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Φυσıκοχηµıκή Ανάλυση Καı Μελέτη Iστορıκών Υφασµάτων

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Φυσıκοχηµıκή Ανάλυση Καı Μελέτη Iστορıκών Υφασµάτων ΑΟΗΠΡΝΡΔΙΔΗΝ ΞΑΛΔΞΗΠΡΖΚΗΝ ΘΔΠΠΑΙΝΛΗΘΖΠ ΞΝΙ΢ΡΔΣΛΗΘΖ ΠΣΝΙΖ ΑΕΏΟΘΔΘΏΟΕΖΛ ΜΝΛΓΝΏΘΘΏ ΘΒΟΏΜΟΠΡΕΏΖΣΙ ΞΜΛΠΑΣΙ «ΜΝΛΞΟΏΞΕΏ, ΞΠΙΟΔΝΔΞΔ & ΏΜΛΖΏΟΏΞΟΏΞΔ ΒΝΓΣΙ ΟΒΡΙΔΞ & ΘΔΡΏΙΕΞΘΣΙ» ΖΏΟΒΠΘΠΙΞΔ ΐ΄ Ώθαδεκατθφ έηνο 2012-2013 Γηπισκαηηθή Δξγαζία Φπζηθνρεκηθή αλάιπζε θαη κειέηε ηζηνξηθώλ πθαζκάησλ Θεραγηάο Κ. Γεκνζζέλεο Αξραηνιόγνο Α.Ξ.Θ Δπηβιέπνπζα θαζεγήηξηα : θ. ΐαξέιια Ώ. Βπαγγειία, Βπίθνπξνο Ζαζεγήηξηα Οκήκαηνο Ρεκείαο Ώ.Μ.Θ. Ρξηκειήο Δμεηαζηηθή Δπηηξνπή : θ. ΐαξέιια Ώ. Βπαγγειία, Βπίθ. Ζαζεγήηξηα Οκ. Ρεκείαο Ώ.Μ.Θ. θ. Ζαξαδέδνο Γεψξγηνο, Ώλαπι. Ζαζεγεηήο Οκ. Ώξρηηεθηφλσλ Θεραληθψλ Ώ.Μ.Θ. θ. Ζαξαπαλαγηψηεο Εσάλλεο, Βπίθ. Ζαζεγεηήο Ώ.Β.Ώ.Θ. Θεζζαινλίθε Αεθέκβξηνο 2012 ΑΟΗΠΡΝΡΔΙΔΗΝ ΞΑΛΔΞΗΠΡΖΚΗΝ ΘΔΠΠΑΙΝΛΗΘΖΠ ΞΝΙ΢ΡΔΣΛΗΘΖ ΠΣΝΙΖ ΑΕΏΟΘΔΘΏΟΕΖΛ ΜΝΛΓΝΏΘΘΏ ΘΒΟΏΜΟΠΡΕΏΖΣΙ ΞΜΛΠΑΣΙ «ΜΝΛΞΟΏΞΕΏ, ΞΠΙΟΔΝΔΞΔ & ΏΜΛΖΏΟΏΞΟΏΞΔ ΒΝΓΣΙ ΟΒΡΙΔΞ & ΘΔΡΏΙΕΞΘΣΙ» ΖΏΟΒΠΘΠΙΞΔ ΐ΄ Ώθαδεκατθφ έηνο 2012-2013 Αηπισκαηηθή Βξγαζία Φπζηθνρεκηθή αλάιπζε θαη κειέηε ηζηνξηθώλ πθαζκάησλ Ζεραγηάο Θ. Αεκνζζέλεο Ώξραηνιφγνο Ώ.Μ.Θ Δπηβιέπνπζα θαζεγήηξηα : θ. ΐαξέιια Ώ. Βπαγγειία, Βπίθνπξνο Ζαζεγήηξηα Οκήκαηνο Ρεκείαο Ώ.Μ.Θ. Ρξηκειήο Δμεηαζηηθή Δπηηξνπή : θ. ΐαξέιια Ώ. Βπαγγειία, Βπίθ. Ζαζεγήηξηα Οκ. Ρεκείαο Ώ.Μ.Θ. θ. Ζαξαδέδνο Γεψξγηνο, Ώλαπι. Ζαζεγεηήο Οκ. Ώξρηηεθηφλσλ Θεραληθψλ Ώ.Μ.Θ. θ. Ζαξαπαλαγηψηεο Εσάλλεο, Βπίθ. Ζαζεγεηήο Ώ.Β.Ώ.Θ. Θεζζαινλίθε Αεθέκβξηνο 2012 2 Ξεξηερόκελα Μξφινγνο 8 Βηζαγσγή 11 Abstract 14 Ζεθάιαην 1.