Documenting Endangered Languages: the View from the Brazilian Amazon
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Peoples in the Brazilian Amazonia Indian Lands
Brazilian Demographic Censuses and the “Indians”: difficulties in identifying and counting. Marta Maria Azevedo Researcher for the Instituto Socioambiental – ISA; and visiting researcher of the Núcleo de Estudos em População – NEPO / of the University of Campinas – UNICAMP PEOPLES IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA INDIAN LANDS source: Programa Brasil Socioambiental - ISA At the present moment there are in Brazil 184 native language- UF* POVO POP.** ANO*** LÍNG./TRON.**** OUTROS NOMES***** Case studies made by anthropologists register the vital events of a RO Aikanã 175 1995 Aikanã Aikaná, Massaká, Tubarão RO Ajuru 38 1990 Tupari speaking peoples and around 30 who identify themselves as “Indians”, RO Akunsu 7 1998 ? Akunt'su certain population during a large time period, which allows us to make RO Amondawa 80 2000 Tupi-Gurarani RO Arara 184 2000 Ramarama Karo even though they are Portuguese speaking. Two-hundred and sixteen RO Arikapu 2 1999 Jaboti Aricapu a few analyses about their populational dynamics. Such is the case, for RO Arikem ? ? Arikem Ariken peoples live in ‘Indian Territories’, either demarcated or in the RO Aruá 6 1997 Tupi-Mondé instance, of the work about the Araweté, made by Eduardo Viveiros de RO Cassupá ? ? Português RO/MT Cinta Larga 643 1993 Tupi-Mondé Matétamãe process of demarcation, and also in urban areas in the different RO Columbiara ? ? ? Corumbiara Castro. In his book (Araweté: o povo do Ipixuna – CEDI, 1992) there is an RO Gavião 436 2000 Tupi-Mondé Digüt RO Jaboti 67 1990 Jaboti regions of Brazil. The lands of some 30 groups extend across national RO Kanoe 84 1997 Kanoe Canoe appendix with the populational data registered by others, since the first RO Karipuna 20 2000 Tupi-Gurarani Caripuna RO Karitiana 360 2000 Arikem Caritiana burder, for ex.: 8,500 Ticuna live in Peru and Colombia while 32,000 RO Kwazá 25 1998 Língua isolada Coaiá, Koaiá contact with this people in 1976. -
Multilingualism in Cyberspace: Indigenous Languages for Empowerment
REGIONAL CONFERENCE FOR CENTRAL AMERICA CONFERENCE REPORT MULTILINGUALISM IN CYBERSPACE: INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES FOR EMPOWERMENT 27 and 28 November 2015 San José, 2015 – 2 – Published in 2015 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France and UNESCO Field Office in San José, Costa Rica © UNESCO 2015 Editor: José Manuel Valverde Rojas Coordinator: Günther Cyranek UNESCO team: Pilar Alvarez-Liso, Director and Representative, UNESCO Cluster Office Central America in San José, Costa Rica Boyan Radoykov, Chief, Section for Universal Access and Preservation, Knowledge Societies Division, Communication and Information Sector, UNESCO Irmgarda Kasinskaite-Buddeberg, Programme specialist, Section for Universal Access and Preservation, Knowledge Societies Division, Communication and Information Sector, UNESCO – 3 – CONTENTS Page PREFACE .............................................................................................................................. 6 SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. 8 1. BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT OF THE REGIONAL EXPERT CONFERENCE. ......... 10 1.1 OVERVIEW OF THE PARTNERS AND ORGANIZATION OF THE EVENT .......... 12 2. CONCEPT NOTE. .......................................................................................................... 15 2.1 Multilingual information and knowledge are key determinants of wealth creation, social transformation and human -
Current Studies on South American Languages, [Indigenous Languages of Latin America (ILLA), Vol
