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Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and Confrontationist Power Politics in Pakistan : JRSP, Vol
Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and Confrontationist Power Politics in Pakistan : JRSP, Vol. 58, No 2 (April-June 2021) Ulfat Zahra Javed Iqbal Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and the Beginning of Confrontationist Power Politics in Pakistan 1971-1977 Abstract: This paper mainly explores the genesis of power politics in Pakistan during 1971-1977. The era witnessed political disorders that the country had experienced after the tragic event of the separation of East Pakistan. Bhutto’s desire for absolute power and his efforts to introduce a system that would make him the main force in power alienated both, the opposition and his colleagues and supporters. Instead of a democratic stance on competitive policies, he adopted an authoritarian style and confronted the National People's Party, leading to an era characterized by power politics and personality clashes between the stalwarts of the time. This mutual distrust between Bhutto and the opposition - led to a coalition of diverse political groups in the opposition, forming alliances such as the United Democratic Front and the Pakistan National Alliance to counter Bhutto's attempts of establishing a sort of civilian dictatorship. This study attempts to highlight the main theoretical and political implications of power politics between the ruling PPP and the opposition parties which left behind deep imprints on the history of Pakistan leading to the imposition of martial law in 1977. If the political parties tackle the situation with harmony, a firm democracy can establish in Pakistan. Keywords: Pakhtun Students Federation, Dehi Mohafiz, Shahbaz (Newspaper), Federal Security Force. Introduction The loss of East Pakistan had caused great demoralization in the country. -
12086393 01.Pdf
Exchange Rate 1 Pakistan Rupee (Rs.) = 0.871 Japanese Yen (Yen) 1 Yen = 1.148 Rs. 1 US dollar (US$) = 77.82 Yen 1 US$ = 89.34 Rs. Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project ................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.1 Background................................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.1.2 Work Items ................................................................................................................................ 1-2 1.1.3 Work Schedule ........................................................................................................................... 1-3 1.2 Progress of the Household Interview Survey (HIS) .......................................................................... 1-5 1.3 Seminar & Workshop ........................................................................................................................ 1-5 1.4 Supplementary Survey ....................................................................................................................... 1-6 1.4.1 Topographic and Utility Survey................................................................................................. 1-6 1.4.2 Water Quality Survey ............................................................................................................... -
READING MATERIAL of HISTORY and PAKISTAN STUDIES in the PUNJAB: an ANALYSIS Waseem Aziz
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF LINGUISTICS (PJL) Vol. 2 No. 3 (2020) READING MATERIAL OF HISTORY AND PAKISTAN STUDIES IN THE PUNJAB: AN ANALYSIS Waseem Aziz ABSTRACT Waseem Aziz in Pakistan reprimanded the legislatures and the reading material writers on distortion' of the recorded occasions and erasing significant portions of history from the prospectuses. Romila Mariam Chughtai shared her reservation with respect to reading material. Thapar in India mentioned criticisms against the BJP government's work of ‗religionising the prospectuses' and made an honest effort to present non-mutual methodology in the reading material while composing history books however her work stayed a simple craving on the grounds that the ‗religiously' radical ideological group possessing the primary passageway of the public government and having no similarity with her thoughts would not acknowledge the undisputed recorded realities. Dr. Mubarak Ali believed while composing on the course books that ‗defective reading material make a faulty outlook. Philosopy limits individuals from getting new information to comprehend the quick evolving world.' 2 Objections raised by KK Aziz with respect to authentic and social portrayals can barely be met if some writer or government plans to follow.3 For the explanation, various individuals condemned the reading material of History and Pakistan Studies however not a solitary writer has incorporated any course book as model. Whenever changed as wanted by the pundits it will prompt another discussion and individuals happy with the avoided things will be incredulous of the new consolidations and individuals disappointed with different things will respond in a similar way. So no full stop can be dropped anyplace for this situation since school or school prospectus comprising of information examined quickly with a particular heading can't oblige all parts of history. -
