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L'histoire Des Vins Du Val De Loire, France

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L'histoire Des Vins Du Val De Loire, France L’histoire des vins DU VAL DE LOIRE, FRANCE Si les Romains ont planté les premiers ceps au bord du rivage atlantique, c’est aux princes et prélats du temps des rois de France que la vigne du Val de Loire doit son Carte du vignoble ....................................................................................................................... p 4-5 développement et sa diversité. Le vignoble des vins de Loire ...................................................................................................... p 6-7 Au IVe et Ve siècle, ce sont les religieux qui cultivent la vigne. A 4 grands terroirs de production ................................................................................................p 8-11 cette époque, la Loire devient un moyen de circulation idéal. Elle Les blancs ..............................................................................................................................p 12-13 a ainsi grandement favorisé le développement des vignobles, en facilitant le commerce entre les différents ports fluviaux. Les rouges..............................................................................................................................p 14-15 Les rosés ................................................................................................................................p 16-17 A la fin du XIXe siècle, comme pratiquement tous les vignobles du monde, les vignobles de la Loire eurent à souffrir de la crise du Les fines bulles .......................................................................................................................p 18-19 phylloxéra, les détruisant en grande partie. Les anciens cépages ont été Découvrir le vignoble en région Pays de la Loire .....................................................................p 20-21 greffés à des pieds de vigne plus résistants et ont permis la production d’appellations de grands renoms. Accords mets et vins ...............................................................................................................p 22-23 Aujourd’hui, le Val de Loire possède 85 appellations et dénominations, sans oublier une grande variété de Vins De Pays (VDP). Le Val de Loire (entre Sully-sur-Loire et Chalonnes-sur-Loire) a été classé au 2000 ans d’histoire Patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO. 2 3 LE VIGNOBLE DES VINS DE LOIRE LE MANS ORLÉANS Orléans Anjou-Villages Coteaux du Loire Jasnières Vendômois Orléans-Cléry Savennières Coteaux de Savennières l’Aubance Coteaux Coteaux du Coulée de Serrant Anjou-Villages Giennois du Loir BLOIS Savennières Brissac Anjou Roches aux Moines Coteaux Touraine Cheverny ANGERS de Saumur Mesland Muscadet Cour-Cheverny Vouvray AMBOISE Coteaux de la Loire Bonnezeaux TOURS Saint-Nicolas- Touraine Touraine Loire Coteaux Anjou Bourgueil Montlouis- Amboise Oisly Pouilly-sur-Loire Coteaux de de-Bourgueil NANTES d’Ancenis Anjou Touraine sur-Loire Pouilly-Fumé la Loire SAUMUR Touraine Sancerre Touraine VIERZON Muscadet Rosé d’Anjou Azay-le-Rideau Menetou- Salon Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine Anjou Chinon Noble-Joué Côtes de Grandlieu Cabernet Valençay Coteaux d’Anjou CHOLET du Layon Quincy Gros Plant Muscadet Premier Cru BOURGES du Pays Nantais Chaume Saumur Rosé Touraine Reuilly Chenonceaux Coteaux Coteaux Crémant de Loire Quarts de Chaume du Layon Crémant de Loire & Rosé de loire Grand Cru du Layon & Rosé de loire “Villages” CHÂTEAUROUX Saumur Saumur-Champigny Saumur Brut Saumur Haut Poitou Châteaumeillant Fiefs Vendéens Puy-Notre-Dame LES SABLES-D’OLONNE POITIERS 4 5 LE VIGNOBLE ES C N LL LA ROSÉ B DES VINS DE LOIRE ROUGE INES BU F % DE PRODUCTION paR COULEUR 3ÈME VIGNOBLE 4 TERROIRS DE 47% 9% DU VIN er DE FRANCE PRODUCTION : 24% 20% 1 EN SUPERFICIE : • le pays nantais 70 000 HECTARES • l’anjou et le saumurois LES VINS DE LOIRE • la touraine • le centre 420 000 000 PRODUCTEUR DE BOUTEILLES 16% EN VIN BLANC VENDUES paR AN à l’export AOC source : France Agrimer ENVIRON 85 APPELLATIONS ET DÉNOMINATIONS 3 200 000 1ER VIGNOBLE HECTOLITRES œnotouristique DE FRANCE RECONNU POUR LA QUALITÉ DE SON ACCUEIL VOLUME DE PRODUCTION (ex aeoquo avec l’alsace) 6 Chiffres 2016 - Régions Pays de la Loire et Centre Val de Loire 7 4 GRANDS TERROIRS DE PRODUCTION LE MANS Gravitant autour de ces 4 grandes zones de production, des terroirs plus petits tels que les Fiefs Vendéens, le Haut Poitou, … font la richesse et la diversité des vins du ORLÉANS Orléans vignoble de Loire. Coteaux du Loire Jasnières Vendômois Orléans-Cléry Coteaux Coteaux du Giennois LES VINS DE NANTES du Loir BLOIS Anjou S’étirant de l’Océan Atlantique vers les terres, le vignoble de Nantes Touraine Cheverny ANGERS Mesland est caractérisé par de grandes variations climatiques qui donnent Muscadet Cour-Cheverny Vouvray à chaque