DOCSLIB.ORG

2005-7-Huysbou Stevin.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2005-7-Huysbou Stevin.Pdf Simon Stevin (-) was one of the leading scholars of his day. As a scientist Charles van den Heuvel and engineer, he carved a career for himself in the breakaway Dutch Republic of ‘De Huysbou’ the Northern Low Countries, developing theoretical innovations in mathematics and physics as well as practical innovations in civil engineering and military tech- A reconstruction of an unfi nished treatise on nology. Less well known is the project that Stevin worked on during the last twenty years of his life, a treatise on architecture and town planning. The earliest mention architecture, town planning and civil engineering of Huysbou occurs in the fi rst volume of Stevin’s work on mathematics and other by Simon Stevin natural sciences, Wisconstighe Ghedachtenissen (‘Mathematical Memoirs’), published in . This book deals with Stevin’s unfi nished, and until now only partly revealed architectural treatise. A fi rst attempt has made to recreate the envisaged Huysbou as accurately as possible. Huysbou will shed new light on the Dutch contribution to European architectural theory from the seventeenth century onwards, and in addition provide rich new source material for the history of science. ‘De Huysbou’ Charles van den Heuvel 77461-04_Huysbou_omslag.indd461-04_Huysbou_omslag.indd 1 114-11-20054-11-2005 008:28:198:28:19 ‘De Huysbou’ 7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk i 14-11-200514-11-2005 08:29:5408:29:54 History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands, volume The series History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands presents studies on a variety of subjects in the history of science, scholarship and academic institu- tions in the Netherlands. Titles in this series . Rienk Vermij, The Calvinist Copernicans. The reception of the new astronomy in the Dutch Republic, -. , --- . Gerhard Wiesenfeldt, Leerer Raum in Minervas Haus. Experimentelle Naturlehre an der Universität Leiden, -. , --- . Rina Knoeff, Herman Boerhaave (-). Calvinist chemist and physician. , --- . Johanna Levelt Sengers, How fl uids unmix. Discoveries by the School of Van der Waals and Kamerlingh Onnes. , --- . Jacques L.R. Touret and Robert P.W. Visser, editors, Dutch pioneers of the earth sciences, , --- . Renée E. Kistemaker, Natalya P. Kopaneva, Debora J. Meijers and Georgy Vilinbakhov, editors, The Paper Museum of the Academy of Sciences in St Peterburg (c. 1725-1760), Introduction and Interpretation, , ---, ---, Book and --- . Charles van den Heuvel, ‘De Huysbou’. A reconstruction of an unfi nished treatise on architecture, town planning and civil engineering by Simon Stevin, , -- - Editorial Board K. van Berkel, University of Groningen W.Th.M. Frijhoff, Free University of Amsterdam A. van Helden, Utrecht University W.E. Krul, University of Groningen A. de Swaan, Amsterdam School of Sociological Research R.P.W. Visser, Utrecht University 7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk iiii 14-11-200514-11-2005 08:29:5508:29:55 ‘De Huysbou’ A reconstruction of an unfi nished treatise on architecture, town planning and civil engineering by Simon Stevin Charles van den Heuvel Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Amsterdam 7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk iiiiii 14-11-200514-11-2005 08:29:5508:29:55 Copyright © Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo- copying, recording or othetwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Information and orders: Edita P.O. Box , Amsterdam, the Netherlands + + [email protected], www.knaw.nl/edita --- The paper in this publication meets the requirements of « -norm () for permanence. The English translation of this book was made possible by a subsidy of the (Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek/ Netherlands Organisation for Scientifi c Research). Translated by D. Gardner, N. Gatehouse, S. Herman and J. Rudge. 