First Portal Image Based on Cherenkov Radiation
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07/08 Annual Review Together for a Cancer- Free Future
07/08 Annual Review Together for a cancer- free future 07/08 Annual Review Together for a Cancer Free Future 01 Contents Message from Message from the Board Chair and CEO 01 the Board Chair Articles It computes: mining data for promising drugs 12 and CEO Walking beyond grief sends a message of hope 13 Sowing the seeds of a legacy 14 The first part of the team is our donors. Non-smoker tackles lung cancer head on 15 It has been our privilege Alberta Cancer Foundation donors make personal Stepping up to challenge of breast cancer 16 contributions, plan legacy gifts, purchase lottery again this year to connect the tickets, sponsor participants in our walks and put The art of healing 17 their own ingenuity to work as volunteers, planning Employees power powers innovation 18 work of two important groups and executing more than 300 fundraising events Special meaning to this year’s golf classic 19 each year. World’s longest hockey game 20 Their support is a tribute to the thousands of that form one team intent on Albertans diagnosed with cancer this year. It’s a Coping with the cost of cancer 21 message of hope for the nearly 16,000 expected Bridging the gap between research and practice 22 building a cancer-free future to be diagnosed next year. And their gifts honour Face off against cancer 23 the memory of more than 5,000 Albertans who New lab space key to attracting talent 24 for individual Albertans and lose their battle with cancer each year. -
Cherenkov Radiation
TheThe CherenkovCherenkov effecteffect A charged particle traveling in a dielectric medium with n>1 radiates Cherenkov radiation B Wave front if its velocity is larger than the C phase velocity of light v>c/n or > 1/n (threshold) A β Charged particle The emission is due to an asymmetric polarization of the medium in front and at the rear of the particle, giving rise to a varying electric dipole momentum. dN Some of the particle energy is convertedγ = 491into light. A coherent wave front is dx generated moving at velocity v at an angle Θc If the media is transparent the Cherenkov light can be detected. If the particle is ultra-relativistic β~1 Θc = const and has max value c t AB n 1 cosθc = = = In water Θc = 43˚, in ice 41AC˚ βct βn 37 TheThe CherenkovCherenkov effecteffect The intensity of the Cherenkov radiation (number of photons per unit length of particle path and per unit of wave length) 2 2 2 2 2 Number of photons/L and radiation d N 4π z e 1 2πz 2 = 2 1 − 2 2 = 2 α sin ΘC Wavelength depends on charge dxdλ hcλ n β λ and velocity of particle 2πe2 α = Since the intensity is proportional to hc 1/λ2 short wavelengths dominate dN Using light detectors (photomultipliers)γ = sensitive491 in 400-700 nm for an ideally 100% efficient detector in the visibledx € 2 dNγ λ2 d Nγ 2 2 λ2 dλ 2 2 11 1 22 2 d 2 z sin 2 z sin 490393 zz sinsinΘc photons / cm = ∫ λ = π α ΘC ∫ 2 = π α ΘC 2 −− 2 = α ΘC λ1 λ1 dx dxdλ λ λλ1 λ2 d 2 N d 2 N dλ λ2 d 2 N = = dxdE dxdλ dE 2πhc dxdλ Energy loss is about 104 less hc 2πhc than 2 MeV/cm in water from € -
Cherenkov Radiation Induced by Megavolt X-Ray Beams in the Second Near-Infrared Window
Cherenkov Radiation Induced by Megavolt X-Ray Beams in the Second Near-Infrared Window XIANGXI MENG,1,2 YI DU,3 ZIYUAN LI,1 SIHAO ZHU, 1 HAO WU,3,7 CHANGHUI LI, 1,8 WEIQIANG CHEN, 4 SHUMING NIE, 5 QIUSHI REN 1 AND YANYE LU 6,9 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 2The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA 3Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational ResearchÂă(Ministry of Education/Beijing),ÂăDepartmentÂăof Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China 4Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China 5Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA 6Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Abstract: Although the Cherenkov light contains mostly short-wavelength components, it is beneficial in the aspect of imaging to visualize it in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window. In this study, Cherenkov imaging was performed within the NIR-II range on megavolt X-ray beams delivered by a medical linear accelerator. A shielding system was used to reduce the noises of the NIR-II image, enabling high quality signal acquisition. It was demonstrated that the NIR-II Cherenkov imaging is potentially a tool for radiotherapy dosimetry, and correlates well with different parameters. -
Polarized Light from Black Hole Can Be a Symbol of Cherenkov Radiation Generated by Faster Than Light Movement in Vacuum Under Gravity
