DOCSLIB.ORG

Rediscovering the Walisongo, Indonesia: a Potential New Destination for International Pilgrimage

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Rediscovering the Walisongo, Indonesia: a Potential New Destination for International Pilgrimage International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage Volume 7 Issue 4 Special Issue : Volume 2 of Papers Presented at 10th International Religious Article 10 Tourism and Pilgrimage Conference 2018, Santiago de Compostela 2019 Rediscovering the Walisongo, Indonesia: A potential new destination for international pilgrimage Pierre Fournié University of Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée-France, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://arrow.tudublin.ie/ijrtp Part of the Tourism and Travel Commons Recommended Citation Fournié, Pierre (2019) "Rediscovering the Walisongo, Indonesia: A potential new destination for international pilgrimage," International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage: Vol. 7: Iss. 4, Article 10. doi:https://doi.org/10.21427/g00f-qd76 Available at: https://arrow.tudublin.ie/ijrtp/vol7/iss4/10 Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License. © International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage ISSN : 2009-7379 Available at: http://arrow.dit.ie/ijrtp/ Volume 7(iv) 2019 Rediscovering the Walisongo, Indonesia: A potential new destination for international pilgrimage Pierre Fournié Dicen IDF - University of Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée-France [email protected] The current paper explores the tradition of Walisongo, the nine saints or nine friends of God, that according to tradition initiated the islamisation of Java in the XV and XVI centuries. Largely unknown outside of Indonesia, the Wali Songo pilgrimage remains unfamiliar in the archipelago as well. Besides allowing a deeper understanding of the roots of Indonesian religious history and of the spread and acceptance of Islam, rediscovering the Wali Songo may help to reintroduce a peaceful image of the Muslim world. In such a way, reactivating the tradition of Wali Songo outside of the country but also inside, may support the idea of a peaceful religion of traders, of scholars and culture lovers open and able to integrate the traditions of other cultural groups. The Wali Songo are said to be at the origin of pesantren (Muslim religious schools) and largely used local arts and culture in their teachings. In an area of Central and East Java where minority groups may tend to impose the views of a reformist not to say a rigorist Islam, the Wali Songo teachings may offer a ‘new common vehicle’, a synonym of understanding, peace and cultural respect. If the development of international pilgrimage activity would suppose the setting up of proper infrastructures, to do so, may also boost new areas of services that would definitely support regional developments in the largest archipelago of the world and in a country that, besides being laic and governed by the principles of Pancasila, is before all the country worldwide with the largest number of Muslim citizens. In a planet currently governed by globalization, the origins of the Wali Songo, which are still relevant, if discussed, would demonstrate that ideas and religions can be shared, peacefully, across the land and seas. Key Words: Walisongo; Indonesia; pilgrimage; religious tourism, territorial development Introduction The ancient history of South-East Asian countries can be approached from two sides, the Indian and the Chinese, or better still from The current paper explores the tradition of the both at the same time. Walisongo, the nine saints or nine ‘Friends of God’ th th that Islamised Java in the 15 and 16 centuries. In territories rich with spices, camphor, various Largely ignored outside Indonesia, those pilgrims essences, precious woods and even gold, large remain unfamiliar in the archipelago as well. We will Indianised kingdoms appeared starting from the 1st detail the heritage of the Walisongo and examine if it century AD in Funan (Cambodia) and between the 4th could justify the creation of international pilgrimages. century to 6th century across the Malay states and We will also question how those pilgrimages could Indonesia. affect the image of Indonesia and analyse the possible impacts at regional level. In Cambodia, Champa, the Malay Peninsula, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, and Bali), Burma and Thailand, Hindu The South East Asian Mediterranee: a and Buddhist rulers took power and developed either space for trade and