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377 BOOK REVIEWS the Greek New Testament Edited by Kurt Aland

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377 BOOK REVIEWS the Greek New Testament Edited by Kurt Aland BOOK REVIEWS 377 The Greek New Testament edited by Kurt Aland, Matthew Black, Carlo M. Martini, Bruce M. Metzger and Allen Wikgren, in cooperation with the Institute for New Testament Textual Research, Münster/Westphalia, under the direction of Kurt Aland and Barbara Aland, lxii + 926, United Bible Societies Third Edition (corrected), 1983. The third edition of the United Bible Societies' Greek New Testament ( = UBS3) appeared in 1975. A fourth edition is in preparation, in which there will be a revised selection of lemmata, a reassessment of the rating letters (which I under- stand is to reflect greater optimism in the text than did UBS3) and, according to p. x, a more scientifically based citation of both Greek and, more particularly, ver- sional and patristic evidence. Such change takes time: hence this interim corrected edition ( has been published to include the corrigenda and addenda brought to light during the preparation of Nestle-Aland Novum TestamentumGraece 26th edition ( N-A26). The Preface to UBS3Atells us that most of the changes are to be found in the apparatus and in matters of punctuation, both in the text and in the punctuation apparatus (which now excludes the evidence of N-A25 but which does not compensate by including changes made to UBS3). These changes bring UBS into line with N-A26. In addition, an index of allusions and verbal parallels in Old Testament order is included: this is an abridged version of N-A26 Appendix III. Excluding changes to the punctuation, over half the total number of pages in UBS3Ahave at least one alteration compared with UBS3. The compilation of an accurate critical apparatus is a formidable task and the constant refining, and correcting, of previously published information is reflected here. Most changes occur outside the gospels, possibly because the apparatus to the gospels had already been subjected to scrutiny during the frequent revisions of Aland's Synopsis.The text has not been altered, nor has the selection of variation units or ratings. This means that the pagination of UBS3 is maintained for the New Testament even when an apparatus has been expanded (p. 762). The following notes indicate the main categories of change I have detected, together with a few examples. A. APPARATUS (1) Papyri: circa 90 changes. Some evidence has been added (p. 688, P16 P61; p. 692, P6'; p. 713, P46);some repositioned (p. 329, P6') or cited in support of a newly printed o. (p. 525, p74; p. 686, P46). Usually the changes reflect a refining of the reading by altering the text of the v. (p. 497, or by deleting eithervid (p. 701, P46; p. 752, p. 812, or brackets (p. 492, by adding vid (p. 212, P4; p. 753 P13). Occasionally a papyrus included in UBS' with vid is deleted entirely (p. 102, p37, P45) although on p. 453 P74 and on p. 766 P13 are deleted without their readings having been doubted in the earlier editions. Corrections are also to be found (p. 331, P36is now P5): many such concern P66thanks to Fee's work on this ms. (p. 399). (2) Uncials: circa 200 changes, many concerning 048 and 0232. These changes can be summarised under several heads: (i) Corrections to !c (pp. 47, 86, 348, 578, 889) (ii) Repositioning the evidence to support eithera different existing o. (p. 86 A; p. 521 0142; p. 752 W) or a newly cited o. (p. 388 W; p. 643 0 c; p. 808 ABC) (iii) Redefinition of a reading (p. 32 BLWA; p. 799049C) (iv) Occasional additions of mss. (p. 32 r; p. 210 0130; p. 354 T; pp. 614, 616, 617 075) (v) As with the papyri, the redefining of a citation eitherby adding or deleting vid 378 (p. 135 C; p. 330 083 ; p. 428 C) or by adding brackets (p. 74 W; p. 455 B) (vi) There are a few inexplicable changes (p. 664'Y? now = Tvid) (3) Minuscules:circa 200 changes, especially to the presentation of the majority text (Byz) which is now sometimes shown to be divided (pp. 123, 125, 248, 390, 523) or sometimes united (pp. 455, 478, 566, 799). Many changes concern mss. 33, 892, 1739, 2495. Most changes concern eitherthe repositioning of a ms. (p. 282 28; p. 464 104; p. 487 326; p. 802 1505) or the definition of evidence (p. 620 81; p. 695 33 ;p. 786 1505, 2495; p. 798 81, 104, cf. p. 718 104). The repositioning of 440 (p. 581) is important as we now have no Greek evidence for 1mOoTaocptocq X6-rwv. Occasionally mss. are added (p. 804 33vid 81vid; p. 871 2344). On p. 48 the addi- tion of 1424 means that a previously recorded versional v. now has Greek sup- port. A rare deletion of a cursive may be seen (p. 285 1241). Not all these changes are to be seen in N-A26 (p. 745 629) and in one case I have noted that the new evidence in UBS3Aconflicts with N-A26(p. 762 326). (4) Versions:circa 190 changes, mainly to the repositioning of Coptic and Syriac evidence (pp. 676, 827) and to the old Latin-especially in the gospels, thanks doubtless to the ease of cross-checking with Jülicher Itala (p. 12 b f q; p. 26 g'; p. 125 1; p. 342 j and outside the gospels p. 783 ff; pp. 842, 854 t, p. 866 gig). Another common reason for change is the redefinition of eitherthe support (p. 128 e f bracketed ; p. 296 latPt bracketed) or the reading (p. 521 hvid). Only occasionally is versional evidence added (p. 468 p) or deleted (p. 477 vg mss). Corrections are made (p. 421 b now = d); some still require correction (rl found frequently in Paul, and r2 found in Phil, I Th should be r3). Versional evidence is notoriously difficult to represent adequately in a Greek apparatus and we welcome the changes made pending the thorough revision promised in UBS4. (5) Fathers: circa 174 changes, many of which concern Epiph, Iren and Ambst. In Rev Beatus has been added 7 times. The most frequent change from UBS3 has been the addition of a father to support an existing o.l.(p. 8 Cyril; p. 35 Eus, Theod) and this is especially marked in the epistles (p. 424 Basil; pp. 597, 604, 615, 627 Pelagius; p. 682 Cyprian). As far as I can see no father's name has been deleted completely from a variation unit although several have been repositioned to support a different o. (pp. 44, 386 Origen; p. 73 Clem; p. 118 Iren; p. 487 Ath; p. 631 Tert). This refining can be seen in the addition of brackets to a name (p. 2 Iren; p. 631 Ambst; p. 797 Amb) or the deletion of brackets (p. 10 Eus; p. 799 Jer with repositioning). On p. 613 the now divided evidence of Epiph is shown by the rare use of fractions instead of the more usual, although equally vague, 'pt'. Some errors are corrected (p. 457 Cyril Alex; p. 850 Primasius (pr) deleted). Usually the changes brings UBS3^ and N-A26together. On p. 812 Maternus added in UBS3 is known in N-A26as Firm(icus). (6) Other changes to the apparatus concern eitherthe restyling or correcting of a lemma (pp. 2, 224, 427, 429, 431, 456, 568, 777, 784) or the correction of typographical errors (pp. 480, 506, 509, 599, 719). Occasionally the reading in UBS3' differs from N-A26(D at Mark 8:16). B. TEXT The only changes to the text concern punctuation, accentuation and orthography. Except for the eradication of printing errors (pp. 17, 524, 591, 679, 729) the text as such has not been altered. Punctuation sometimes differs from N-A26 intentionally: N-A26 p. 44* and UBS31 p. xlii ff. make it clear that direct speech in N-A26is to be introduced with a colon; in UBS with a comma and a capital, or with 6<t and a capital. Some punc- tuation differences outside speech are less logical as may be seen when comparing .
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