Polarized light from black hole can be a symbol of Cherenkov radiation generated by Faster Than Light movement in vacuum under gravity Sterling-Jilin Liu, An independent researcher, Email: [email protected], Cell phone: +86 18621356287, Profile: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sterling-liu-9016096b/ Abstract Light speed is assumed as a constant in Einstein’s general relativity theory. In this paper, the polarized light from blacK hole Cygnus X-1 is found fit well with CherenKov radiation generated by Faster Than Light movement in vacuum under gravity. Thus, proved the gravitational lens is a real existence, the refractive index of space did increase with the gravity field, and light speed is changeable with gravitational potential energy. Possible experiments to double verify the theory on the earth is discussed. A new way to find more advanced alien civilizations in lower gravitational potential energy area is proposed. Introduction In Einstein’s general relativity theory, Mercury precession, gravitational lens and gravitational red shift, etc. can be considered as geodetic effect while assuming light speed is a constant, hence get time goes slower in gravitational field. However, in another view, all these phenomena can be also explained as space curved in gravitational field, refractive index of vacuum is larger, and light speed become smaller, but time keep no change. These two views are both acceptable based on previous experimental verification of general relativity theory, whether light or time speed changed is indistinguishable. In this paper, the author found polarized light from black hole Cygnus X-1 can be well explained by CherenKov radiation generated by Faster Than Light movement in vacuum under gravity. -
Chapter 2 – General Background Information Chapter 2 General Background Information
16 European Atlas of Natural Radiation | Chapter 2 – General background information Chapter 2 General background information This chapter provides the background information geology of Europe, one can already form a general necessary to understand how ionising radiation works, and large-scale idea of the level of natural radioactiv- why it is present in our environment, and how it can be ity that can be expected. For instance, young and mo- represented on a map. bile unconsolidated sediments (like clay or sand) that are found in many regions in northern and northwest- The ionising radiation discussed in this chapter consists ern Europe contain generally fewer radionuclides than of alpha, beta and neutron particles as well as gamma certain magmatic or metamorphic rocks found in for rays. Each interacts with matter in a specific way, caus- example Scandinavia (Fennoscandian Shield), Central ing biological effects that can be hazardous. Health risk Europe (Bohemian Massif), France (Bretagne and Cen- from radiation is described by the absorbed dose, tral Massif) and in Spain (Iberian Massif). The more equivalent dose and effective dose, calculated using recent alpine mountain belts are composed of many specific weighting factors. The effects of ionising radia- different types of rocks, leading to strong spatial vari- tion on humans can be deterministic and stochastic. All ations in radiological signature and radiological back- this information leads to the general principles of radi- ground. Some types of volcanic rocks have a higher ation protection. Natural ionising radiation is emitted by radionuclide content and can lead to increased indoor a variety of sources, both cosmogenic and terrigenous, gamma dose rates and radon or thoron concentra- and can be primordial (existing since the origin of the tions. -
Cherenkov Light Imaging in Astroparticle Physics
Cherenkov light imaging in astroparticle physics U. F. Katz Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-N¨urnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany Abstract Cherenkov light induced by fast charged particles in transparent dielectric media such as air or water is exploited by a variety of experimental techniques to detect and measure extraterrestrial particles impinging on Earth. A selection of detection principles is discussed and corresponding experiments are presented together with breakthrough-results they achieved. Some future develop- ments are highlighted. Keywords: Astroparticle physics, Cherenkov detectors, neutrino telescopes, gamma-ray telescopes, cosmic-ray detectors 1. Introduction Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and, more recently, silicon pho- tomultipliers (SiPMs) [3,4] are the standard sensor types. They In 2018, we commemorate the 60th anniversary of the award are provided by specialised companies who cooperate with the of the Nobel Prize to Pavel Alexeyewich Cherenkov, Ilya experiments in developing and optimising sensors according to Mikhailovich Frank and Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm for the dis- the respective specific needs (see e.g. [5,6]). covery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect [1,2]. In the following, the detection principles of different types of The impact of this discovery on astroparticle physics is enor- Cherenkov experiments in astroparticle physics are presented mous and persistent. Cherenkov detection techniques were ins- together with selected technical details and outstanding results. tumental for the dicovery of neutrino oscillations; the detection of high-energy cosmic neutrinos; the establishment of ground- based gamma-ray astronomy; and important for the progress in 2. Ground-based gamma-ray detectors cosmic-ray physics. -
Radiation Safety Manual University of Massachusetts Amherst
