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OPTIONS X Programme
Options X for the Control of Influenza | WELCOME MESSAGES BREAKTHROUGH INFLUENZA VACCINES TAKE LARGE DOSES OF INNOVATION Protecting people from the ever-changing threat of influenza takes unwavering commitment. That’s why we’re dedicated to developing advanced technologies and vaccines that can fight influenza as it evolves. We’re with you. ON THE FRONT LINETM BREAKTHROUGH INFLUENZA VACCINES TAKE LARGE DOSES OF INNOVATION CONTENT OPTIONS X SUPPORTERS ------------------- 4 OPTIONS X EXHIBITORS & COMMITTEES ------------------- 5 AWARD INFORMATION ------------------- 6 WELCOME MESSAGES ------------------- 7 SCHEDULE AT A GLANCE ------------------- 10 CONFERENCE INFORMATION ------------------- 11 SOCIAL PROGRAMME ------------------- 14 ABOUT SINGAPORE ------------------- 15 SUNTEC FLOORPLAN ------------------- 16 SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATIONS ------------------- 17 PROGRAMME ------------------- 19 SPEAKERS ------------------- 31 SPONSORED SYMPOSIA ------------------- 39 ORAL PRESENTATION LISTINGS ------------------- 42 POSTER PRESENTATION LISTINGS ------------------- 51 ABSTRACTS POSTER DISPLAY LISTINGS ------------------- 54 SPONSOR AND EXHIBITOR LISTINGS ------------------- 80 EXHIBITION FLOORPLAN ------------------- 83 Protecting people from the ever-changing threat of NOTE ------------------- 84 influenza takes unwavering commitment. That’s why we’re dedicated to developing advanced technologies and vaccines that can fight influenza as it evolves. We’re with you. ON THE FRONT LINETM Options X for the Control of Influenza | OPTIONS X SUPPORTERS -
Bin Brook Easter 2018
Bin Brook Draft 4 AW.qxp_Layout 1 01/08/2018 13:48 Page 1 BIN EASTER 2018 BROOK ROBINSON COLLEGE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Diversifying Robinson Bringing Focus on Medicine From bats to Travels with our students India Remembering Robinson the brightest and best to Cambridge herpes with Robinson's medics and Iraq with Zhuan and Molly Dr Mary Stewart's living legacy Bin Brook Draft 4 AW.qxp_Layout 1 01/08/2018 13:48 Page 2 02 Contents WELCOME 03 News in brief 04 Diversifying Robinson Bin Brook is Robinson’s flagship publication, keeping our alumni and friends 05 Access to Robinson Eleanor Humphrey in touch with the College and with each other. In view of its importance 06 My Robinson Dr Ben Guy we felt it was owed a facelift, and we hope you like the new look. 07 e Cancer Problem Dr Gary Doherty 08 Must all that lives die? Dr Anke Timmerman Easter 2018 is the first in a series of themed issues, focusing this time on the ground- breaking work of our Fellows in Medicine. ere can be few of us whose lives have 09 Fighting fluProfessor Wendy Barclay been untouched by illnesses such as cancer, viral disease or dementia, and it’s exciting to see that the research that may change the direction of our approaches 10 Bats in the limelight Dr Oliver Restif to these modern-day plagues may come out of Robinson. 11 Learning about memory Dr Brian McCabe Oxbridge admissions have been in the media spotlight recently and we are pleased to offer an 12 Brain Training Dr Duncan Astle insight into our outreach work, answering some of our readers’ questions on this most important 13 e Medic’s Tale Oliver Fox subject that is so close to Robinson’s heart and heritage. -
The Future of Vaccination the FUTURE of VACCINATION the FUTURE of VACCINATION
The future of vaccination THE FUTURE OF VACCINATION THE FUTURE OF VACCINATION Vaccines are one of the greatest triumphs in modern medicine, saving up to 3m lives each year. They are widely regarded as the single most cost-effective public health intervention: every dollar spent on childhood immunisations in Africa returns $44 in economic benefits. We mostly think of vaccines as a way of protecting against communicable (infectious) childhood diseases such as measles. Professor Robin Shattock, In fact, vaccines are far more versatile. They offer hope for Professor Wendy Barclay combating HIV as well as non-communicable diseases such and Professor Jason Hallett as cancer and Alzheimer’s disease, due in part to the presented their research to development of DNA and RNA vaccination techniques. the World Economic Forum in Davos. Fast-tracked vaccines have the potential to contain disease outbreaks before they escalate into epidemics or pandemics. Such research offers the opportunity to innovate in science Vaccines can also target antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and manufacturing; to save lives; enhance wellbeing; and a growing threat that jeopardises hard-won gains in public even to safeguard the future of humanity. health and could claim as many as 10m lives annually by 2050. The feature includes interviews with academics in the cross- This feature offers a broad overview on vaccines, covering disciplinary Imperial Network for Vaccine Research, and other the following five areas: researchers and policymakers. These interviews focus on future vaccine research and the policy changes needed to maximise • what is a vaccine and how does it work? the benefits of that research. -