This file is freely available for download at http://www.etnolinguistica.org/illa This book is freely available for download at http://www.etnolinguistica.org/illa References: Crevels, Mily, Simon van de Kerke, Sérgio Meira & Hein van der Voort (eds.). 2002. Current Studies on South American Languages, [Indigenous Languages of Latin America (ILLA), vol. 3], [CNWS publications, vol. 114], Leiden: Research School of Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies (CNWS), vi + 344 pp. (ISBN 90-5789-076-3) CURRENT STUDIES ON SOUTH AMERICAN LANGUAGES INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES OF LATIN AMERICA (ILLA) This series, entitled Indigenous Languages of Latin America, is a result of the collaboration between the CNWS research group of Amerindian Studies and the Spinoza research program Lexicon and Syntax, and it will function as an outlet for publications related to the research program. LENGUAS INDÍGENAS DE AMÉRICA LATINA (ILLA) La serie Lenguas Indígenas de América Latina es el resultado de la colabora- ción entre el equipo de investigación CNWS de estudios americanos y el programa de investigación Spinoza denominado Léxico y Sintaxis. Dicha serie tiene como objetivo publicar los trabajos que se lleven a cabo dentro de ambos programas de investigación. Board of advisors / Consejo asesor: Willem Adelaar (Universiteit Leiden) Eithne Carlin (Universiteit Leiden) Pieter Muysken (Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen) Leo Wetzels (Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam) Series editors / Editores de la serie: Mily Crevels (Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen) Simon van de Kerke (Universiteit -
The Tasks of the Ethnologist and the Linguist in Brazil
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCE BULLETIN THE ORIGINAL INHABITANTS OF THE ANDAMAN ISLANDS I consider it a matter of urgency that the somatological surveys which the Indian anthropologists, Dr. B. G. Guha and Dr. S. S. Sarkar, initiated early in 1948 among the last önge tribes on Rutland Island and the surviving indigenous inhabitants on Little Andaman1 should be continued. There are probably now not as many as 50 representatives of the Önge tribes still surviving on Rutland Island. They and the indigenous inhabitants of the neighbouring islands could certainly furnish much valuable information concerning the racial and cultural characteristics of their stock and thus provide valuable material for a general study of the racial history of India and the surrounding region. I happen to know that the above-mentioned anthropologists had to abandon the field research they had undertaken, merely because they could not obtain the requisite financial resources. Unfortunately, very little material is available on the somatology of the Andaman islanders. It is therefore all the more regrettable that (as I found out privately) the large amount of anthropological material that Baron E. Von Eickstedt collected among these natives in January 1928 was lost in the last world war. Of the few suggestions put forward in this paper, I consider the most'urgent tasks to be somatological research among the original inhabitants of Little Andaman, and a comprehensive investigation of the true pygmies whom I discovered in the Schrader Mountains of New Guinea. THE TASKS OF THE ETHNOLOGIST AND THE LINGUIST IN BRAZIL DARCY RIBEIRO A study of the reactions of Brazilian Indian groups in the face of advancing civilization over the last fifty years, and of their prospects of survival, leads inevitably to the conclusion that tribal languages and cultures are gradually disappearing in modern Brazil. -
Brazilian Portuguese Phrasebook 5
Get More From Your Trip with easy-to-fi nd phrases for every travel situation Basics Practical Social Food Safe Sustainable Brazilian Portuguese Travel Travel Brazilian Plus Portuguese DICTIONARY h–brazilian portugue Never get stuck for words with our PHRASEBOOK & DICTIONARY ve their gender indicated by or . If it’s a plu ere a word that could be either a noun or a verb h 3500-word two-way dictionary e verb. For all words relating to local food, see t agricultureg agriculturag aa·greeaa·gree·aa·gree·kool·a·gree·klkoolkool·toooo·raara ahahead em frente eng frengfreng·rengng te AIDS Aids ai·dees menu decod glossário com Order the right meal with our menu decoder aguardente aa·gwaarr·deng·te strong sugar cane alcohol drunk vocado throughout the country, aalso kno e pineappleWante toaas cachaçatalk about the we umpkin aipoipopo aiai·po celerycelerelery local talk Hey! Great! Avoid embarrassing situations Sure. Maybe. with essential tips on culture & No way! manners Just a minute. 25+ YEARS Lonely Planet Phrasebooks 5TH EDITION lonelyplanet.com have been connecting Published January 2014 UK £4.99 First Published March 1990 USA $8.99 travellers and locals for over a quarter of a century ISBN 978-1-74321-181-6 99805 120+ LANGUAGES Our phrasebooks and mobile apps cover more 9 781743 211816 than any other publisher brazilian-portuguese-pb-5-cover.indd 1 27/09/2013 12:55:06 PM Brazilian Portuguese PHRASEBOOK & DICTIONARY 0a-title-page-pb-bra5.indd 1 25/09/2013 11:23:00 AM Acknowledgments Associate Publisher Mina Patria Managing Editor -
