Annual Report Marine Science Institute | UC Santa Barbara 2014-2015

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Annual Report Marine Science Institute | UC Santa Barbara 2014-2015 ANNUAL REPORT MARINE SCIENCE INSTITUTE | UC SANTA BARBARA 2014-2015 1 Table of Contents Director’s Statement 3 Organizational Charts 5 Administrative Staff 6 Centers and Units 7 Other Projects and Activities 8 Seminars, Workshops, Conferences, and Meetings 9 Coastal Research Center 12 Marine Biotechnology Center 14 Ocean and Coastal Policy Center 16 UC Natural Reserve System 17 Analytical Laboratory 19 MSI Education/Outreach 20 Awards Administered 21 Awards 22 Research Summaries 31 Space 132 Statistical Summary 138 Research Support Summary 139 Statistical Summary 2014-2015 141 Five-Year Research Support Summary 143 Funding Agencies 146 MSI Advisory Committee, 148 Administrative and Technical Staff Principal Investigators 151 2 Director’s Statement 3 Director’s Statement On January 28, 1969 an oil rig blow-out in the Santa Barbara Channel spilled an estimated 3.4 to 4.2 million gallons of crude oil over a ten-day period. Established in 1969, UCSB’s Marine Science Institute is committed to fostering innovative and significant research, to promoting effective stewardship, and to sharing the exciting discoveries of the world’s oceans. On May 19, 2015 the Refugio Oil Spill deposited 142,800 U.S. gallons of crude oil onto one of the most biologically diverse coastlines of the west coast. Scientists from multiple disciplines at UCSB and elsewhere began collaborating immediately after the spill. Based on lessons learned from studies of earlier spills, and using refined computer models, they predicted the spill spread and dispersion, including impacts on Los Angeles area beaches. They used his information to provide guidance to cleanup agencies and to monitor the effects on the ecosystem Researchers from the University of California, Santa Barbara, many of them from the Marine Science Institute, began collecting samples within hours of the spill to monitor the impact on the marine environment. Researchers and volunteers returned to the area many times to collect additional samples. Since students and researchers had previously used this area for study purposes, baseline data was available. David Valentine, a professor in the University’s Department of Earth Science and a MSI researcher said, “The discharge of heavy oil at Refugio presents a unique opportunity to discover novel metabolic, genomic and ecological feedbacks among marine microbial communities, heavy oil and ecosystem response. We have the opportunity to study ecosystem changes and microbial reactions from the very early stages through an entire year. It’s really rare for scientists to get day zero access to any sort of event like this.” This is just one of many examples of how MSI fosters innovative and significant research, and how that research impacts lives and communities around us. I invite you to read more about the research MSI supports in the annual report that follows. Sincerely, Mark Brzezinski, Director Marine Science Institute 4 Organizational Charts 5 MARINE SCIENCE INSTITUTE 2014–2015 ORGANIZATIONAL CHART Mark Brzezinski Dan Reed Director Deputy Director Tim Schmidt Administration Manager Jim Woods Monica Pessino Bonnie Williamson Joyce Wolever Melia Cutcher Luisa Velez C & G Admin Personnel Unit Budget Unit Systems/Network Ocean o' Graphics Purchasing Analyst Administrator Creative Director Manager Manager Manager Casey Morse Lynne Purchasing Analyst Brian Emery Ryan Vizena Nicole Zavala India Morgan Van Der Kamp Server Support Web Developer Personnel Analyst Budget Analyst C & G Officer Deanna Cervantes Marisol Hernández Laura Susin C & G Analyst Personnel Analyst Budget Analyst Veronica Perez Jenny Chu Personnel Analyst Budget Analyst Lyndi Swanson Donna Dobis Personnel Analyst Travel Coordinator 6 MARINE SCIENCE INSTITUTE 2014–2015 ORGANIZATIONAL CHART Mark Brzezinski Director Dan Reed Deputy Director Marine Analytical Coastal Reseach Ocean & Coastal Biotechnology Laboratory Marine Science Center Center Policy Center Georges L. Paradis Education & Outreach Russell Schmitt TBN Daniel Morse Manager TBN Director Director Deputy Director Faculty/ Faculty/ Faculty/ William Clinton Scott Simon Professional Researchers Professional Researchers Professional Researchers Staff Research Assoc. REEF Manager Specialists Specialists Student Assistant Student Docents Postdoctorals Postdoctorals Technical Staff Technical