Fever Pitch the First Ascent of Link Sar’S West Summit
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A Statistical Analysis of Mountaineering in the Nepal Himalaya
The Himalaya by the Numbers A Statistical Analysis of Mountaineering in the Nepal Himalaya Richard Salisbury Elizabeth Hawley September 2007 Cover Photo: Annapurna South Face at sunrise (Richard Salisbury) © Copyright 2007 by Richard Salisbury and Elizabeth Hawley No portion of this book may be reproduced and/or redistributed without the written permission of the authors. 2 Contents Introduction . .5 Analysis of Climbing Activity . 9 Yearly Activity . 9 Regional Activity . .18 Seasonal Activity . .25 Activity by Age and Gender . 33 Activity by Citizenship . 33 Team Composition . 34 Expedition Results . 36 Ascent Analysis . 41 Ascents by Altitude Range . .41 Popular Peaks by Altitude Range . .43 Ascents by Climbing Season . .46 Ascents by Expedition Years . .50 Ascents by Age Groups . 55 Ascents by Citizenship . 60 Ascents by Gender . 62 Ascents by Team Composition . 66 Average Expedition Duration and Days to Summit . .70 Oxygen and the 8000ers . .76 Death Analysis . 81 Deaths by Peak Altitude Ranges . 81 Deaths on Popular Peaks . 84 Deadliest Peaks for Members . 86 Deadliest Peaks for Hired Personnel . 89 Deaths by Geographical Regions . .92 Deaths by Climbing Season . 93 Altitudes of Death . 96 Causes of Death . 97 Avalanche Deaths . 102 Deaths by Falling . 110 Deaths by Physiological Causes . .116 Deaths by Age Groups . 118 Deaths by Expedition Years . .120 Deaths by Citizenship . 121 Deaths by Gender . 123 Deaths by Team Composition . .125 Major Accidents . .129 Appendix A: Peak Summary . .135 Appendix B: Supplemental Charts and Tables . .147 3 4 Introduction The Himalayan Database, published by the American Alpine Club in 2004, is a compilation of records for all expeditions that have climbed in the Nepal Himalaya. -
Tibet's Biodiversity
Published in (Pages 40-46): Tibet’s Biodiversity: Conservation and Management. Proceedings of a Conference, August 30-September 4, 1998. Edited by Wu Ning, D. Miller, Lhu Zhu and J. Springer. Tibet Forestry Department and World Wide Fund for Nature. China Forestry Publishing House. 188 pages. People-Wildlife Conflict Management in the Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet. By Rodney Jackson, Senior Associate for Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation, The Mountain Institute, Franklin, West Virginia And Conservation Director, International Snow Leopard Trust, Seattle, Washington Presented at: Tibet’s Biodiversity: Conservation and Management. An International Workshop, Lhasa, August 30 - September 4, 1998. 1. INTRODUCTION Established in March 1989, the Qomolangma Nature Preserve (QNP) occupies 33,819 square kilometers around the world’s highest peak, Mt. Everest known locally as Chomolangma. QNP is located at the junction of the Palaearctic and IndoMalayan biogeographic realms, dominated by Tibetan Plateau and Himalayan Highland ecoregions. Species diversity is greatly enhanced by the extreme elevational range and topographic variation related to four major river valleys which cut through the Himalaya south into Nepal. Climatic conditions differ greatly from south to north as well as in an east to west direction, due to the combined effect of exposure to the monsoon and mountain-induced rain s- hadowing. Thus, southerly slopes are moist and warm while northerly slopes are cold and arid. Li Bosheng (1994) reported on biological zonation and species richness within the QNP. Surveys since the 1970's highlight its role as China’s only in-situ repository of central Himalayan ecosystems and species with Indian subcontinent affinities. Most significant are the temperate coniferous and mixed broad-leaved forests with their associated fauna that occupy the deep gorges of the Pungchu, Rongshar, Nyalam (Bhote Kosi) and Kyirong (Jilong) rivers. -
A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan
The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan PhD Thesis Submitted by Ehsan Mehmood Khan, PhD Scholar Regn. No. NDU-PCS/PhD-13/F-017 Supervisor Dr Muhammad Khan Department of Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Faculties of Contemporary Studies (FCS) National Defence University (NDU) Islamabad 2017 ii The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan PhD Thesis Submitted by Ehsan Mehmood Khan, PhD Scholar Regn. No. NDU-PCS/PhD-13/F-017 Supervisor Dr Muhammad Khan This Dissertation is submitted to National Defence University, Islamabad in fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Peace and Conflict Studies Department of Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Faculties of Contemporary Studies (FCS) National Defence University (NDU) Islamabad 2017 iii Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for Doctor of Philosophy in Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Department NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY Islamabad- Pakistan 2017 iv CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION It is certified that the dissertation titled “The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan” written by Ehsan Mehmood Khan is based on original research and may be accepted towards the fulfilment of PhD Degree in Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS). ____________________ (Supervisor) ____________________ (External Examiner) Countersigned By ______________________ ____________________ (Controller of Examinations) (Head of the Department) v AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis titled “The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan” is based on my own research work. Sources of information have been acknowledged and a reference list has been appended. -
Panorama-2-2021-Bergsport-Heute.Pdf [6,5
Geschichte des Alpinismus Was soll das? „Warum tun wir uns das an?“, fragte ein sen darüber sich selbst.“ So zitierte Fran- Es brauchte aber Galileo und Newton, Lied zum 150. Bestehen des DAV. „Weil er da cesco Petrarca den Kirchenvater Augusti- Rousseau und Kant, um das Individuum zu ist“, sagte George Mallory über seinen An- nus, als er 1336 auf dem Gipfel des Mont ermächtigen, „zurück zur Natur“ zu gehen trieb zum Everest. Viele Motivationen zie- Ventoux (1909 m) in der Provence stand – und sie wissenschaftlich zu be-greifen. So hen uns heute in die Berge und zum Berg- seine Besteigung gilt als „Geburtsstunde wurde der Mont Blanc 1786 auf Initiative sport, einige sind uralt. Immer aber war der des Alpinismus“. von Horace-Bénédict de Saussure erstbe- Alpinismus mit seinen Stilregeln ein Spie- Was bei einer europazentrierten Perspek- stiegen, der dort oben seine Messungen gel des Zeitgeistes. tive gerne übersehen wird: In vielen Kultu- machen wollte. Viele der ersten Gipfelbe- ren der Welt war „Bergsport“ schon viel steigungen hatten neben nationalisti- „Und es gehen die Menschen hin, zu be- früher bekannt; so gibt es Berichte aus schen (Glockner, Ortler) wissenschaftliche staunen die Höhen der Berge, die unge- dem China des achten Jahrhunderts über Gründe, etwa an der Jungfrau 1811 oder an heuren Fluten des Meeres, die breit dahin- Bergtouren – mit zünftigem Hüttenzauber. der Zugspitze. Doch mit hehrem Forscher- fließenden Ströme, die Weite des Ozeans Und jahrtausendealte kultische Spuren drang vermischte sich gewiss oft – wenn und die Bahnen der Gestirne und verges- findet man an vielen Bergen der Erde. Eu- auch unausgesprochen – Vorwitz und Neu- ropa musste sich erst aus dem dunklen gier aufs Ungewisse. -
The First Winter Ascent of Nanga Parbat
Pakistan Everest from Rongbuk Glacier, Tibet. Rob Fairley, 1987. (Watercolour. 36cm x 55cm. Private collection.) 21 SIMONE MORO The First Winter Ascent of Nanga Parbat The Diamir face of Nanga Parbat. Moro switched from the Messner route to the Kinshofer due to unusually risky conditions on his favoured line. (All photos courtesy of Simone Moro) t was a cold dream, one almost 30 years in the making, on an epic moun- Itain, the biggest in the world even if it isn’t the highest. In the course of those three decades I spent a whole year either under or on the slopes of Nanga Parbat before finally realising my ambition of climbing to the summit in winter, and with a unique group of people. To realise big dreams you have to accept long waits and numerous defeats; rework strategies, teams and tactics. In a nutshell, you have to be willing to be mentally very strong as well as physically. A winter expedition to an 8,000er is not the cold version of a spring or summer expedition. It’s another world, a way of doing alpinism that’s com- pletely different; one that has to be learned, understood and experienced. Cold is certainly one of the elements with which you have to cope, but there is also the constant wind, freezing and damn loud, a wind that can force 23 24 T HE A LPINE J OURN A L 2 0 1 6 T HE F IRS T W IN T ER A SCEN T O F N A N ga P A RB at 25 many technical details and protocols that must be respected when climb- ing an 8,000er in winter. -
Annapurna-2013-Steck