cultural exchanges inland-agricultural or coastal-trading states. Their capacity to integrate animist and local beliefs explains Geographically, Indonesia, one of the largest the success of Hinduism and Buddhism (Rahman, archipelagos in the World, constitutes a natural barrier 2014) although ‘most of the population preserved the and the sole sea route between modern India and essentials of their own culture’ (Nicolas J.Krom in China. As stated by Coedes (1964:2) Coedes, 1965a:33). However: ~ 77 ~ Fournié Rediscovering the Walisongo: A Potential New Destination For International Pilgrimages Hinduism has always been and still is the Without any doubt, the diffusion of Islam is related to culture of the upper classes, but never became the development of trade routes. Muslims controlled completely that of the masses, that were most of them: in the Middle East starting in 1250 by attached to Indonesian animism and to the the Mameluke Sultanate and in South East Asia by ancestor cult (W.F. Stutterheim cited by Muslim Indians from Gujarat (Pringle, 2010). Coedes, 1965b:33). When it comes to Islamic penetration in Indonesia, the Marco Polo (Polo, et al., 1993:III, 284) confirms the picture is more blurred. During the colonial period and proselytism of the Muslim traders: the early years of the Indonesian Republic, historical … This kingdom (Ferlec), you must know is so and archaeological research, probably influenced by much frequented by the Saracen merchants that political considerations, concentrated on Hindu and they have converted the natives to the law of Buddhist heritages. The entry point of the religion and Mahomet. the process of Islamization, whether through conversion or adhesion, contact of traders with Arab, The Dawa’h obligation requires any Muslim to Persian, Gujarat traders or Chinese diplomats are still propagate and spread the religion of Mahomet. The debated. Contradictions exist between Chinese and commercial interest of Hindu and Buddhist elites ready to convert to facilitate trade; the miscibility between Marco Polo sources. Evidence of early Islamic presence remains questionable as gravestones might Islam and local beliefs, in addition to the peaceful have been imported to Indonesia. For Geertz (1960), attitude of traders probably created fruitful conditions Islam came from India. However, a Chinese origin for the dissemination of Islam across the archipelago. might not be excluded: Islamic faith is present in Besides a tombstone dated 1082 found in Leran, East Canton starting from the 7thcentury. A Muslim admiral, Java and still considered with caution by scientists, the Zheng was in command of the Chinese fleet that usually admitted first known Muslim kingdoms were interacted with Indonesia (1405-1407). Muslims were Lambeh and Pasai (Basma, a land of animism for also leading some embassies sent by the court of China Marco Polo) in which were found the tombstones of to Malayu (Sriwijaya) in 1281 (Coedes, 1965c:202) or Malik Al Shaleh (died 1292) and of his son Malik Al by the king of Samudra (North Sumatra) to China in Dahir (died 1326). Both locations are close to the 1282 (Ricklefs, 2008). entrance of the Malacca Strait. Table 1: The nine Walisongo, names, aliases, place and date of birth (Work in progress) Spiritual name Name Alias Born /In Gujarat / Turkey / Persia / Ouzbekistan ? Maulana Malik Syekh Maghribi According to J.P.Moquette (1912) and Sunan Gresik Ibrahim Kakek Bantal based on grave inscriptions origins from Kashan (Persia) Sunan Ampel Raden Rakhmat ?/1401 Raden Paku Blabangan (Banyuwangi) – East Sunan Giri Maulana Abdul Yakin Sultan Abdul Fakih Java /1442 Joko Samudra Sunan Bonang Raden Makhdum Ibrahim Surabaya/ ? Sunan Drajad Syarifuddin Raden Qosim Surabaya ?/ 1470 Sunan Kalijaga Raden Mas Said ?/1460 Sunan Kudus Ja’far Shodiq ?/? Sunan Muria Raden Umar Said ?/? Muhammad Nurrudin Sayyid Sunan Gunung Kamil Syarif Hidayatullah Pasai (North Sumatra)/1448 ??? Jati Syekh Nurullah Faletehan ~ 78 ~ International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage Volume 7(iv) 2019 Recently, researchers have identified new Acehnese religion spread across Java is even more hazardous. tombstones from the 11th century. The oldest one, dated However, tradition recalls the particular place of nine 1007 AD was found in Kuta Lubhok, Lamreh, at the saints or ‘Friends of God’ that by their actions extreme North East part of Aceh. (Suprayitno, 2011). converted a large number of Javanese: the Walisongo. However, Pr Edwards Mc Kinnon stressed during a conference in Perlak, Aceh that local legends claim In the Suma Oriental, the Portuguese sailor Tome Pires that Islam arrived during the 9th century (Center, 2012). reports that ‘the king of Java is a heathen’ (Pires, 1515a:174) and that the Vice-Roy, Guste Pate is Spread of Islam and modern politics always at sea fighting against the moors in particular from Demak sultanate. The dissemination of Islamic Three conferences on ‘The Coming of Islam to faith as represented in these reports appears far from Indonesia’ (Medan 1963, Jakarta 1982 and Aceh 1983) idyllic and peaceful: challenged the studies of European scientists from the 19th and 20th centuries: they suggest that Islam reached At a time when there were heathens
