Propionaldehyde

Common Name: PROPIONALDEHYDE

CAS Number: 123-38-6 DOT Number: UN 1275 RTK Substance number: 1598 DOT Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable) Date: May 1998 Revision: May 2006 ------

HAZARD SUMMARY * Propionaldehyde can affect you when breathed in. * Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely * Propionaldehyde can irritate the skin causing a rash or evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area burning feeling on contact. air samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results * Contact can severely irritate and burn the eyes. from your employer. You have a legal right to this * Breathing Propionaldehyde can irritate the nose and information under the OSHA Access to Employee throat. Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR * Breathing Propionaldehyde can irritate the lungs causing 1910.1020). coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures * If you think you are experiencing any work-related health may cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational edema), a medical emergency, with severe shortness of diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you. breath. * ODOR THRESHOLD = 0.145 ppm. * Propionaldehyde is a HIGHLY FLAMMABLE and * The range of accepted odor threshold values is quite REACTIVE chemical and a DANGEROUS FIRE and broad. Caution should be used in relying on odor alone as EXPLOSION HAZARD. a warning of potentially hazardous exposures.

IDENTIFICATION WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS Propionaldehyde is a colorless liquid with a strong fruity ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is odor. It is used as a synthetic flavoring, in plastic and rubber 20 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift. manufacturing, and as a disinfectant and preservative. WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE REASON FOR CITATION * Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust * Propionaldehyde is on the Hazardous Substance List ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust because it is cited by ACGIH, DOT, DEP, NFPA and ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be EPA. worn. * This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance * Wear protective work clothing. List because it is FLAMMABLE and REACTIVE. * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to * Definitions are provided on page 5. Propionaldehyde. * Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING addition, as part of an ongoing education and training EXPOSED effort, communicate all information on the health and The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers safety hazards of Propionaldehyde to potentially exposed to label chemicals in the workplace and requires public workers. employers to provide their employees with information and training concerning chemical hazards and controls. The federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) requires private employers to provide similar training and information to their employees.

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This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right potential and most severe health hazards that may result from to this information under the OSHA Access to Employee exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020). and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential effects described below. Mixed Exposures ------* Because smoking can cause heart disease, as well as lung cancer, emphysema, and other respiratory problems, it may HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION worsen respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposure. Even if you have smoked for a long time, stopping now will Acute Health Effects reduce your risk of developing health problems. The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to Propionaldehyde: WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES

* Propionaldehyde can irritate the skin causing a rash or Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous burning feeling on contact. substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most * Contact can severely irritate and burn the eyes. effective way of reducing exposure. The best protection is to * Breathing Propionaldehyde can irritate the nose and throat, enclose operations and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at and may cause nosebleeds, sore throat, hoarseness, cough the site of chemical release. Isolating operations can also and phlegm. reduce exposure. Using respirators or protective equipment is * Breathing Propionaldehyde can irritate the lungs causing less effective than the controls mentioned above, but is coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures may sometimes necessary. cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), a medical emergency, with severe shortness of breath. In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1) how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the Chronic Health Effects substance is released into the workplace and (3) whether The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at harmful skin or eye contact could occur. Special controls some time after exposure to Propionaldehyde and can last for should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when months or years: significant skin, eye, or breathing exposures are possible.

Cancer Hazard In addition, the following controls are recommended: * According to the information presently available to the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, * Where possible, automatically pump liquid Propionaldehyde has not been tested for its ability to cause Propionaldehyde from drums or other storage containers cancer in animals. to process containers. * Before entering a confined space where Propionaldehyde Reproductive Hazard may be present, check to make sure that an explosive * According to the information presently available to the New concentration does not exist. Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Propionaldehyde has been tested and has not been shown Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous to affect reproduction. exposures. The following work practices are recommended:

Other Long-Term Effects * Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by * Propionaldehyde can irritate the lungs. Repeated exposure Propionaldehyde should change into clean clothing may cause bronchitis to develop with cough, phlegm, promptly. and/or shortness of breath. * Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to Propionaldehyde. MEDICAL * Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate work area for emergency use. Medical Testing * If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency Before beginning employment and at regular times after that, shower facilities should be provided. for those with frequent or potentially high exposures, the * On skin contact with Propionaldehyde, immediately wash following are recommended: or shower to remove the chemical. * Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Propionaldehyde is * Lung function tests handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be * Consider chest x-ray after acute overexposure swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating, drinking, applying cosmetics, smoking, or using the toilet. Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for damage already done are not a substitute for controlling exposure. PROPIONALDEHYDE page 3 of 6

