudinal 0021. By "frontal brain' is meant the prefrontal cortex of fissure. Two 25 cm voxels (effective size) were placed in the brain. each of the two regions of interest, the anterior cingulate 0022. By “anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is meant the cortex (ACC) and parietal/occipital cortex (POC) (right, axial structure within the prefrontal cortex that lies anterior to the image, Small green boxes). genu of the corpus callosum. 0034 FIG.3 depicts in vivo P spectra from the ACC and 0023. By “parieto-occipital cortex' (POC) is meant the POC of a subject. Sample in vivo 'P brain spectra from 25 region of the parietal and occipital cortex thought to be cm effective voxels in the ACC and the POC of a study involved in integration of sensory information, particularly participant at 4 Tesla. Raw data are displayed with the mod visuospatial and visuomotor activities. eled fit and residual; 15 Hz exponential filtering has been 0024. By “an effective amount” is meant an amount of a applied for display. PME, phosphomonoester, PE, phospho compound Sufficient to improve cognitive performance. ethanolamine:
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Teleneuropsychology (Telenp) in Response to COVID-19: Practical Guidelines to Balancing Validity Concerns with Clinical Need
    Teleneuropsychology (TeleNP) in Response to COVID-19: Practical Guidelines to Balancing Validity Concerns with Clinical Need Rene Stolwyk, DPsych(Clin.Neuro), PsyBA Dustin B. Hammers, Ph.D., ABPP(CN) Senior Lecturer and Clinical Neuropsychologist Board Certified in Clinical Neuropsychology Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Associate Professor, Department of Neurology Monash University, Melbourne, Australia University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Twitter: @rene_stolwyk Lana Harder, PhD, ABPP C. Munro Cullum, Ph.D., ABPP-CN Board Certified in Clinical Neuropsychology Professor of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neurosurgery Board Certified Subspecialist in Pediatric Neuropsychology Pam Blumenthal Distinguished Professor of Clinical Psychology Children’s Medical Center Dallas Senior Neuropsychologist, O’Donnell Brain Institute Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Neurology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] INS Webinar Presented on 4/2/2020 Objectives Following this webinar, attendees will be able to: • Understand the evidence base supporting TeleNP procedures as well as the strengths and limitations of different models • Apply knowledge of models of TeleNP and evaluate potential feasibility within your own clinical settings • Understand key legal and ethical considerations when providing TeleNP services Outline • Ethical and Legal Challenges • Logistical and Practical Considerations • Models of TeleNP • Evidence for use of Specific Measures over TeleNP and Patient Satisfaction • Practical Considerations for Home-Based TeleNP Our Experience with TeleNP • Dr. Hammers leads the University of Utah TeleNP Program • Joint relationship between University of Utah Cognitive Disorders Clinic and St.
    [Show full text]
  • A Systematic Review of Validity Procedures Used in Neuropsychological Batteries
    Psychology & Neuroscience, 2013, 6, 3, 311 - 329 DOI: 10.3922/j.psns.2013.3.09 A systematic review of validity procedures used in neuropsychological batteries Josiane Pawlowski1, Joice Dickel Segabinazi2, Flávia Wagner2, and Denise Ruschel Bandeira2 1. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 2. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Abstract This study presents a systematic review of validity evidence for neuropsychological batteries. Studies published in international databases between 2005 and 2012 were examined. Considering the specificity of neuropsychological batteries, the aim of the study was to review the statistical analyses and procedures that have been used to validate these instruments. A total of 1,218 abstracts were read, of which 147 involved studies of neuropsychological batteries or tests that evaluated at least three cognitive processes. The full text of each article was analyzed according to publication year, focal instrument of the study, sample type, sample age range, characterization of the participants, and procedures and analyses used to provide evidence of validity. The results showed that the studies primarily analyzed patterns of convergence and divergence by correlating the instruments with other tests. Measures of reliability, such as internal consistency and test-retest reliability, were also frequently employed. To provide evidence of relationships between test scores and external criteria, the most common procedures were evaluations of sensitivity and specificity, and comparisons were made between contrasting groups. The statistical analyses frequently used were Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis, Pearson correlation, and Cronbach’s alpha. We discuss the necessity of incorporating both classic and modern psychometric procedures and presenting a broader scope of validity evidence, which would represent progress in this field.