7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk iviv 14-11-200514-11-2005 08:29:5508:29:55 For Janet and Louise 7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk v 14-11-200514-11-2005 08:29:5508:29:55 7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk7461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk vivi 14-11-200514-11-2005 08:29:5608:29:56 Contents Acknowledgements ix Foreword ’ . Stevin and the origins of his Huysbou . Stevin’s ideas about symmetry and order . Building methods and patents . Water: ally and adversary . Stevin and the representation of architecture . Stevin’s contribution to the theory of architecture . New writings on architecture ’ : . The history of Huysbou . The fi rst Huysbou reconstructions . The reconstruction of Huysbou . Contents of Stevin’s Huysbou ‘ ’ On the like-sidedness of buildings On underground structures On façades On stairs On ceilings and vaults On roofs On the layout of the parts of a house, such as rooms, courtyards, galleries, gardens, blocks and fi nally of the parts of a room 77461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk viivii 114-11-20054-11-2005 08:29:5608:29:56 On the layout of towns — Various notes/ Various notes about masonry, carpentry, forging and smoke — Notes on Serlio and others/ Concerning some discourses Appendices: Texts, notes and lists of contents Fragments of text intended for Huysbou A Isaac Beeckman: De Huysbouw van Stevin gecompendieert in blaren B Hendrick Stevin: Eenighe stucken der Crychconst Beschreven deur Simon Stevin C Constantijn Huygens: manuscripts (adversaria) Fragments of text on architecture not written for Huysbou D Statements by Stevin about architecture not meant for Huysbou Notes relevant to the reconstruction of Huysbou E Notes on the unfi nished Huysbou Lists of contents F Beeckman’s list of manuscripts by Simon Stevin G Isaac Beeckman: Hoofdstucken ende deelen des Huysbouws H Hendrick Stevin: contents of manuscript ‘Vande oirdening der Steden’ I Hendrick Stevin: ‘I Onderscheyt vande oirdeningh der Steden’ and ‘Byvough Der Stedenoirdeningh, vande Oirdeningh der Deelen eens Huys met ’t gheene daer ancleeft’ J Hendrick Stevin: Tytels en cortbegrypen, vanden Huysbou K Ed Taverne: Architecturae domesticae stevini synopsis Glossary of architectural terms Bibliography Photographic credits Index 77461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk viiiviii 114-11-20054-11-2005 08:29:5608:29:56 Acknowledgements Professor Ed Taverne of Rijksuniversiteit Groningen fi rst explored the pos- sibility of reconstructing Simon Stevin’s Huysbou in . In his article, ‘Ar- chitecturae Domesticae Stevini Synopsis’, he expressed the hope that his ef- forts would encourage further research into the contents of familiar and as yet unknown fragments of Stevin’s treatise on town planning and architec- ture with the eventual purpose of producing an integral publication. In Netherlands Organisation for Scientifi c Research (NWO) made a three-year grant available for an annotated publication of Stevin’s Huysbou texts. I am grateful to Professor Taverne for having entrusted me with the completion of the reconstruction and hope that, despite our differences in approach and interpretation, my endeavours nevertheless correspond to some extent to his original vision. Professor Klaas van Berkel (University of Groningen) supplied invaluable comments on scientifi c-historical aspects of the discussion of Stevin’s treat- ment of architecture, for which I am especially grateful. Dr. H. Janse offered advice on the compilation of the glossary. I would also like to thank Professor Koen Ottenheym (University Utrecht) and Professor Krista De Jonge (Catho- lic University of Louvain) for the interest they have shown in my research. Always very enthusiastic were the comments of Professor Jozef T. Devreese (University of Antwerp, Technical University Eindhoven), born in Stevin’s place of birth, Bruges. Apart from their fi nancial backing for this research, I would also like to thank the NWO for providing the subsidy that made the translation of the published text possible. In addition, I would like to thank Drs. Piet van Slooten, former director of the Humanities section of this organisation for providing organisational support. I also extend my gratitude to the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) for fi nancing the production of the publication and of additional translation and editing costs. Professor Dr W. Frijhoff campaigned to encourage this organisation to publish this work on Stevin, while Drs. Yola de Lusenet, head of the institution’s editorial staff, supervised the organisation of the production. D. Gardner, N. Gatehouse, 77461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk461-04_Huysbou_voorwerk ixix 114-11-20054-11-2005 08:29:5608:29:56 S. Herman and J. Rudge provided the translations. I am most grateful for Sam Herman’s efforts in turning the draft manuscript into a readable book. Finally, I would like to thank my wife, Janet Armstrong, for her contribu- tion to the preparation and layout of the manuscript which was originally pre- sented to NWO in November . Since the completion of the manuscript many valuable publications came out. It was not always possible anymore to incoperate the results in this book, let alone my own new insights, since the text was already translated many years ago before a lenghty process of editing started. For these publications I have to refer to the bibliography which I have tried to update as much as possible. Concerning my hypothesis for the recon- struction of the Huysbou, I
