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Magistrsko Delo UNIVERZA V MARIBORU FILOZOFSKA FAKULTETA Oddelek za sociologijo SAŠA HORVAT MAGISTRSKO DELO Maribor, 2018 UNIVERZA V MARIBORU FILOZOFSKA FAKULTETA Oddelek za sociologijo MAGISTRSKO DELO RAZMERJE MED VLADO IN PARLAMENTOM PO SLOVENSKI UREDITVI IN PRIMERI INTERPELACIJ V 9. VLADI REPUBLIKE SLOVENIJE Mentor: red. prof. dr. Sergej Flere Kandidatka: Saša Horvat Maribor, 2018 UDK: _____________________(podatek posreduje UK PEF) Gesla: vlada, parlament, Združene države Amerike, Francija, Slovenija, interpelacija Lektorica: Milena Furek, prof. slovenščine Prevajalka povzetka: Santina Raner, dipl. sociologinja (UN) in dipl. anglistka (UN) Priloga 6 ‒ IZJAVA O AVTORSTVU IN ISTOVETNOSTI TISKANE IN ELEKTRONSKE OBLIKE ZAKLJUČNEGA DELA UNIVERZA V MARIBORU Filozofska Fakulteta (ime članice UM) IZJAVA O AVTORSTVU IN ISTOVETNOSTI TISKANE IN ELEKTRONSKE OBLIKE ZAKLJUČNEGA DELA Ime in priimek študent‐a/‐ke: Saša Horvat_________________________________________ Študijski program: POUČEVANJE ANGLEŠČINE IN SOCIOLOGIJA________________________ Naslov zaključnega dela: Razmerje med vlado in parlamentom po slovenski ureditvi in primeri interpelacij v 9. vladi Republike Slovenije__________________________________________ Mentor: Sergej Flere Somentor: Podpisan‐i/‐a študent/‐ka Saša Horvat • izjavljam, da je zaključno delo rezultat mojega samostojnega dela, ki sem ga izdelal/‐a ob pomoči mentor‐ja/‐ice oz. somentor‐ja/‐ice; • izjavljam, da sem pridobil/‐a vsa potrebna soglasja za uporabo podatkov in avtorskih del v zaključnem delu in jih v zaključnem delu jasno in ustrezno označil/‐a; • na Univerzo v Mariboru neodplačno, neizključno, prostorsko in časovno neomejeno prenašam pravico shranitve avtorskega dela v elektronski obliki, pravico reproduciranja ter pravico ponuditi zaključno delo javnosti na svetovnem spletu preko DKUM; sem seznanjen/‐a, da bodo dela deponirana/objavljena v DKUM dostopna široki javnosti pod pogoji licence Creative Commons BY‐NC‐ND, kar vključuje tudi avtomatizirano indeksiranje preko spleta in obdelavo besedil za potrebe tekstovnega in podatkovnega rudarjenja in ekstrakcije znanja iz vsebin; uporabnikom se dovoli reproduciranje brez predelave avtorskega dela, distribuiranje, dajanje v najem in priobčitev javnosti samega izvirnega avtorskega dela, in sicer pod pogojem, da navedejo avtorja in da ne gre za komercialno uporabo; • dovoljujem objavo svojih osebnih podatkov, ki so navedeni v zaključnem delu in tej izjavi, skupaj z objavo zaključnega dela; • izjavljam, da je tiskana oblika zaključnega dela istovetna elektronski obliki zaključnega dela, ki sem jo oddal/‐a za objavo v DKUM. Uveljavljam permisivnejšo obliko licence Creative Commons: ________________ (navedite obliko) Začasna nedostopnost: Zaključno delo zaradi zagotavljanja konkurenčne prednosti, zaščite poslovnih skrivnosti, varnosti ljudi in narave, varstva industrijske lastnine ali tajnosti podatkov naročnika: _________________________________________________________(naziv in naslov naročnika/institucije) ne sme biti javno dostopno do ____________________(datum odloga javne objave ne sme biti daljši kot 3 leta od zagovora dela). To se nanaša na tiskano in elektronsko obliko zaključnega dela. Temporary unavailability: To ensure competition priority, protection of trade secrets, safety of people and nature, protection of industrial property or secrecy of customer's information, the thesis (institution/company name and address) must not be accessible to the public till (delay date of thesis availability to the public must not exceed the period of 3 years after thesis defense). This applies to printed and electronic thesis forms. Datum in kraj: Podpis študent‐a/‐ke: Podpis mentor‐ja/‐ice: (samo v primeru, če delo ne sme biti javno dostopno) Ime in priimek ter podpis odgovorne osebe naročnika in žig: (samo v primeru, če delo ne sme biti javno dostopno) RAZMERJE MED VLADO IN PARLAMENTOM PO SLOVENSKI UREDITVI IN PRIMERI INTERPELACIJ V 9. VLADI REPUBLIKE SLOVENIJE POVZETEK Prvi del magistrske naloge zajema razlago ustavnih ureditev treh držav, Združenih držav Amerike, Francije in Slovenije, ter instrumente in institucije, podobne slovenski interpelaciji. Ustavne ureditve so vključene zaradi razumevanja razmerja med parlamentom in vlado, saj to igra ključno vlogo pri sprožitvi procesa interpelacije ter pri postavljanju poslanskih vprašanj. Interpelacija po slovenski ureditvi pomeni formalno vloženo pisno vprašanje skupine deset ali več poslancev z namenom, da bi odstavili bodisi ministra ali vlado. Interpelacija je orodje opozicije, da izpostavi trenutno oblast in jo postavi v položaj, kjer se mora javno zagovarjati. V ta kontekst so postavljeni primeri interpelacije v Sloveniji, ker so primer dejanskega nadzora parlamenta nad delovanjem vlade. Interpelacij se je v naši 