The Impact of NMR and MRI
WELLCOME WITNESSES TO TWENTIETH CENTURY MEDICINE _____________________________________________________________________________ MAKING THE HUMAN BODY TRANSPARENT: THE IMPACT OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING _________________________________________________ RESEARCH IN GENERAL PRACTICE __________________________________ DRUGS IN PSYCHIATRIC PRACTICE ______________________ THE MRC COMMON COLD UNIT ____________________________________ WITNESS SEMINAR TRANSCRIPTS EDITED BY: E M TANSEY D A CHRISTIE L A REYNOLDS Volume Two – September 1998 ©The Trustee of the Wellcome Trust, London, 1998 First published by the Wellcome Trust, 1998 Occasional Publication no. 6, 1998 The Wellcome Trust is a registered charity, no. 210183. ISBN 978 186983 539 1 All volumes are freely available online at www.history.qmul.ac.uk/research/modbiomed/wellcome_witnesses/ Please cite as : Tansey E M, Christie D A, Reynolds L A. (eds) (1998) Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine, vol. 2. London: Wellcome Trust. Key Front cover photographs, L to R from the top: Professor Sir Godfrey Hounsfield, speaking (NMR) Professor Robert Steiner, Professor Sir Martin Wood, Professor Sir Rex Richards (NMR) Dr Alan Broadhurst, Dr David Healy (Psy) Dr James Lovelock, Mrs Betty Porterfield (CCU) Professor Alec Jenner (Psy) Professor David Hannay (GPs) Dr Donna Chaproniere (CCU) Professor Merton Sandler (Psy) Professor George Radda (NMR) Mr Keith (Tom) Thompson (CCU) Back cover photographs, L to R, from the top: Professor Hannah Steinberg, Professor -
Mutations That Adapt SARS-Cov-2 to Mustelid Hosts Do Not Increase Tness in the Human Airway
Mutations that adapt SARS-CoV-2 to mustelid hosts do not increase tness in the human airway. Jie Zhou Imperial College London Thomas Peacock ( [email protected] ) Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7077-2928 Jonathan Brown Imperial College London https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6849-3962 Daniel Goldhill Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London Ahmed Elrefaey The Pirbright Instiute Rebekah Penrice-Randal Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecology Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK Vanessa Cowton University of Glasgow https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1813-7825 Giuditta De Lorenzo MRC-University of Glasgow Wilhelm Furnon MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK William Harvey MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK Ruthiran Kugathasan Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, UK, Rebecca Frise Imperial College London Laury Baillon Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, UK, Ria Lassauniere Statens Serum https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3910-7185 Nazia Thakur The Pirbright Institute https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4450-5911 Giulia Gallo The Pirbright Institute, Woking, Surrey, UK, Hannah Goldswain Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecology Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK I'ah Donovan-Baneld Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecology Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK Xiaofeng Dong Liverpool Univ Nadine Randle University of Liverpool Fiachra Sweeney Department of Infectious -
Antiviral Drug Baloxavir Reduces Transmission of Flu Virus Among Ferrets 15 April 2020
Antiviral drug baloxavir reduces transmission of flu virus among ferrets 15 April 2020 licensed antiviral drug called baloxavir has been shown to reduce the amount of virus particles produced by infected people more effectively than the widely used drug oseltamivir. In the new study, the researchers tested whether baloxavir treatment might also interrupt onward virus transmission. They found that baloxavir treatment reduced infectious viral shedding in the upper respiratory tract of ferrets infected with A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses compared to placebo, and reduced the frequency of transmission, even when treatment was delayed until two days after infection. By contrast, oseltamivir treatment did not substantially affect viral shedding or transmission Credit: CC0 Public Domain compared to placebo. Importantly, the researchers did not detect the emergence of baloxavir-resistant variants in the animals. The results support the idea that antivirals which decrease viral shedding could Baloxavir treatment reduced transmission of the flu also reduce influenza transmission in the virus from infected ferrets to healthy ferrets, community. According to the authors, such an suggesting that the antiviral drug could contribute effect has the potential to dramatically change how to the early control of influenza outbreaks by we manage influenza outbreaks, including limiting community-based viral spread, according pandemic influenza. to a study published April 15 in the open-access journal PLOS Pathogens by Aeron Hurt of F. The authors add, "Our study shows that baloxavir Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and Wendy Barclay of can have a dual effect in influenza: a single dose Imperial College London, and colleagues. As noted reduces the symptoms and reduces the risk of by the authors, this is the first evidence that the passing it on to others as well". -