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gus Dur, As the President Is Usually Called
    Indonesia Briefing Jakarta/Brussels, 21 February 2001 INDONESIA'S PRESIDENTIAL CRISIS The Abdurrahman Wahid presidency was dealt a devastating blow by the Indonesian parliament (DPR) on 1 February 2001 when it voted 393 to 4 to begin proceedings that could end with the impeachment of the president.1 This followed the walk-out of 48 members of Abdurrahman's own National Awakening Party (PKB). Under Indonesia's presidential system, a parliamentary 'no-confidence' motion cannot bring down the government but the recent vote has begun a drawn-out process that could lead to the convening of a Special Session of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) - the body that has the constitutional authority both to elect the president and withdraw the presidential mandate. The most fundamental source of the president's political vulnerability arises from the fact that his party, PKB, won only 13 per cent of the votes in the 1999 national election and holds only 51 seats in the 500-member DPR and 58 in the 695-member MPR. The PKB is based on the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), a traditionalist Muslim organisation that had previously been led by Gus Dur, as the president is usually called. Although the NU's membership is estimated at more than 30 million, the PKB's support is drawn mainly from the rural parts of Java, especially East Java, where it was the leading party in the general election. Gus Dur's election as president occurred in somewhat fortuitous circumstances. The front-runner in the presidential race was Megawati Soekarnoputri, whose secular- nationalist Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) won 34 per cent of the votes in the general election.
    [Show full text]
  • Bab I Pendahuluan
    BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Masalah KetikabangsaIndonesiabersepakatuntukmemproklamasikankemerdeka an Indonesia pada tanggal 17 Agustus 1945, para bapak pendiribangsa (the founding father) menyadari bahwa paling tidak ada tigatantangan besar yang harus dihadapi. Tantangan yang pertama adalahmendirikan negara yang bersatu dan berdaulat. Tantangan yang keduaadalah membangun bangsa. Dan tantangan yang ketiga adalah membangunkarakter. Ketiga hal tersebut secara jelas tampak dalam konsep negarabangsa (nation-state) dan pembangunan karakter bangsa (nation andcharacter building). Pada implementasinya kemudian upaya mendirikannegara relatif lebih cepat jika dibandingkan dengan upaya untukmembangun bangsa dan karakter. Kedua hal terakhir itu terbukti harusdiupayakan terus-menerus, tidak boleh putus di sepanjang sejarah kehidupankebangsaan Indonesia. 1 Dan dalam hemat penulis, salah satu langkah untukmembangun bangsa dan karakter ialah dengan pendidikan. Banyak kalangan memberikan makna tentang pendidikan sangatberagam, bahkan sesuai dengan pandangannya masing-masing. AzyumardiAzra memberikan pengertian tentang “pendidikan” adalah merupakan suatuproses dimana suatu bangsa mempersiapkan generasi mudanya untukmenjalankan kehidupan dan untuk memenuhi tujuan hidup 1 2 secara efektif dan efisien. Bahkan ia menegaskan, bahwa pendidikan adalah suatu proses dimana suatu bangsa atau negara membina dan mengembangkan kesadaran diri diantara individu-individu.2 Di samping itu penddikan adalah suatu hal yang benar-benarditanamkan selain menempa fisik, mental, dan moral bagi individu-individu, agar mereka mejadi manusia yang berbudaya sehingga diharapkanmampu memenuhi tugasnya sebagai manusia yang diciptakan Allah TuhanSemesta Alam, sebagai makhluk yang sempurna dan terpilih sebagaikhalifah-Nya di muka bumi ini yang sekaligus menjadi warga negara 3 yangberarti dan bermanfaat bagi suatu negara. Bangkitnya dunia pendidikan yang dirintis oleh Pahlawan kita Ki HajarDewantara untuk menentang penjajah pada masa lalu, sungguh sangatberarti apabila kita cermati dengan seksama.