Load more

Recommended publications
  • How Fluids Unmix. Discoveries by the School of Van Der Waals and Kamerlingh Onnes, ,  ---
    4671 Sengers Voorwerkb 23-09-2002 09:17 Pagina I How fluids unmix 4671 Sengers Voorwerkb 23-09-2002 09:17 Pagina II History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands, volume The series History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands presents studies on a variety of subjects in the history of science, scholarship and academic insti- tutions in the Netherlands. Titles in this series . Rienk Vermij, The Calvinist Copernicans. The reception of the new astronomy in the Dutch Republic, -. , --- . Gerhard Wiesenfeldt, Leerer Raum in Minervas Haus. Experimentelle Natur- lehre an der Universität Leiden, -. , --- . Rina Knoeff, Herman Boerhaave (-). Calvinist chemist and physician. , --- . Johanna Levelt Sengers, How fluids unmix. Discoveries by the School of Van der Waals and Kamerlingh Onnes, , --- Editorial Board K. van Berkel, University of Groningen W.Th.M. Frijhoff, Free University of Amsterdam A. van Helden, Utrecht University W.E. Krul, University of Groningen A. de Swaan, Amsterdam School of Sociological Research R.P.W. Visser, Utrecht University 4671 Sengers Voorwerkb 23-09-2002 09:17 Pagina III How fluids unmix Discoveries by the School of Van derWaals and Kamerlingh Onnes Johanna Levelt Sengers , Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Amsterdam 4671 Sengers Voorwerkb 23-09-2002 09:17 Pagina IV © Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo- copying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Edita , P.O. BOX , Amsterdam, the Netherlands [email protected], www.knaw.nl/edita --- The paper in this publication meets the requirements of « -norm () for permanence This study was undertaken with the support of the Koninklijke Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen (‘Royal Holland Society of Sciences and Humanities’) as part of its 250th anniver- sary celebrations in 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 2 Telecardiology
    Chapter 2 Telecardiology Among the clinical disciplines, the widest use of telemedicine in the twentieth century has been in cardiology. The main reason for this is the necessity of urgent diagnosis of acute pathology of the cardiovascular system, especially with the involvement of high-level experts. At the other hand, telemetry of electrocardiosignals (ECS or ECG) for the remote interpretation and analysis was most consistent with the technical capabilities of electrical engineering in the last century. 2.1. Early Stage of Telecardiology (Contributing co-authors O. Stadnyk, M. Karlinska) Most researchers consider March 22, 1905 as the birthday of telemedicine. On this day, in The Netherlands, Wilhelm Einthoven, professor of physiology at Leiden University, and Professor Johannes Bosscha, Director of the Delft University of Technology, transmitted a regular electrocardiogram Fig. 2.1. Wilhelm Einthoven and Johannes Bosscha and phonocardiogrammes via an protected telephone cable at a distance of about 1500 meters from the University Hospital to the physiological laboratory at W. Einthoven’s house (Fig. 2.1) (Einthoven, 1906). Einthoven is considered one of the main founders of electrocardiography. For this invention he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1924. The basic technological component of Einthoven's electrocardiograph was the so-called string galvanometer. It was a very accurate and qualitative, but rather cumbersome device mounted in his home laboratory (Fig. 2.2 - 2.3). As technology developed, the ECG registrations of patients with various diseases became of greater interest, but to move the string galvanometer to the clinic was an almost impossible task. Then Professor Johannes Bosscha suggested using a remote broadcasting, which enabled to examine patients in the clinic with a device that was physically located at a distance of 1.5 kilometres (Barold, 2003; Einthoven, 1906; Miami Fire Department’s First 57 Paramedic Program 1967; Taylor et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Paul Ehrenfest. Worstelingen Met De Moderne Wetenschap, 1912-1933