Por Que Documentar E Descrever Línguas? a Importância Desses Estudos Para Revitalização E Fortalecimento De Línguas Indígenas Brasileiras
DOI: 10.5216/racs.v6.67284 Por que documentar e descrever línguas? A importância desses estudos para revitalização e fortalecimento de línguas indígenas brasileiras Beatriz Furlan Toledo1 Camille Cardoso Miranda2 RESUMO Os estudos de documentação e descrição linguística são dois passos importantes para o fortalecimento, manutenção, preservação e revitalização de línguas, principalmente, daquelas que estão em ameaça, como é o caso de muitas línguas indígenas brasileiras. A tarefa de registrar uma língua compromete duas atividades básicas que se relacionam entre si, mas que têm objetivos diferentes: a documentação e a descrição linguística. O artigo apresenta algumas reflexões acerca da importância dos estudos de documentação e descrição para o fortalecimento e revitalização de línguas ameaçadas. São apresentados e discutidos exemplos de ações de valorização e revitalização de quatro línguas indígenas brasileiras (Kaingang, Nhandewa-Guarani, Xokleng/Laklãnõ e Krenak) com o objetivo de promover a valorização linguística e cultural dessas línguas, além de reafirmar a importância desses estudos para o conhecimento científico e de fenômenos linguísticos de línguas indígenas brasileiras. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Documentação & Descrição. Revitalização. Línguas Indígenas. Why document and describe languages? The importance of these studies in the policy of revitalization and strengthening of Brazilian indigenous languages ABSTRACT Studies of documentation and linguistic description are two important steps in the strengthening, maintenance, preservation and revitalization of languages, especially those that are under endangered, as is the case of many Brazilian indigenous languages. The task of recording a language involves two basic activities that are related but have different objectives: documentation and linguistic description. This paper presents some reflections on the importance of documentation and description studies for strengthening and revitalizing endangered languages. -
A Protocol for a Systematic Literature Review: Comparing the Impact Of
Bishop-Williams et al. Systematic Reviews (2017) 6:19 DOI 10.1186/s13643-016-0399-x PROTOCOL Open Access A protocol for a systematic literature review: comparing the impact of seasonal and meteorological parameters on acute respiratory infections in Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples Katherine E. Bishop-Williams1*, Jan M. Sargeant1,2, Lea Berrang-Ford3, Victoria L. Edge1, Ashlee Cunsolo4 and Sherilee L. Harper1 Abstract Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, and are often linked to seasonal and/or meteorological conditions. Globally, Indigenous peoples may experience a different burden of ARI compared to non-Indigenous peoples. This protocol outlines our process for conducting a systematic review to investigate whether associations between ARI and seasonal or meteorological parameters differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups residing in the same geographical region. Methodology: AsearchstringwillbeusedtosearchPubMed®, CAB Abstracts/CAB Direct©, and Science Citation Index® aggregator databases. Articles will be screened using inclusion/exclusion criteria applied first at the title and abstract level, and then at the full article level by two independent reviewers. Articles maintained after full article screening will undergo risk of bias assessment and data will be extracted. Heterogeneity tests, meta-analysis, and forest and funnel plots will be used to synthesize the results of eligible studies. Discussion and registration: This protocol paper describes our systematic review methods to identify and analyze relevant ARI, season, and meteorological literature with robust reporting. The results are intended to improve our understanding of potential associations between seasonal and meteorological parameters and ARI and, if identified, whether this association varies by place, population, or other characteristics. -
Endangered Languages in Brazil* Línguas Em Perigo De Extinção No Brasil