ANNAPURNA 1, South face, Ueli Steck, 8-9 October 2013 By Rodolphe Popier FACTS EXAMINATION and ANALYSIS p4 1/ Objective indirect elements of proofs p4 11/ Lights: p4 Sherpas’ statements p4 Contradicting other members’ statements p5 12/ Tracks: p9 13/ Remnants of tracks found by second team on the route: p11 2/ Timings and conditions P12 21/ A 21st century speed ascent! P12 211/ A global lack of precision in the produced data p12 212/ A speed overview essay p16 213/ Comparative speeds of Steck with 2 other teams p19 22/ Atmospheric and mountain conditions comparison p21 3/ Accounts and contradictions p26 31/ A new official German version following the 2014 Piolet d’Or award p26 32/ 4 different summit accounts P27 33/ 2 versions for the camera’s loss: p29 First version: at 6700m at 15h? p29 Second version: 7000m, after having searched for a bivy spot at the foot of the headwall? P30 34/ A varying number of abseils p32 4/ Further miscellaneous points p35 41/ The SMS / Sat phone p35 42/ In an almost “Olympic shape” after 28 hours of climbing P36 43/ Headwall details discussed with Graziani & Benoist p37 One of the very few in-depth studies, unpublished in its entirety so far, about the climb of Ueli Steck was led by Andreas Kubin, former Chief Editor of Bergsteiger for 25 years. This study is primarily based on his work, checking again his own conclusions and completing it with my own findings. Eberhard Jurgalski originally suggested me to do that study. I didn’t contact Ueli Steck regarding any facts on Annapurna 1. -
Helmets Culture Shock Be Inspired
32418_Cover 12/4/02 10:58 am Page 1 ISSUE 26 - SUMMER 2002 £2.50 Helmets Off Centre Impacts Culture Shock Climbers in Wadi Rum Be Inspired Stanage and On Peak Rock ALPINE A – Z NEW INSURANCE PULLING POWER PHOTO COMP WINNERS • MOUNTAIN TRAVEL • YEARBOOK • EXHIBITION FOREWORD... SUMMER SUMMITS elcome to Summit 26 which this time focuses on mountain travel, summer rock and getting Wout in the great outdoors. For me, like many climbers and walkers, the day the clocks change is a notable date in the annual calendar. All of a sudden the winter blues start to fade away, the daffodils come into bloom, the evenings lengthen, optimism returns, plans start to become reality – it’s summertime and it's time to head for the hills! The spring and summer months are indeed a wonderful time in the climbing year-book. This year, the clocks went forward over the Easter weekend and for some of us, the sun even shone. Honeypot areas such as Snowdonia, the Lakes, the Yorkshire Dales and other National Parks were heaving with visitors: Portland, Pembroke and Gogarth bus- tled - people were out there doing it and the countryside was well and truly back in business. Personally, I had an unusually quiet Easter. Unlike many others who headed for Scotland, the Alps, Fontainebleau or Sardinia, I stayed at home, recharged my batteries, ate good food, drank Abso- lution and made plans for the year. A couple of long walks took me up and around the Kinder plateau, following in the footsteps of the Kinder trespassers on one occasion and scoping out some new lines on another. -
Annapurna IV Expedition 24,688 Feet • 7525 Meters 2015 International Mountain Guides
Annapurna IV Expedition 24,688 feet • 7525 meters 2015 International Mountain Guides Do you want to go climb a big Himalayan Peak but you don't want to break the bank? Looking for a reasonable mountaineering objective for the post monsoon season in Nepal? Well, give Annapurna IV a shot! Eric Simonson tried to climb this gorgeous mountain back in autumn 1987. They had a great trip right up until they got creamed by one of the all-time big storms to hit the Himalayas. Eric always wanted to try it again. This expedition is for our climbers who have done it all, as well as our climbers who are just starting to test themselves at higher elevations. If you have been on the summit of an 8000 meter peak and you simply want to get high again, this mountain is for you. Maybe you are training for Everest in the future but are not quite ready for that big jump. Annapurna IV is a great testing ground. Leading the 2015 Annapurna IV expedition will be one of our IMG senior guides along with our top notch Sherpa staff. You will get the same guidance and support that has come to be expected from an IMG expedition. Our 2015 Annapurna 4 itinerary will fly our team to Manang Airport (near Humre) at the foot of the Annapurna Range. From this spectacular location, we will do a series of acclimatization hikes, before moving up to the Base Camp. Our Senior Guides will be joined by a cadre of our IMG Sherpa ”A” Team to lend a hand with the camps and route. -
Appalachia Alpina
Appalachia Volume 71 Number 2 Summer/Fall 2020: Unusual Pioneers Article 16 2020 Alpina Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.dartmouth.edu/appalachia Part of the Nonfiction Commons Recommended Citation (2020) "Alpina," Appalachia: Vol. 71 : No. 2 , Article 16. Available at: https://digitalcommons.dartmouth.edu/appalachia/vol71/iss2/16 This In Every Issue is brought to you for free and open access by Dartmouth Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Appalachia by an authorized editor of Dartmouth Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Alpina A semiannual review of mountaineering in the greater ranges The 8,000ers The major news of 2019 was that Nirmal (Nims) Purja, from Nepal, climbed all fourteen 8,000-meter peaks in under seven months. The best previous time was a bit under eight years. Records are made to be broken, but rarely are they smashed like this. Here, from the Kathmandu Post, is the summary: Annapurna, 8,091 meters, Nepal, April 23 Dhaulagiri, 8,167 meters, Nepal, May 12 Kangchenjunga, 8,586 meters, Nepal, May 15 Everest, 8,848 meters, Nepal, May 22 Lhotse, 8,516 meters, Nepal, May 22 Makalu, 8,481 meters, Nepal, May 24 Nanga Parbat, 8,125 meters, Pakistan, July 3 Gasherbrum I, 8,080 meters, Pakistan, July 15 Gasherbrum II, 8,035 meters, Pakistan, July 18 K2, 8,611 meters, Pakistan, July 24 Broad Peak, 8,047 meters, Pakistan, July 26 Cho Oyu 8,201 meters, China/Nepal, September 23 Manaslu, 8,163 meters, Nepal, September 27 Shishapangma, 8,013 meters, China, October 29 He reached the summits of Everest, Lhotse, and Makalu in an astounding three days. -