    Paul Ehrenfest : worstelingen met de moderne wetenschap, 1912-1933 Hollestelle, M.J. Citation Hollestelle, M. J. (2011, February 17). Paul Ehrenfest : worstelingen met de moderne wetenschap, 1912-1933. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/16499 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) License: Leiden University Non-exclusive license Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/16499 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). Paul Ehrenfest. Worstelingen met de moderne wetenschap, 1912-1933 Ontwerp omslag: Maedium, Utrecht Omslagafbeelding: Portret van Prof. dr. Paulus Ehrenfest, schilderij door Harm Kamerlingh Onnes, 1920 (Foto: Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam) Ontwerp binnenwerk: M.J. Hollestelle ISBN 978 90 8728 122 9 NUR 685 © M. Hollestelle / Leiden University Press, 2011 Alle rechten voorbehouden. Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand, of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch, door fotokopieën, opnamen of enige andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. Voorzover het maken van kopieën uit deze uitgave is toegestaan op grond van artikel 16B Auteurswet 1912 jº het Besluit van 20 juni 1974, Stb. 351, zoals gewijzigd bij het Besluit van 23 augustus 1985, Stb. 471 en artikel 17 Auteurswet 1912, dient men de daarvoor wettelijk verschuldigde vergoedingen te voldoen aan de Stichting Reprorecht (Postbus 3051, 2130 KB Hoofddorp). Voor het overnemen van gedeelte(n) uit deze uitgave in bloemlezingen, readers en andere compilatiewerken (artikel 16 Auteurswet 1912) dient men zich tot de uitgever te wenden. Paul Ehrenfest. Worstelingen met de moderne wetenschap, 1912-1933 PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof.
    [Show full text]
  • How Fluids Unmix 4671 Sengers Voorwerkb 23-09-2002 09:17 Pagina II
    4671 Sengers Voorwerkb 23-09-2002 09:17 Pagina I How fluids unmix 4671 Sengers Voorwerkb 23-09-2002 09:17 Pagina II History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands, volume The series History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands presents studies on a variety of subjects in the history of science, scholarship and academic insti- tutions in the Netherlands. Titles in this series . Rienk Vermij, The Calvinist Copernicans. The reception of the new astronomy in the Dutch Republic, -. , --- . Gerhard Wiesenfeldt, Leerer Raum in Minervas Haus. Experimentelle Natur- lehre an der Universität Leiden, -. , --- . Rina Knoeff, Herman Boerhaave (-). Calvinist chemist and physician. , --- . Johanna Levelt Sengers, How fluids unmix. Discoveries by the School of Van der Waals and Kamerlingh Onnes, , --- Editorial Board K. van Berkel, University of Groningen W.Th.M. Frijhoff, Free University of Amsterdam A. van Helden, Utrecht University W.E. Krul, University of Groningen A. de Swaan, Amsterdam School of Sociological Research R.P.W. Visser, Utrecht University 4671 Sengers Voorwerkb 23-09-2002 09:17 Pagina III How fluids unmix Discoveries by the School of Van derWaals and Kamerlingh Onnes Johanna Levelt Sengers , Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Amsterdam 4671 Sengers Voorwerkb 23-09-2002 09:17 Pagina IV © Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo- copying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Edita , P.O. BOX , Amsterdam, the Netherlands [email protected], www.knaw.nl/edita --- The paper in this publication meets the requirements of « -norm () for permanence This study was undertaken with the support of the Koninklijke Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen (‘Royal Holland Society of Sciences and Humanities’) as part of its 250th anniver- sary celebrations in 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • Nummer Archiefinventaris: 2.21.281.22