millésime une spécificité particulière aux notes minérales Coteaux de la Loire AMBOISE Saint-Nicolas- TOURS Touraine et marines notamment pour le “Muscadet”, le plus connu Touraine Loire Coteaux Anjou de-Bourgueil Bourgueil Montlouis- Amboise Oisly Pouilly-sur-Loire d’entre tous. d’Ancenis Coteaux de sur-Loire NANTES la Loire Anjou Touraine Sancerre Pouilly-Fumé Ce vin blanc, synonyme de fête, est un vin SAUMUR Touraine Muscadet Rosé d’Anjou Azay-le-Rideau VIERZON Menetou- sec qui s’accompagne à la dégustation Salon Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine Anjou Chinon Noble-Joué d’un discret parfum floral, fruité et/ Côtes de Grandlieu Cabernet Valençay d’Anjou ou minéral et il s’amplifie lorsqu’il CHOLET Quincy est vinifié sur lie (un dépôt suite Gros Plant Muscadet BOURGES de la fermentation alcoolique). du Pays Nantais Reuilly Les Coteaux d’Ancenis, rouges, blancs ou rosés, s’offrent avec des arômes fruités aux amateurs de CHÂTEAUROUX vins tendres. Le Gros Plant est un vin blanc vif, réputé pour s’harmoniser avec Haut Poitou Châteaumeillant les fruits de mer, et plus particulièrement Fiefs Vendéens les huîtres. LES SABLES-D’OLONNE POITIERS Les vins d’ANJOU ET DE SAUMUR Avec un climat tempéré sur une grande diversité de sols, le terroir d’Anjou et de Saumur dispose d’une étonnante richesse de vins. Les vins blancs secs sont fruités et racés et les vins blancs liquoreux sont généreux et aromatiques. Les vins rouges sont de couleur rubis avec des notes de fruits rouges très agréables dès leur jeunesse. Les rosés, secs ou tendres, parfumés et légers, sont toujours agréables à boire frais en toutes circonstances. Les vins à fines bulles, blancs ou rosés, sont à l’image de leur région toute en finesse et élégance. 8 9 4 GRANDS TERROIRS DE PRODUCTION LE MANS LES VINS DU CENTRE ORLÉANS Le vignoble du Centre-Loire présente des terroirs permettant la Orléans Coteaux du Loire production de grands vins blancs. Jasnières Vendômois Orléans-Cléry Ces vins sont fins, alertes et pleins de fruits, avec des arômes Coteaux du évoquant le genêt et la feuille de cassis, qui évoluent souvent vers Coteaux du Loir Giennois les agrumes et l’acacia. Le vignoble du Centre-Loire offre également BLOIS des vins rouges souples et parfumés, pleins et longs en bouche, Anjou ANGERS Touraine Cheverny et des rosés d’une grande finesse, aux arômes délicats évoquant Mesland Muscadet Cour-Cheverny souventCoteaux les fruits d’automne. de la Loire TOURS Vouvray AMBOISE Saint-Nicolas- Touraine Touraine Loire Coteaux Anjou de-Bourgueil Bourgueil Montlouis- Amboise Oisly Pouilly-sur-Loire Coteaux de NANTES d’Ancenis Anjou Touraine sur-Loire Pouilly-Fumé LES VINS DE TOURAINE la Loire SAUMUR Touraine Sancerre Muscadet Rosé d’Anjou Azay-le-Rideau VIERZON Menetou- Située au sud-ouest du Bassin Parisien, la Touraine est une Salon Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine Anjou Chinon Noble-Joué zone de confluence : sur son territoire, le Cher, l’IndreCôtes et dela Grandlieu Cabernet Valençay d’Anjou Vienne rejoignent la Loire. Le vignoble, long d’une centaine CHOLET Quincy BOURGES de kilomètres, s’étend sur les coteaux calcaires,Gros bordant Plant les Muscadet du Pays Nantais vallées depuis la forêt de Sologne à l’est jusqu’aux limites Reuilly de l’Anjou à l’ouest. Le vignoble couvre dix-huit Appellations d’Origine Contrôlée. Il bénéficie d’un climat océanique permettant l’épanouissement d’une CHÂTEAUROUX gamme de vins de garde d’une grande diversité : des vins rouges riches, amples et corsés ou plus Haut Poitou Châteaumeillant Fiefs Vendéens délicats, à boire jeunes ; des blancs secs, demi- POITIERS secs et moelleux ; LESdes fines SABLES-D’OLONNE bulles légères et agréables ; des rosés à la belle robe claire. 10 11 LES APPELLATIONS AOC OU AOP EN VINS BLANCS SONT : PAYS NANTAIS CÉPAGES PRINCIPAUX Touraine Chardonnay, Chenin, Muscadet* Melon de Bourgogne Sauvignon, l’Arbois Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine* Melon de Bourgogne Touraine Amboise Chenin LES VINS BLANCS Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire* Melon de Bourgogne Touraine Azay-le-Rideau Chenin Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu* Melon de Bourgogne Touraine Chenonceaux Sauvignon Secs, demi-secs, moelleux ou liquoreux, le vignoble de la Loire est le 1er producteur Muscadet Cru Communaux : Touraine Mesland Chardonnay, Chenin, de vins blancs tranquilles en France et une palette riche en goût grâce à ses terroirs. Clisson, Gorges, Le Pallet Melon de Bourgogne Sauvignon Coteaux d’Ancenis Pinot Gris, Chenin Touraine Oisly Sauvignon Les « secs » se caractérisent surtout par leur fraicheur, leur souplesse et leur finesses Gros Plant des Pays Nantais* Folle Blanche, Colombard B, Valençay Sauvignon, Chardonnay et aux arômes délicats. A l’opposé, les « liquoreux » s’affirment en rondeur et expression Montils B Arbois grâce à la récolte par tris successifs de raisins surmûris. * également produit
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