    [Show full text]
  • Kearifan Lokal Tahlilan-Yasinan Dalam Dua Perspektif Menurut Muhammadiyah
    KEARIFAN LOKAL TAHLILAN-YASINAN DALAM DUA PERSPEKTIF MENURUT MUHAMMADIYAH Khairani Faizah Jurusan Pekerjaan Sosial Program Pascasarjana Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan kalijaga Yogyakarta [email protected] Abstract. Tahlilan or selamatan have been rooted and become a custom in the Javanese society. Beginning of the selamatan or tahlilan is derived from the ceremony of ancestors worship of the Nusantara who are Hindus and Buddhists. Indeed tahlilan-yasinan is a form of local wisdom from the worship ceremony. The ceremony as a form of respect for people who have released a world that is set at a time like the name of tahlilan-yasinan. In the perspective of Muhammadiyah, the innocent tahlilan-yasinan with the premise that human beings have reached the points that will only get the reward for their own practice. In addition, Muhammadiyah people as well as many who do tahlilan-yasinan ritual are received tahlian-yasinan as a form of cultural expression. Therefore, this paper conveys how Muhammadiyah deal with it in two perspectives and this paper is using qualitative method. Both views are based on the interpretation of the journey of the human spirit. The human spirit, writing apart from the body, will return to God. Whether the soul can accept the submissions or not, the fact that know the provisions of a spirit other than Allah swt. All human charity can not save itself from the punishment of hell and can not put it into heaven other than by the grace of Allah swt. Keywords: Tahlilan, Bid’ah, Muhammadiyah Abstrak. Ritual tahlilan atau selamatan kematian ini sudah mengakar dan menjadi budaya pada masyarakat Jawa yang sangat berpegang teguh pada adat istiadatnya.
    [Show full text]
  • Rituals of Islamic Spirituality: a Study of Majlis Dhikr Groups
    Rituals of Islamic Spirituality A STUDY OF MAJLIS DHIKR GROUPS IN EAST JAVA Rituals of Islamic Spirituality A STUDY OF MAJLIS DHIKR GROUPS IN EAST JAVA Arif Zamhari THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY E P R E S S E P R E S S Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/islamic_citation.html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Author: Zamhari, Arif. Title: Rituals of Islamic spirituality: a study of Majlis Dhikr groups in East Java / Arif Zamhari. ISBN: 9781921666247 (pbk) 9781921666254 (pdf) Series: Islam in Southeast Asia. Notes: Includes bibliographical references. Subjects: Islam--Rituals. Islam Doctrines. Islamic sects--Indonesia--Jawa Timur. Sufism--Indonesia--Jawa Timur. Dewey Number: 297.359598 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU E Press Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2010 ANU E Press Islam in Southeast Asia Series Theses at The Australian National University are assessed by external examiners and students are expected to take into account the advice of their examiners before they submit to the University Library the final versions of their theses. For this series, this final version of the thesis has been used as the basis for publication, taking into account other changesthat the author may have decided to undertake.
    [Show full text]
  • The Influence of Hindu, Buddhist, and Chinese Culture on the Shapes of Gebyog of the Javenese Traditional Houses
    Arts and Design Studies www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-6061 (Paper) ISSN 2225-059X (Online) Vol.79, 2019 The Influence of Hindu, Buddhist, and Chinese Culture on the Shapes of Gebyog of the Javenese Traditional Houses Joko Budiwiyanto 1 Dharsono 2 Sri Hastanto 2 Titis S. Pitana 3 Abstract Gebyog is a traditional Javanese house wall made of wood with a particular pattern. The shape of Javanese houses and gebyog develop over periods of culture and government until today. The shapes of gebyog are greatly influenced by various culture, such as Hindu, Buddhist, Islamic, and Chinese. The Hindu and Buddhist influences of are evident in the shapes of the ornaments and their meanings. The Chinese influence through Islamic culture developing in the archipelago is strong, mainly in terms of the gebyog patterns, wood construction techniques, ornaments, and coloring techniques. The nuance has been felt in the era of Majapahit, Demak, Mataram and at present. The use of ganja mayangkara in Javanese houses of the Majapahit era, the use of Chinese-style gunungan ornaments at the entrance to the Sunan Giri tomb, the saka guru construction technique of Demak mosque, the Kudusnese and Jeparanese gebyog motifs, and the shape of the gebyog patangaring of the house. Keywords: Hindu-Buddhist influence, Chinese influence, the shape of gebyog , Javanese house. DOI : 10.7176/ADS/79-09 Publication date: December 31st 2019 I. INTRODUCTION Gebyog , according to the Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary, is generally construed as a wooden wall. In the context of this study, gebyog is a wooden wall in a Javanese house with a particular pattern.