Influenza: a Seasonal Disease
Influenza: A seasonal disease FACTFILE Influenza: A seasonal disease nfluenza or ‘flu’ is a common viral addition, global influenza pandemics proteins that the virus needs in order disease of the upper respiratory tract have been recorded throughout history to replicate inside the infected host cell. Iin humans (in birds it is an infection and they seem to occur every 10 to 40 The genome is protected by a membrane of the gut). There are three types of years. Between 1918 and 1919 flu is envelope. Protruding from the virus influenza virus: influenza A, B and C. thought to have killed over 50 million membrane are hundreds of copies of two However, a fourth type, influenza D, people (6 times as many as died as a different varieties of viral glycoprotein has recently been discovered as a consequence of the first-world war). It spikes. Approximately 80% of the veterinary infection, particularly of was caused by an unusually pathogenic spikes are haemagglutinin (HA) and the cows. Major outbreaks of influenza are strain of influenza A virus. remaining 20% are neuraminidase (NA). associated with influenza virus type A The HA and NA surface proteins are or B. Influenza C is common but seldom What causes flu? involved in viral attachment and entry causes disease The influenza virus particle – virion to host cells as well as the release of Influenza A is commonly associated – is usually spherical, but sometimes new virions. They are also the main part with human disease. Each year, many filamentous, in shape and carries its of the virus recognised by our immune countries, including the UK, experience genetic material on eight pieces of single system as foreign, and most of the seasonal influenza epidemics that affect stranded RNA known as segments. -
An Overlapping Protein-Coding Region in Influenza a Virus
Edinburgh Research Explorer An Overlapping Protein-Coding Region in Influenza A Virus Segment 3 Modulates the Host Response Citation for published version: Jagger, BW, Wise, HM, Kash, JC, Walters, KA, Wills, NM, Xiao, YL, Dunfee, RL, Schwartzman, LM, Ozinsky, A, Bell, GL, Dalton, RM, Lo, A, Efstathiou, S, Atkins, JF, Firth, AE, Taubenberger, JK & Digard, P 2012, 'An Overlapping Protein-Coding Region in Influenza A Virus Segment 3 Modulates the Host Response', Science, vol. 337, no. 6091, pp. 199-204. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1222213 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1126/science.1222213 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Peer reviewed version Published In: Science General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 08. Oct. 2021 Europe PMC Funders Group Author Manuscript Science. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 January 23. Published in final edited form as: Science. 2012 July 13; 337(6091): 199–204. doi:10.1126/science.1222213. Europe PMC Funders Author Manuscripts An Overlapping Protein-Coding Region In Influenza A Virus Segment 3 Modulates the Host Response B. -
Research Review 2019
Research Review 2019 Pioneering Better Science About the NC3Rs Contents 1 Introduction 04 2 Case studies 08 Ferrets and flu transmission studies Professor Wendy Barclay: Imperial College London 10 The National Centre for the Replacement, We support the commitment of the Refinement and Reduction of Animals scientific community to the 3Rs by Fly infectivity assay for prion disease Dr Raymond Bujdoso: University of Cambridge 12 in Research (NC3Rs) is a scientific funding research and early career organisation that leads the discovery development, facilitating open innovation Bioreactor for Cryptosporidium oocysts and application of new technologies and the commercialisation of 3Rs Professor Joanne Cable: Cardiff University 14 and approaches that minimise the use technologies, and stimulating changes Blood flow in mouse stroke models of animals in research and improve in policy, regulations, and practice. Professor Claire Gibson: University of Nottingham 16 animal welfare (the 3Rs). Self-structuring bone in vitro Further information can be found Professor Liam Grover: University of Birmingham 18 at www.nc3rs.org.uk We collaborate with scientists Zebrafish and skin cancer research and organisations from across Dr David Hill: Newcastle University 20 the life sciences sector, nationally Pathways for cardiotoxicity and internationally, including Dr Luigi Margiotta-Casaluci: Brunel University London 22 universities, the pharmaceutical, Virtual heart for drug screening chemical and consumer products Professor Blanca Rodriguez: University of Oxford -
Molecular Requirements for a Pandemic Influenza Virus: an Acid-Stable Hemagglutinin Protein