    [Show full text]
  • The Relation Between Intelligence and Adaptive Behavior: a Meta-Analysis
    The Relation between Intelligence and Adaptive Behavior: A Meta-Analysis by Copyright 2017 Ryan M. Alexander Ed.S., University of Kansas, May 2013 B.S., Brigham Young University, May 2006 Submitted to the graduate degree program in Educational Psychology and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy ________________________________ Matthew R. Reynolds, Ph.D., Chair ________________________________ Steven W. Lee, Ph.D. ________________________________ Vicki Peyton, Ph.D. ________________________________ Christopher R. Niileksela, Ph.D. ________________________________ Paul L. Markham, Ph.D. Date Defended: May 11 th , 2017 The Dissertation Committee for Ryan M. Alexander certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation THE RELATION BETWEEN INTELLIGENCE AND ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR: A META- ANALYSIS ________________________________ Matthew R. Reynolds, Ph.D., Chair Date approved: May 11 th , 2017 ii ABSTRACT Intelligence tests and adaptive behavior scales measure vital aspects of the multidimensional nature of human functioning. Assessment of each is a required component in the diagnosis or identification of intellectual disability, and both are frequently used conjointly in the assessment and identification of other developmental disabilities. The present study investigated the population correlation between intelligence and adaptive behavior using psychometric meta- analysis. The main analysis included 148 samples with 16,468 participants overall. Following correction for sampling error, measurement error, and range departure, analysis resulted in an estimated population correlation of ρ = .51. Moderator analyses indicated that the relation between intelligence and adaptive behavior tended to decrease as IQ increased, was strongest for very young children, and varied by disability type, adaptive measure respondent, and IQ measure used.
    [Show full text]
  • Facultad & Psicología
    Universidad & Salamanca Campus & excelencia internacional Facultad & Psicología Departamento & Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos psicológicos Tesis doctoral “Estudio preliminar del CogVal-Senior, una nueva prueba informatizado para la detección de la demencia Alzheimer en personas mayores” Presentado por: Abdel Alexander Solís Rodríguez Licenciado en Psicología, con especialidad de Neuropsicología Clínica Dirigido por: Dr. Manuel A. Franco Martín Dr. Vicente Merino Barragán Salamanca, enero & 2014 FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA DEPARTAMENTO DE PERSONALIDAD, EVALUACIÓN Y TRATAMIENTO PSICOLÓGICOS PROGRAMA DE DOCTORADO EN NEUROPSICOLOGÍA CLÍNCA D. Manuel Franco Martín Doctor en Psiquiatría Profesor Asociado de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Salamanca D. Vicente Merino Barragán Doctor en Psicología Profesor Asociado de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Salamanca Certifican Que el trabajo de investigación realizado por D. Abdel A. Solís Rodríguez, licenciado en Psicología, titulado: “Estudio preliminar del CogVal-Senior, una nueva prueba informatizada para la detección de la demencia Alzheimer en personas mayores”, ha sido realizado bajo nuestra dirección y supervisión, reúne los requisitos para ser leído y defendido ante un tribunal como Tesis doctoral para optar por el Grado de Doctor en Psicología por la Universidad de Salamanca. Salamanca, a 3 de noviembre de 2013. ____________________________ ____________________________ Fdo. Dr. Manuel A. Franco Martín Fdo. Dr. Vicente Merino Barragán 2 Dedicatoria A Aida Luz, mi madre por tantos sacrificios y los más loables ejemplos de trabajo y superación. A mi padre Irene y mi hermano Irkim, por su apoyo incondicional, y a mis sobrinos Noemí, Emily y Alexander, y a toda mi familia. A mi familia “Zamorana”, a todas aquellas amistades que tengo en Salamanca y Zamora, amistades que siempre estarán conmigo.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluating Intellectual Disability: Clinical Assessments in Atkins Cases James W
