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Blwyddyn' Cymru' Prydain' Y'byd' ! Blwyddyn' Cymru' Prydain' Y'Byd' ! ! ! ! 1915! !! 2!Medi,!1915:!Bu!farw!Kier! !!19!Ionawr:!Dechreuodd!rhyfel!yn!yr! !!10!Rhagfyr:!Gwnaeth!cwmni!Ford! Hardy,!yr!Aelod!Seneddol! awyr!ar!Brydain!wrth!i'r!Almaenwyr! yn!UDA!ei!filiynfed!car.! Llafur!cyntaf.! ddefnyddio!Zeppelins!am!y!tro!cyntaf.!! ! !! 4!Rhagfyr,!1915:!Lansiwyd!y! !!4!Chwefror:!Cyrhaeddodd!nifer!y!rhai! llong!danfor!gyntaf!(J3)!ym! a!laddwyd!yn!y!rhyfel!104,000.! Mhenfro.! !!18!Chwefror:!Canslwyd!Gemau! !! Yn!Llanfair!PG,!Sir!Fôn,! Olympaidd!Berlin!oedd!i!fod!i! sefydlwyd!cangen!gyntaf! ddigwydd.! Sefydliad!y!Merched! !!18!Mawrth:!Anogodd!y!llywodraeth! (Women’s!Institute!W.I).! fenywod!i!fynd!allan!i!weithio!i! !! Dangoswyd!The$Birth$of$a$ helpu’r!ymgyrch!ryfel.! Nation,!ffilm!ddadleuol!D.W.! ! Griffiths!yn!Efrog!Newydd.! Cymro!oedd!D.W.!Griffiths!a! oedd!yn!un!o!sefydlwyr!y! diwydiant!ffilm!modern.! ! ! ! ! ! 1916! !! 7!Rhagfyr:!Daeth!Lloyd! !!6!Ionawr:!Pasiodd!y!Senedd!Ddeddf! !!8!Ebrill:!Yn!Norwy!cafodd!menywod! ! George,!Cymro!Cymraeg,!yn! Gorfodaeth!Filwrol!(Consgripsiwn).! yr!hawl!i!bleidleisio!mewn! Brif!Weinidog.! !!21!Mai:!Dechreuodd!Amser!Haf! etholiadau!cyffredinol.!! !! Lladdwyd!4,000!o!filwyr!38ain! Prydain,!fel!ffordd!o!arbed!llosgi!glo!i! !!24!Ebrill:!gwrthryfel!yn!Nulyn,! Adran!y!Gwarchodlu!Cymreig,! greu!golau!yn!y!nos.!! Iwerddon!yn!erbyn!Rheolaeth! a!1,000!o!filwyr!y!Ffiwsilwyr! ! Prydain.!Arweiniodd!hyn!at! Brenhinol!Cymreig!ym! 'Wrthryfel!y!Pasg'.! mrwydrau!Somme!a!Mamtez.! ! !! Jimmy!Wilde!–!Pencampwr! !!1!Gorffennaf:!dechreuodd!ymgyrch! Bocsio'r!Byd.! y!Somme,!gan!arwain!at!filoedd!o! ! farwolaethau!yn!y!ffosydd;!! !!15!Medi:!defnyddiodd!Prydain! danciau!yn!y!rhyfel!am!y!tro!cyntaf.! !!cafodd!Woodrow!Wilson!ei!ethol!yn! Llywydd!UDA!gan!guro!Charles! Evans!Hughes!o!drwch!blewyn.! Roedd!tad!Charles!Evans!Hughes!yn! weinidog!Cymraeg!o!Dredegar.! ! ! ! ! ! 1917! !! 31!Gorffennaf:!Lladdwyd! !! Cafodd!teulu!Brenhinol!Prydain! !!16!Mawrth:!ildiodd!Czar!Nicholas!II! ! Hedd!Wyn!mewn!brwydr!ar! wared!ar!bob!teitl!Almaenig:! y!goron!yn!Rwsia.!Arweiniodd!hyn! Esgair!Pilkem!cyn!iddo!gael!ei! daeth!SaxecCoburgcGotha!yn! at!chwyldro!Rwsia!ar!7!Tachwedd.! gadeirio'n!brifardd!Eisteddfod! Windsor!a!daeth!Battenburg!yn! !!6!Ebrill:!Ymunodd!America!