Θεσξεηηθφ κέξνο 16 1.1 Ον Ηανγξαθηθφ Θνπζείν θαη Ώξρείν Ώ.Μ.Θ 16 1.2. Αεηγκαηνιεςία 17 1.3. Μεξηγξαθή δεηγκάησλ 18 1.4. Οαμηλφκεζε πθάλζηκσλ ηλψλ 51 1.4.1.Λξγαληθέο 51 1.4.2.Οερλεηέο 52 1.4.3.Δκηζπλζεηηθέο ή αλαγελλεκέλεο ίλεο 52 1.4.4.Ξπλζεηηθέο ή ρεκηθέο ίλεο 54 1.4.5.Ώλφξγαλεο 54 1.5. Ον καιιί 56 1.5.α. Εζηνξία ηνπ καιιηνχ 56 1.5.β. Ξχζηαζε κάιιηλεο ίλαο 56 1.5.γ. Ανκή κάιιηλεο ίλαο 59 1.5.δ. Βγρψξηεο απηφρζνλεο θπιέο πξνβάησλ 60 1.5.ε. Βπεμεξγαζία θαη κεηαπνίεζε ηνπ καιιηνχ 61 1.6. Μίινο (θεηζέο ή ηζφρα) 67 1.6.α. Ξχζηαζε 67 1.6.β. Εζηνξηθά ζηνηρεία 68 1.6.γ.Θέζνδνη πίιεζεο 70 1.6.γ.1.Πγξή πίιεζε 70 1.6.γ.2.Μίιεζε κε βειφλεο 73 1.6.γ.3.Θέζνδνο carroting 74 1.6.γ. Μαξαγσγή ηζφραο ζε βηνκεραληθή θιίκαθα 74 1.7. Ον θέζη 75 1.8. Ον κεηάμη 78 3 1.8.α. Εζηνξηθά ζηνηρεία 78 1.8.β. Ξχζηαζε κεηαμσηήο ίλαο 80 1.8.γ. Ξεξνηξνθία 81 1.8.γ.1. Βθθφιαςε κεηαμφζπνξνπ 82 1.8.γ.2. Βθηξνθή κεηαμνζθψιεθα 83 1.8.γ.3. Ζιάδσκα 84 1.8.γ.4. Κεθιάδσκα 86 1.8.γ.5. Ώπφπλημε ησλ θνπθνπιηψλ 87 1.8.γ.6. Αηαινγή θνπθνπιηψλ 87 1.8.γ.7. Ώλαπήληζε ηλψλ 87 1.8.γ.8. Ζιψζε λεκάησλ 88 1.8.γ.9. Ηεχθαλζε 88 1.8.δ. ΐαζηθνί ηχπνη κεηαμσηψλ πθαζκάησλ 89 1.8.ε. Δ κεηαμνπξγία ζηελ Βιιάδα 90 1.9. Ον βακβάθη 91 1.9.α. ΐνηαλνινγηθά ζηνηρεία 91 1.9.β. Εζηνξηθά ζηνηρεία 94 1.9.γ. Ρεκηθή ζχζηαζε βακβαθεξήο ίλαο 98 1.9.δ. Ανκή ηεο βακβαθεξήο ίλαο 99 1.9.ε. Μνηνηηθά ραξαθηεξηζηηθά κηαο βακβαθεξήο ίλαο 101 1.9.ζη. Βπεμεξγαζία βάκβαθνο 102 1.9.ζη.1. Ξπιινγή ζχζπνξνπ βακβαθηνχ 102 1.9.ζη.2. Κήξαλζε 102 1.9.ζη.3. Βθθφθθηζε 102 1.9.ζη.4. Ζαζαξηζκφο 103 1.9.ζη.5. Αεκαηνπνίεζε 104 1.9.ζη.6. Ζαζαξηζκφο & Ηεχθαλζε 104 1.9.