Staff Graduate Students Graduate Students Undergraduate Students Undergraduate Students 7 Other Projects & Activities 8 Seminars, Workshops, Conferences, and Meetings July 1, 2014-June 30, 2015 The Marine Science Institute continues to support various seminars, workshops, conferences and meetings. During the 2014-2015 fiscal year 36 events took place, in which a wide range of marine science topics were highlighted. Dates Coordinators Topic July 1, 2014 Chris Costello Ground Fish Meeting July 3, 2014 Carol Blanchette, Scott Simon Carbon Teaching Experiment. Teacher Development Workshop July 10, 2014 Andrew Brooks MCR-LTER UNOLS Cruise Working Group July 17-20, 2014 Carol Blanchette, Scott Simon Teaching Environmental Science in a Changing Climate July 18-25, 2014 Sarah Lester, Fish Forever Strategy and Planning Michaela Clemence July 29, 2014 Nate Emery Meta-Analysis Workshop July 31, 2014 Dan Reed, Mark Page SONGS Science Advisory Panel Meeting August 1, 2014 Robert Miller REU Poster Session August 5, 2014 Tim Schmidt OCTOS Advisory Committee August 21, 2014 Stephen Proulx Guest Seminar by Bjorn Ostman August 22, 2014 Sally Holbrook & Dan Reed, Daniel Okamoto, Ph.D. Seminar Advisors The role of fluctuating food supply on recruitment, survival and population dynamics in the sea October 1, 2014 Stephen Proulx Faculty Symposium October 1, 2014 Monique Myers Santa Barbara Area Coastal Ecosystem Vulnerability workshop October 12-15, 2014 Jennifer Caselle, South Coast Baseline MLPA Carol Blanchette Workshop October 16, 2014 Laura Francis, Gay Larsen Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary October 20-24, 2014 Paul Berkman, Oran Young Arctic Options Working Group October 23, 2014 Andrew Brooks MCR-LTER UNOLS Cruise Working Group October 24, 2014 Shannon Harrer SBC-LTER Intern Training November 3, 2014 Gay Larsen OCTOS Community Outreach Program, Bob Ballard guest * Non-UCSB personnel 9 December 10, 2014 Cheryl Briggs, Advisor Andrea Jani, Ph.D. Seminar Microbial ecology of an infectious disease: Do symbiotic bacteria protect an endangered frog from the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis? December 11-12, 2014 Russell Schmitt, Sally Holbrook MCR-LTER All Investigators Meeting December 19, 2014 Sally Holbrook, Advisor Gabriel Rodriguez, Ph.D. Seminar Turnover dynamics of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera January 14, 2015 Susan Mazer Training Workshop for California Native Plant Society Members, California Phenology Project & Citizen Science January 16, 2015 Cheryl Briggs, Advisor Thomas Smith, Ph.D. Seminar, Ecological impacts of amphibian declines on Sierra Nevada lake communities February 5-6, 2015 Margaret O’Brien LTER Network Information Management Executive Committee February 6, 2015 Armand Kuris, Advisor Julio Lordo , Ph.D. Seminar, The distribution and abundance of the California horn snail at different spatial scales February 16-20, 2015 Will McClintock, Marine Spatial Planning Grace Goldberg Advancement Training March 23-27, 2015 Barbara Walker Towards Resilience and Sustainable Seafood Supply Project Meeting March 26, 2015 Dan Reed, Mark Page, SONGS Science Advisory Panel Steve Schroeter Meeting April 9, 2015 Susan Mazer Training Workshop for Joshua Tree National Park Staff, California Phenology Project & Citizen Science April 13, 2015 Dan Reed, Mark Page, SONGS Science Advisory Panel Steve Schroeter May 11, 2015 Mark Page, Steve Schroeter SONGS Wetland Workshop May 16, 2015 Susan Mazer Training Workshop for Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area, California Phenology Project & Citizen Science * Non-UCSB personnel 10 June 15, 2015 Susan Mazer Training Workshop for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park staff, California Phenology Project & Citizen Science June 20-24, 2015 Scott Simon, Carol Blanchette Math Science Partnership Teacher Professional Development Workshop June 26-29, 2015 Paul Berkman Pan-Arctic Options Team Meeting * Non-UCSB personnel 11 Coastal Research Center The Coastal Research Center is an organizational unit within the Marine Science Institute at UCSB. The central theme of the Center is to develop scientific knowledge to gain a more complete understanding of coastal and island ecosystems, which is necessary for sound management of the natural resources within coastal and island regions. The Center links academic scientists from a wide variety of disciplines, enhancing the ability to address marine environmental issues. While CRC scientists work in