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT * Propionaldehyde is not compatible with OXIDIZING AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES, PEROXIDES, WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES, NITRATES, PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. However, for CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE) and some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry, jobs REDUCING AGENTS. done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace * Propionaldehyde may polymerize in the presence of controls are being installed), personal protective equipment STRONG ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC, may be appropriate. SULFURIC and NITRIC) and STRONG BASES (such as SODIUM HYDROXIDE and POTASSIUM The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR HYDROXIDE) to release HEAT. 1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate * Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train area. employees on how and when to use protective equipment. * Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where Propionaldehyde is used, handled, or The following recommendations are only guidelines and may stored. not apply to every situation. * Metal containers involving the transfer of Propionaldehyde should be grounded and bonded. Clothing * Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially * Avoid skin contact with Propionaldehyde. Wear when opening and closing containers of Propionaldehyde. protective gloves and clothing. Safety equipment suppliers/manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most protective glove/clothing material for your QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS operation. * Safety equipment manufacturers recommend Butyl Rubber Q: If I have acute health effects, will I later get chronic and Responder® as protective materials. health effects? * All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) A: Not always. Most chronic (long-term) effects result from should be clean, available each day, and put on before repeated exposures to a chemical. work. Q: Can I get long-term effects without ever having short- Eye Protection term effects? * Wear indirect-vent, impact and splash resistant goggles A: Yes, because long-term effects can occur from repeated when working with liquids. exposures to a chemical at levels not high enough to make * Wear a face shield along with goggles when working with you immediately sick. corrosive, highly irritating or toxic substances. Q: What are my chances of getting sick when I have been Respiratory Protection exposed to chemicals? IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. A: The likelihood of becoming sick from chemicals is Such equipment should only be used if the employer has a increased as the amount of exposure increases. This is written program that takes into account workplace conditions, determined by the length of time and the amount of requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing, and material to which someone is exposed. medical exams, as described in the OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134). Q: When are higher exposures more likely? A: Physical and mechanical processes (heating, pouring, * Where the potential exists for exposure over 20 ppm, use a spraying, spills and evaporation from large surface areas NIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with a full such as open containers), and "confined space" exposures facepiece operated in a pressure-demand or other positive- (working inside vats, reactors, boilers, small rooms, etc.). pressure mode. For increased protection use in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus Q: Is the risk of getting sick higher for workers than for operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure community residents? mode. A: Yes. Exposures in the community, except possibly in cases of fires or spills, are usually much lower than those HANDLING AND STORAGE found in the workplace. However, people in the community may be exposed to contaminated water as * Prior to working with Propionaldehyde you should be well as to chemicals in the air over long periods. This trained on its proper handling and storage. may be a problem for children or people who are already * Propionaldehyde must be stored to avoid contact with ill. METHYL METHACRYLATE since violent reactions occur. PROPIONALDEHYDE page 4 of 6

------The following information is available from:

New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services Occupational Health Service PO Box 360 Trenton, NJ 08625-0360 (609) 984-1863 (609) 984-7407 (fax)

Web address: http://www.state.nj.us/health/eoh/odisweb/

Industrial Hygiene Information Industrial hygienists are available to answer your questions regarding the control of chemical exposures using exhaust ventilation, special work practices, good housekeeping, good hygiene practices, and personal protective equipment including respirators. In addition, they can help to interpret the results of industrial hygiene survey data.

Medical Evaluation If you think you are becoming sick because of exposure to chemicals at your workplace, you may call personnel at the Department of Health and Senior Services, Occupational Health Service, who can help you find the information you need.

Public Presentations Presentations and educational programs on occupational health or the Right to Know Act can be organized for labor unions, trade associations and other groups.

Right to Know Information Resources The Right to Know Infoline (609) 984-2202 can answer questions about the identity and potential health effects of chemicals, list of educational materials in occupational health, references used to prepare the Fact Sheets, preparation of the Right to Know Survey, education and training programs, labeling requirements, and general information regarding the Right to Know Act. Violations of the law should be reported to (609) 984-2202. ------

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DEFINITIONS

ACGIH is the American Conference of Governmental NAERG is the North American Emergency Response Industrial Hygienists. It recommends upper limits (called Guidebook. It was jointly developed by Transport Canada, the TLVs) for exposure to workplace chemicals. United States Department of Transportation and the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation of Mexico. It is a A carcinogen is a substance that causes cancer. guide for first responders to quickly identify the specific or generic hazards of material involved in a transportation The CAS number is assigned by the Chemical Abstracts incident, and to protect themselves and the general public Service to identify a specific chemical. during the initial response phase of the incident.

CFR is the Code of Federal Regulations, which consists of the NFPA is the National Fire Protection Association. It classifies regulations of the United States government. substances according to their fire and explosion hazard.

