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The Arms of the Baronial and Police Burghs of Scotland

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'^m^ ^k: UC-NRLF nil! |il!|l|ll|ll|l||il|l|l|||||i!|||!| C E 525 bm ^M^ "^ A \ THE ARMS OF THE BARONIAL AND POLICE BURGHS OF SCOTLAND Of this Volume THREE HUNDRED AND Fifteen Copies have been printed, of which One Hundred and twenty are offered for sale. THE ARMS OF THE BARONIAL AND POLICE BURGHS OF SCOTLAND BY JOHN MARQUESS OF BUTE, K.T. H. J. STEVENSON AND H. W. LONSDALE EDINBURGH WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS 1903 UNIFORM WITH THIS VOLUME. THE ARMS OF THE ROYAL AND PARLIAMENTARY BURGHS OF SCOTLAND. BY JOHN, MARQUESS OF BUTE, K.T., J. R. N. MACPHAIL, AND H. W. LONSDALE. With 131 Engravings on Wood and 11 other Illustrations. Crown 4to, 2 Guineas net. ABERCHIRDER. Argent, a cross patee gules. The burgh seal leaves no doubt of the tinctures — the field being plain, and the cross scored to indicate gules. One of the points of difference between the bearings of the Royal and Parliamentary Burghs on the one hand and those of the I Police Burghs on the other lies in the fact that the former carry castles and ships to an extent which becomes almost monotonous, while among the latter these bearings are rare. On the other hand, the Police Burghs very frequently assume a charge of which A 079 2 Aberchirder. examples, in the blazonry of the Royal and Parliamentary Burghs, are very rare : this is the cross, derived apparently from the fact that their market-crosses are the most prominent of their ancient monuments. In cases where the cross calvary does not appear, a cross of some other kind is often found, as in the present instance. We are informed that in assuming this device no special allusion was intended by the authorities of Aberchirder ; we should therefore conjecture that the charge was obtained by some course of syllogistic reasoning such as — burghs have crosses : this is a burgh ; therefore it ought to have a cross. The red and white colours, according to Lord President Forbes of Culloden (' The Family of Innes,' p. 20. Edinburgh, 1820), are those of the ancient Thanes of Aberchirder. But whether this be the derivation of the colours of the seal in the present case we do not know. The family in question, Aberchirder of that Ilk, appears, so far as any records at present extant are able to show, to be of immemorial antiquity. In the latter half of the fourteenth cen- tury it ended in an heiress, who married an Innes, and the arms in one form or other of Aberchirder continued for centuries to be quartered with those of Innes by the descendants of this marriage. The statements in regard to them slightly vary, but without entering into details of the subject, we accept as most authoritative that of Lord President Forbes, who gives guUs, three boars' heads erased argent. It may be noticed that the seal of a David Aberkerdor is recorded by Laing (Catalogue No. 79), the bearings of which are a cross, between four horses' heads couped. There is yet another Aberchirder. 3 family named Aberchirder, Aberkirdor, and Aberkerdour, bearing, according to Burke's ' General Armory,' azure, three swords in /ess paleways, points upward, hilted and pommelled, or, surmounted of a bend, gules. These arms strongly resemble those of the family of Aberdour—viz., argent, three swords paleways in fess proper, sur- mounted by a bend gules, within a bordure azure. But we under- stand that the family in question was connected with Dundee at an ancient date, and the arms are certainly suggestive of those of Seres, Lord of Dwnde of Auld, as given by Sir David Lindesay — viz., gules, three swords in fess paleways, hilts upwards argent. ABERCORN. Abercorn or Newton of Abercorn was created a burgh of barony on April 5, 1603, in favour of James, then styled Master of Paisley, but created by this charter Lord Abercorn, a title still enjoyed by the present Duke of Abercorn. That the burgh so created should bear municipal arms appears evident from the words of the charter, " ut dictum dominium insigniis et Dominii armis ut congruit honoraretur," but we cannot ascertain that any such arms were ever adopted. This Lord Abercorn bore (as does the present Duke, with Chatelherault on a shield of pre- tence) Hamilton—viz., gules, three cinquefoils pierced ermine; quar- tering Arran—viz., argent, a ship with sails furled and oars, sable. The first mention of the place seems to be as the site of a monastery, soon made the see of a bishop, founded by Saint Wilfred of York about 675. The mythical coat of arms tra- ditionally ascribed to Saint Wilfred is azure, three estoilles (with six points wavy) two and one, or. Note.