marine environments throughout the world, much effort is focused on coastal reefs found in the Santa Barbara Channel region and the coral reefs surrounding the island of Moorea, French Polynesia. These two locations provide excellent model systems for the scientific exploration of a wide range of marine issues and scientists at UCSB have long valued these environments as natural laboratories for scientific study. Both areas are enjoyed by those seeking recreation, support important local fisheries and are faced with growing conflicts amongst different user groups as human population pressures increase, a trend that is common for many marine environments. The nearshore marine environments of California and the islands of French Polynesia are used increasingly
Recommended publications
  • Annual Report Marinemarine Science Science Institute Institute |• UC UC Santa Santa Barbara Barbara 2013 2014
    ANNUAL REPORT MarineMarine Science Science Institute Institute |• UC UC Santa Santa Barbara Barbara 2013 2014 ANNUAL REPORT | 2013-2014 1 ANNUAL REPORT | 2013-2014 Table of Contents Director’s Statement 3 Organizational Charts 5 Administrative Staff 6 Centers and Units 7 Other Projects and Activities 8 Seminars, Workshops, Conferences, and Meetings 9 Coastal Research Center 17 EcoInformatics Center 19 Marine Biotechnology Center 21 National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis 23 Ocean and Coastal Policy Center 25 UC Natural Reserve System 26 Analytical Laboratory 28 REEF/Outreach 29 Awards Administered 30 Awards 31 Research Summaries 39 Space 142 Statistical Summary 148 Research Support Summary 149 Statistical Summary 2013-2014 151 Five-Year Research Support Summary 153 Funding Agencies 156 MSI Advisory Committee, 158 Administrative and Technical Staff Principal Investigators 161 2 ANNUAL REPORT | 2013-2014 Director’s Statement 3 ANNUAL REPORT | 2013-2014 Director’s Statement This year marks the 10th anniversary of the opening of the Marine Science Institute’s Marine Science Research Building, a state-of-the-art facility located on the bluff overlooking the Pacific Ocean on the eastern edge of the University of California, Santa Barbara’s campus. It is an inspiring facility and location, and it has taken the hard work of many individuals to make it a reality. At UCSB in the 1980’s and 1990’s, Marine Science facilities could be described as dispersed, inadequate, and not up to the standards of a world class research institution. Long-standing efforts to get a facility approved and built had met with no success. However, things began to change with the identification of a State of California program that provided a financing mechanism for research facilities dedicated to long-term scientific activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Cypris 2016-2017
    CYPRIS 2016-2017 Illustrations courtesy of David Siveter For the upper image of the Silurian pentastomid crustacean Invavita piratica on the ostracod Nymphateline gravida Siveter et al., 2007. Siveter, David J., D.E.G. Briggs, Derek J. Siveter, and M.D. Sutton. 2015. A 425-million-year- old Silurian pentastomid parasitic on ostracods. Current Biology 23: 1-6. For the lower image of the Silurian ostracod Pauline avibella Siveter et al., 2012. Siveter, David J., D.E.G. Briggs, Derek J. Siveter, M.D. Sutton, and S.C. Joomun. 2013. A Silurian myodocope with preserved soft-parts: cautioning the interpretation of the shell-based ostracod record. Proceedings of the Royal Society London B, 280 20122664. DOI:10.1098/rspb.2012.2664 (published online 12 December 2012). Watermark courtesy of Carin Shinn. Table of Contents List of Correspondents Research Activities Algeria Argentina Australia Austria Belgium Brazil China Czech Republic Estonia France Germany Iceland Israel Italy Japan Luxembourg New Zealand Romania Russia Serbia Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Spain Switzerland Thailand Tunisia United Kingdom United States Meetings Requests Special Publications Research Notes Photographs and Drawings Techniques and Methods Awards New Taxa Funding Opportunities Obituaries Horst Blumenstengel Richard Forester Franz Goerlich Roger Kaesler Eugen Kempf Louis Kornicker Henri Oertli Iraja Damiani Pinto Evgenii Schornikov Michael Schudack Ian Slipper Robin Whatley Papers and Abstracts (2015-2007) 2016 2017 In press Addresses Figure courtesy of Francesco Versino,
    [Show full text]
  • Irish Biodiversity: a Taxonomic Inventory of Fauna
    Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna Irish Wildlife Manual No. 38 Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna S. E. Ferriss, K. G. Smith, and T. P. Inskipp (editors) Citations: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Section author (2009) Section title . In: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Cover photos: © Kevin G. Smith and Sarah E. Ferriss Irish Wildlife Manuals Series Editors: N. Kingston and F. Marnell © National Parks and Wildlife Service 2009 ISSN 1393 - 6670 Inventory of Irish fauna ____________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................................1 Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................................2 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................3 Methodology........................................................................................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • Lum Et Al E Chupacabra.Pdf
    Zootaxa 1684: 35–57 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Euphilomedes chupacabra (Ostracoda: Myodocopida: Philomedidae), a new demersal marine species from coastal Puerto Rico with male-biased vespertine swimming activity KIMBERLY E. LUM, ANNA E. SYME, ANASTASIA K. SCHWAB & TODD H. OAKLEY1 University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new species of Philomedidae is described: Euphilomedes chupacabra from coastal Puerto Rico. This is the first described species of Euphilomedes from the Western Atlantic, a genus of particular interest for its sexually dimorphic lat- eral eyes. As E. chupacabra can be easily caught in large numbers and may have a short generation time, it has potential to be used as a laboratory animal to study questions of dimorphic eye development. Males of E. chupacabra are abundant in plankton for a short time; the average time of peak activity was 103.6 minutes after sunset, and the density range at the peak time on different nights was 24 to 862 males/m3. Males were preferentially attracted to pier lights. There is evidence that species from all myodocopid families display vespertine (post-sunset) migratory behavior, probably associated with mating. We hypothesize that vespertine planktonic mating is an adaptive behavior that exists in many myodocopids and is either the ancestral state for the group or partially or fully convergent in multiple species. Key words: systematics, taxonomy, lateral eye, laboratory animal, behavior, sunset, plankton Introduction Philomedidae is a family of ostracod crustaceans inhabiting marine systems around the world.
    [Show full text]
  • The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Benthic Ostracoda (Suborder Myodocopina)
    ISSN 0083-7903, 82 (Print) ISSN 2538-1016; 82 (Online) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Benthic Ostracoda (Suborder Myodocopina) by L. S. KORNICKER New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 82 1979 NEW ZEALAND DEPARTMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Benthic Ostracoda (Suborder Myodocopina) by L. S. KORNICKER Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 82 1979 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ ISSN 0083-7903 Received for publication: November 1976 © Crown Copyright 1979 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES 4 LIST OF TABLES 4 ABSTRACT 5 INTRODUCTION ...... 5 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 6 LIST OF STATIONS 6 ZooGEOGRAPHY ..... 7 SYSTEMATICS 8 Suborder Myodocopina Sars, 1866 8 Key to families in -the vicinity of New Zealand ..... 8 Family Cypridinidae Baird, 1850 ...... .... 8 Subfamily Cypridininae Baird, 1850 8 Key to genera in the vicinity of New Zealand ..... 8 Metavargula Kornicker, 1970 ...... .... 8 Key to species in the vicinity of New Zealand 9 Metavargu/a bradfordae n.sp. 9 Metavargula mazeri n.sp. ...... 13 V argula Skogsberg, 1920 17 Key to species in the vicinity of New Zealand 17 Vargula ascensus n.sp. 17 Cypridinodes Brady, 1902 20 Key to species in the vicinity of New Zealand 21 Cypridinodes concentrica n.sp.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Ostracoda, and a Revision of the Philomedidae (Myodocopina
    Harbansus, a New Genus of Marine Ostracoda, and a Revision of the Philomedidae (Myodocopina LOUIS S. KORNIGKER SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 260 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoo/ogy Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world cf science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review.