Molecular requirements for a pandemic influenza virus: An acid-stable hemagglutinin protein Marion Russiera, Guohua Yanga, Jerold E. Rehgb, Sook-San Wonga, Heba H. Mostafaa, Thomas P. Fabrizioa, Subrata Barmana, Scott Kraussa, Robert G. Webstera,1, Richard J. Webbya,c, and Charles J. Russella,c,1 aDepartment of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105; bDepartment of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105; and cDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology & Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163 Contributed by Robert G. Webster, December 14, 2015 (sent for review October 13, 2015; reviewed by Wendy Barclay, Robert A. Lamb, and Kanta Subbarao) Influenza pandemics require that a virus containing a hemagglu- H5N1 viruses engineered to have these traits were not air- tinin (HA) surface antigen previously unseen by a majority of the transmissible among ferrets until a mutation increased HA population becomes airborne-transmissible between humans. thermostability and lowered the HA activation pH (6–8). The Although the HA protein is central to the emergence of a pandemic importance of HA stabilization in supporting the adaptation of influenza virus, its required molecular properties for sustained influenza viruses to humans or enabling a human pandemic is transmission between humans are poorly defined. During virus not completely understood. entry, the HA protein binds receptors and is triggered by low pH in After receptor binding and endocytosis, low pH triggers irre- the endosome to cause membrane fusion; during egress, HA contrib- versible structural changes in the HA protein that fuse the viral utes to virus assembly and morphology. -
INFLUENZA a Seasonal Disease 2 INFLUENZA
INFLUENZA A seasonal disease 2 INFLUENZA Influenza Influenza or flu is a common viral disease of the upper respiratory tract. There are three types of influenza virus: A, B and C. Major outbreaks of influenza are associated with influenza virus types A or B. Infection with type B influenza is usually milder than with type A. Influenza C is common but rarely causes disease. Influenza A is the most virulent type and is commonly associated with human disease. Between 1918 and 1919 flu is thought to have killed over 50 million people (6 times as many as died as a consequence of the World War I). This global pandemic possibly infected 50% of the world’s population and up to 20% died. It was caused by an unusually pathogenic strain of influenza A virus. Other global influenza pandemics have been recorded through history and they seem to occur every 10 to 40 years. Each year, many countries, including the UK, experience seasonal influenza epidemics that affect hundreds of Caricature of the H1N1 1918 flu pandemic thousands of people. What causes flu? The influenza virus particle - virion - is usually spherical in shape and carries its genetic material on eight pieces of single stranded RNA known as segments. Each segment carries genes that encode for proteins that the virus needs in order to replicate inside the infected host cell. The genome is protected by a membrane envelope. Protruding from the virus envelope are hundreds of copies of two different varieties of viral glycoprotein spikes. Approximately 80% of the spikes are haemagglutinin (HA) and the remaining 20% are neuraminidase (NA). -
Is There Evidence for Genetic Change in SARS-Cov-2 and If So, Do Mutations Affect Virus Phenotype?
Is there evidence for genetic change in SARS-CoV-2 and if so, do mutations affect virus phenotype? Wendy Barclay, Imperial College London. Cariad Evans, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. Alistair Darby, University of Liverpool. Andrew Rambaut, University of Edinburgh. Oliver Pybus, University of Oxford. David Robertson, University of Glasgow. Ewan Harrison, Wellcome Sanger Institute. Sharon Peacock, Director, COG-UK. Meera Chand, Public Health England, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust. Julian A. Hiscox, University of Liverpool. Summary As the SARS-CoV-2 virus passes from person to person, it is mutating. This is normal, and most mutations will not matter. But there is chance that some mutations will affect how easily the virus spreads between people, how likely it is to make someone ill and how severely ill that person becomes. At the moment, researchers believe that none of the genetic changes found in the virus increase or decrease severity of disease, but they may affect transmission. This might change in the future, as vaccines and treatments have the potential to select different changes in the virus. In the UK, researchers are currently monitoring whether mutations are occurring, but are not systematically checking whether these mutations ‘matter.’ This is an important gap in our knowledge. Background context: we can expect mutations to accumulate in the SARS-CoV-2 genome SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus, with a large 30kb positive strand RNA genome. An integral part of the replication mechanism in coronaviruses involves a discontinuous step in the synthesis of viral RNA, with the natural consequence of a high degree of a recombination resulting in the insertion of viral and non-viral sequences into or deletion of viral sequence from the genome.