—We have had so much difficulty in discovering this imaginary coat of St Wilfred, that we think it may be a con- venience to the reader to mention that there is an Appendix on Sacred Heraldry, containing this and other things of the same sort, by E. L. Blackburne, at the end of the third (Dr Jessopp's) edition of Dr Husenbeth's ' Emblems of Saints.' : ABERDOUR. James IV., on March i8, 1500-1501, erected Aberdour into a burgh of barony in favour of the Abbat and Community of Inchcolm. There is nothing in the charter to point to the use of a municipal seal, and the natural supposition is that that of the Abbey was used. Two seals connected with the Abbey are described by Laing. One—that of the monastery—very much damaged, has on the obverse " a building probably intended for the monastery ; above the roof appears to have been a crescent and a mullet," and on the reverse " a galley of one mast with- out sails ; in the upper part a mullet." This seal is actually appended to a tack by James, Commendator of the monastery, in favour of James Millar, of the teinds of the Sister lands of Aberdour. The other seal Laing ascribes to the abbat, and it would seem to bear the same device as the obverse of the last "A very pretty design of two figures in a galley with the sails furled. One of the figures appears to be Saint Columba and the other a monk, each holding a crozier, and engaged in prayer." This would be the natural source from which to derive a common seal for Aberdour, were the need for such ever to arise. The "mullet" is obviously the sun. The figures may be conjectured to represent Saint Columba and the Abbat of Inchcolm. They would naturally sit facing each other, one in the bow and the other in the stern. It would be better to represent both without mitres. In the article on Aberchirder, we have already mentioned the existence at an early date of a family of the name of Aberdour, and described the arms which it bore. ABERFELDY. This burgh, which was incorporated in 1887, has no arms. In obedience to the Burgh Police Act, 1892, it then procured for the first time a common seal. Upon the middle of this seal is a representation of the cairn erected in 1887 to commemorate the embodiment at this place in 1739 of the famous Black Watch. The cairn is rather in the form of a pyramid, and on the top is a statue representing a soldier of that historic regiment. Behind this figure, at about the height which would be the top of a fess, is a line of water, having on the dexter a man rowing a boat to sinister, " intended," as the town clerk is so good as to inform us, "to represent the old ferry-boat which was used in conveying passengers, &c., from the one side of the river to the other, before the bridge was built by General Wade." On the sinister side is a representation of this bridge itself, which is five-arched and was erected in 1733. Behind all is a dim and distant view of mountains. There is a motto, in allusion to the ferry-boat, — 'S dluth tric bXt Abairpheal- LAIDH—" swift and frequent, as the boat of Aberfeldy." It would not be difficult to construct a blazon out of the features of the seal, which seem to be those considered most distinctive of the town and its history, and something of the following kind might answer the purpose : Azure, on a bridge oj five arches in fess argent, the stream transfluent proper, a soldier of — Aberfeldy. 7 the " Black Watch " fully armed and accoutred, also proper, between two inescutcheons, on the dexter, for Steuart, or, a fess checquy azure and argent ; and on the sinister, for Campbell, gyronny of eight or and sable ; in base a ferry-boat rowed to sinister by a ferryman all proper. In this suggested coat we have placed the bridge, as in the numerous coats in which that feature appears, and preserved the memorial of the Black Watch by placing the soldier upon it, as the cross with the Highland and Lowland soldiers are placed on the bridge on the obverse of the seal of Stirling, and we have introduced two inescutcheons to commemorate the two leading historical families connected with the place— viz., the Steuarts of Grandtully and the Campbells of Breadalbane, somewhat as the arms of Renfrew bear inescutcheons of Scot- land and Stewart, and those of Paisley bear Stewart, Hamilton, 8 Aberfeldy. and Shaw. We may remark that Stewart is quartered by the Marquesses of Breadalbane. We should have put a galley in base in an inescutcheon argent, and thus given the coat of Lome, which is also quartered by the house of Breadalbane, were it not that it seemed undesirable to destroy or obscure the identity of the vessel with the ferry-boat, which the motto clearly indicates it to be ; while it may also be observed that this same ship of Lome, placed in base as in the above, was carried as a difference by the Steuarts of Grandtully themselves without its field.
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