    [Show full text]
  • Sistem Ekonomi Dan Dampak Sosial Di Sekitar Masjid Sunan Ampel Surabaya
    SISTEM EKONOMI DAN DAMPAK SOSIAL DI SEKITAR MASJID SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA Disusun oleh : Drs. Edy Yusuf Nur SS, MM., M.Si., M.BA. MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM FAKULTAS ILMU TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA 2017 KATA PENGANTAR Assalamualaikum. Wr. Wb. Puji syukur kami panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT atas limpahan rahmat dan hidayah-Nya. Sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan Penelitian Sistem Ekonomi dan Dampak Sosial di Sekitar Masjid Sunan Ampel Surabaya dengan baik. Penulis mengucapkan banyak terimakasih kepada pihak-pihak yang sudah membantu dalam Penelitian ini. Penulis juga menyadari bahwa Penelitian ini masih kurang dari kata sempurna Oleh karena itu, penulis senantiasa menanti kritik dan saran yang membangun dari semua pihak guna penyempurnaan Penelitian ini. Penulis berharap Penelitian ini dapat memberi apresiasi kepada para pembaca dan utamanya kepada penulis sendiri. Selain itu semoga Penelitian ini dapat memberi manfaat kepada para pembaca. Wassalamualaikum. Wr. Wb. Yogyakarta, 31 Desember 2017 Penyusun BAB I PENDAHULUAN I. LATAR BELAKANG Jawa Timur adalah sebuah provinsi di bagian timur Pulau Jawa, Indonesia dengan ibukotanya adalah Surabaya. Besar dan luas wilayah kota adalah sekitar 326.38 km2, keseluruhan seluas 47.922 km² dengan jumlah penduduk sekitar 37.070.731 jiwa. Provinsi Jawa Timur memiliki wilayah terluas di antara 6 provinsi di Pulau Jawa, dan memiliki jumlah penduduk terbanyak kedua di Indonesia setelah Jawa Barat. Jawa Timur dikenal sebagai pusat Kawasan Timur Indonesia, dan memiliki signifikansi perekonomian yang cukup tinggi, yakni berkontribusi 14,85% terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto nasional. (BPS Surabaya, 2010) Surabaya sebagai ibukota Provinsi Jawa Timur memiliki banyak bangunan serta kawasan bersejarah, yang wajib dipelihara dan dilestarikan melalui kegiatan konservasi.
    [Show full text]
  • Prophetic Social Sciences: Toward an Islamic-Based Transformative Social Sciences
    Prophetic social sciences: toward an Islamic-based transformative social sciences Pradana Boy ZTF Department of Malay Studies, National University of Singapore; and Faculty of Islamic Studies, Muhammadiyah University of Malang E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This article discusses of one of the most important type of social sciences devel- oped in Indonesian context. In the midst of debate between Western secular social sciences and Islamic social sciences, Kuntowijoyo offered a genuine yet critical formula of social sciences. The formula called Ilmu Sosial Profetik (ISP) attempted to build a bridge between secular social science and Islamic inclina- tion of social science. This article describes the position of ISP in the context of critical position of Muslim social scientists on the hegemony and domination of Orientalist tendency in studying Islam. At the end, the author offers a conclusion that ISP can actually be regarded as Islamic-based transformative science that can be further developed for a genuine indigenous theory of social sciences from the Third World. Artikel ini membahas salah satu tipe paling penting dari ilmu-ilmu sosial yang dikembangkan dalam konteks Indonesia. Di tengah perdebatan antara ilmu-ilmu sosial Barat sekuler dan ilmu social Islam, Kuntowijoyo menawarkan formula yang orisinal dan kritis dalam ilmu sosial. Formula yang kemudian disebut dengan Ilmu Sosial Profetik (ISP) berusaha untuk membangun jembatan antara ilmu 95 IJIMS, Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, Volume 1, Number 1, June 2011: 95-121 sosial sekuler dan kecenderungan untuk melakukan Islamisasi ilmu sosial. Artikel ini menjelaskan posisi ISP dalam konteks posisi kritis ilmuwan sosial Muslim pada hegemoni dan dominasi kecenderungan orientalis dalam mempelajari Islam.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding the Meaning of Wayang Kulit Performance Using Thick Description Approach
    Understanding the Meaning of Wayang Kulit Performance using Thick Description Approach Mario Nugroho Willyarto1, Krismarliyanti2 and Ulani Yunus3 1 Language Center, Primary Teacher Education Department, Faculty of Humanities, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia 11480 2Independent Writer 3 Marketing Communication Program, Communication Department, Faculty of Economics & Communication, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia 11480 Keywords: Wayang Kulit, Thick Description, Cultural Heritage Abstract: This paper described the meaning of Wayang Kulit in Javanese philosophy, a brief description of the figures represented by the puppets. Wayang is one of the cultural heritages of Java which is very deep understanding of the culture and character of the people of Indonesia. The meaning of symbols of wayang is the focus of this paper. The symbols are represented by character of Semar, Bagong, Petruk and Gareng. What is the role wayang in daily life, especially for Indonesian people, is becoming the main discussion as well. There are a lot of wayang performances that have a deep meaning of the life itself. Although there are some scholars who say that wayang is originally from India but it is not proved and, in the end, people accepted that wayang came from Java. Opinion about wayang originated from India was because the story in the puppet was adapted from the Mahabharata story originating from India. Using the concept of thick description by Clifford Geertz, the author tries to explain about the history and character of the puppet figures according to Javanese philosophy. Prominent figures such as Semar, Gareng, Petruk and Bagong were the reflection of the ideal human being depicted with an imperfect physical form.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is Indonesian Islam?
    M. Laffan, draft paper prepared for discussion at the UCLA symposium ‘Islam and Southeast Asia’, May 15 2006 What is Indonesian Islam? Michael Laffan, History Department, Princeton University* Abstract This paper is a preliminary essay thinking about the concept of an Indonesian Islam. After considering the impact of the ideas of Geertz and Benda in shaping the current contours of what is assumed to fit within this category, and how their notions were built on the principle that the region was far more multivocal in the past than the present, it turns to consider whether, prior to the existance of Indonesia, there was ever such a notion as Jawi Islam and questions what modern Indonesians make of their own Islamic history and its impact on the making of their religious subjectivities. What about Indonesian Islam? Before I begin I would like to present you with three recent statements reflecting either directly or indirectly on assumptions about Indonesian Islam. The first is the response of an Australian academic to the situation in Aceh after the 2004 tsunami, the second and third have been made of late by Indonesian scholars The traditionalist Muslims of Aceh, with their mystical, Sufistic approach to life and faith, are a world away from the fundamentalist Islamists of Saudi Arabia and some other Arab states. The Acehnese have never been particularly open to the bigoted "reformism" of radical Islamist groups linked to Saudi Arabia. … Perhaps it is for this reason that aid for Aceh has been so slow coming from wealthy Arab nations such as Saudi Arabia.1 * This, admittedly in-house, piece presented at the UCLA Colloquium on Islam and Southeast Asia: Local, National and Transnational Studies on May 15, 2006, is very much a tentative first stab in the direction I am taking in my current project on the Making of Indonesian Islam.