â'r! Genedlaethol!Penbedw.!! Mountbatten.! Rhyfel!Byd!Cyntaf.! !! Carcharwyd!Gwenallt,!bardd! ! ! ifanc!o'r!Alltcwen,! ! ! Pontardawe,!am!ddwy!flynedd! ! ! am!fod!yn!wrthwynebydd! ! ! cydwybodol,!sef!gwrthod! ! ! ymrestru!fel!milwr!am! ! resymau!moesol!a!chrefyddol.! ! ! ! ! ! 1918! !! Hydref!/!Gaeaf:!Cafodd!Cymru! !!25!Ionawr:!Cyflwynodd!Llywodraeth! !!Lladdwyd!cyncCzar!Rwsia!a'i!deulu! ! ei!tharo!gan!ffliw!marwol.! Prydain!bolisi!dau!ddiwrnod!heb!gig! gan!Folsefigiaid!Rwsia.! ! !! 27!Medi:!Bu!farw!Morfydd! yr!wythnos!i!ymdopi!â!phrinder! !!11!Tachwedd:!Llofnododd!yr! Owen,!y!cyfansoddwr!a'r! bwyd.! Almaen!y!Cadoediad!–!felly!daeth! cerddor!yng!Nghraigcycmôr,!y! !!12!Tachwedd:!Roedd!gan!Brydain! diwedd!i'r!Rhyfel!Byd!Cyntaf!oedd! Mwmbwls,!tra!oedd!ar!ei! ddyledion!rhyfel!o!£7,100!miliwn.! wedi!hawlio!bywydau!10!miliwn!o! gwyliau.!27!mlwydd!oed!yn! !!23!Tachwedd:!Dechreuodd!gemau! filwyr!y!gynghrair!a'r!gelyn.! unig!oedd!hi!ac!roedd!yn!briod! pêlcdroed!y!Gynghrair!eto!ym! ! ag!Ernest!Jones!o!Drecgŵyr,! Mhrydain.! cofiannydd!a!chydweithiwr! !!28!Rhagfyr:!pleidleisiodd!menywod! Sigmund!Freud.! dros!30!am!y!tro!cyntaf!mewn! ! etholiad!cyffredinol.! ! ! ! ! ! 1919! !! 12!Mehefin:!Galwadau!am! !!5!Gorffennaf:!Am!y!tro!cyntaf,! !!17!Ebrill:!Daeth!pedwar!o!brif! ! senedd!ranbarthol!i!Gymru.! enillodd!menyw!nad!oedd!yn!dod!o! artistiaid!y!ffilmiau!at!ei!gilydd!i! !! 27!Medi:!Bu!farw!Adelina!Patti! wlad!oedd!yn!siarad!Saesneg! greu!cwmni!newydd!o'r!enw!United! o!Graig!y!Nos,!Cwm!Tawe.! bencampwriaeth!menywod! Artists,!yn!Hollywood.!Mary! Cantores!opera!fydcenwog!oedd! Wimbledon.!!Suzanne!Lenglen!o! Pickford,!Douglas!Fairbank,!Charles! hi.! Ffrainc!oedd!hi.! Chaplin!a!D.W.!Griffith!oedd!yr! ! !!16!Hydref:!!Sefydlodd!y!Llywodraeth! artistiaid.! Gomisiwn!i!edrych!ar!system!o! !!28!Mehefin:!Arwyddodd!yr!Almaen! ddatganoli!ffederal!i'r!DU.! y!Cytundeb!Heddwch!yn!Versailles.! !!28!Tachwedd:!Daeth!Nancy!Astor!yn! ! AS!benywaidd!cyntaf!Prydain.!Cafodd! ei!hethol!yn!AS!Ceidwadol!dros! Plymouth!mewn!isetholiad.! ! ! ! ! ! 1920! !!Sefydlwyd!yr!Eglwys!yng! !!31!Awst:!Datgelodd!adroddiad! ! Nghymru'n!swyddogol.! heddlu!Llundain!fod!mwy!o!geir! ! !!Chwaraeodd!Billy!Meredith!yn! modur!wedi!arwain!at!fwy!o! !!16!Ionawr:!Daeth!y!gwaharddiad!yn! 45!oed!dros!dîm!pêlcdroed! farwolaethau!ar!y!ffyrdd.! ddeddf!yn!UDA!