DOCSLIB.ORG

PACIFIC REGIONAL NAVIGATION INITIATIVE SAMOA Hydrographic

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PACIFIC REGIONAL NAVIGATION INITIATIVE SAMOA Hydrographic Hydrographic Authority PACIFIC REGIONAL NAVIGATION INITIATIVE SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment Annexes Report Number: RNALZ17001_C Version: 1.1 Date: 17 September 2017 SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment _________________________________________________________________________________________ Supported by the New Zealand Aid Programme PACIFIC REGIONAL NAVIGATION INITIATIVE SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment Annexes A joint production by: Land Information New Zealand Level 7 Radio New Zealand House 155 The Terrace Wellington NEW ZEALAND and Rod Nairn & Associates Pty Ltd Hydrographic and Maritime Consultants ABN 50 163 730 58 42 Tamarind Drive Cordeaux Heights NSW AUSTRALIA Authors: Rod Nairn, Michael Beard, Stuart Caie, Ian Harrison, James O’Brien Disclaimer: The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the New Zealand Government. Satellite AIS data under licence from ORBCOM (augmented by IHS Global Pte Ltd) ii Rod Nairn and Associates Pty Ltd Hydrographic and Maritime Consultants SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment _________________________________________________________________________________________ SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment Annexes A. Event Trees B. GIS Track Creation and Processing C. Traffic Risk Calculation D. Likelihood and Consequence Factors E. Hydrographic Risk Factor Weighting Matrices F. Hydrographic Risk Calculations G. Benefits of Hydrographic Surveys to SAMOA H. List of Consultations References RNA 20170916_C_V1.1 iii SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment _________________________________________________________________________________________ This page intentionally blank RNA 20170916_C_V1.1 iv SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment _______________________________________________________________________________________ ANNEX A - Event Trees 1. Event trees were used to determine the most likely and worst credible impacts of defined unwanted navigation events. For consistency and commonality across the South West Pacific hydrographic risk assessment area, the event trees in this Annex are based on the generic event trees in the Risk Assessment Methodology1 and those used in the Cook Islands2 and Tonga3 and Niue4. 2. Samoa has substantial domestic traffic due to the frequent inter-island passenger/vehicle ferry service from Mulifanua to Salelologa and regular cargo/fuel journeys from Apia to Salelologa. This category represents the highest likelihood of incident due to the frequency of passages and the constrained navigation at the terminal ports. 3. Recreational vessels present a different type of risk in that this class of vessel is more likely to navigate into poorly charted waters in remote areas and therefore do present a risk, though consequence is limited to personnel casualties. Accordingly, an event tree that covers the grounding of recreational vessels has been included. 3. The event trees were used to confirm the veracity of the weightings of the risk consequence factors employed in the overall risk calculations and to estimate consequential costs of incidents in the cost benefit analysis (described in Section 8 of the main report). 1 (Marico Marine Report No. 15NZ322 Issue 03, 5 August 2015) 2 (Marico Marine Report No. 14NZ262MR Issue 02, 20 January 2015) 3 (Marico Marine Report No. 14NZ262 – TM, Issue 1, 27 November 2014) 4 (RNAPL16002 - NIUE Hydrographic Risk Assessment, 2016, p. Annex A) RNA 20170916_C_V1.1 Page A-1 SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ANNEX A - Event Trees Marine Accident Grounding Foundering Collision Recreational Vessel SOLAS Dry Cargo SOLAS Liquid Bulk SOLAS Passenger Most Likely Scenario Worst Credible Scenario Vessel grounds at night or in bad weather on Vessel breaks mooring weather side of island and is washed ashore on and breaks up to reef. Most likely Worst Credible consequence impacts consequence impacts Environment Property Economic/Stakeholder Stakeholder/Economic People Possible loss of 100 Vessel suffers some Search and rescue Environment People litres diesel fuel. hull and propellor Property efforts by Samoa. Cost of repairs by Minor physical damage. Can be Minor disruption to Minor physical boatowner. damage to reef, refloated and Possibly 2 fatalities Vessel a total loss. fishing. Diesel spill damage to reef in debris field along repaired at Apia with Minor local disruption and serious injury insignificant but Nil or minor injuries vicinity of grounding. coast minor impact local and shipped to tourists and temporary disruption to on fishing and equipment Possible spillage of subsistence fishing. tourism 100 litres diesel. foreshore. RNA 20170916_C_V1.1 A-2 SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ANNEX A - Event Trees Marine Accident Grounding Foundering Collision Recreational Vessel SOLAS Dry Cargo SOLAS Liquid Bulk SOLAS Passenger Worst Credible Scenario Most Likely Scenario Vessel grounds at high Vessel grounds at low speed on fringing reef due speed while cyclone, poor manoeuvring entering weather/visibility, Apia, through navigation equipment or equipment failure, engine failure. Salvage tug human error. and international cleanup effort required Most likely Worst Credible consequence impacts consequence impacts People Economic/Stakeholder Stakeholder/Economic Property Environment People Environment Property Loss of national tourism Possible loss of 300 income, damage to Vessel suffers minor Possible release of 1 Possible failure of tonnes MFO bunkers. local reef and fish damage on coastal Serious hull and tonne MFO. Minor planned cargo Possibility of injuries stocks and breeding reef. Vessel able to structural damage, Massive damage to physical damage to exchange will have or fatalities areas. Interruption to clear reef under own requires salvage and reef, breeding reef ivo grounding. minimal