On the infl uence of indigenous languages on Brazilian Portuguese http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-445078233462133543 D E L TA Endangered languages in Brazil* Línguas em perigo de extinção no Brasil Aryon D. RODRIGUES (CNWS and University of Brasília) 1. The social importance of the indigenous languages The culture of every human society is the result of a specifi c res- ponse to the challenges nature and other human societies have imposed through millennia to human survival in physical and mental health. Even the culture of the least human society is a complete universe of integrated knowledge, strongly bound to the milieu where it was developed but also accumulating experience of the remotest past. The native language of a society is not only the means of communication that keeps social solidarity, but it is also the basic means of organizing and storing experience and knowledge. Every human language is unique in the way it codifi es knowledge and experience, for it has been shaped and reshaped following the needs for the adequate expression of an extremely diversifi ed and variable complex of mental representations. A true understanding of mankind can ideally be achieved only with the knowledge of every particular culture and society. This implies that * Symposium on Endangered Languages of South America. Rijks Universiteit Leiden, December 2, 1993. D.E.L.T.A., 30 especial, 2014 (447-463) 30 esp. 2014 Aryon D. Rodrigues every unique key for an in-deep accessing of the culture of the society that speaks it. In the course of history and prehistory many cultures and many languages have disappeared from the face of the earth. -
PDF Hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/131882 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2021-09-26 and may be subject to change. Argument Marking Patterns in South American Languages Published by LOT phone: +31 30 253 5775 Trans 10 e-mail: [email protected] 3512 JK Utrecht http://www.lotschool.nl The Netherlands Cover illustration: Mashco Piro arrows, Manu River 2011. Photo by Glenn H. Shepard ISBN: 978-94-6093-000-3 NUR: 616 Copyright c 2014 Joshua Birchall. All rights reserved. Argument Marking Patterns in South American Languages een wetenschappelijke proeve op het gebied van de Letteren Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof. mr. S.C.J.J. Kortmann, volgens besluit van het College van Decanen in het openbaar te verdedigen op vrijdag 2 mei 2014 klokke 10.30 uur door Joshua Thomas Rigo Birchall geboren 20 februari 1985 te Rockford, Verenigde Staten Promotor : Prof. dr. P. C. Muysken Co-promotores: Dr. E. I. Crevels Dr.H.G.A.vanderVoort Manuscriptcommissie: Prof. dr. Helen de Hoop Prof. dr. Spike Gildea (University of Oregon) Prof. dr. Robert Van Valin Jr. (Heinrich Heine University at D¨usseldorf) Contents Acknowledgements.............................. ix Abbreviations................................. xi 1 Introduction 1 1.1Objectivesandmotivation..................... 2 1.2TheSouthAmericancontext................... 5 1.2.1 Phylogeneticdiversityandlinguisticclassification.... 5 1.2.2 Majorregions........................ 7 1.2.3 Thecurrentstateofaffairs................ 12 1.3Languagesample......................... -
Descriptive and Comparative Research on South American Indian Languages
Historical overview: Descriptive and comparative research on South American Indian languages Willem F. H. Adelaar 1. Introduction The extreme language diversity that was characteristic for South America must have been a challenge to native groups throughout the subcontinent, struggling to maintain commercial and political relations with each other. Due to the absence of phonetically based writing systems in pre-European times there is hardly any documentation about the way cross-linguistic communication was achieved. How- ever, the outlines of a conscious linguistic policy can be assumed from the Incas’ success in imposing their language upon a millenary multilingual society. Second- language learning, often by users of typologically widely different languages, must have been an everyday concern to the subjects of the Inca empire. Sixteenth-cen- tury chroniclers often report in a matter-of-fact way on the ease and rapidity with which native Americans mastered the language of their conquerors, be it Quechua, Spanish or any other language. Apart from such cases of political necessity, there are indications that language played