    Hofstra Law Review Volume 46 | Issue 4 Article 8 6-1-2018 Evaluating Intellectual Disability: Clinical Assessments in Atkins Cases James W. Ellis Caroline Everington Ann M. Delpha Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/hlr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Ellis, James W.; Everington, Caroline; and Delpha, Ann M. (2018) "Evaluating Intellectual Disability: Clinical Assessments in Atkins Cases," Hofstra Law Review: Vol. 46 : Iss. 4 , Article 8. Available at: https://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/hlr/vol46/iss4/8 This document is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons at Hofstra Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hofstra Law Review by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons at Hofstra Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ellis et al.: Evaluating Intellectual Disability: Clinical Assessments in Atkin EVALUATING INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY: CLINICAL ASSESSMENTS IN A TKINS CASES James W. Ellis * CarolineEverington ** Ann M Delpha *** ABSTRACTt The intersection of intellectual disability and the death penalty is now clearly established Both under the US. Supreme Court's constitutional decisions and under the terms of many state statutes, individual defendants who have that disability cannot be sentenced to death or executed. It now falls to trial, appellate, and post-conviction * James W. Ellis is a Distinguished University Professor and Professor of Law at the University of New Mexico School of Law. He has served as President of the American Association on Mental Retardation (now the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities), and as Law Reporter for the American Bar Association's Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards project.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparing Methods to Evaluate Cognitive Deficits in Commercial Airline Pilots
    Comparing Methods to Evaluate Cognitive Deficits in Commercial Airline Pilots Joshua Potocko, MD/MPH UCSF Occupational and Environmental Medicine Residency 30 Min Background Philosophy Scope Comparisons Evidence Review: Example Questions for the Group BACKGROUND LCDR Joshua R. Potocko, MC (FS/FMF), USN “The views expressed in this presentation reflect the results of research conducted by the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the United States Government.” Potocko’s 6 Proclamations: Certain baseline cognitive functions decline with age. Within an individual, these declines are difficult to predict. Between individuals, different types of decline are variable. Understanding the following are critically important to aviation safety: Age-related declines Temporary disturbances in cognitive function, Stable (or progressive) baseline disturbances due to injury, illness, disease, medication, and substance use. When does cognitive dysfunction become unsafe? Cognitive Function Typical, Normal, Adequate, Average Cognitive Inefficiency Circadian, Fatigue, Mood, Stress Cognitive Deficiency Injury, Illness, Meds, Substances Cognitive Disability Above plus regulatory decisions => requires safety factor Baseline New Baseline Unfit Period Injury Illness Meds Baseline Progressive Decline Age XX? Permanently Unfit Disease? PHILOSOPHY Research Question: What is the “best” way to evaluate cognitive deficits in airline pilots? Best: historical? expert opinion?...or
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.A Systematic Review of Validity Procedures Used in Neuropsychological Batteries
    Psychology & Neuroscience ISSN: 1984-3054 [email protected] Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Brasil Pawlowski, Josiane; Dickel Segabinazi, Joice; Wagner, Flávia; Ruschel Bandeira, Denise A systematic review of validity procedures used in neuropsychological batteries Psychology & Neuroscience, vol. 6, núm. 3, 2013, pp. 311-329 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=207029385009 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Psychology & Neuroscience, 2013, 6, 3, 311 - 329 DOI: 10.3922/j.psns.2013.3.09 A systematic review of validity procedures used in neuropsychological batteries Josiane Pawlowski1, Joice Dickel Segabinazi2, Flávia Wagner2, and Denise Ruschel Bandeira2 1. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 2. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Abstract This study presents a systematic review of validity evidence for neuropsychological batteries. Studies published in international databases between 2005 and 2012 were examined. Considering the specificity of neuropsychological batteries, the aim of the study was to review the statistical analyses and procedures that have been used to validate these instruments. A total of 1,218 abstracts were read, of which 147 involved studies of neuropsychological batteries or tests that evaluated at least three cognitive processes. The full text of each article was analyzed according to publication year, focal instrument of the study, sample type, sample age range, characterization of the participants, and procedures and analyses used to provide evidence of validity.