    [Show full text]
  • Transformation of Pesantren in Maintaining Good Character
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by INZAH Online Journal Humanistika, Volume 6, Nomor 1, Januari 2020 35 TRANSFORMATION OF PESANTREN IN MAINTAINING GOOD CHARACTER Muhammad Hifdil Islam* & Abd. Aziz** Abstract: Education is the main pillar of nation building. The success of a nation’s education is closely related to the progress achieved. Because it is a necessity, so the government and society should prioritize the overall development of the field of education. Especially education that shapes the national character of the nation. Pesantren as one of the indigenous Indonesian National Education sub-systems, has special advantages and characteristics in applying character education for their students (santri). The writing method this article is writer takes some of schoolars argument that related with the topic of this articel.“this article try to highlight the pesantren as the root of history of islamic education in Indonesia, the transformation of pesantren education system and the role of pesantren in Indonesia in maintaining the good character of student. And the result of this article show that pesantren has many types of system and it has a big role in maintaining the good character of student. Keywords: Transformation, Pesantren and Good Character * Dosen Institut Ilmu Keislaman Zainul Hasan Genggong ** Dosen Institut Ilmu Keislaman Zainul Hasan Genggong 36 Muhammad Hifdil Islam & Abd. Aziz, Transformation of Pesantren... (35-48) PRELIMINARY Islamic boarding school is an institution that is widely praised by people. This is because the pesantren has a characteristic compared to other educational institutions, especially Muslim societies in general, as well as the existence of Madrasah (Schools that is based on islamic education) in Indonesia1.
    [Show full text]
  • Embodied Encounters: Identities in Experiential, Informal Dance, and Movement in Central Java Lise Lavelle, Lund University, Sweden Contact: [email protected]
    Embodied encounters: Identities in experiential, informal dance, and movement in Central Java Lise Lavelle, Lund University, Sweden Contact: [email protected] Abstract The performance presented in this paper, entitled “Perempuan,” or “Women” in English, is the result of an intercultural meeting between three dancers, two from Java, Indonesia, and one from Denmark (me). Our performance took place in the cultural city of Solo, Central Java, during the international festival, “Ritual Art and Cultural Environment” in 1995. I first met the two Javanese dancers at the Indonesian National Arts Institute in Solo (ISI), where I was carrying out fieldwork for my PhD, centering on the Amerta Movement from Java. Amerta Movement, created by Javanese movement-instructor and performing artist Suprapto Suryodarmo (Prapto) in the 1980s, is a free, non-stylized motion based on everyday movements and on working with awareness and attitudes to life (not an ethnic dance). Amerta Movement has attracted thousands of people, especially Westerners, from all walks of life and of all ages. The practitioners study identity, self-expression, movement-vocabulary, communication, and improvised performance. The research method is practice-based/artistic research. My aim of working with the Javanese dancers for Perempuan was to apply the Amerta improvisational movement to a dance performance with professional dancers, and to exchange our dance skills. It was also based on my wish to get to know Javanese women a little better. Thus, the Perempuan dance project and dance performance became an encounter between non-form Amerta Movement, represented by me, a Westerner; and form, Javanese dance, represented by the two Javanese dancers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Islamic Traditions of Cirebon
    the islamic traditions of cirebon Ibadat and adat among javanese muslims A. G. Muhaimin Department of Anthropology Division of Society and Environment Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies July 1995 Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] Web: http://epress.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Muhaimin, Abdul Ghoffir. The Islamic traditions of Cirebon : ibadat and adat among Javanese muslims. Bibliography. ISBN 1 920942 30 0 (pbk.) ISBN 1 920942 31 9 (online) 1. Islam - Indonesia - Cirebon - Rituals. 2. Muslims - Indonesia - Cirebon. 3. Rites and ceremonies - Indonesia - Cirebon. I. Title. 297.5095982 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design by Teresa Prowse Printed by University Printing Services, ANU This edition © 2006 ANU E Press the islamic traditions of cirebon Ibadat and adat among javanese muslims Islam in Southeast Asia Series Theses at The Australian National University are assessed by external examiners and students are expected to take into account the advice of their examiners before they submit to the University Library the final versions of their theses. For this series, this final version of the thesis has been used as the basis for publication, taking into account other changes that the author may have decided to undertake. In some cases, a few minor editorial revisions have made to the work. The acknowledgements in each of these publications provide information on the supervisors of the thesis and those who contributed to its development.
    [Show full text]