–!yn!gwahardd! rhyngwladol!Cymru,!gan!guro! !!16!Hydref:!Roedd!glowyr!allan!ar! cynhyrchu!a!gwerthu!alcohol.! Lloegr!yn!Highbury.!Bu'n! streic!genedlaethol.! !!Awst:!Cynhaliwyd!y!gemau! chwarae'n!broffesiynol!dros! ! Olympaidd!yn!Antwerp,!gwlad!Belg.! Manchester!United.! !!10!Medi:!Yn!India,!mabwysiadodd! !!Agorodd!Prifysgol!Cymru! plaid!y!Gyngres!genedlaethol!raglen! Abertawe!ei!drysau!i!fyfyrwyr! Gandhi,!sef!peidio!â!chydweithredu! am!y!tro!cyntaf.! â!Llywodraeth!India.!Roedd!hyn! ! wedi'i!seilio!ar!ddull!dicdrais.! !!21!Tachwedd:!Oherwydd!y!lladd!yn! Iwerddon!ar!y!diwrnod!hwn,!cafodd! ei!alw'n!'Bloody!Sunday'.!Ym!Mharc! Croke!yn!Nulyn,!pencadlys!y! Gymdeithas!Campau!Gwyddelig,! cafodd!12!o!bobl!eu!lladd!gan!y! 'Black!and!Tans'!(heddlu!arbennig)! a!milwyr!pan!oedd!gêm!bêlcdroed!ar! fin!dechrau.! ! ! ! ! ! 1921! !!Dangosodd!y!cyfrifiad!gwymp! !!16!Chwefror:!Roedd!dros!1!filiwn!o! !!Iwerddon:!Mwy!o!drais!yn! ! syfrdanol!yn!nifer!a!chanran!y! bobl!yn!ddicwaith!ym!Mhrydain!(gan! Iwerddon!wrth!i'r!Gwyddelod! siaradwyr!Cymraeg!yng! gynnwys!368,000!o!gyncfilwyr).! ymladd!am!ryddid!o!Reolaeth! Nghymru!dros!3!blwydd!oed:!! !!17!Mawrth:!Agorwyd!y!clinig!rheoli! Prydain.! !!1911!–!43.5%!(977,366)! cenhedlu!cyntaf!yn!Llundain.! !!7!Rhagfyr:!Llofnododd!swyddogion! !!1921!–!37.2%!(929,183)! !!15!Mai:!Roedd!hi'n!swyddogol!ei!bod! Prydeinig!a!Gwyddelig!gytundeb!i! ! hi'n!well!gan!fenywod!wisgo!sgertiau! greu!Gweriniaeth!Iwerddon.!! ! byrrach,!gan!ddangos!crothau!eu! Digwyddiad!pwysig!yn!hanes! coesau.! meddygaeth!wrth!ddarganfod!bod! !!10!Mehefin:!Roedd!2.2!miliwn!o!bobl! inswlin!yn!cynnig!gobaith!i'r!rhai!oedd! yn!ddicwaith!ym!Mhrydain.! yn!dioddef!o!ddiabetes.!Frederick! !!25!Mehefin:!Bu'n!bwrw!glaw!ar!ôl! Banting!a!Charles!Best!wnaeth!y! sychder!o!100!niwrnod!ym!Mhrydain.!! darganfyddiad!yng!Nghanada.! !!1!Awst:!Roedd!cynnydd!yn!nifer!y! bobl!oedd!yn!mynd!am!ddiwrnod!i! lan!y!môr.!Daeth!hyn!i'r!amlwg! oherwydd!bod!mwy!o!gardiau!post!o! drefi!glan!môr.! ! ! ! ! ! 1922! !!Cafodd!Urdd!Gobaith!Cymru! !!7!Chwefror:!Roedd!adroddiadau!am! !!16!Mehefin:!Cynhaliwyd!yr! ! Fach!ei!sylfaenu!gan!Ifan!ab! glwy'r!traed!a'r!genau,!ac!arweiniodd! etholiadau!cyntaf!yng!Ngweriniaeth! Owen!Edwards.! hyn!at!ladd!8,500!o!wartheg,!1,000!o! Rydd!Iwerddon.!! !!Dechrau!anfon!Neges!Ewyllys! ddefaid!a!2,500!o!foch.! !!27!Gorffennaf:!Roedd!yr!Almaen!yn! Da!Dros!Heddwch!oddi!wrth! !!22!Mai:!Y!tymheredd!uchaf!yn! methu!dal!ati!i!dalu'r!dyledion! bobl!ifanc!Cymru!i!bob!cenedl! Llundain!am!50!mlynedd!c!88!°F!