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A New Species of the Brazilian Endemic Genus <I>Acritopappus</I

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A New Species of the Brazilian Endemic Genus <I>Acritopappus</I Systematic Botany (2011), 36(1): pp. 227–230 © Copyright 2011 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists DOI 10.1600/036364411X553298 A New Species of the Brazilian Endemic Genus Acritopappus (Compositae, Eupatorieae) from Minas Gerais Hortensia P. Bautista , 1 Santiago Ortiz , 2 , 3 and Juan Rodríguez-Oubiña 2 1 Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, 2555, Cabula. CEP 41150-0000, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. 2 Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal, Laboratorio de Botánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain. 3 Author for correspondence: ( [email protected] ) Communicating Editor: Mark P. Simmons Abstract— A new species of the Brazilian endemic genus Acritopappus from the Serra do Cabral, in Minas Gerais state, is described. The new species, Acritopappus pereirae , is similar to A. confertus , the most widely distributed species in the genus, but differs in that the latter has conduplicate, chartaceous, glabrous to glabrescent, viscid leaves with entire margins, and an aristate pappus. The new species is illus- trated, the affinities between the morphologically related species and A. pereirae are discussed and a key to the species from Minas Gerais is provided. Keywords— Asteraceae , Brazil , Serra do Cabral , subtribe Ageratinae , systematics , taxonomy. Acritopappus R. M. King & H. Rob. (Compositae, Materials and Methods Eupatorieae) consists of 17 species of shrubs and small trees, This study was based on morphological analysis of specimens from mostly endemic to the northeast and southeast regions of the following herbaria: BHCB, CEPEC, HRB, HUEFS, K, SANT, and US Brazil ( Bautista 2000 ). The greatest diversity of the genus (herbarium acronyms follow Holmgren et al. 1990 ). Herbarium material is found in the states of Bahia and Minas Gerais where its was studied with the aid of a light microscope. Cypselas of dried material species generally have a limited distribution and only two were mounted on aluminum stubs and coated with a c. 30 nm layer of gold for study with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (LEO 435VP), of them [A. confertus (Gardner) R. M. King & H. Rob. and operating at 15 kV. A. longifolius (Gardner) R. M. King & H. Rob.] are widely dis- tributed, though always within the limits of the northeast and southeast regions of Brazil. In Minas Gerais, it has been rep- Taxonomic Treatment resented by three species, one of which, A. longifolius, has a Acritopappus pereirae Bautista, S. Ortiz & Rodr. Oubiña, sp. wide distribution range ( Fig. 1 ). nov.—TYPE: BRAZIL. Minas Gerais State: Municipality Acritopappus was segregated from Eupatorium by King of Joaquim Felício, Serra do Cabral, 19 km from Joaquim and Robinson (1972) . Within tribe Eupatorieae, Acritopappus Felício, on the road to Várzea da Palma, 17°41′53˝S, belongs to subtribe Ageratinae ( King and Robinson 1987 ; 44°15′44˝W, campo rupestre contacting open arboreal cer- Bremer 1994 ; Hind and Robinson 2007 ; Robinson et al. 2009 ), rado, áreas brejosas, and campos gerais vegetation, rocky though Robinson et al. (2009) found that Acritopappus was outcrops, white sand with turf, Espinhaço Supergroup, Copyright (c) American Society for Plant Taxonomists. All rights reserved. Delivered by Ingenta to IP: 192.168.39.211 on: Mon, 27 Sep 2021 23:06:15 resolved in subtribe Gyptidinae clade in a preliminary phylo- quartzite, alt. 1,150 m, 22 Sep. 1998. Bautista & Ortiz 2810 genetic analysis using ITS. The subtribe Ageratinae includes (holotype: HRB 41079!; isotype: SANT!). 26 genera, some of them, like Acritopappus , are endemic to Brazil, i.e. Cavalcantia R. M. King & H. Rob., Gardnerina Differt a specie Acritopappus confertus (Gardner) R. M. King R. M. King & H. Rob., Piqueriella R. M. King & H. Rob., & H. Rob. foliis planis et non viscidis corollisque longiori- Scherya R. M. King & H. Rob., and Teixeiranthus R. M. King & bus; ab A. dimantinicus Bautista, S. Ortiz & Rodr. Oubiña, H. Rob. cum arborea sit nostra, folia sua insuper lanceolata, capitula The new species of Acritopappus described below was 10-flora, involucra breviora corollaeque autem longiores; dif- found only in the Serra do Cabral ( Fig. 1 ). The Serra do fert porro ab A. longifolius (Gardner) R. M. King & H. Rob., Cabral, situated in the center-north of Minas Gerais, as a part item cum arborea sit nostra, folia sua breviora et non viscida, of the Cadeia do Espinhaço, is an isolated massif of 22,494 capitula 10-flora, involucra breviora et 2–3 paleis praedita; hectares that divides the basins of the Rio Jequitai and Rio differt denique a speciebus tribus commemoratis cum pos- das Velhas. Geologically, it is made of arenitic and silty sed- sideat nostra folia membranacea margineque ciliata et fruc- imentary rocks, as well as low-metamorphic conglomerates tuum pappos coroniformiter aristatos aut coroniformiter ( Figueiredo et al. 1993 ). Its altitude ranges between 900 and denticulatos. 