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A.2. the Population of Mauritius: Facts and Trends

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A.2. the Population of Mauritius: Facts and Trends MMigrationigration in Mauritius A COUNTRY PROFILE 2013 M igration in Mauritius igration A COUNTRY PROFILE 2013 PROFILE A COUNTRY 17 route des Morillons, P.O. Box 17, 1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 717 9111 • Fax: +41 22 798 6150 E-mail: [email protected] • Website: http://www.iom.int The opinions expressed in the report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout the report do not imply expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IOM concerning legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning its frontiers or boundaries IOM is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society. As an intergovernmental organization, IOM acts with its partners in the international community to: assist in the meeting of operational challenges of migration; advance understanding of migration issues; encourage social and economic development through migration; and uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants. This publication was made possible through the financial support provided by the IOM Development Fund (IDF). Publisher: International Organization for Migration (IOM) 17 route des Morillons P.O. Box 17 1211 Geneva 19 Switzerland Tel: +41 22 717 91 11 Fax: +41 22 798 61 50 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.iom.int _____________________________________________________ © 2014 International Organization for Migration (IOM) _____________________________________________________ All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. 36_14 Migration in Mauritius: A COUNTRY PROFILE 2013 CONTENTS List of tables ........................................................................................4 List of figures .......................................................................................6 Members of the technical working group .............................................7 Acronym list ........................................................................................9 Acknowledgments .............................................................................11 Foreword ...........................................................................................13 Map of Mauritius ...............................................................................15 Key information for Mauritius ............................................................16 Executive summary ............................................................................17 Part A: Overview of population and migration trends in Mauritius ....21 A.1 International migration data sources in Mauritius .................................. 21 A.1.1 Censuses as sources of migration data ...................................... 21 A.1.2 Census data in Mauritius ............................................................ 23 A.1.3 Sample surveys ........................................................................... 25 A.1.4 Border data collection system .................................................... 26 A.1.5 Residence permits ...................................................................... 27 A.1.6 International databases .............................................................. 28 A.2. The population of Mauritius: Facts and trends ........................................ 31 A.2.1 Historical overview on the evolution of the population of Mauritius ........................................................ 31 A.2.2 Recent population trends: Fertility, mortality and population growth .............................................. 33 A.2.3 Population age and sex composition .......................................... 38 A.2.4 Labour force ................................................................................ 41 A.2.5 Internal migration ....................................................................... 45 A.3 Population with foreign background and international migrations ......... 48 A.3.1 Foreign resident population over time ....................................... 48 A.3.2 Legislation pertaining to international migration ...................... 51 A.3.3 Characteristics of non-Mauritians ............................................... 66 A.3.4 Foreign workers and other categories of foreigners in Mauritius ........................................................... 71 A.3.5 International migration ............................................................... 77 A.4 Mauritians living abroad .......................................................................... 87 Part B: Effects of migration in Mauritius .............................................97 B.1 Mauritius as a country of destination ..................................................... 97 B.2 Mauritius as a country of origin and the value added by its diaspora today .............................................................................. 100 B.3 Internal migration: A focus on Rodrigues............................................... 101 B.4 Border data collection system ................................................................ 102 Migration in Mauritius: A Country Profile 2013 3 B.5 Migration and health .............................................................................. 104 B.6 Migration and environmental change .................................................... 105 Part C: Recommendations ...............................................................107 C.1 Improving migration statistics ................................................................ 107 C.2 Mainstreaming migration into national development planning ............ 111 C.3 Establishing the institutional framework allowing continuity in the migration profile exercise and policy development ..................... 115 Annexes ...........................................................................................117 Annex 1: Concepts and internationally recommended definitions in the area of international migration statistics .......... 117 Annex 2: Statistical tables ............................................................................. 122 Annex 3: Institutional framework in Mauritius pertaining to migration ....... 133 Bibliography ....................................................................................135 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Population size of Mauritius, 1767–2011 .............................................. 32 Table 2: Population change in Mauritius based on 2000–2013 mid-year estimates, with numbers of births and deaths and estimated net migration ................................................................. 35 Table 3: Births, deaths and natural population growth, 2000–2012 .................. 36 Table 4: Life expectancy at birth, 1950–2010 ..................................................... 37 Table 5: Population age group structure based on the 1990, 2000 and 2011 censuses and selected mid-year estimates ........................... 38 Table 6: Population age structure indicators ...................................................... 41 Table 7: Population aged 16 and over, by sex and activity status ....................... 42 Table 8: Labour force participation rates, by age group and sex, 2012 CMPHS . 43 Table 9: Unemployment rate, by age and sex..................................................... 44 Table 10: Unemployment rate, by education and sex .......................................... 45 Table 11: District-to-district migration flows of the population aged 5 years and over, 2006 and 2011 .................................................. 47 Table 12: Population, by nationality, 2000 and 2011 censuses ............................ 50 Table 13: Naturalization, by sex, 2008–2012 ........................................................ 51 Table 14: Relevant international conventions ratified by Mauritius ..................... 65 Table 15: Number of non-Mauritians by country of citizenship according to the 2011 census and valid residence permits in Mauritius on 1 January 2013 ............................................... 68 4 Migration in Mauritius: A Country Profile 2013 Table 16: Number of holders of valid work permits by country of origin in December 2010 and 2013 ....................................................... 73 Table 17: Foreign workers by branch of industry, 2005, 2009 and 2013 .............. 74 Table 18: Number of occupation permits issued between 2 October 2006 and 30 June 2013 ........................................................ 75 Table 19: Enrolment of foreign students in tertiary education in Mauritius by country of origin .......................................................... 76 Table 20: Number of arrivals and departures on main border points, in thousands, 2000 and 2010–2012 .............................. 78 Table 21: Departure of Mauritian residents* travelling abroad by country of disembarkation ................................................... 79 Table 22: Difference between arrivals and departures of Mauritians and non-Mauritians, by age group, 2010–2012 .................................... 80 Table 23: Total number of foreign nationals deported, arrested and repatriated, by nationality, 2000–2014 ............................ 81 Table 24: Resident Mauritians
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