(31! rhyfel.!Roedd!y!wlad!yn!wynebu! er!mwyn!hyrwyddo!heddwch.! °C)!yn!y!cysgod.! distryw!ac!roedd!y!bobl!yn!dioddef.! ! !!2!Awst:!Bu!farw!Alexander!Graham! !!22!Awst:!Yn!Cork,!saethwyd!Michael! Bell!a!ddyfeisiodd!y!ffôn.!! Collins,!gwleidydd!Gwyddelig!ac! !!14!Awst:!Bu!farw'r!Arglwydd! ymladdwr!dros!Weriniaeth!rydd! Northliffe,!arloesydd!papurau! Iwerddon.! newydd!poblogaidd!a!sylfaenydd!y! !!29!Tachwedd:!Cafwyd!hyd!i! Daily!Mail.!! drysorau!Tutankhamun!yn!Nyffryn! !!18!Hydref:!Cafodd!y!BBC!ei!sefydlu.!! y!Brenhinoedd!yn!yr!Aifft.!! !!25!Hydref:!Bu!farw!George!Cadbury,! cawr!ym!myd!siocled.! ! ! !!30!Tachwedd:!Yn!Munich,!yr! Almaen,!anerchodd!Adolf!Hitler! dyrfa!o!50,000.! ! ! ! ! ! 1923! !!13!Chwefror:!Cafodd!y!Gymraeg! !! 13!Gorffennaf:!Pasiwyd!deddfau!i! !!16!Chwefror:!Dyluniodd!Coco! ! ei!chlywed!ar!y!radio!am!y!tro! wahardd!gwerthu!alcohol!i!unrhyw! Chanel!–!!brenhines!ffasiwn!Ffrainc! cyntaf!yng!Nghymru.! un!o!dan!18!mlwydd!oed.!! –!siwmperi!i!fenywod.!Roedd!ei! ! ! chynlluniau!wedi!gweddnewid! ffasiwn!i!fenywod.! !!16!Medi:!Lladdodd!daeargryn!yn! Tokyo,!Japan,!300,000!o!bobl!a!bu'n! rhaid!i!dros!filiwn!o!bobl!adael!eu! cartrefi.!! ! ! ! ! ! 1924! !!31!Mai:!Bu!farw!David!Ivon! !! 22!Ionawr:!Enillodd!y!blaid!Lafur!yr! !!12!Ionawr:!Bu!farw!Lenin,! ! Jones!o!Aberystwyth!o! etholiad!cyffredinol!yn!llwyr!a!daeth! sylfaenydd!yr!Undeb!Sofietaidd.!! dwbercwlosis!yn!Yalta,!Rwsia.! Ramsay!MacDonald!yn!Brif!Weinidog! !!Gorffennaf:!Cynhaliwyd!gemau! Roedd!yn!gomiwnydd!a! Llafur!cyntaf.!! Olympaidd!Paris.! ymladdodd!yn!ddygn!dros! !! 16!Chwefror:!Roedd!pob!porthladd! ! hawliau!poblogaeth!ddu!De! yn!y!wlad!ar!gau!oherwydd!Streic!y! Affrica.! Docwyr.! !!25!Medi:!Ar!draeth!Pentywyn,! !! 20!Awst:!Cafwyd!cytundeb!oedd!yn! torrodd!Malcolm!Campbell!y! rhoi’r!hawl!i!3,000!teulu!o'r!DU!i! record!am!y!car!cyflymaf!ar!y! ymfudo!i!Ganada!a!byw!ar!ffermydd.! tir,!gan!gyrraedd!cyflymder!o! 146.16!milltir!yr!awr!yn!ei!gar! Sunbeam.! ! ! ! ! ! ! 1925! !! 3!Chwefror:!Claddwyd!Jim! !!18!Mawrth:!Dinistriodd!tân!ddau! !!29!Mehefin:!Yn!Ne!Affrica!daeth! Driscoll,!Pencampwr!Bocsio! lawr!o!amgueddfa!gwaith!cwyr! gwaharddiad!lliw!yn!gyfreithlon,!fel! Pwysau!Plu'r!Byd!yng! Madam!Tussauds!yn!Llundain.!! nad!oedd!pobl!ddu'n!gallu!cael! Nghaerdydd.! !!18!Gorffennaf:!Adroddwyd!bod!10! swyddi!medrus.!! !! Dechreuodd!Clough!Williams! miliwn!o!bobl!yn!gwrando!ar! !!18!Gorffennaf:!Cyhoeddwyd!'Mein! Ellis!ar!y!gwaith!o!greu!pentref! ddarllediadau!radio!ym!Mhrydain.!! Kampf',!llyfr!Hitler.! Eidalaidd!yng!Nghymru.!
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