ζη.7. Ιεκαηνπνίεζε 105 1.10. Δ Ζάλλαβε 107 1.10.α. ΐνηαλνινγηθά ζηνηρεία 107 1.10.β. Εζηνξηθά ζηνηρεία 111 1.10.γ. Ξπνξά 113 4 1.10.δ. Ξπγθνκηδή 113 1.10.ε. Βπεμεξγαζία θάλλαβεο θαη λεκαηνπνίεζε 113 1.10.ζη. Ζαλλαβνπξγεία : ε ειιεληθή βηνκεραλία θάλλαβεο 117 Ζεθάιαην 2. Μεηξακαηηθφ κέξνο 119 2.1. Διεθηξνληθή κηθξνζθνπία ζάξσζεο (SEM) 119 2.1.α. ΐαζηθέο αξρέο 119 2.1.β. Λξγαλνινγία 119 2.1.γ. Μεηξακαηηθή δηαδηθαζία 121 2.1.δ. Βπεμεξγαζία δεηγκάησλ 121 2.1.ε. Ώπνηειέζκαηα 122 2.1.ζη. Οερλνινγία θαηαζθεπήο ηνπ κεηαιιηθνχ λήκαηνο ηνπ δείγκαηνο 13 155 2.1.δ. Ξηνηρεηνκεηξηθή κηθξναλάιπζε (SEM-EDS) δείγκαηνο 13 156 2.1.δ.1. Ώπνηειέζκαηα 157 2.2. Διεθηξνληθή κηθξνζθνπία δηέιεπζεο (TEM) 160 2.2.α. ΐαζηθέο αξρέο 160 2.2.β. Λξγαλνινγία 160 2.2.γ. Μξνεηνηκαζία δεηγκάησλ 160 2.2.δ. Ώπνηειέζκαηα 164 2.3. Πγξή ρξσκαηνγξαθία πςειήο απφδνζεο (HPLC) 168 2.3.α. ΐαζηθέο αξρέο 168 2.3.β. Μεηξακαηηθή δηάηαμε 168 2.3.γ. Αηαδηθαζία πξνεηνηκαζίαο ησλ δεηγκάησλ 169 2.3.δ. Ώπνηειέζκαηα 171 2.4. Φαζκαηνζθνπία FT-IR 226 2.4.α. Ώξρέο θαζκαηνζθνπίαο FT-IR 226 2.4.β. Μεηξακαηηθή δηαδηθαζία 227 2.4.γ. Ώπνηειέζκαηα 227 2.5. Φαζκαηνζθνπία νξαηνχ ππεξηψδνπο δηαρεφκελεο αλάθιαζεο (Uv-Vis DRS) 231 2.5.α. ΐαζηθέο αξρέο κεζφδνπ 231 2.5.β. Μεηξακαηηθή δηαδηθαζία 232 5 2.5.γ. Λξγαλνινγία 233 2.5.δ. ΐαζκνλφκεζε νξγάλνπ 234 2.5.ε. Ώπνηειέζκαηα 235 2.5.ζη. Ώλάιπζε θαη απνηίκεζε θαζκάησλ 235 2.5. Οαπηνπνηεκέλεο ρξσζηηθέο 238 2.5.α. Λξγαληθέο θπηηθέο ρξσζηηθέο 238 2.5.α.1. Βξπζξφδαλν ην βαθηθφ ή ξηδάξη 238 2.5.α.1.1. ΋λνκα 238 2.5.α.1.2. ΐνηαλνινγηθά ζηνηρεία 239 2.5.α.1.3. Εζηνξηθά ζηνηρεία 240 2.5.