    [Show full text]
  • 5Th Conference Clinical Trials on Alzheimer's Disease
    The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging© 5th Conference Clinical Trials on Alzheimer’s Disease October 29-31, 2012 Grimaldi Forum, Convention Center, Monte Carlo TH requirements in the U.S. and Europe for demonstrating disease- MONDAY, OCTOBER 29 modification in early Alzheimer’s disease; • Identify whether these differences are scientifically based or influenced by the cultural factors SYMPOSIUM within the regulatory bodies; and • Call for harmonization of current requirements that are not deemed scientifically based and propose a S1 - HARMONIZING REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS TO mechanism for collaboration among global regulatory bodies beyond BENEFIT FUTURE ALZHEIMER’ DISEASE PATIENTS. the U.S. and Europe to harmonize the issuance of new guidelines or D. PERRY1, D. STEPHENSON2, R. KATZ3, K. BROICH4 (1. ACT-AD requirements for Alzheimer’s disease. Conclusion: Alzheimer’s Coalition, Alliance for Aging Research, USA; 2. Coalition Against disease is one of the most important health challenges in the world Major Diseases, Critical Path Institute, USA; 3. U.S. Food and Drug today. The World Health Organization in April 2012 called for Administration; 4. Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices nations to address dementia as a public health priority. Pursuing a (BfArM)) global consensus on regulatory requirements for the approval of early Alzheimer’s disease treatments is a timely topic and could have a The coalition to Accelerate Cure/Treatments for Alzheimer’s significant impact on advancing drug development. CTAD has become Disease (ACT-AD) is comprised of more than 50 not-for-profit a leading forum for international experts to engage in exchanges about organizations representing Alzheimer’s patients, caregivers, older opportunities and challenges for research and development across the people, health care providers and researchers.
    [Show full text]
  • Dementia Diagnostics in Primary Care: with a Focus on Cognitive Testing
    Linköping University Medical Dissertations No. 1691 Anna Segernäs Kvitting Anna Segernäs FACULTY OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES Linköping Medical Dissertations No. 1691, 2019 Dementia diagnostics Department of Medical and Health Sciences Linköping University SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden in primary care www.liu.se with a focus on cognitive testing Dementia diagnostics primary in care Anna Segernäs Kvitting with a focus on cognitive testing 2019 Linköping University Medical Dissertations No. 1691 Dementia diagnostics in primary care with a focus on cognitive testing Anna Segernäs Kvitting Department of Medical and Health Sciences Linköping University, Sweden Linköping 2019 Anna Segernäs Kvitting, 2019 Cover picture: Picture from Shutterstock images. Printed with permission. Published articles have been reprinted with the permission of the copyright holders. Printed in Sweden by LiU-Tryck, Linköping, Sweden, 2019 ISSN 0345-0082 ISBN 978-91-7685-037-4 To Astrid, Vera and Vilgot To go fast, go alone. To go far, go together. African proverb Contents CONTENTS ABSTRACT ................................................................................................. 1 SVENSK SAMMANFATTNING ................................................................. 2 LIST OF PAPERS ....................................................................................... 4 ABBREVIATIONS...................................................................................... 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Clinical Neuropsychology 101 (An Introduction)
    Module V. Neuropsychological Assessments "The Impact" Module V - Neurological Assessments Page 2 of 22 Instructions to This Module: - If you have questions we encourage you to talk to your supervisor or you can call the ABI Program Manager under (801) 538-8244. Objectives of This Module: a) Understand what a Neuropsychological Assessment is. b) Understand what indicates a Neuropsychological Assessment. c) Understand what Neuropsychological Assessments measure. d) Understand the tests used in Neuropsychological Assessments. e) Understand the purpose of the tests. Module V - Neurological Assessments Page 3 of 22 Clinical Neuropsychology 101 (An Introduction) The clinical specialty of neuropsychology bridges interest in the biological function of neural cells in the brain, spinal cord, and body with the study of psychological disorders. The neuropsychologist uses objective, scientific techniques to link