A combustible substance is a solid, liquid or gas that will burn. NIOSH is the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. It tests equipment, evaluates and approves respirators, A corrosive substance is a gas, liquid or solid that causes conducts studies of workplace hazards, and proposes standards irreversible damage to human tissue or containers. to OSHA.

DEP is the New Jersey Department of Environmental NTP is the National Toxicology Program which tests Protection. chemicals and reviews evidence for cancer.

DOT is the Department of Transportation, the federal agency OSHA is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, that regulates the transportation of chemicals. which adopts and enforces health and safety standards.

EPA is the Environmental Protection Agency, the federal PEL is the Permissible Exposure Limit which is enforceable by agency responsible for regulating environmental hazards. the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

A fetus is an unborn human or animal. PIH is a DOT designation for chemicals which are Poison Inhalation Hazards. A flammable substance is a solid, liquid, vapor or gas that will ignite easily and burn rapidly. ppm means parts of a substance per million parts of air. It is a measure of concentration by volume in air. The flash point is the temperature at which a liquid or solid gives off vapor that can form a flammable mixture with air. A reactive substance is a solid, liquid or gas that releases energy under certain conditions. IARC is the International Agency for Research on Cancer, a scientific group that classifies chemicals according to their STEL is a Short Term Exposure Limit which is usually a 15- cancer-causing potential. minute exposure that should not be exceeded at any time during a work day. IRIS is the Integrated Risk Information System database of the federal EPA. A teratogen is a substance that causes birth defects by damaging the fetus. A miscible substance is a liquid or gas that will evenly dissolve in another. TLV is the Threshold Limit Value, the workplace exposure limit recommended by ACGIH. mg/m3 means milligrams of a chemical in a cubic meter of air. It is a measure of concentration (weight/volume). The vapor pressure is a measure of how readily a liquid or a solid mixes with air at its surface. A higher vapor pressure A mutagen is a substance that causes mutations. A mutation is indicates a higher concentration of the substance in air and a change in the genetic material in a body cell. Mutations can therefore increases the likelihood of breathing it in. lead to birth defects, miscarriages, or cancer.

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Common Name: PROPIONALDEHYDE ======DOT Number: UN 1275 FOR LARGE SPILLS AND FIRES immediately call your fire NAERG Code: 129 department. You can request emergency information from the CAS Number: 123-38-6 following: DOT Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable) CHEMTREC: (800) 424-9300 NJDEP HOTLINE: 1-877-WARN-DEP Hazard rating NJDHSS NFPA ======FLAMMABILITY - 3 (See page 3) - 2 HANDLING AND STORAGE REACTIVITY FLAMMABLE AND REACTIVE FIRST AID POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE For POISON INFORMATION call 1-800-222-1222

Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; Eye Contact 3=serious; 4=severe * Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek FIRE HAZARDS medical attention immediately.

* Propionaldehyde is a FLAMMABLE LIQUID. Skin Contact * Use dry chemical, CO2 or alcohol foam extinguishing * Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash agents, as water may not be effective in fighting fires. contaminated skin with large amounts of soap and water. * POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE. * CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE. Breathing * Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. * Remove the person from exposure. * Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. * Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if * Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a distance to cause breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. a fire or explosion far from the source. * Transfer promptly to a medical facility. * If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be * Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours trained and equipped as stated in the OSHA Fire Brigades after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be Standard (29 CFR 1910.156). delayed.

SPILLS AND EMERGENCIES PHYSICAL DATA

If Propionaldehyde is spilled or leaked, take the following Vapor Pressure: 258 mm Hg at 68oF (20oC) steps: o o Flash Point: -22 F (-30 C) * Evacuate personnel and secure and control entrance to the Water Solubility: Soluble area. * Eliminate all ignition sources. OTHER COMMONLY USED NAMES * Cover with an activated charcoal adsorbent and place in covered containers for disposal. Chemical Name: * Ventilate and wash area after clean-up is complete. Propanal * Keep Propionaldehyde out of a confined space, such as a Other Names: sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the Propaldehyde; Propionic Aldehyde; Propylic Aldehyde sewer is designed to prevent the build-up of explosive concentrations. ------* It may be necessary to contain and dispose of Not intended to be copied and sold for commercial Propionaldehyde as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your state Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) purposes. or your regional office of the federal Environmental ------NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND Protection Agency (EPA) for specific recommendations. SENIOR SERVICES * If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be Right to Know Program properly trained and equipped. The OSHA Hazardous PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368 Waste Operations and Emergency Response Standard (29 (609) 984-2202 CFR 1910.120) may apply. ------