    [Show full text]
  • DUB DATP 69 NOTE 223P
    DOCUMENT RESUME FD 034 485 HE 001 209 mTmLP Smithsonian Tnstitution. Opportunities forResearch and Advanced Study 1970-1971. TNSTTTUTION Smithsonian Tnstitution, Washington, D.C. Officeof Academic Programs. DUB DATP 69 NOTE 223p. 'DRS PRICE EDRS Price MF-s1.00 1C511.25 DESCPIPTORS Anthropology, Arts Centers, BiologicalSciences, Biology, *Rducational Opportunities, Fine Arts, *Higher Education, Humanities, *Institutional Facilities, Libraries, Museums, *Opportunities, Physical Sciences, Programs, *Research, Resource Centers, Science History, Sciences TDENTIFIP,PS *Smithsonian Institution ABSTRACT This book describes study and research programsand facilities at the Smithsonian Institution in 9academic areas: 1) "istory of Science and Technology; 2)American Studies; 3) Cultural studies; 4) Museum Studies; 9) Anthropology; 6)Evolutionary and Systematic Biology; 7) Environmental Biology; 8)Evolutionary and Behavioral Biology, Tropical Zones; and 9) PhysicalSciences. Research programs are offered in most of these areas,but an investigator may be appointed Visiting Scholar orVisiting Scientist to pursue research independently. Theprincipal facilities are located in Washington, D.C. and Cambridge,Massachusetts and include museums, galleries, libraries,archives, and specialized centers. Programs at the Office of InternationalActivities and the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars are alsodescribed. Financial assistance is available for most typesof study and research. Biographies of the professional staff,their research interests,
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa: Euphilomedes Chupacabra
    Zootaxa 1684: 35–57 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Euphilomedes chupacabra (Ostracoda: Myodocopida: Philomedidae), a new demersal marine species from coastal Puerto Rico with male-biased vespertine swimming activity KIMBERLY E. LUM, ANNA E. SYME, ANASTASIA K. SCHWAB & TODD H. OAKLEY1 University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new species of Philomedidae is described: Euphilomedes chupacabra from coastal Puerto Rico. This is the first described species of Euphilomedes from the Western Atlantic, a genus of particular interest for its sexually dimorphic lat- eral eyes. As E. chupacabra can be easily caught in large numbers and may have a short generation time, it has potential to be used as a laboratory animal to study questions of dimorphic eye development. Males of E. chupacabra are abundant in plankton for a short time; the average time of peak activity was 103.6 minutes after sunset, and the density range at the peak time on different nights was 24 to 862 males/m3. Males were preferentially attracted to pier lights. There is evidence that species from all myodocopid families display vespertine (post-sunset) migratory behavior, probably associated with mating. We hypothesize that vespertine planktonic mating is an adaptive behavior that exists in many myodocopids and is either the ancestral state for the group or partially or fully convergent in multiple species. Key words: systematics, taxonomy, lateral eye, laboratory animal, behavior, sunset, plankton Introduction Philomedidae is a family of ostracod crustaceans inhabiting marine systems around the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Macrobenthic Communities in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Hypoxic Zone: Testing the Pearson-Rosenberg Model
    The University of Southern Mississippi The Aquila Digital Community Dissertations Fall 12-1-2015 Macrobenthic Communities in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Hypoxic Zone: Testing the Pearson-Rosenberg Model Shivakumar Shivarudrappa University of Southern Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/dissertations Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Biometry Commons, Environmental Health Commons, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment Commons, Environmental Monitoring Commons, Marine Biology Commons, Multivariate Analysis Commons, Oceanography Commons, Population Biology Commons, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons, and the Water Resource Management Commons Recommended Citation Shivarudrappa, Shivakumar, "Macrobenthic Communities in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Hypoxic Zone: Testing the Pearson-Rosenberg Model" (2015). Dissertations. 176. https://aquila.usm.edu/dissertations/176 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The University of Southern Mississippi MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO HYPOXIC ZONE: TESTING THE PEARSON-ROSENBERG MODEL by Shivakumar Shivarudrappa Abstract of a Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of The University of Southern Mississippi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2015 ABSTRACT MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO HYPOXIC ZONE: TESTING THE PEARSON-ROSENBERG MODEL by Shivakumar Shivarudrappa December 2015 The Pearson and Rosenberg (P-R) conceptual model of macrobenthic succession was used to assess the impact of hypoxia (dissolved oxygen [DO] ≤ 2 mg/L) on the macrobenthic community on the continental shelf of northern Gulf of Mexico for the first time.
