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COLORADO CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY MANUAL Guidelines for Identification: History and Archaeology

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COLORADO CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY MANUAL Guidelines for Identification: History and Archaeology COLORADO CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY MANUAL Guidelines for Identification: History and Archaeology Mitchell Springs Ruin Group (ca. 800-1250) Montezuma County Nordlund House (1938-9), Denver Revised 2007 OFFICE of ARCHAEOLOGY and HISTORIC PRESERVATION COLORADO CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY MANUAL Guidelines for Identification: History and Archaeology Revised 2007 © 2007 HISTORY COLORADO OFFICE of ARCHAEOLOGY and HISTORIC PRESERVATION 1200 Broadway Denver, CO 80203 www.historycolorado.org/oahp The activity which is the subject of this material has been financed in part with Federal funds from the National Historic Preservation Act, administered by the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior and for the Colorado Historical Society. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of the Interior or the Society, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute an endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior or the Society. This program receives Federal funds from the National Park Service. Regulations of the U.S. Department of the Interior strictly prohibit unlawful discrimination in departmental Federally assisted programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, age or handicap. Any person who believes he or she has been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility operated by a recipient of Federal assistance should write to: Director, Equal Opportunity Program U.S. Department of the Interior 1849 C Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20240 This activity was also partially funded by the State Historical Fund, a program of the Colorado Historical Society. Cover Illustrations Mitchell Springs Ruin Group Colorado State Register of Historic Properties Nomination October 22, 1999, by Donald E. Dove Nordlund House National Register of Historic Places Registration Form August 12, 1996, by Elizabeth Rada Carver Summary of Changes: Colorado Cultural Resource Survey Manual Revised 2007 Version The Colorado Cultural Resource Survey Manual was substantially rewritten prior to the release of the Revised 2005 version. When this document was reprinted in 2006 a few minor changes were made and a Summary of Changes page was produced for insertion into the front of the Revised 2005 version of the manual. The same approach was followed for the 2007 reprinting of the survey manual. Therefore, the date on the cover of the survey manual now reads Revised 2007. Owners of the Revised 2005 or Revised 2006 versions do not need to purchase a new survey manual. Instead they are encouraged to print this page detailing the 2007 changes and insert it into the copy of the manual they already have. Revised 2007 changes: Hard-copy versions of Volume II, containing the Colorado Cultural Resource Survey forms and instructions, are no longer being produced. All survey forms and instructions are available online at www.historycolorado.org/oahp/survey-inventory-forms. All previous references to Volume II now provide the website address instead. p. 3 – The Purpose and Organization of this Manual: New text at end of the first paragraph informs readers of the existence of The Camera & Clipboard newsletter devoted to historical & architectural survey topics and provides the website address www.historycolorado.org/oahp/camera-clipboard). p. 16 – Conduct a File Search: Insertion of website address (www.historycolorado.org/oahp/file-search-questions) for more information regarding OAHP file searches. p. 19 - Step 5: Secure Necessary Permits/Permission from Landowners: New text for clarification regarding owner permission and historical & architectural survey projects: ―This situation (need for owner permission to enter private property) occurs most often, for historical & architectural surveys, either in rural areas or where large complexes such as ranch properties, resorts, and college campuses are being documented. Historical & architectural survey work which can be completed from the public right-of-way does not require owner permission, although owner notification is highly recommended.‖ p 22 – Step 7: Conduct the Fieldwork – Which Form to Use Table: The ‗x‘ for Prehistoric Archaeological Component Form (#1401) has been removed from the entry for Historic Architecture (for use when recording historical properties when historic archaeological resources* are recorded or evaluated). This chart also features an additional note after the asterisk (*): If prehistoric resources are present at the site, then a Prehistoric Archaeological Component Form (#1401) must be completed. p. 56 – Step 11: Prepare the Report – Evaluation and Recommendations – Discuss applicable National Register of Historic Places Criteria: The previous note, ―IFs cannot be eligible for the National Register and cannot be recommended for further work. Only sites or districts that are eligible or potentially eligible can be recommended for further work (including monitoring and avoidance)‖ has been replaced with new text which states, ―Because of the limited information provided on an IF form, SHPO staff will invariably find these resources not eligible. If you are recommending the resource be eligible or are recommending further work, the resource needs to be documented on the appropriate form.‖ Table of Contents PART I INTRODUCTION The Cultural Resources of Colorado ...............................................................................................1 The Purpose and Organization of this Manual.................................................................................3 PART II MAJOR STEPS FOR CONDUCTING A CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY Introduction to the Steps .................................................................................................................4 Step 1 Review the Cultural Resource Survey Manual ....................................................5 Step 2 Define the Purpose of the Survey Definition of a Cultural Resource Survey .................................................................6 Purpose of a Cultural Resource Survey .....................................................................7 Project-Specific Goals ...............................................................................................7 Step 3 Fund the Survey Survey Funding Overview .........................................................................................8 Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act .............................................8 Certified Local Governments (CLGs) .......................................................................9 State Historical Fund (SHF) ......................................................................................9 National Park Service Matching Grants-in-Aid ........................................................9 Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) ..................................................10 Step 4 Select the Project Personnel The Role of the Sponsoring Organization or Lead Agency ....................................11 The Use of Consultants ...........................................................................................11 The Secretary of the Interior‘s Professional Qualification Standards .....................11 Step 5 Plan the Survey The Importance of Planning ....................................................................................13 Establish Survey Boundaries ...................................................................................13 Prepare a Research Design ......................................................................................13 Choose the Type of Survey .....................................................................................13 Conduct a File Search ..............................................................................................16 Background Research of the Survey Area ...............................................................17 Identify Themes and Contexts .................................................................................18 Define Survey Methodology ...................................................................................18 Documenting Historical Features ............................................................................18 Establish Survey Time Schedule .............................................................................19 Secure Necessary Permits/Permission from Landowners .......................................19 Conduct a Visual Review of the Survey Area .........................................................19 Colorado Cultural Resource Survey Manual i Step 6 Inform and Involve the Public ............................................................................. 20 Step 7 Conduct the Fieldwork Fieldwork Tasks ...................................................................................................... 21 Cultural Resource Survey Forms ............................................................................ 21 Which Form to Use When ....................................................................................... 22 Determining and Describing Boundaries ................................................................ 23 Sketch Map .............................................................................................................. 25 Resource Locations ................................................................................................. 28 Photographs ............................................................................................................
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