Public and Private Control and Contestation of Public Space Amid Violent Conflict in Karachi
Public and private control and contestation of public space amid violent conflict in Karachi Noman Ahmed, Donald Brown, Bushra Owais Siddiqui, Dure Shahwar Khalil, Sana Tajuddin and Gordon McGranahan Working Paper Urban Keywords: November 2015 Urban development, violence, public space, conflict, Karachi About the authors Published by IIED, November 2015 Noman Ahmed, Donald Brown, Bushra Owais Siddiqui, Dure Noman Ahmed: Professor and Chairman, Department of Shahwar Khalil, Sana Tajuddin and Gordon McGranahan. 2015. Architecture and Planning at NED University of Engineering Public and private control and contestation of public space amid and Technology in Karachi. Email – [email protected] violent conflict in Karachi. IIED Working Paper. IIED, London. Bushra Owais Siddiqui: Young architect in private practice in http://pubs.iied.org/10752IIED Karachi. Email – [email protected] ISBN 978-1-78431-258-9 Dure Shahwar Khalil: Young architect in private practice in Karachi. Email – [email protected] Printed on recycled paper with vegetable-based inks. Sana Tajuddin: Lecturer and Coordinator of Development Studies Programme at NED University, Karachi. Email – sana_ [email protected] Donald Brown: IIED Consultant. Email – donaldrmbrown@gmail. com Gordon McGranahan: Principal Researcher, Human Settlements Group, IIED. Email – [email protected] Produced by IIED’s Human Settlements Group The Human Settlements Group works to reduce poverty and improve health and housing conditions in the urban centres of Africa, Asia -
Henry Jenkins 6--Eter D Ei"3• Fessor of Humanities Professor of Comparatie Media Studies and Literature Co-Director, Comparative Media Studies
Tactical Cities: Negotiating Violence in Karachi, Pakistan By Huma Yusuf A.B. English and American Literature and Language Harvard University, 2002 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPARATIVE MEDIA STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN COMPARATIVE MEDIA STUDIES AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY JUNE 2008 MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE.i © Huma Yusuf. All rights reserved. OF TEOHNOLOGY The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce MAY 1 9 2008 and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. LIBRARIES Signature of Author: rrogram in Compirative ~edia Studies May 9, 2Q98 Certified By: William Charles Uricchio Professor of Comparative Media Studies Co-Director, Comparative Media Studies Thesis 4ervisor Accepted By: Henry Jenkins 6--eter d ei"3• fessor of Humanities Professor of Comparatie Media Studies and Literature Co-Director, Comparative Media Studies Tactical Cities: Negotiating Violence in Karachi, Pakistan by Huma Yusuf A.B. English and American Literature and Language Harvard University, 2002 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPARATIVE MEDIA STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN COMPARATIVE MEDIA STUDIES AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY JUNE 2008 C Huma Yusuf. All rights reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document -
Encroachment and Eviction URC
Encroachment and Eviction URC NEWSCLIPPINGS JANUARY TO JUNE 2019 ENCROACHMETN & EVICTION Urban Resource Centre A-2, 2nd floor, Westland Trade Centre, Block 7&8, C-5, Shaheed-e-Millat Road, Karachi. Tel: 021-4559317, Fax: 021-4387692, Email: [email protected], Website: www.urckarachi.org Facebook: www.facebook.com/URCKHI Twitter: https://twitter.com/urc_karachi 1 Encroachment and Eviction URC Demolition of restaurant: SHC rejects contempt plea against KMC The Sindh High Court (SHC) on Tuesday rejected the contempt of court plea filed by a builder against Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC), regarding the demolition of a restaurant under construction at Bagh Ibne Qasim. Counsel for KMC, Advocate Sameer Gazanfar, argued that the land for the restaurant was acquired at Bagh Ibne Qasim in 1999 and instead of taking up the issue of regularisation with the KMC, a case was filed in the court. Ghazanfar further said that the Supreme Court (SC) had placed a ban on commercial use of parks. A divisional bench comprising Justice Junaid Ghaffar and Justice Yousuf Ali Syed rejected the contempt of court plea against KMC and also dismissed the plea for stay against the demolition. Plea against Alvi The SHC ordered the petitioner to produce record of the plea he had filed against the election of Dr Arif Alvi as President of Pakistan by January 21. A two-member bench comprising Justice Iqbal Kalhoro and Justice Shamsuddin Abbasi heard the case. Petitioner, Azmat Rehan, argued that Dr Alvi was involved in tampering the court‘s record. He claimed that the current SHC chief justice had also issued orders against him. -
The Ideological Divide of the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan
The Ideological Divide of the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan By Muhammad Asif Iqbal* Presented at the International Conference of the International Society for Third-Sector Research, Bangkok, July 9-12, 2006 * The author is Principal Economist at the Social Policy and Development Centre, Karachi Address: 15, Maqbool CHS, Block 7&8, Karachi, PAKISTAN Email: [email protected] 1 The Ideological Divide of the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan The nonprofit sector in Pakistan currently faces a number of issues among which ideological divide is identified as the most significant internal difference (Pasha and Iqbal 2002). There exists a strong polarization between religious and modern ‘secular’ organizations. During the 1980’s the tension between religious and secular NPOs (Nonprofit Organizations) increased significantly and it continues to grow till today. The conflict is more visible in advocacy of human rights, particularly women’s issues. There have been controversies in the field of service provision too, for example, in providing education to girls in a co-educational system and in pursuing family planning programs. On occasions, this tension has culminated in ideological/ political attacks on the nonprofit organizations that are working for advocacy of social and political rights. This ideological divide stems from different worldviews that leaders of religious and secular NPOs possess. Issues relating to women’s rights are at core of this contention. Pakistan has a complex socio-cultural setup where traditional values are mixed with religious beliefs. The religious elite, tribal mentality and local customs limit opportunities for women in the society. Thus, modern concepts of women’s rights _ including freedom of expression, freedom of movement, and economic emancipation _ are at odds with those interpretations of Islamic teachings about women’s rights that have been presented by conservative religious scholars in Pakistan. -
Informal Land Controls, a Case of Karachi-Pakistan
Informal Land Controls, A Case of Karachi-Pakistan. This Thesis is Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Saeed Ud Din Ahmed School of Geography and Planning, Cardiff University June 2016 DECLARATION This work has not been submitted in substance for any other degree or award at this or any other university or place of learning, nor is being submitted concurrently in candidature for any degree or other award. Signed ………………………………………………………………………………… (candidate) Date ………………………… i | P a g e STATEMENT 1 This thesis is being submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of …………………………(insert MCh, MD, MPhil, PhD etc, as appropriate) Signed ………………………………………………………………………..………… (candidate) Date ………………………… STATEMENT 2 This thesis is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by explicit references. The views expressed are my own. Signed …………………………………………………………….…………………… (candidate) Date ………………………… STATEMENT 3 I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter- library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed ……………………………………………………………………………… (candidate) Date ………………………… STATEMENT 4: PREVIOUSLY APPROVED BAR ON ACCESS I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter- library loans after expiry of a bar on access previously approved by the Academic Standards & Quality Committee. Signed …………………………………………………….……………………… (candidate) Date ………………………… ii | P a g e iii | P a g e Acknowledgement The fruition of this thesis, theoretically a solitary contribution, is indebted to many individuals and institutions for their kind contributions, guidance and support. NED University of Engineering and Technology, my alma mater and employer, for financing this study. -
Political Turmoil in a Megacity: the Role of Karachi for the Stability of Pakistan and South Asia
Political Turmoil in a Megacity: The Role of Karachi for the Stability of Pakistan and South Asia Bettina Robotka Political parties are a major part of representative democracy which is the main political system worldwide today. In a society where direct modes of democracy are not manageable any more – and that is the majority of modern democracies- political parties are a means of uniting and organizing people who share certain ideas about how society should progress. In South Asia where democracy as a political system was introduced from outside during colonial rule only few political ideologies have developed. Instead, we find political parties here are mostly based on ethnicity. The flowing article will analyze the Muttahida Qaumi Movement and the role it plays in Karachi. Karachi is the largest city, the main seaport and the economic centre of Pakistan, as well as the capital of the province of Sindh. It is situated in the South of Pakistan on the shore of the Arabian Sea and holds the two main sea ports of Pakistan Port Karachi and Port Bin Qasim. This makes it the commercial hub of and gateway to Pakistan. The city handles 95% of Pakistan’s foreign trade, contributes 30% to Pakistan’s manufacturing sector, and almost 90% of the head offices of the banks, financial institutions and 2 Pakistan Vision Vol. 14 No.2 multinational companies operate from Karachi. The country’s largest stock exchange is Karachi-based, making it the financial and commercial center of the country as well. Karachi contributes 20% of the national GDP, adds 45% of the national value added, retains 40% of the national employment in large-scale manufacturing, holds 50% of bank deposits and contributes 25% of national revenues and 40% of provincial revenues.1 Its population which is estimated between 18 and 21million people makes it a major resource for the educated and uneducated labor market in the country. -