α.1.4. Μνηνηηθφο δηαρσξηζκφο, έιεγρνο θαη λνζείεο 242 2.5.α.1.5. Ρξσκνθφξεο ελψζεηο 243 2.5.α.1.6. ΐαθηθή δηεξγαζία 245 2.5.α.2. Νάκλνο 247 2.5.α.2.1. ΐνηαλνινγηθά ζηνηρεία 247 2.5.α.2.2. Εζηνξηθά ζηνηρεία 249 2.5.α.2.3. Ρξσκνθφξεο ελψζεηο 249 2.5.α.2.4. ΐαθηθή δηεξγαζία 252 2.5.α.3. Νεδεδά 254 2.5.α.3.1. ΋λνκα 254 2.5.α.3.2. ΐνηαλνινγηθά ζηνηρεία 254 2.5.α.3.3. Ρξσκνθφξεο ελψζεηο 255 2.5.α.3.4. ΐαθηθή δηεξγαζία 255 2.5.α.4. ΐξαδηιηαλφ αηκαηφμπιν 258 2.5.α.4.1. ΋λνκα 258 2.5.α.4.2. ΐνηαλνινγηθά ζηνηρεία 258 2.5.α.4.3. Εζηνξηθά ζηνηρεία 259 2.5.α.4.4. Ρξσκνθφξεο ελψζεηο 260 2.5.α.4.5. ΐαθηθή δηεξγαζία 260 2.5.α.4. Οαλίλεο 263 2.5.β. Δκηζπλζεηηθέο ρξσζηηθέο 265 2.5.β.1. Θπιε ηεο Ξαμνλίαο ή indigo carmine 265 6 2.5.β.1.1. Εζηνξηθά ζηνηρεία 265 2.5.β.1.2. ΐαθηθή δηεξγαζία 267 2.5.γ. Ξπλζεηηθέο ρξσζηηθέο 269 2.5.γ.1. Θπιε ηεο Μξσζίαο 269 2.5.γ.1.1. ΋λνκα 269 2.5.γ.1.2. Ξχλζεζε 269 2.5.γ.1.3. Εζηνξηθά ζηνηρεία 270 2.5.γ.1.4. ΐαθηθή δηεξγαζία 271 Ζεθάιαην 3. Ξπκπεξάζκαηα 273 ΐηβιηνγξαθία 278 7 Ξξόινγνο Δ παξνχζα εξγαζία εθπνλήζεθε ζηα πιαίζηα ηνπ Αηαηκεκαηηθνχ Μξνγξάκκαηνο Θεηαπηπρηαθψλ Ξπνπδψλ (Α.Μ.Θ.Ξ) ζηελ «Μξνζηαζία, Ξπληήξεζε θαη Ώπνθαηάζηαζε Έξγσλ Οέρλεο θαη Θεραληζκψλ» (Βπηζηήκε ηεο Ξπληήξεζεο) ηεο Μνιπηερληθήο Ξρνιήο ηνπ Ώξηζηνηειείνπ Μαλεπηζηεκίνπ ηεο Θεζζαινλίθεο. Δ εθπφλεζή ηεο έγηλε ππφ ηελ επίβιεςε ηεο θαο Βπαγγειίαο ΐαξέιια, Βπίθνπξεο Ζαζεγήηξηαο ηνπ ηκήκαηνο Λξγαληθήο Ρεκείαο Ώ.Μ.