    [Show full text]
  • West African Myodocopid Ostracoda (Cypridinidae, Philomedidae)
    West African Myodocopid Ostracoda (Cypridinidae, Philomedidae) LOUIS S. KORNICKER and FRANCISCA ELENA CARAION SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 241 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world cf science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogenetic Evidence for the Independent Evolutionary Origin of an Arthropod Compound Eye
    Molecular phylogenetic evidence for the independent evolutionary origin of an arthropod compound eye Todd H. Oakley† and Clifford W. Cunningham Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90325, Durham, NC 27708-0325 Edited by James W. Valentine, University of California, Berkeley, CA, and approved November 30, 2001 (received for review September 12, 2001) Eyes often take a central role in discussions of evolution, with within several groups lacking compound eyes. Based on this debate focused on how often such complex organs might have phylogeny, methods of character reconstruction significantly evolved. One such debate is whether arthropod compound eyes favor the independent origin of myodocopid compound eyes, are the product of single or multiple origins. Here we use molecular constituting the strongest phylogenetic evidence to date for phylogeny to address this long-standing debate and find results multiple origins of arthropod eyes. If this is not an independent favoring the multiple-origins hypothesis. Our analyses of DNA origin, and compound eyes were actually lost many times, then sequences encoding rRNA unequivocally indicate that myo- this is a case where commonly used methods of historical docopids—the only Ostracoda (Crustacea) with compound eyes— inference are positively and significantly misleading. are nested phylogenetically within several groups that lack com- pound eyes. With our well-supported phylogeny, standard Methods maximum likelihood (ML) character reconstruction methods sig- Taxa. Our analysis contains representatives of the major groups nificantly reconstruct ancestral ostracods as lacking compound of Ostracoda (13), with the possible exception of the Platyco- eyes. We also introduce a likelihood sensitivity analysis, and show pida, which lack both median and compound eyes and are often that the single-origin hypothesis is not significantly favored unless placed within the Podocopa (14).
    [Show full text]
  • Cave Fauna Management Plan Coordinator
    Management Plan for Bermuda’s Critically Endangered Cave Fauna Government of Bermuda Ministry of Health Seniors and Environment Department of Conservation Services Management Plan for Bermuda’s Critically Endangered Cave Fauna Prepared in Accordance with the Bermuda Protected Species Act 2003 Funded in part by: Department of Conservation Services Bermuda Zoological Society OTEP Primary Author This plan was prepared by: Annie Glasspool, Ph.D. Vice President, Bermuda Environmental Consulting Ltd. Hamilton, Bermuda Contact: Annie Glasspool, [email protected] Cover photo: Cave mictacean Mictocaris halope by Peter Parks Map prepared by Bernie Szukalski Published by Government of Bermuda Ministry of Health Seniors and Environment Department of Conservation Services “To conserve and restore Bermuda’s natural heritage” 2 CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES ................................................................................ 4 DISCLAIMER .................................................................................................................... 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 7 PART I: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 10 A. Brief overview.......................................................................................................... 10 B.
    [Show full text]