an essential role in many South American native societies and that it could be manipulated and modified in a deliberate way. The use of stylistic speech levels among the Cuna (Sherzer 1983) and of ceremo- nial discourse among the Mbyá (Cadogan 1959; Clastres 1974), the Shuar (Gnerre 1986) and the Trio (Carlin 2004), the appreciation of rhetorical skill as a requisite for leadership among the Mapuche, the distinction of female and masculine speech among the Karajá (Rodrigues 2004) and the Chiquitano (Galeote 1993), the associ- ation of language choice and family lineage among the peoples of the Vaupés region (Sorensen 1967; Aikhenvald 2002), and the association of language choice and professional occupation in highland Bolivia (Howard 1995) appear to indicate an awareness of linguistic functionality not limited to daily communication alone. -
ARAWAK LANGUAGES” by Alexandra Y
OXFORD BIBLIOGRAPHIES IN LINGUISTICS “ARAWAK LANGUAGES” by Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald © Oxford University Press Not for distribution. For permissions, please email [email protected]. xx Introduction General Overviews Monographs and Dissertations Articles and Book Chapters North Arawak Languages Monographs and Dissertations Articles and Book Chapters Reference Works Grammatical and Lexical Studies Monographs and Dissertations Articles and Book Chapters Specific Issues in the Grammar of North Arawak Languages Mixed Arawak-Carib Language and the Emergence of Island Carib Language Contact and the Effects of Language Obsolescence Dictionaries of North Arawak Languages Pre-andine Arawak Languages Campa Languages Monographs and Dissertations Articles and Book Chapters Amuesha Chamicuro Piro and Iñapari Apurina Arawak Languages of the Xingu Indigenous Park Arawak Languages of Areas near Xingu South Arawak Languages Arawak Languages of Bolivia Introduction The Arawak family is the largest in South America, with about forty extant languages. Arawak languages are spoken in lowland Amazonia and beyond, covering French Guiana, Suriname, Guiana, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Brazil, and Bolivia, and formerly in Paraguay and Argentina. Wayuunaiki (or Guajiro), spoken in the region of the Guajiro peninsula in Venezuela and Colombia, is the largest language of the family. Garifuna is the only Arawak language spoken in Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Guatemala in Central America. Groups of Arawak speakers must have migrated from the Caribbean coast to the Antilles a few hundred years before the European conquest. At least several dozen Arawak languages have become extinct since the European conquest. The highest number of recorded Arawak languages is centered in the region between the Rio Negro and the Orinoco. -
The Importance of Preserving Indigenous Languages: the Case of Guaraní
Università degli Studi di Padova Dipartimento di Studi Linguistici e Letterari Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Lingue Moderne per la Comunicazione e la Cooperazione Internazionale Classe LM-38 Tesi di Laurea The Importance of Preserving Indigenous Languages: the Case of Guaraní Relatore Laureanda Prof. Giovanni Poggeschi Francesca Xotta Correlatore n° matr.1129308 / LMLCC Prof.ssa Fiona Clare Dalziel Anno Accademico 2017 / 2018 Table of Content Introduction…………………………………………………………………………pg.3 Chapter 1 – Indigenous Peoples and language rights……………………………….7 1.1 Definition of indigeneity………………………………………………..8 1.1.1 Difference between minorities and indigenous peoples…………12 1.2 A historical overview on indigenous peoples’ rights………………….13 1.3 Indigenous peoples and human rights today………………………......17 1.3.1 ILO Convention No. 107 and No. 169……………………….…18 1.3.2 UNDRIP………………………………………………………...20 1.3.3 Other legal instruments………………………………………….21 1.4 The Right of Self-Determination…………………………………….22 1.5 Language Rights……………………………………………………. 24 1.5.1 Indigenous Peoples’ language rights…………………………...30 Chapter 2-Indigenous Peoples’ Language Rights in Brazil…………………..36 2.1 Indigenous peoples’ language rights in Brazil: a sociological perspective 2.1.1 Role of languages in the origins of national consciousness………37 2.2 Definition of social justice and sense of community………………39 2.3 The importance of preserving indigenous languages………………...41 2.4 Indigenous peoples’ rights in Brazil…………………………………44 2.4.1 Historical overview on language rights………………………….44 2.4.2