behaviors to underlying normal and abnormal biological (i.e., brain) processes. The clinical neuropsychologist studies patterns of abnormal behavior to infer the biological abnormalities that might be producing or contributing to those behaviors. Traditionally defined, neuropsychology is the study of (and the assessment, understanding, and modification of) brain-behavior relationships. Neuropsychology seeks to understand how the brain, through structure and neural networks, produces and controls behavior and mental processes, including emotions, personality, thinking, learning and remembering, problem solving, and consciousness. The field is also concerned with how behavior may influence the brain and related physiological processes, as in the emerging field of psychoneuroimmunology (the study that seeks to understand the complex interactions between brain and immune systems, and the implications for physical health). Neuropsychology seeks to gain knowledge about brain and behavior relationships through the study of both healthy and damaged brain systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Game-Based Assessment of Cognitive Status in Clinical and Non-Clinical Samples
    Game-Based Assessment of Cognitive Status in Clinical and Non-Clinical Samples by Tiffany Tong A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto © Copyright by Tiffany Tong 2018 Game-Based Assessment of Cognitive Status in Clinical and Non- Clinical Samples Tiffany Tong Doctor of Philosophy Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 2018 Abstract In this dissertation I validated a serious game for cognitive assessment that was originally developed in my Masters thesis (Tong, 2014). I used a whack-a-mole game that requires response inhibition, by adding a distractor character that should not be hit. I evaluated the game as a potential screening tool for the clinically relevant condition of delirium, and I examined how game performance was correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), a standard assessment of cognitive ability in the elderly. Patients 65 years and older presenting at the Sunnybrook emergency department participated in three clinical studies and response time (RT) on the game was found to be significantly correlated with MMSE scores, and sufficiently predictive of whether the person had delirium as determined by the Confusion Assessment Method. Comparing game performance at 8-hour intervals, I found that game RT showed good test-retest reliability in the second clinical study. In the third clinical study, I found that false alarm rate provided a useful supplement to median correct RT in predicting clinical measures. Following the clinical studies, I evaluated the game with healthy adults in a pilot study to determine how the duration of character appearance affected whether the task was speeded or ii not.
    [Show full text]
  • 10/30/06 Page 1 of 20
    Case 3:05-cv-00875-PK Document 25 Filed 10/30/06 Page 1 of 20 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF OREGON SUSAN PRYOR, ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) CV 05-875-PK v. ) ) JO ANNE B. BARNHART, Commissioner of Social ) FINDINGS AND Security, ) RECOMMENDATION ) Defendant. ) PAPAK, Magistrate Judge: INTRODUCTION Plaintiff Susan Pryor brings this action for judicial review of a final decision of the Commissioner of Social Security denying her application for disability insurance benefits (DIB) and supplemental security income payments (SSI) under Titles II and XVI of the Social Security Act. This court has jurisdiction under 42 U.S.C. §§ 405(g) and 1383©)(3). The Commissioner concedes 1 - FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATION Case 3:05-cv-00875-PK Document 25 Filed 10/30/06 Page 2 of 20 that her decision contains errors and moves the court to remand for further proceedings (docket # 21). Pryor opposes additional proceedings and seeks an immediate award of benefits. The Commissioner’s motion to remand for further proceedings should be denied. The Commissioner’s final decision should be reversed and remanded for an award of benefits. BACKGROUND Pryor was born September 4, 1953. Tr. 234.1 She graduated from high school and attended nursing school for two years. Tr. 250. Pryor was employed as a computer wafer processor. On December 12, 1999 she was in an automobile accident as she was leaving work. Tr. 59-60, 246. Pryor alleges disability from this date due to a cognitive disorder from a head injury, lumbar spine degenerative disc disease, chronic pain syndrome, headaches, obesity, depression, and a personality disorder.
    [Show full text]