    Nummer archiefinventaris: 2.21.281.22 Inventaris van het archief van het Indisch Thee- en Familiearchief Van der Hucht, c.s., 1722-2016 Karel A. van der Hucht Nationaal Archief, Den Haag (c) 2016 This finding aid is written in Dutch. 2.21.281.22 Hucht, van der 3 INHOUDSOPGAVE Beschrijving van het archief......................................................................................7 Aanwijzingen voor de gebruiker................................................................................................8 Openbaarheidsbeperkingen.......................................................................................................8 Beperkingen aan het gebruik......................................................................................................8 Aanvraaginstructie...................................................................................................................... 8 Citeerinstructie............................................................................................................................ 8 Archiefvorming...........................................................................................................................9 Geschiedenis van de archiefvormer............................................................................................9 Geschiedenis van het archiefbeheer...........................................................................................9 Inhoud en structuur van het archief..........................................................................................11
    [Show full text]
  • Clio's Stiefkind
    Clio's stiefkind E.J. Dijksterhuis samengesteld door K. van Berkel bron E.J. Dijksterhuis, Clio's stiefkind (samenstelling K. van Berkel). Bert Bakker, Amsterdam 1990 Zie voor verantwoording: http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/dijk027clio01/colofon.htm © 2007 dbnl / K. van Berkel en erven E.J. Dijksterhuis 7 Verantwoording Onder de titel Clio's stiefkind is hier een aantal artikelen bijeengebracht van de Nederlandse wetenschapshistoricus E.J. Dijksterhuis (1892-1965). Het doel van deze uitgave is tweeledig: enerzijds wil zij een kennismaking bieden met het werk van een belangrijke Nederlandse geleerde, die ten onrechte alleen bekend is door zijn meesterwerk De mechanisering van het wereldbeeld, anderzijds wil zij de aandacht vestigen op de rol die de bij velen nog altijd ondergewaardeerde wetenschapsgeschiedenis kan spelen bij het overbruggen van de kloof tussen de literaire en de technisch-natuurwetenschappelijke cultuur. De wens om met behulp van de wetenschapsgeschiedenis de kloof tussen de twee culturen te overbruggen is bepalend geweest voor leven en werk van Dijksterhuis en loopt als een rode draad door de hier opgenomen essays heen. Ook in de vorm van de essays komt dat streven naar harmonie tussen de twee culturen tot uiting: zonder dat ze onmiddellijk tot ‘de’ literatuur gerekend kunnen worden vertonen ze onmiskenbaar literaire kwaliteiten. Ook dat is een reden aandacht te geven aan het werk van Dijksterhuis. Om dat werk voor de hedendaagse lezer toegankelijk te maken, waren enkele bewerkingen nodig. De eenvoudigste betrof de spelling. Dijksterhuis was behoudend als het ging om het hervormen van de spelling, maar er is van hem geen uitlating bekend waaruit zou kunnen blijken dat hij meende dat vereenvoudiging van de spelling schadelijk zou kunnen zijn voor datgene wat hij wilde zeggen.
    [Show full text]
  • Anne Kox JAPES 1..216
    Physics as a Calling, Science for Society Physics as a Calling, Science for Society Studies in Honour of A.J. Kox Edited by Ad Maas and Henriëtte Schatz LEIDEN Publications The publication of this book has been made possible by grants from the Institute for Theoretical Physics of the University of Amsterdam, Stichting Pieter Zeeman- fonds, Stichting Physica and the Einstein Papers Project at the California Institute of Technology. Leiden University Press English-language titles are distributed in the US and Canada by the University of Chicago Press. Cover illustration: Albert Einstein and Hendrik Antoon Lorentz, photographed by Paul Ehrenfest in front of his home in Leiden in 1921. Source: Museum Boerhaave, Leiden. Cover design: Sander Pinkse Boekproducties Layout: JAPES, Amsterdam ISBN 978 90 8728 198 4 e-ISBN 978 94 0060 156 7 (pdf) e-ISBN 978 94 0060 157 4 (e-pub) NUR 680 © A. Maas, H. Schatz / Leiden University Press, 2013 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the author of the book. Contents Preface 7 Kareljan Schoutens Introduction 9 1 Astronomers and the making of modern physics 15 Frans van Lunteren 2 The drag coefficient from Fresnel to Laue 47 Michel Janssen 3 The origins of the Korteweg-De Vries equation: Collaboration between Korteweg and De Vries 61 Bastiaan Willink 4 A note on Einstein’s Scratch Notebook of 1910-1913 81 Diana K.