Radiation Safety Manual University of Massachusetts Amherst Environmental Health and Safety 117 Draper Hall 413-545-2682 January, 2007 This manual must be returned to Radiation Safety Services when the Approved Principal Investigator no longer uses radioisotopes or radiation generating machines and all permits issued by the Radiation Use Committee have been deactivated. Table of Contents The Program & Basic User Requirements How The Program Works Radiation Safety Organization As Low as Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) The Definition of Compliance The Regulatory Agencies Audit of the Radiation Safety Office Audit of the Authorized Principal Investigator (API) & the Authorized Laboratory Radiation Safety Standard Operating Procedures (SOP’s) Radiation Safety Records Responsibilities of Radiation Safety Program Personnel and Users License Conditions and Regulations Radiation Use Committee Radiation Safety Officer Authorized Principal Investigator Authorized Users Visitors Obtaining Approval to Use RM Qualifications for Authorized Users Training Requesting an API Permit from the RUC Approval for Radioisotope Work in Experimental Animals Laboratory Requirements & Access Control To Radioisotopes & Radiation Administrative Controls in the Laboratory Controlled Areas Restricted Areas Surface Contamination Limits Physical Controls in Laboratory Radiation Warnings & Posting Requirements for RM Use Laboratories or Areas Labeling Requirements for Containers Decommissioning Requirements Individual Laboratories Records of Decommissioning -
2009 Program
ISOQOL 16th Annual Conference of the International Society for Quality of Life Research Integrating HRQOL in Health Care Policy, Research, and Practice October 28-31, 2009 New Orleans, Louisiana, USA Sheraton New Orleans Final Program Table of Contents Table of Contents Schedule-at-a-Glance ......................................................................................................................... 3 Welcome ................................................................................................................................................ 4 Scientific Program Committee .......................................................................................................... 5 ISOQOL Leadership ............................................................................................................................ 6 About ISOQOL/General Information .........................................................................................7 - 8 Program Schedule, Wednesday...................................................................................................9 - 14 Program Schedule, Thursday ................................................................................................... 15 - 21 Program Schedule, Friday ......................................................................................................... 22 - 28 Program Schedule, Saturday .................................................................................................... 29 - 35 Posters ......................................................................................................................................... -
Applications of Cherenkov Light Emission for Dosimetry in Radiation Therapy a Thesis Submitted to the Faculty in Partial Fulfill
Applications of Cherenkov Light Emission for Dosimetry in Radiation Therapy A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Adam Kenneth Glaser Thayer School of Engineering Dartmouth College Hanover, New Hampshire May 2015 Examining Committee: Chairman_______________________ Brian Pogue, Ph.D. Member________________________ Alexander Hartov, Ph.D. Member________________________ Eric Fossum, Ph.D. Member________________________ David Gladstone, Sc.D. Member________________________ Lei Xing, Ph.D. ___________________ F. Jon Kull Dean of Graduate Studies THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK, UNCOUNTED AND UNNUMBERED ADDITIONAL ORIGINAL SIGNED COPIES OF THE PREVIOUS SIGNATURE PAGE ARE RECOMMENDED, JUST IN CASE. Abstract Since its discovery during the 1930's, the Cherenkov effect has been paramount in the development of high-energy physics research. It results in light emission from charged particles traveling faster than the local speed of light in a dielectric medium. The ability of this emitted light to describe a charged particle’s trajectory, energy, velocity, and mass has allowed scientists to study subatomic particles, detect neutrinos, and explore the properties of interstellar matter. However, only recently has the phenomenon been considered in the practical context of medical physics and radiation therapy dosimetry, where Cherenkov light is induced by clinical x-ray photon, electron, and proton beams. To investigate the relationship between this phenomenon and dose deposition, a Monte Carlo plug-in was developed within the Geant4 architecture for medically-oriented simulations (GAMOS) to simulate radiation-induced optical emission in biological media. Using this simulation framework, it was determined that Cherenkov light emission may be well suited for radiation dosimetry of clinically used x-ray photon beams. -