26 let stari državi zgodilo kar nekaj, za magistrsko delo smo izbrali obdobje devete vlade Republike Slovenije, ki jo je vodil Borut Pahor. V času od novembra 2008 do februarja 2012 so se zgodile štiri interpelacije, ki so dober primer tega, kako je delovalo določeno ministrstvo v tistem obdobju, kakšen je bil sproten pritisk parlamenta na vlado in stališče opozicije do takratne oblasti. Z najprej opisanim razmerjem med parlamentom in vlado ter s primerjavo z drugimi državami smo pojasnili razmerje v slovenski ureditvi, nato pa s primeri interpelacije prikazali, kako to razmerje deluje v praksi. KLJUČNE BESEDE Združene države Amerike, kongres, predsednik države, razmerja, delitev oblasti, Francija, Slovenija, parlament, vlada, interpelacija ABSTRACT The first part of the thesis consists of the overview of constitutional orders from three states: United States of America, France and Slovenia with the instruments and institutions similar to Slovenian interpellation. Constitutional orders are included because of the easier understanding of relationship between the Parliament and Government, which is crucial for the initiation of the interpellation process and for asking the parliamentary questions. Under the Slovenian constitution interpellation means a formal written question handed in by a group of ten or more members of the parliament with the intent to remove the minister or the government from its position. Interpellation is the instrument of the opposition, to call the coalition in question. In this context we have included the actual cases of interpellation in Slovenia, because they represent the control of Parliament above the work of Government. In our 26 years old country, there has been a significant number of interpellations, and the selected period is the ninth Government of Republic of Slovenia, which was under a leadership of Borut Pahor. In this precise time, from November 2008 to February 2012, four interpellations were processed, which show a good example of how a specific Ministry worked at the time, and what was the consistent pressure of Parliament on the Government, and the position of opposition towards the leadership at that time. With firstly described correlation between Parliament and Government and with the comparison with other countries, we have explained a relationship in Slovenian constitutional order, and afterwards I have presented how this relationship practically works with the cases of interpellations. KEY WORDS United States of America, Congress, President of the state, relationship, the division of power, France, Slovenia, Parliament, Government, interpellation. KAZALO VSEBINE 1 UVOD .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 NAMEN ............................................................................................................ 4 1.2 RAZISKOVALNE HIPOTEZE ........................................................................ 4 1.3 METODOLOGIJA ............................................................................................ 5 1.3.1 RAZISKOVALNE METODE ......................................................... 5 1.3.2 UPORABLJENI VIRI ..................................................................... 5 2 OBRAVNAVA TEME ........................................................................................ 6 2.1 DRŽAVNA UREDITEV ZDRUŽENIH DRŽAV AMERIKE .......... 6 2.2 NAČELO DELITVE OBLASTI V ZDRUŽENIH DRŽAVAH AMERIKE ................................................................................................ 6 2.2.1 Kongres ............................................................................................ 7 2.2.2 Predsednik Združenih držav Amerike ............................................ 9 2.3 'IMPEACHMENT' ............................................................................ 10 2.4 DRŽAVNA UREDITEV FRANCIJE .............................................. 14 2.4.1 Predsednik republike ...................................................................... 15 2.4.2 Vlada in parlament ........................................................................ 16 2.5 INTERPELACIJA V FRANCIJI ..................................................... 18 2.6 DRŽAVNA UREDITEV SLOVENIJE ............................................ 23 2.6.1 Predsednik republike ..................................................................... 24 2.6.2 Parlament ....................................................................................... 25 2.6.2.1 Državni zbor................................................................................ 27 2.6.2.2 Državni svet ............................................................................... 29 2.6.3 Vlada .............................................................................................
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