    [Show full text]
  • Anne Kox JAPES 1..216
    Physics as a Calling, Science for Society Studies in Honour of A.J. Kox Edited by Ad Maas and Henriëtte Schatz LEIDEN Publications The publication of this book has been made possible by grants from the Institute for Theoretical Physics of the University of Amsterdam, Stichting Pieter Zeeman- fonds, Stichting Physica and the Einstein Papers Project at the California Institute of Technology. Leiden University Press English-language titles are distributed in the US and Canada by the University of Chicago Press. Cover illustration: Albert Einstein and Hendrik Antoon Lorentz, photographed by Paul Ehrenfest in front of his home in Leiden in 1921. Source: Museum Boerhaave, Leiden. Cover design: Sander Pinkse Boekproducties Layout: JAPES, Amsterdam ISBN 978 90 8728 198 4 e-ISBN 978 94 0060 156 7 (pdf) e-ISBN 978 94 0060 157 4 (e-pub) NUR 680 © A. Maas, H. Schatz / Leiden University Press, 2013 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the author of the book. Contents Preface 7 Kareljan Schoutens Introduction 9 1 Astronomers and the making of modern physics 15 Frans van Lunteren 2 The drag coefficient from Fresnel to Laue 47 Michel Janssen 3 The origins of the Korteweg-De Vries equation: Collaboration between Korteweg and De Vries 61 Bastiaan Willink 4 A note on Einstein’s Scratch Notebook of 1910-1913 81 Diana K.
    [Show full text]
  • In Het Voetspoor Van Stevin. Geschiedenis Van De Natuurwetenschap in Nederland 1580-1940
    In het voetspoor van Stevin. Geschiedenis van de natuurwetenschap in Nederland 1580-1940 K. van Berkel bron K. van Berkel, In het voetspoor van Stevin. Geschiedenis van de natuurwetenschap in Nederland 1580-1940. Boom, Meppel / Amsterdam 1985 Zie voor verantwoording: http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/berk003voet01_01/colofon.htm © 2007 dbnl / K. van Berkel 7 Voorwoord Wetenschap en zeker natuurwetenschap is een internationale aangelegenheid, wetenschappelijke ideeën storen zich niet aan nationale grenzen en politieke scheidslijnen. Een bepaalde theorie mag hier eens eerder zijn aangenomen dan daar, maar nergens in de geschiedenis van de natuurwetenschap vindt men voorbeelden van op zichzelf correcte denkbeelden die blijvend binnen zekere geografische grenzen zijn gebleven. Natuurwetten zijn overal hetzelfde. Wat kan dan de reden zijn van het schrijven van de geschiedenis van de natuurwetenschap in Nederland? Als bovenstaande overwegingen juist zijn, bestaat er immers geen eigen Nederlandse natuurwetenschap. Nu laten historici - en dat is een begin van antwoord - zich in het algemeen niet afschrikken door dergelijke zuiver theoretische bezwaren. Hun werkwijze wordt gekenmerkt door een zekere mate van pragmatisme, dat vaak pas achteraf zijn theoretische rechtvaardiging vindt. Kijkend naar andere subdisciplines van de cultuurgeschiedenis vraagt de historicus zich af: waarom wordt bij de wetenschapsgeschiedenis voor onmogelijk gehouden wat bij de kunstgeschiedenis kennelijk wel mogelijk is? Is de wetenschapsgeschiedenis zo anders dat de beschrijving van de ontwikkeling van de natuurwetenschap in één land onmogelijk is? Heeft het oude positivistische denkbeeld dat de wetenschap zich door haar cumulatieve karakter wezenlijk onderscheidt van de andere uitingen van de menselijke cultuur de laatste jaren niet veel van zijn overtuigingskracht verloren? Daar komt bij dat de geschiedenis wel degelijk voorbeelden te zien geeft van wat wel heet ‘nationale stijlen’ op natuurwetenschappelijk gebied.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 5 Computational Telediagnosis and Development of Clinical Telemedicine
