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The Earls of Middleton, Lords of Clermont and of Fettercairn, and The

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- 1 & •V.4'' National Library of Scotland *B000316163* ''<:£; - • * ,«".' 1 ^m. ' I i't'**t\ I : Ia THE EARLS OE MIDDLETON. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from National Library of Scotland http://www.archive.org/details/earlsofmiddletonOObisc THE EARLS OF MIDDLETON, LORDS OF CLERMONT AND OF FETTERCALRN, AND THE MIDDLETON FAMILY. BY A. C. BISCOE Henry S. King & Co., London. 1876. {All rights reserved.") — 1 CONTENTS. PAGE Early History of the Middleton Family i JOHN MIDDLETON, FIRST EARL OF MIDDLETON. CHAPTER I. C haracte/-— Enters the army—Commands the horse at the bridge of Dee— Marries—Enters the service of the Parliament of England—Lieutenant-general under Sir William Waller Resigns his commission in consequence of the Self-denying Ordinance—Robert Middleton murdered by Montrose's soldiers —John Middleton appointed second in command against Montrosq—He and Leslie defeat Montrose at Philiphaugh—The Estates vote Middleton twenty-five thousand marks for his services—Commands the troops left in Scotland—His proceed- ings against Montrose—The latter ordered by the king to disband his forces ; hesitates, but finally holds a conference with Middle- ton, and agrees to quit the country—Middleton witness at his nephew's baptism—Appointed Commissioner of Estates belong- ing to Cavaliers—Proceedings against Huntly, who is at length captured by a division of his troops ... ... ... ... 1 *3 — vi Conte7its. CHAPTER II. PAGE The Scotch disapprove of the conduct of the English Parlia- ment towards the king—Division into three parties—The Duke of Hamilton raises forces for the defence of the king Middleton appointed his lieutenant-general—Defeats some insurgents—Accompanies Hamilton to England—Made prisoner after the battle of Preston—Obtains permission to go to Berwick to see his wife—Sent for to London, but escapes on the way, and returns to Scotland—Makes insurrection in favour of the young king—Defeated by Leslie—The Covenanters resolve to acknowledge Charles II. as their king—His arrival in Scotland and their mortifying conduct towards him—Charles attempts to escape, and Middleton and others prepare to rise—The Royalists enter into a mutual agreement to defend the king, religion, and their country—Charles persuaded to command them to lay down their arms—Middleton appointed major-general of horse —Makes the principal defence at the battle of Worcester, but is made prisoner, and sent to the Tower—Cromwell wishes to get him tried for his life ; but he contrives to escape, and joins Charles II. in Paris ... ... ... ... ... ... 3S CHAPTER III. The Royalists in Scotland entreat the king to send Middleton with a force to their aid in the Highlands—Middleton endeavours to raise troops in Holland, and has good hopes of succeeding, should the proposed peace with England come to nothing Peace is, however, proclaimed, and he raises but a small force Lands in Scotland—Quarrels amongst the Royalists—Goes over a second time to Holland—Has some small successes—General Monk sets out for Scotland, and Middleton's troops grow dis- contented — Sore pressed by Monk — Attacked unexpectedly at Loughghary, and his army routed—Has some hopes of re- commencing the campaign afresh, but is obliged to relinquish them and return to France—His letter from Dantzic—The king confers on him the title of earl, which with the title of Lord of Clermont and of Fettercairn are confirmed to him after the Restoration by letters patent—Copy of the patent, with trans- lation ... ... ... ... ... .. ... 57 ——- Contents. vii CHAPTER IV. l'AGE Middleton appointed High Commissioner to the Scotch Parlia- ment—His state entry into the kingdom and regal reception— Opens Parliament—His abuse of power and intemperate habits —Annuls all Acts of Parliament passed since 1633—Proceed- ings against, and execution of, Argyle and others—Establishes Episcopacy in Scotland—The Act of Fines—Marriages of his daughters—Act of Balloting—Lome impeached for leasing making—Lauderdale obtains his pardon from the king, and draws up an accusation against Middleton—The Scotch people displeased by Middleton's violent conduct towards the Presby- terians—Summoned to London to defend himself—Powerful friends intercede for him—Completes his own ruin by an act of rash folly—The king deprives him of all his offices—Returns to England, and receives a command at Rochester— Deaths of his elder daughter and wife—Appointed Governor of Tangiers Marries a second time—Tries to obtain ^1500 in advance of his pay—Goes to Tangiers, and dies there in 1673, from the effects of a fall down a staircase—Lady Middleton's epitaph- Monument erected by the Earl of Middleton still standing at Fettercairn—Description of it by Queen Victoria ... ... 