Nanga Parbat: First Winter Ascent Pakistan, Western Himalaya at 3.17 P.M
AAC Publications Nanga Parbat: First Winter Ascent Pakistan, Western Himalaya At 3.17 p.m. on February 26, Simone Moro (Italy), Muhammad Ali Sadpara (Pakistan), and Alex Txikon (Spain) stepped onto the summit of Nanga Parbat (8,125m) to make the long-awaited first winter ascent. Before the 2015-’16 winter season, which in the Northern Hemisphere conventionally runs from December 21 to March 20, a total of 31 expeditions had attempted Nanga Parbat in winter. Six more teams arrived for this winter season, and two of these eventually combined forces to make the successful ascent. Although more of a reconnaissance than a serious attempt (Nanga Parbat had not been climbed at that time), the first foray onto the mountain in winter conditions occurred in 1950, when a three-man team of British mountaineers established a couple of camps on the Rakhiot Face in December. When he started to suffer frostbite in the toes, Robert Marsh descended, leaving his companions William Crace and John Thornley in a tent at about 5,500m. They were never seen again. The Poles, those doyens of Himalayan winter mountaineering, started the ball rolling again in the 1988-’89 season. This and most subsequent expeditions failed to get above 7,000m. The best effort until this year came in early February 1997, when a Polish team led by the father of high-altitude winter mountaineering, Andrzej Zawada, established four camps on the standard Kinshofer Route, from the highest of which two climbers made a push for the top. Zbigniew Trzmiel reached a point only 250m below the summit before turning around. -
2007 Shared Summits K2 Expedition
2007 shared summits K2 expedition Autor(en): Normand, Bruce Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Jahresbericht / Akademischer Alpen-Club Zürich Band (Jahr): 112 (2007) PDF erstellt am: 23.09.2021 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind. Ein Dienst der ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Schweiz, www.library.ethz.ch http://www.e-periodica.ch 2007 SHARED SUMMITS K2 EXPEDITION TEAM AND THE PREPARATION temperatures, for a range of altitudes and I met Chris Warner in Peru in the mid- for the next week, cost 2500CHF. I also 1990s. Since then he'd founded Earth- chose a cook and assistant cook from our treks, a Baltimore-based guiding company trekking agent, Adventure Tours Pakistan with three rock gyms, and climbed Everest, (ATP): with Didar and Javed I came up with Lhotse, Cho Oyu and Shishapangma. -
Ali Sadpara Shines As Symbol of Brilliance
The Business | 02 LAHORE/NATIONSundAay , FeL bruary 14, 2021 Coronavirus claims Wheat policy in collaboration another 32 lives; 492 with flour mills soon: Aleem By Our Staff Reporter Imran Khan is to give maximum so that the farmers can get max - the market and 20 kg bag of new cases in Punjab compensation to the farmers for imum benefit in the coming flour was provided across Pun - By Our Staff Reporter with masks. The people should wash LAHORE: Food Minister wheat so that they could prosper crop. He told that the Food De - jab at fixed rates. their hands with soap several times in a Punjab Abdul Aleem Khan has and get full reward for their hard partment was formulating a co - Senior & Food Minister LAHORE: Coronavirus claimed an - day to protect themselves from COVID- said that the decision to increase work. hesive policy for the next year in Abdul Aleem Khan further said other 32 lives while 492 new cases were 19. Contact 1033 immediately on symp - the per mond price of wheat in Talking in this regard, Senior collaboration with flour mills that the best policy for prosper - reported in Punjab during the last 24 toms of coronavirus, the health care Punjab from Rs. 1650 to Rs. & Food Minister Abdul Aleem and it would be ensured that ous farmers and consumers is hours. department urged the citizens. 1800 would be welcome step for Khan said that in order to in - wheat and flour be available in the first priority of the present According to the data shared by the 35 shops sealed over corona related the farmers and full credit for crease the price of wheat in Pun - the market in large quantities.