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES and MONUMENTS in SINDH PROVINCE PROTECTED by the FEDERAL GOVERNMENT Badin District 1
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES AND MONUMENTS IN SINDH PROVINCE PROTECTED BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT Badin District 1. Runs of old city at Badin, Badin Dadu District 2. Tomb of Yar Muhammad Khan kalhora and its adjoining Masjid near khudabad, Dadu. 3. Jami Masjid, Khudabad, Dadu. 4. Rani Fort Kot, Dadu. 5. Amri, Mounds, Dadu. 6. Lakhomir-ji-Mari, Deh Nang opposite Police outpost, Sehwan, Dadu. 7. Damb Buthi, Deh Narpirar at the source of the pirari (spring), south of Jhangara, Sehwan, Dadu. 8. Piyaroli Mari, Deh Shouk near pir Gaji Shah, Johi, Dadu. 9. Ali Murad village mounds, Deh Bahlil Shah, Johi, Dadu. 10. Nasumji Buthi, Deh Karchat Mahal, Kohistan, Dadu. 11. Kohtrass Buthi, Deh Karchat about 8 miles south-west of village of Karchat on road from Thana Bula Khan to Taung, Dadu. 12. Othamjo Buthi Deh Karchat or river Baran on the way from the Arabjo Thano to Wahi village north-west of Bachani sandhi, Mahal, Kohistan, Dadu. 13. Lohamjodaro, Deh Palha at a distance of 30 chains from Railway Station but not within railway limits, Dadu. 14. Pandhi Wahi village mounds, Deh Wahi, Johi, Dadu. 15. Sehwan Fort, Sehwan, Dadu. 16. Ancient Mound, Deh Wahi Pandhi, Johi, Dadu. 17. Ancient Mound, Deh Wahi Pandhi, Johi, Dadu. Hyderabad District 18. Tomb of Ghulam Shah Kalhora, Hyderabad. 19. Boundary Wall of Pucca Fort, Hyderabad. 20. Old office of Mirs, Hyderabad Fort, Hyderabad. 21. Tajar (Treasury) of Mirs, Hyderabad Fort, Hyderabad. 22. Tomb of Ghulam Nabi Khan Kalhora, Hyderabad. 23. Buddhist Stupa, (Guja) a few miles from Tando Muhammad Khan, Hyderabad. 24. -
Art Deco: the Lost Glory of Karachi
Art Deco: The Lost Glory of Karachi Written and Researched by: Marvi Mazhar, Anushka Maqbool, Harmain Ahmer Research Team: Harmain Ahmer, Hareem Naseer, Marvi Mazhar, Anushka Maqbool Contents 0 Prologue 1 Introduction 2 Progression of Karachi’s Architecture 3 The Art Deco Movement: Global to Local 4 Influences on Architecture: Symbols and Furniture 5 A South Asian Network: Art Deco Insta Family 6 Conclusion: Karachi’s Urban Decay and Way Forward ©MMA 0 Prologue Owners currently residing in the historical bungalows are interviewed. ‘For many developing nations, modernity is associated with pro- The history of the bungalow and its evolution through the owners and gress and there is an aspiration towards western styles of living; the secondary research would be found. The methodology and approach old is rejected for being backward, and historic continuity becomes that is used to document the historical buildings is extremely impor- disregarded in favor of the status of the modern.’ tant for the preservation and protection process under Heritage Law. This type of research and documentation methodology is holistic and Historic Bungalow Research is an ongoing documentation project of investigative, unlike the current governmental approach to heritage the historic buildings of Sindh. It is conducted by performing extensive documentation, which is carried out on a superficial level. field work and collecting oral narratives and literature. The work -in The research aims to document, understand, and profile century old volves analysing bungalow typologies, spatial definition, material tech- bungalows across Sindh for archival purposes. Educating current and niques, craftsmanship and personally owned artifacts which define -ma future generations about the existence and beauty of these historical terial memory. -
The People of Karachi Demographic Characteristics
MONOGRAPHS IN THE ECONOMICS OF DEVELOPMENT No. 13 The People of Karachi Demographic Characteristics SULTAN S. HASHMI January 1965 PAKISTAN INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS Old Sind Assembly Building Bunder Road, Karachi (Pakistan) Price Rs. 5.00 PAKISTAN INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPME :ONOMICS Old Sind Assembly Building Bunder Road, Karachi-1 (Pakistan) The Institute carries out basic research studies on the economic problems of development in Pakistan and other Asian countries. It also provides training in economic analysis and research methodology for the professional members of its staff and for members of other organization concerned with development problems. Executive Board Mr. Said Hasan, H.Q.A. (Chairman) Mr. S. A. F. M. A. Sobhan Mr. G. S. Kehar, S.Q.A. (Member) (Member) Mr. M. L. Qureshi, S.Q.A. Mr. M. Raschid (Member) (Member) Mr. A. Rashid Ibrahim Mr. S. M. Sulaiman (Member-Treasurer) (Member) Professor A. F. A. Hussain Dr. Mahbubul Haq (Member) (Member) Mian Nazir Ahmad, T.Q.A. (Secretary) Director: Professor Nurul Islam Senior Research Adviser: Dr. Bruce Glassburner Research Advisers: Dr. W. Eric Gustafson; Dr. Ronald Soligo; Dr. Stephen R. Lewis, Jr.; Dr. Warren C. Robinson; Mr. William Seltzer. Senior Fellows: Dr. S. A. Abbas; Dr. M. Baqai; Dr. Mahbubul Haq; Professor T. Haq; Professor A. F. A. Hussain; Dr. R. H. Khandkar; Dr. Taufique Khan; Professor M. Rashid. Advisory Board Professor Max F. Millikan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Professor Gunnar Myrdal, University of Stockholm. Professor E. A. G. Robinson, Cambridge University. MONOGRAPHS IN THE ECONOMICS OF DEVELOPMENT No. 13 The People of Karachi Demographic Characteristics SULTANS.