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First Record of Cardiid Cockles Fulvia Nienkeae Ter Poorten, 2012 (Mollusca: Veneroida: Cardiidae) from Indian Waters

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First Record of Cardiid Cockles Fulvia Nienkeae Ter Poorten, 2012 (Mollusca: Veneroida: Cardiidae) from Indian Waters Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences Vol. 45(1), January 2016, pp. 145-146 First record of Cardiid cockles Fulvia nienkeae ter Poorten, 2012 (Mollusca: Veneroida: Cardiidae) from Indian waters. Prasad Chandra Tudu*& Anil Mohapatra! Marine Aquarium and Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Foreshore Road, Digha, Purba Medinipur, W.B.721428 [Email:*[email protected] & [email protected]] Received 20 January 2014; revised 21 February 2014 A first record of Fulvia nienkeae ter Poorten, 2012 from Indian waters at Vishakhapatnam harbour is reported and its range was extended within Central Indo-Pacific to Bay of Bengal. Counting the present record, the total number of species of the genus Fulvia Gray, 1853 from India is raised to 4. The newly reported species was compared with another morphological close species, Fulvia australis (G.B. Sowerby II, 1834). [Key words: Cardiidae, First record, Fulvia nienkeae, Indian waters, Cardiid] Introduction Specimens were photographed using Olympus The species of the family Cardiidae are found in E-PL1 digital camera and morphometric tropical, temperate and boreal waters. Members measurements (height and length) were taken of the family are shallow burrowers in sand or using vernier calliper4. mud and found in the substrates almost anywhere on the continental shelf from the intertidal zone to the continental slope1. Globally, 16 extant species of Fulvia Gray, 1853 are known2. From the Indian waters, only 3 species, namely Fulvia aperta (Bruguiere, 1789), Fulvia australis (Sowerby II, 1834) and Fulvia laevigata (Linnaeus, 1758) [reported as Fulvia papyracea (Bruguiere, 1789)] are so far reported3. During the survey of ‘Study Ornamental fauna of East coast India’, two cockle specimens were collected at Vishakhapatnam and identified as Fulvia nienkeae ter Poorten, 2012, which stood as first record to Indian waters. Fig.1 Map showing the collection locality. Materials and Methods During the ‘Study of ornamental fauna of east Results and Discussion coast of India’, two cockles specimens were Taxonomy encountered from the fish bycatch at fishing Phylum: MOLLUSCA Linnaeus, 1758 harbour Vishakhapatnam (17°41.885'N and Class: BIVALVIA Linnaeus, 1758 083°18.143'E) in Andhra Pradesh State of India Subclass: HETERODONTA Neumayr, 1884 th (Figure 1) on 26 June 2013. Specimens were Order: VENEROIDA Gray, 1854 identified as Fulvia nienkeae ter Poorten, 2012 2 Superfamily: CARDIOIDEA Lamarck, 1809 following the description of ter Poorten (2012) Family: CARDIIDAE Lamarck, 1809 and deposited at Marine Aquarium and Regional Subfamily: LAEVICARDIINAE Keen, 1951 Centre of Zoological Survey of India, Digha Genus: Fulvia [Registration number MARC/ZSI/M3444]. Species: nienkeae ter Poorten, 20122 146 INDIAN J. MAR. SCI., VOL. 45, NO. 1 JANUARY 2016 (Figure 2. A, B, C, D, E, F) rib lets, colour and someway circular in shape, Synonym: 2012. Fulvia (Fulvia) nienkeae ter so this is considered as F. nienkeae. Poorten, Basteria 76(4-6): 117-1255. First example; left valve (Fig.2A, B & C), height 20.57mm, length 19.86mm, second example; right valve (Fig. 2D, E & F), having height 17.11mm, length 17.16mm. Diagnosis Shell elongate, quadrangular, thin and glossy; umbo prosogyrate; radial ribs 51-56, low rounded radial ribs, continual on entire shell but strongly developed in posterior part; interstices smaller at umbo, wider at anterior and of irregular size posterior; lunule large, broad, smooth, having a slightly concave, well delimited ventral border and a slightly sinuous dorsal margin, hinge is arched, cardinals un equal in both valves; ventral margin finely crenulated; periostracum present along the radial ribs and rib lets. Shell surface almost smooth; exterior ornamented with cream or more or less yellowish triangular pattern, somewhere forming the purple-brown patches; umbonal tip deep purple; lunular heart orange-brown; lunular area yellowish, interior white in colour; interior Fig. 2. Fulvia nienkeae ter Poorten, 2012. A-C, left valve of umbo is yellow-orange and a brown interior (H 20.57X L19.86 mm), A- exterior, B- interior, C- dorsal view, D-F, right valve (H 17.11X L 17.16 mm), D- dorsal at posterior slope. view, E- exterior and F- interior. Distribution Acknowledgement Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Caledonia, Authors are thankful to Director, Zoological Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Survey of India, for providing necessary Solomon Islands, Vanuatu2 and India (present facilities for the work. study). References Remarks 1 Wilson, B.R. & Stevenson, S.E. Cardiidae (Mollusca, The distributional range of Fulvia nienkeae ter Bivalvia) of Western Australia, Western Australia Museum Special Publication 9, (1977) pp.7-114. Poorten, 2012 is extended to Indian waters in 2 ter Poorten, J.J. Ter. Fulvia (Fulvia) nienkeae spec. Bay of Bengal. This species is similar with the nov., a new Fulvia from the Central Indo-West Pacific F. australis which was reported from Andaman (Bivalvia, Cardiidae), Basteria, 76(4-6) (2012) pp.117- and Nicobar Islands 3,6, Gujarat3, Lakshadweep3 125. 3 3 Ramakrishna & Dey, A. Annotated checklist of Indian and Tamilnadu coast . The later species has marine molluscs (Cephalopoda, Bivalvia and lower number of radial ribs (34-55), presence of Scaphopoda): Part – 1, Rec. zool. Surv. India, Occ. microscopic granules, the median ribs are not Paper No. 320, (2010) pp.148-158. clearly developed, smaller than the former and 4 Vidal J. & Kirkendale L. Ten new species of Cardiidae also the colour differs as described by ter (Mollusca, Bivalvia) from New Caledonia and the 2 tropical western Pacific. Zoosystema 29 (1) (2007) Poorten (2012) . Out of the two collected pp.83-107. specimens one specimen is having the radial ribs 5 ter Poorten, J.J; Bouchet, P. (2013). Fulvia nienkeae ter is 51 and H/L ratio is 1.035, it may be juvenile; Poorten, 2012. Accessed through: World Register of but according to Vidal (1994)2 range of radial Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails rib may be 50-68, so, we consider this example &id=714890 on 2014-01-16. as F. nienkeae. The other specimen has a radial 6 Tikadar, B.K., Daniel, A. and Subba Rao, N.V. Sea ribs 56 and H/L ratio of .997 but radial ribs and shore animals of Andaman and Nicober Islands, ZSI. (1986) pp. 176. .
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