    Chapter 5 Computational Telediagnosis and Development of Clinical Telemedicine 5.1. Main Achievements of Computational Telediagnosis in the Middle of the 20th Century In the late 1970s, a new line of research was formed that can be called conventionally as "computational telediagnosis". It was supposed to use the remote transmission of certain medical information for its automated analysis by a computer machine for the purpose of diagnosis, screening and monitoring. This idea was successfully realized in the field of telecardiology and partly in tele-EEG (as specifically described in the relevant sections), but there were some achievements in other disciplines as well. In the USSR, a number of research teams developed computer systems with data entry over telephone communication channels, and feedback (formalized conclusion) sent by teletype. Such tools of "computing telediagnosis" were developed by Yu. I. Barashnev, I. M. Beskrovnyy, M. P. Vilyanskyy, R. I. Dubov, B. D. Zhigarev, M. V. Zhilinskaya, N. I. Moiseeva, N. V. Fentsov and others in the fields of clinical genetics, traumatology, emergency, surgery, paediatrics, neurosurgery and laboratory diagnostics (Barashnev Yu., et al. 1979; Beskrovnyy I. et al., 1979; Vilyanskyy M. et al., 1979; Dubov R. et al., 1979; Zhigarev B., 1979; Zhigarev B. et al., 1979; Moiseeva N. et al., 1979; Fentsov N.et al., 1979) (Fig. 5.1-5.2). Fig. 5.1 Ivan M. Beskrovnyy Fig. 5.2 Yuri I. Barashnev 251 The extent of implementation varied from conceptual ideas to entirely working systems with fully proven efficiency. The most striking practical implementation of the "computing telediagnosis" concept was recorded in Yaroslavl.
    [Show full text]
  • Freezing Physics. Heike Kamerlingh Onnes and the Quest for Cold, 2007, Isbn 978-90-6984-519-7
    Freezing physics 0311-07_Kamerlingh_Voorwerk.indd1 1 26-11-2007 16:45:51 History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands, volume 10 The series History of Science and Scholarship in the Netherlands presents studies on a variety of subjects in the history of science, scholarship and academic institutions in the Netherlands. Titles in this series 1. Rienk Vermij, The Calvinist Copernicans. The reception of the new astronomy in the Dutch Republic, 1575-1750. 2002, isbn 90-6984-340-4 2. Gerhard Wiesenfeldt, Leerer Raum in Minervas Haus. Experimentelle Naturlehre an der Universität Leiden, 1675-1715, 2002, isbn 90-6984-339-0 3. Rina Knoeff, Herman Boerhaave (1668-1738). Calvinist chemist and physician. 2002, isbn 90-6984-342-0 4. Johanna Levelt Sengers, How fluids unmix. Discoveries by the School of Van der Waals and Kamerlingh Onnes. 2002, isbn 90-6984-357-9 5. Jacques L.R. Touret and Robert P.W. Visser, editors, Dutch pioneers of the earth sciences, 2004, isbn 90-6984-389-7 6. Renée E. Kistemaker, Natalya P. Kopaneva, Debora J. Meijers and Georgy Vilinbakhov, editors, The Paper Museum of the Academy of Sciences in St Peterburg (c. 1725-1760), Introduction and Interpretation, 2005, isbn 90-6984-424-9, isbn dvd 90-6984-425-7, isbn Book and dvd 90-6984-426-5 7. Charles van den Heuvel, ‘De Huysbou’. A reconstruction of an unfinished treatise on architecture, town planning and civil engineering by Simon Stevin, 2005, isbn 90-6984- 432-x 8. Florike Egmond, Paul Hoftijzer and Robert P.W. Visser, editors, Carolus Clusius. Towards a cultural history of a Renaissance naturalist, 2007, isbn 978-90- 6984-506-7 9.
    [Show full text]