1,300 m although at some points it reaches 1,500 m. Serra do Tree about 4 m high, moderately branched in upper part. Cabral has a peculiar flora found mainly in campos rupestres, Branches ascendant, opposite, cylindrical, striate, cream-col- cerrado, and campos vegetation, as well as small patches of ored, with eglandular, pluricellular, uniseriate, and glandular matas ciliares, cerradão, mata atlântica, and veredas ( Alonso hairs; internodes 2.5–6.5 cm long. Leaves opposite, petiolate; 1977 ). The presence of buritis (Mauritia vinifera Mart.) is a petioles (1.6–)2.2–2.7 cm, striate, enlarged at base, fused to pet- dominant feature of the swamps of the latter. The Serra do iole of opposite leaf by a narrow hairy membrane, adaxially Cabral is now permanently protected having been stablished flat to canaliculate, glabrous, abaxially rounded with eglan- as a natural state park in 2005. dular and glandular hairs, fallen leaves leaving a narrow scar 227 228 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY [Volume 36 Fig. 1. Distribution of the species of Acritopappus present in Minas Gerais, Brazil. tracing stem circumference; lamina (10–)12–13.8 × (2–)2.2–3 anther base slightly acute; style ± 5.5 mm long, glabrous; style cm, narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, light green, with a branches ± 3.2 mm long, white. Cypsela 1.8–2(–2.2) × 0.4– conspicuous lemon smell which is reduced or not detectable 0.6(–0.7) mm, black, prismatic, base asymmetric, glabrous, Copyright (c) American Society for Plant Taxonomists. All rights reserved. Delivered by Ingenta to IP: 192.168.39.211 on: Mon, 27 Sep 2021 23:06:15 when leaves are dried, flat, nonviscid, membranaceous; adax- 5-ribbed, distances between ribs unequal; carpopodium ial face with sparse eglandular hairs and abundant glandu- basal (symmetrical) to slightly lateral (asymmetrical), with lar hairs, venation slightly prominent, with eglandular hairs; elongate cells; pappus 0.4–1.1 mm long, coroniform-aristate, abaxial face with sparse eglandular and glandular hairs, vena- 3–10 aristae, or less frequently coroniform-denticulate. tion slightly prominent, striate, glabrous or slightly glabres- Figures 2 , 3 . cent; margins crenate to crenulate, ciliate, apex acuminate, Additional Specimen Examined— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: base obtuse. Inflorescence a composite corymb, with capitula Municipality of Joaquim Felício, Serra do Cabral, alt. 1,200 grouped in glomerules, peduncles robust, striate, pilose, prin- m, campo rupestre vegetation, rocky soil, 15 Apr. 1996, cipal peduncle 3.5–6.0 cm long, secondary peduncles 4.0–5.0 G. Hatschbach 64811, et al. (BHCB 34161, US 3327313) cm long, sparsely bracteolate, bracteoles narrowly lanceo- Etymology— The specific epithet honors our friend and col- late, 3–12 mm long, capitula pedicellate to sessile. Capitula league from the Fundaçao Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e homogamous with ± 10 florets; involucres 5.3–5.5 × 1.8–2.1 Estatística, Alex Domingos Carneiro Pereira, who, with his mm, cylindric; phyllaries ± 12, green, eximbricate, lanceolate, great knowledge of geology, helped us significantly during 2–3-seriate, outermost, ± flat, 1.4–1.8 × 0.5–0.6 mm, innermost the collecting trip of Acritopappus in several areas in Bahia and 2.6–2.8 × 0.9–1.0 mm, concave to ± flat, margins scarious, api- Minas Gerais including the Serra do Cabral, where the new cally ciliate, apices subacute to rounded, base truncate; recep- species was collected. tacle flat, paleaceous, paleae 2–3, 3.0–3.2 × 0.2–0.3 mm, flat, Phenology— Collected material indicates that this species oblong, margins scarious, ciliate, apex acute. Florets her- is in flower and fruit in September and April but it might maphroditic; corolla tubular, 3.2–4 mm long, with sparse, have flowers and fruits all year long, like other species of stipitate glandular trichomes, white; corolla tube 2.2–2.4 × Acritopappus (i.e. A. confertus ). 0.4–0.5 mm; lobes 0.5–0.6 mm long, patent to ascending, apex Geographical Distribution and Ecology— Acritopappus acute, with short papillae located internally in upper part; pereirae is only known from the Serra do Cabral where it was anthers 1.2–1.5 mm long, apical appendage 0.30 × 0.20 mm, found in two localities. It grows in small patches of campo ovate, somewhat longer than wide, with acute to obtuse apex, rupestre vegetation, among shrubs (i.e. Lychnophora sp., 2011] BAUTISTA ET AL.: NEW ACRITOPAPPUS 229 Copyright (c) American Society for Plant Taxonomists. All rights reserved. Delivered by Ingenta to IP: 192.168.39.211 on: Mon, 27 Sep 2021 23:06:15 Fig. 2. Acritopappus pereirae Bautista, S. Ortiz & Rodr. Oubiña. A. Vegetative branch. B. Adaxial surface of leaf. C. Abaxial surface of leaf. D. Inflorescence. E. Detail of inflorescence. F. Detail of peduncle. G. Capitulum. H. Longitudinal section of capitulum. I. Phyllary. J. Corolla. K. Cypsela with pappus (from the holotype, Bautista & Ortiz 2810 , HRB 41079). 230 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY [Volume 36 Baccharis sp.) and small trees (i.e.
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