Seeking Gender Equity: Assessment of Women Involvement in Local Governance and Community Development in Three Districts of the Western Region
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Seeking Gender Equity: Assessment of Women Involvement in Local Governance and Community Development in Three Districts of the Western Region A 2014 Baseline Report Gender Centre for Empowering Development (GenCED). CONTENTS List of Acronyms / Abbreviation / Definitions ............................................................................. i List of Tables ............................................................................................................................. ii List of figures ............................................................................................................................. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................................... iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... iv CHAPTER 1 ...............................................................................................................................1 1.0 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background .................................................................................................................1 1.2 Objectives ....................................................................................................................2 CHAPTER 2 ...............................................................................................................................4 2. Literature Review ...................................................................................................................4 2.1Local Governance in the Ghanaian Context ...................................................................4 2.2 Legislative Frameworks for Local Governance in Ghana ...................................................5 2.3 The Local Government System Arrangement in Ghana .....................................................6 2.4 Institutional Constraints confronting the Ghanaian Local Government System ................ 12 2.5 Women in Local Government .......................................................................................... 12 2.6Socio-cultural, economic and political context hindering women inclusiveness in local governance and community development .......................................................................... 14 CHAPTER 3 ............................................................................................................................. 16 3. Research Methodology .......................................................................................................... 16 3.1Introduction .................................................................................................................... 16 3.2Research Methodology ................................................................................................... 16 CHAPTER 4 ............................................................................................................................. 18 4. Findings ........................................................................................................................... 18 4.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 18 4.2 Presentation of findings ............................................................................................ 18 4.3 Study Districts Background ...................................................................................... 18 4.4 Findings from Juaboso District Assembly ............................................................... 19 4.5 Findings from Bia West District Assembly .............................................................. 21 4.6 Findings from Sefwi Wiawso Municipal Assembly ................................................. 24 CHAPTER 5 ............................................................................................................................. 27 5.0 Discussion of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations ................................................. 27 References ................................................................................................................................ 33 Annex 1: Interview Guide for FGDs and Stakeholders Interviews ............................................. 34 Annex 2: List of Stakeholders ................................................................................................... 35 LIST OF ACRONYMS / ABBREVIATION / DEFINITIONS ACs - Area Councils BAC - Business Advisory Centre BHC - British High Commission COMPASS - Community Public Address System CSOs - Civil society Organisations DA - District Assembly DAs - District Assemblies DCE - District Chief Executive DMTDP - District Medium Term Development Plan FBOs - Faith Based Organisations FGD - Focus Group Discussions GES - Ghana Education Service GenCED - Gender Centre for Empowering Development GoG - Government of Ghana GSS - Ghana Statistical Service HOD - Heads of Department ISD - Information Service Department L.I - Legislative Instrument LOGODEP - Local Governance and Decentralization Program MLGRD - Ministry of Local Government & Rural Development MSI - Management System International M/M/DCE - Metropolitan/Municipal/ District Chief Executive MTDP(s) - Medium Term Development Plan(s) MP - Member of Parliament NCCE - National Commission for Civic Education NGOs - Non-governmental Organization(s) PHC - Population and Housing Census PM - Presiding Member PRCC - Public Relation and Complaints Committee PTM - Project Management Team RCC - Regional Co-ordinating Council SWMA - Sefwi Wiawso Municipal Assembly UC - Unit Committee UCs - Unit Committees UNDEF - United Nations Democracy Fund USAID - United State Agency forInternational Development i List of Tables Gender Disaggregation of Respondents by District /Municipal 1 Number of Assembly member sin Juaboso District Assembly 2 Number of Assembly members in Bia West District Assembly 3 Number of Assembly members in Sefwi Wiawso Municipal Assembly 4 List of figures The Local Government Structure 1 The District Assembly Structure 2 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In line with the implementationof a two year project funded by the United Nations Democracy Fund (UNDEF) titled “Strengthening participation of women in geographically deprived communities in local governance in Ghana/Western Region’’. GenCED commissioned local Consultants to conduct a baseline survey to investigate the issues of women inclusiveness in development planning and budgetary process and the logic for gender inclusiveness in local government activities. To all the Interviewees and participants of the validation workshop, we extend our gratitude. GenCED would like to thank the authors Mr. Gilbert Sam & Mr. Richard Adupong for their invaluable technical support for the completion of the study. For all persons and Institutions who contributed in diverse ways in the preparation of this Baseline study document but whose names have not been mentioned, we extend our sincere gratitude. Finally, this document remains the property of GenCED and we are solely responsible for its contents. ………………………………………………… Esther Tawiah EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction The local Government Act, Act 462 provides opportunities for citizens to be involved in the decision-making process at the local level. Indeed the Act requires inclusiveness in the local governance irrespective of the gender, belief system, social statuses, geographical location, physical disabilities in the development planning and budgeting process at all levels to ensure the attainment of the development goals of the District Assembly. It is in this light that Gender Centre for Empowering Development (GenCED) with support from United Nations Democracy Fund (UNDEF) commissioned local Consultants to conduct a baseline survey to primarily investigate the level of women inclusiveness in decision making process at the district level as well as establish the logic for gender inclusiveness in the development planning and budgetary processes. Essentially, this baseline study was conducted in response to the need for greater women involvement in development planning in order to sustain gender mainstreaming in the planning and decision making processes at the local level and also establish district specific baseline values for each of the outcome indicators to facilitate an assessment of project achievements upon project completion. 2.0 Objectives The objectives of the baseline study are to: explore and establish the socio- cultural, economic and political context of women inclusiveness in local governance and community development; investigate the level of women inclusiveness in decision making process at the district level; establish the logic for gender inclusiveness in thedevelopment planning and budgetary processes; and Update district specific baseline values for each of the project outcome indicators to facilitate an assessment of project achievements upon project completion. 3.0 Methodology The Consultants carried out field visits between 19thand 21st November 2014 in Juaboso, Bia West Districts and Sefwi Wiawso Municipal to collect information relative to women participation in decision making at the district level. Stakeholders interviewed included: iv women groups, PWDs, local NGOs, community members and district assembly officials in