Θ, ηελ νπνία ζα ήζεια λα επραξηζηήζσ ζεξκά γηα ηελ επηζηεκνληθή θαζνδήγεζε, ηε ζεξκή ζπλδξνκή θαη ηελ εκπηζηνζχλε κε ηελ νπνία πεξηέβαιε ηελ παξνχζα εξγαζία θαη ηέινο, ηελ επραξηζηψ γηα ηε ζπλερή θαη ακέξηζηε ππνζηήξημε, ηελ πνιχηηκε βνήζεηα πνπ κνπ πξνζέθεξε ζε φιε ηε δηάξθεηα ησλ κεηαπηπρηαθψλ κνπ ζπνπδψλ, φπσο επίζεο γηα ηελ νηθνλνκηθή ππνζηήξημε θαη ηε ρξεκαηνδφηεζε ηεο κεηάβαζεο θαη παξακνλήο κνπ ζην Μαιέξκν γηα ηε δηεμαγσγή ελφο πνιχ ζεκαληηθνχ κέξνπο ηεο έξεπλάο κνπ. Λη δξφκνη ηεο έξεπλαο πνπ κνπ ππέδεημε ζα απνηεινχλ νδεγφ κνπ ζην κέιινλ. Οέινο ηελ επραξηζηψ ηδηαίηεξα γηα ηε δπλαηφηεηα πνπ κνπ παξείρε λα δηδαρζψ θαη λα ρξεζηκνπνηήζσ ηε θαζκαηνζθνπία νξαηνχ ππεξηψδνπο δηαρεφκελεο αλάθιαζεο (Uv-Vis - DRS) ζην Οκήκα Ρεκείαο θαη ηε ρεκηθφ θα Βπδνμία-Θαξία ΐάξθα γηα θάζε βνήζεηα ζηηο θαζκαηνζθνπηηθέο κεηξήζεηο. Θεξκφηαηα επραξηζηψ ηελ θα Βιενλψξα Ξθνπηέξε - Αηδαζθάινπ, Βπίθνπξε Ζαζεγήηξηα ηνπ Ονκέα Ιεφηεξεο θαη Ξχγρξνλεο Εζηνξίαο, Ηανγξαθίαο θαη Ζνηλσληθήο Ώλζξσπνινγίαο Ώ.Μ.Θ. γηα ηελ επγεληθή παξαρψξεζε ησλ δεηγκάησλ ηεο παξνχζαο κειέηεο. Βπραξηζηψ επίζεο ηηο ζπλεξγάηηδέο ηεο θα Ώθξηβνπνχινπ Θάιεηα, Ώξραηνιφγν θαη ηελ θα Ηηφληνπ Ιεθέιε, Ώξραηνιφγν - Θνπζεηνιφγν γηα ηηο εμαηξεηηθέο θσηνγξαθίεο ησλ ηζηνξηθψλ πθαζκάησλ θαη γηα θάζε πνιχηηκε πιεξνθνξία θαη βνήζεηα. Βπραξηζηψ ζεξκά ηελ θα Βιέλε Μαπιίδνπ, Ώλαπιεξψηξηα Ζαζεγήηξηα ζην Οκήκα Φπζηθήο, Ξρνιή Θεηηθψλ Βπηζηεκψλ Ώ.Μ.Θ. γηα ηε κειέηε ησλ δεηγκάησλ ζην ειεθηξνληθφ κηθξνζθφπην ζάξσζεο (SEM) ηνπ ηκήκαηνο 8 Φπζηθήο Ώ.Μ.Θ., ηηο νπζηαζηηθέο ηεο επηζηεκνληθέο παξαηεξήζεηο θαη ηηο ρξήζηκεο ππνδείμεηο. Εδηαίηεξεο επραξηζηίεο νθείισ επίζεο ζηνλ Αξ. Ρεκηθφ Θεραληθφ θ. Εσάλλε Ζαξαπαλαγηψηε, Βπίθνπξν Ζαζεγεηή ηεο Ώλσηάηεο Βθθιεζηαζηηθήο Ώθαδεκίαο Θεζζαινλίθεο, Μξφγξακκα Ξπνπδψλ Αηαρείξηζεο Βθθιεζηαζηηθψλ Ζεηκειίσλ θαη κέινο ηεο ηξηκεινχο κνπ Ξπκβνπιεπηηθήο Βπηηξνπήο, γηα ηελ πξφζπκε απνδνρή ηεο ζπκκεηνρήο ηνπ ζηελ ηξηκειή επηηξνπή, γηα ηε δηεμαγσγή ελφο κέξνπο ηεο έξεπλάο κνπ ζην εξγαζηήξην ηεο Πγξήο Ρξσκαηνγξαθίαο Πςειήο Ώπφδνζεο (HPLC), γηα ηε ρξήζε ηνπ νπηηθνχ κηθξνζθνπίνπ θαη ηνπ ζηεξενκηθξνζθνπίνπ ηεο Ώθαδεκίαο, γηα ην ρξφλν πνπ αθηέξσζε ζηε κειέηε ηεο παξνχζαο εξγαζίαο, θαζψο θαη γηα ηηο ζπλερείο θαη γφληκεο ζπδεηήζεηο γηα ηα απνηειέζκαηα ηεο έξεπλαο πνπ αθνξνχλ ζηηο νξγαληθέο ρξσζηηθέο. Ξην ζεκείν απηφ νθείισ λα επραξηζηήζσ ηε ζπλεξγάηηδα ηνπ θνπ Ζαξαπαλαγηψηε, ρεκηθφ κεραληθφ - εξεπλήηξηα θα Ζακαηεξνχ Μαξαζθεπή δίρσο ηελ αλεθηίκεηε βνήζεηα ηεο νπνίαο ζα ήηαλ αδχλαηε ε εξκελεία, ε θαηαλφεζε θαη ε παξνπζίαζε ησλ απνηειεζκάησλ ηεο πγξήο ρξσκαηνγξαθίαο. Ώπφ ηελ Βθθιεζηαζηηθή Ώθαδεκία Θεζζαινλίθεο ζα ήζεια λα επραξηζηήζσ ηδηαίηεξα θαη ηνλ Αξ. θπζηθφ - εξεπλεηή, θ. Αεκήηξην Ηακπάθε, Μξφγξακκα Ξπνπδψλ Αηαρείξηζεο Βθθιεζηαζηηθψλ Ζεηκειίσλ, Ώλσηάηε Βθθιεζηαζηηθή Ώθαδεκία Θεζζαινλίθεο, γηα ηε δηεμαγσγή κεηξήζεσλ κε θαζκαηνζθνπία ππεξχζξνπ κεηαζρεκαηηζκνχ Fourier (FTIR) ζηα εξγαζηήξηα ηεο Ώθαδεκίαο, φπσο επίζεο γηα ηελ εξκελεία θαη ηελ αλάιπζε ησλ απνηειεζκάησλ. Βπραξηζηψ ζεξκά ηνλ θ. Γεψξγην Ζαξαδέδν, Ώλαπιεξσηή Ζαζεγεηή ηνπ ηκήκαηνο Ώξρηηεθηφλσλ ηεο Μνιπηερληθήο Ξρνιήο ηνπ Ώ.Μ.Θ. θαη κέινο ηεο ηξηκεινχο κνπ Ξπκβνπιεπηηθήο Βπηηξνπήο γηα ηελ πξφζπκε απνδνρή ηεο ζπκκεηνρήο ηνπ ζηελ επηηξνπή, γηα ην ρξφλν πνπ αθηέξσζε ζηε κειέηε ηεο παξνχζαο εξγαζίαο θαη γηα ηελ θαιή ζπλεξγαζία. Βπραξηζηίεο νθείισ θαη ζηνλ θν Αεκήηξην Οζηπά, Ζαζεγεηή ηνπ ηκήκαηνο Θεραλνιφγσλ Θεραληθψλ Ώ.Μ.Θ.