Inter/Intramolecular Cherenkov Radiation Energy Transfer (CRET) from a Fluorophore with a Built-In Radionuclide Yann Bernhard, Bertrand Collin, Richard Decréau
Inter/intramolecular Cherenkov radiation energy transfer (CRET) from a fluorophore with a built-in radionuclide Yann Bernhard, Bertrand Collin, Richard Decréau To cite this version: Yann Bernhard, Bertrand Collin, Richard Decréau. Inter/intramolecular Cherenkov radiation energy transfer (CRET) from a fluorophore with a built-in radionuclide. Chemical Communications, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014, 50, pp.6711 - 6713. 10.1039/c4cc01690d. hal-03262965 HAL Id: hal-03262965 https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-03262965 Submitted on 16 Jun 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Showcasing research from Richard A Decréau, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne, France As featured in: Inter/intramolecular Cherenkov radiation energy transfer (CRET) from a fl uorophore with a built-in radionuclide Some radionuclides emit optical light, the Cerenkov Radiation (CR, i.e. the blue glow in nuclear reactors), which can activate fl uorophores. Key parameters were addressed to optimize such processes (energy of the emitted particle, concentrations, Φ λmax, F × ε, η). See Richard A Decréau et al., Chem. Commun., 2014, 50, 6711. www.rsc.org/chemcomm Registered charity number: 207890 ChemComm View Article Online COMMUNICATION View Journal | View Issue Inter/intramolecular Cherenkov radiation energy transfer (CRET) from a fluorophore with a built-in Cite this: Chem. -
Imaging of Radiation Dose Using Cherenkov Light
Imaging of Radiation Dose Using Cherenkov Light Eric Brost1, Yoichi Watanabe1, Fadil Santosa2, Adam Green3 1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota 2Institute for Mathematics and it’s Applications, University of Minnesota 3Department of Physics, University of St. Thomas Imaging of Cherenkov light during radiation therapy • Quality assurance • Surface dosimetry • Molecular imaging Thesis project goals 1. Determination of optical correction factors necessary to perform Cherenkov dosimetry 2. Examine feasibility of Cherenkov imaging on C‐RAD Catalyst system [2] Outline • Background • Related Research • Cherenkov Imaging Dosimetry Cherenkov Radiation Tissue or other medium Production Incident radiation (gamma or electron) Secondary β electron, c/n Index of refraction: Cherenkov Particle velocity: emission o = 43 (2 MV beam in water) 1 Conical emission angle: Ratio of velocity to speed of light: β β Cherenkov Light Characteristics • The number of photons, N, emitted per unit path due to the Cherenkov effect: 1 1 ∝ 1 Lower limit of Cherenkov emission • For a 6 MeV electron beam delivering 100 cGy to water at a rate of 600 MU/min: 1 • 600 photons/electron • 6‐10 photons/electron from surface • 3 x 1011 detectable photons • 8 x 10‐10 Watts Wavelength () [3] Cherenkov Light ‐ Relationship to Dose Water or tissue Incident radiation (gamma or electron) z (mm) • Mono‐energetic pencil beams, relationship is 1:1 between light emission and dose (<1%) • Poly‐energetic finite beam sizes, error is between 0‐5% Dose: Number of photons: Correlation ratio: C Glaser, et al. Phys Med Biol. 2014 Set‐up of Cherenkov Detection • Camera CMOS, CCD not as viable Triggered to linac output • Target material Water tank or phantom Patient • Computer Timing, camera, software • Radiation source Linear accelerator Radiopharmaceutical Glaser, et. -
Legislative Assembly of Alberta
April 23, 2001 Alberta Hansard 103 Legislative Assembly of Alberta ated from Montgomery, Bowness, Greenwood village, and Valley Ridge, but they’re also viewed from Scenic Acres, Tuscany, Arbour Title: Monday, April 23, 2001 8:00 p.m. Lake, Ranchlands, Silver Springs, Hawkwood, Varsity, Country Date: 01/04/23 Hills, Patterson Heights, Strathcona, and Artists View, and by all travelers entering or leaving Calgary by the main western access on [Mr. Shariff in the chair] the Trans-Canada highway. For all these tens of thousands of people Paskapoo Slopes is like head: Consideration of Her Honour a park in the sky enriching their everyday life, but Paskapoo Slopes the Lieutenant Governor’s Speech is also an accessible wilderness park right within the city. It’s a Mrs. Tarchuk moved that an humble address be presented to Her natural area that includes ravines, gullies, streams, springs, glades of Honour the Honourable the Lieutenant Governor as follows. aspen, balsam poplar, dogwood, and riverine tall shrub. The slopes To Her Honour the Honourable Lois E. Hole, CM, Lieutenant are also home to deer, small mammals, coyotes, and a large variety Governor of the province of Alberta: of migratory and breeding birds. Not only is it a home for the We, Her Majesty’s most dutiful and loyal subjects, the Legislative animals, but it’s also a key wildlife corridor within the city. Assembly, now assembled, beg leave to thank you, Your Honour, for Mr. Speaker, most of us members here are familiar with Head- the gracious speech Your Honour has been pleased to address to us Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, which is UNESCO’s world heritage site.