106 CHARLES MIDDLETON, SECOND EARL OF MIDDLETON. HIS LIFE AND LETTERS. CHAPTER I. His character—Early life—Appointed Envoy Extraordinary at the Court of Vienna—Shipwrecked with the Duke of York—Made Secretary of State for Scotland, afterwards for England James II. entrusts to him the management of the House of Commons—Disapproves of James's system of government, but supports the Court party—Expostulates with the king— Resists all James's attempts to convert him to Popery— Directed by the king to disclaim any secret alliance with Louis XIV. —Proves — viii Contents. faithful to his sovereign in adversity—Present at Council James's first attempt at flight—Middleton refuses to obey the summons of the peers—The king detained at Feversham Middleton and others hasten to him, and entreat him to return to London—Middleton present at his last act of government James compelled to go to Rochester—Determines on flight Writes down his reasons for withdrawing, and directs Middle- ton to get them printed—Queen's ladies obtain permission to join her—Middleton remains in England—Warrant issued by Queen Mary for his apprehension—Escapes to France, but returns to England—Induces James to issue a more conciliatory declaration after the battle of La Hogue—Middleton heads the Compounders—Calumnies of his enemies—Succeeds Lord Mel- fort at St. Germains ... ... ... ... ... ... 137 CHAPTER II. Description of the Chateau of St. Germains—James has some con- fidence in Middleton—Proceedings against the latter in Scotland for high treason—His letters from June 15th, 1693, until May 1st, 1696, chiefly concerning Queen Mary's death, and a pro- posed invasion of England, which proves a failure ... ... 168 CHAPTER III. Letters from June 20th, 1696, until December 8th, 1700, concerning some proposals to assassinate William III. —To correspondents in England—The escape of one Birkenhead—The queen's dowry—Some traitors—The King of Spain's will —A letter of the Earl of Mel fort intercepted by William, containing some aspersions upon Middleton's character ... ... ... ... 224 CHAPTER IV. Illness and death of James II. —Middleton one of the Council appointed in his will to aid the queen—Letters concerning the queen's manifesto to the English—The Scotch wish the young Contents. j x PAG E king to go to Scotland—Middleton persuades the queen to refuse her consent— Falls under her Majesty's displeasure- Turns Roman Catholic, and retires into a convent for a year- Returns hastily to Court on learning of the promise extracted by Lovat from the queen—Persuades her to appoint a trust- worthy person to watch Lovat—Lovat's return to France, and false account of his proceedings—Queen receives him favour- ably, ^and distrusts Middleton—Hurt feelings of the latter— Lovat's treachery discovered, and his imprisonment—Young king attains his majority—Middleton praises his industry—Life at St. Germains— Princess Louisa and her ladies—La belle Middleton—Hamilton's songs upon her 2 rr CHAPTER V. Letters concerning Colonel Hooke's visit to Scotland — The attempted invasion of 1708—The Salisbury captured by Sir George Byng, and Middleton's two sons made prisoners—Queen tries ineffectually to obtain their release—Renewed propositions for peace—Chevalier offers to leave France—War continued 255 CHAPTER VI. Another attempt to procure the liberation of the Middletons—Re- leased on bail June, 1 711—Queen, princess, and Lady Middle- ton visit the king's remains—Marlborough's intrigues-Death of the Princess Louisa— Her brocaded petticoat—Harley gives hopes that the Protestant succession may be changed—Cheva- lier leaves France-Middleton accompanies him as his principal adviser-Peace of Utrecht-Louis XIV. agrees to acknowledge Anne as Queen of Great Britain-Lady Middleton disapproves of the queen's residence at Chaillot-Chevalier listens to the insinuations of Middleton's enemies-He offers to resign his post -Queen entreats him to remain with her son-Letters to English correspondents •• 332 —- Contents. CHAPTER VII. PAGE Peace of Utrecht signed—Rejoicings at Chaillot—Lady Middleton's fears that the queen's prayers will injure her health—Endeavours of her Majesty to amuse her ladies—Middleton resigns his office, December 14th, 1713—Reports in consequence that the Cheva- lier is about to change his religion—Denies the truth of these in a letter to his mother—Anne's reason for not appointing her brother her successor—Middleton returns to St. Germains, and is appointed to the office of Great Chamberlain—Harley and Marlborough make public proof of their perfidy towards the exiled family—Lord Clermont made prisoner a second time during the rebellion of 1715—Released probably in 171 7 Queen Mary Beatrice dies, 1718—Middleton's death in the following year—His sons die without issue some time after— Lady Middleton survives until 1 745—The dates of her daugh- ters' deaths ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 360 The Descendants of Alexander Middleton, D.D., Principal of King's College, Aberdeen, and brother of John, first Earl of Middle- ton ... 379 EARLY HISTORY OF THE MIDDLETON FAMILY, THE EARLS OF MIDDLETON.
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