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    NNT : 2016SACLS250 THESE DE DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE PARIS-SACLAY, préparée à l’Université Paris-Sud ÉCOLE DOCTORALE N° 567 Sciences du Végétal : du Gène à l’Ecosystème Spécialité de doctorat (Biologie) Par Mlle Nour Abdel Samad Titre de la thèse (CARACTERISATION GENETIQUE DU GENRE IRIS EVOLUANT DANS LA MEDITERRANEE ORIENTALE) Thèse présentée et soutenue à « Beyrouth », le « 21/09/2016 » : Composition du Jury : M., Tohmé, Georges CNRS (Liban) Président Mme, Garnatje, Teresa Institut Botànic de Barcelona (Espagne) Rapporteur M., Bacchetta, Gianluigi Università degli Studi di Cagliari (Italie) Rapporteur Mme, Nadot, Sophie Université Paris-Sud (France) Examinateur Mlle, El Chamy, Laure Université Saint-Joseph (Liban) Examinateur Mme, Siljak-Yakovlev, Sonja Université Paris-Sud (France) Directeur de thèse Mme, Bou Dagher-Kharrat, Magda Université Saint-Joseph (Liban) Co-directeur de thèse UNIVERSITE SAINT-JOSEPH FACULTE DES SCIENCES THESE DE DOCTORAT DISCIPLINE : Sciences de la vie SPÉCIALITÉ : Biologie de la conservation Sujet de la thèse : Caractérisation génétique du genre Iris évoluant dans la Méditerranée Orientale. Présentée par : Nour ABDEL SAMAD Pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR ÈS SCIENCES Soutenue le 21/09/2016 Devant le jury composé de : Dr. Georges TOHME Président Dr. Teresa GARNATJE Rapporteur Dr. Gianluigi BACCHETTA Rapporteur Dr. Sophie NADOT Examinateur Dr. Laure EL CHAMY Examinateur Dr. Sonja SILJAK-YAKOVLEV Directeur de thèse Dr. Magda BOU DAGHER KHARRAT Directeur de thèse Titre : Caractérisation Génétique du Genre Iris évoluant dans la Méditerranée Orientale. Mots clés : Iris, Oncocyclus, région Est-Méditerranéenne, relations phylogénétiques, status taxonomique. Résumé : Le genre Iris appartient à la famille des L’approche scientifique est basée sur de nombreux Iridacées, il comprend plus de 280 espèces distribuées outils moléculaires et génétiques tels que : l’analyse de à travers l’hémisphère Nord.
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  • Tribe Species Secretory Structure Compounds Organ References Incerteae Sedis Alphitonia Sp. Epidermis, Idioblasts, Cavities
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  • International Organization of Plant Biosystematists
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  • Ecological Checklist of the Missouri Flora for Floristic Quality Assessment
    Ladd, D. and J.R. Thomas. 2015. Ecological checklist of the Missouri flora for Floristic Quality Assessment. Phytoneuron 2015-12: 1–274. Published 12 February 2015. ISSN 2153 733X ECOLOGICAL CHECKLIST OF THE MISSOURI FLORA FOR FLORISTIC QUALITY ASSESSMENT DOUGLAS LADD The Nature Conservancy 2800 S. Brentwood Blvd. St. Louis, Missouri 63144 [email protected] JUSTIN R. THOMAS Institute of Botanical Training, LLC 111 County Road 3260 Salem, Missouri 65560 [email protected] ABSTRACT An annotated checklist of the 2,961 vascular taxa comprising the flora of Missouri is presented, with conservatism rankings for Floristic Quality Assessment. The list also provides standardized acronyms for each taxon and information on nativity, physiognomy, and wetness ratings. Annotated comments for selected taxa provide taxonomic, floristic, and ecological information, particularly for taxa not recognized in recent treatments of the Missouri flora. Synonymy crosswalks are provided for three references commonly used in Missouri. A discussion of the concept and application of Floristic Quality Assessment is presented. To accurately reflect ecological and taxonomic relationships, new combinations are validated for two distinct taxa, Dichanthelium ashei and D. werneri , and problems in application of infraspecific taxon names within Quercus shumardii are clarified. CONTENTS Introduction Species conservatism and floristic quality Application of Floristic Quality Assessment Checklist: Rationale and methods Nomenclature and taxonomic concepts Synonymy Acronyms Physiognomy, nativity, and wetness Summary of the Missouri flora Conclusion Annotated comments for checklist taxa Acknowledgements Literature Cited Ecological checklist of the Missouri flora Table 1. C values, physiognomy, and common names Table 2. Synonymy crosswalk Table 3. Wetness ratings and plant families INTRODUCTION This list was developed as part of a revised and expanded system for Floristic Quality Assessment (FQA) in Missouri.
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  • Tracheophyte of Xiao Hinggan Ling in China: an Updated Checklist
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  • The Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines MATSUMURA Is the Main Sap-Sucking Pest on Soybeans Glycine Max
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by K-State Research Exchange Source: Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology [Nihon Oyo Dobutsu Konchu Gakkai Shi., ISSN: 0021-4914] (1993) v.37(4) p.207-212 Translated by Naoyuki Ochiai, Oregon State University; Edited by Mohan Ramaswamy, Kansas State University, 2003 Life cycle of the soybean aphid Aphis glycines Matsumura, in Japan TAKAHASHI, Shigeru; INAIZUMI, Mitsumaru; KAWAKAMI, Koji (Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321, Japan) The soybean aphid Aphis glycines MATSUMURA is the main sap-sucking pest on soybeans Glycine max. In Japan, it is distributed from Hokkaido to Kyushu (Sakai, 1949); abroad, it is found in Korea, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Malay (Paik, 1965), the Phillipines (Takahashi, 1966), and India (Raychaudhuri et al., 1980). In addition to soybeans, wild Glycine species are known to be a secondary host. Matsumura reported this aphid species on soybean (1917a) and in the same year recorded that its eggs over-wintered on plants belonging to the wild pea family (1917b). Shindo (1928, 1932) originally identified Kitsunenomago Justicia procumbens and purplish amaranth Amaranthus blitum as primary hosts, but later retracted and reported that the eggs over-winter in the roots of the Japanese chaff flower Acyranthes japonica (1941). However, Sakai (1949, 1950a, b) showed in greenhouse studies that this aphid does not over-winter in the chaff flower, and concluded that the species found on chaff flower was actually Aphis justiciae SHINJI which Shindo (1928) considered to be the same as Aphis glycines.
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  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of San Diego County 5Th Edition
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  • Enter Your Title Here in All Capital Letters
    DIFFERENT SOURCES OF RESISTANCE IN SOYBEAN AGAINST SOYBEAN APHID BIOTYPES by PREDEESH CHANDRAN B.S., Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, India, 2006 A THESIS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Entomology College of Agriculture KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2011 Approved by: Major Professor John C. Reese Copyright PREDEESH CHANDRAN 2011 Abstract The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, arrived first to North America during the midst of 2000. It is a very fast spreading insect and causes a high yield loss of above 50% in most of the soybean growing tracts of United States. Another important economic threat is it’s ability to transmit some viruses to soybean. Studies to control this exotic pest started early during the year of its arrival. But a complete integrated pest management (IPM) approach that includes a combination of different control measures has yet to be completely developed. Host plant resistance is one component of integrated pest management and is more sustainable than any other control methods against this insect. In the first study, more than 80 genotypes were screened with two given aphid biotypes, biotype 1 and biotype 2. It was found that the genotypes that were earlier resistant to biotype 1 (K1639, K1642, K1613 K1621, Dowling and Jackson) were susceptible to the new biotype 2 with large populations developing on these genotypes. But we found three new Kansas genotypes that showed resistance only against biotype 1, but not against biotype 2. However, the two of the Michigan genotypes (E06902 and E07906-2) showed resistance to both biotype 1and biotype 2.
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  • Université De Montréal Évaluation Du Potentiel Des Parasitoïdes Binodoxys Communis, Aphidius Colemani Et Aphelinus Certus Po
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  • Planta Medica
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  • Hevein‑Like Peptides in Plants : Discovery, Characterization and Molecular Diversity
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