impact. particularly if ship subsistence fishing. power. drydocking or may be grounds, and tourist No injuries Local pollution Schedule of island re- strands and is provisioning disrupted a total loss. sites. International media impact on abandoned interest. subsistence fishing Some impact on and tourist sites. tourism. RNA 20170916_C_V1.1 A-3 SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ANNEX A - Event Trees Marine Accident Grounding Foundering Collision Recreational Vessel SOLAS Dry Cargo SOLAS Liquid Bulk SOLAS Passenger Most Likely Scenario Worst Credible Scenario Cyclone avoidance - vessel navigates to sea Vessel encounters to avoid and remain cyclone and is unable to clear of dangerous navigate to safety, cargo semicircle. shifts and vessel becomes unstable - lists Experiences heavy and sinks. weather Most likely Worst Credible consequence impacts consequence impacts Economic/Stakeholder Environment Stakeholder/Economic Disruption to Property Environment Vessel sinks in deep People People import/export cycle, Property water. All fuel leaks loss of cargo created Vessel suffers storm Cargo lost overboard Schedule delay in cargo to sea slowly and Possibility of crew may present danger Possibility of entire temporary difficulty. damage, possible loss exchange may impact Total loss of vessel dissipates. Oil slick injury with shifting to navigation and Samoa. crew being lost (20 on exposed shores to Loss of national tourism cargo of containers or and cargo damage to cargo. may wash up ashore persons) leeward. Deck cargo income as pollution on exposed coasts. Some cargo may be impact on tourist sites. lost or damaged. breaks free and some buoyant items cause International press navigation hazard or interest wash ashore RNA 20170916_C_V1.1 A-4 SAMOA Hydrographic Risk Assessment _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ANNEX A - Event Trees Marine Accident Grounding Foundering Collision Recreational Vessel SOLAS Dry Cargo SOLAS Liquid Bulk SOLAS Passenger Worst Credible Scenario Most Likely Scenario T-bone collision. Glancing collisiion in Extensive damage to open sea, with plate both vessels above and indentation and some below waterline but splitting above the neither vessel sinks. waterline requiring in Cargo tank ruptured and water repairs possibility of fire/explosion. Most likely Worst Credible consequence impacts consequence impacts Environment Economic/Stakeholder Property Environment Property People Stakeholder/Economic People Possible loss of 300 Loss of national tourism tonnes HFO. Oil slick income, damage to could impact on Vessel suffers Nil impact to Samoa local reef and fish Samoan coast. Long damage requiring stocks and breeding Both vessels require term damage to repairs alongside - areas. Interruption to Serious injuries and 1 repair in dry dock. biological sensitive slow transit to port Some international subsistence fishing. Minor injuries media interest fatality One vessel requires areas and fish of repair tow to repair port International media
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Faleata East - Upolu
    Community Integrated Management Plan Faleata East - Upolu Implementation Guidelines 2018 COMMUNITY INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES Foreword It is with great pleasure that I present the new Community Integrated Management (CIM) Plans, formerly known as Coastal Infrastructure Management (CIM) Plans. The revised CIM Plans recognizes the change in approach since the first set of fifteen CIM Plans were developed from 2002-2003 under the World Bank funded Infrastructure Asset Management Project (IAMP) , and from 2004-2007 for the remaining 26 districts, under the Samoa Infrastructure Asset Management (SIAM) Project. With a broader geographic scope well beyond the coastal environment, the revised CIM Plans now cover all areas from the ridge-to-reef, and includes the thematic areas of not only infrastructure, but also the environment and biological resources, as well as livelihood sources and governance. The CIM Strategy, from which the CIM Plans were derived from, was revised in August 2015 to reflect the new expanded approach and it emphasizes the whole of government approach for planning and implementation, taking into consideration an integrated ecosystem based adaptation approach and the ridge to reef concept. The timeframe for implementation and review has also expanded from five years to ten years as most of the solutions proposed in the CIM Plan may take several years to realize. The CIM Plans is envisaged as the blueprint for climate change interventions across all development sectors – reflecting the programmatic approach to climate resilience adaptation taken by the Government of Samoa. The proposed interventions outlined in the CIM Plans are also linked to the Strategy for the Development of Samoa 2016/17 – 2019/20 and the relevant ministry sector plans.
    [Show full text]
  • Enhancing Safety, Security and Sustainability of Apia Port: Due
    Due Diligence Report Project Number: 47358-002 May 2019 SAM: Enhancing Safety, Security and Sustainability of Apia Port Project (Grant xxxx) Prepared by the Samoa Ports Authority for the Asian Development Bank. This due diligence report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgements as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Enhancing Safety, Security and Sustainability of Apia Port – Social and Poverty Assessment Report CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 4 April 2016) Tala – Samoan Tala (SAT) = $1.00 = ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank AUA - Apia Urban Area DDR - Due Diligence Report EA - Executing Agency EMP - Environmental Management Plan EPA - Environmental Protection Agency GOS - Government of the Samoa GRM - Grievance Redress Mechanism HIES - Household Income and Expenditures Survey IA - Implementing Agency IP - Indigenous People IR - Involuntary Resettlement MNRE - Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment MOF - Ministry of Finance MOR - Ministry of Revenue PIC - Pacific Island Countries PUMA - Planning and Urban Management Authority RP - Resettlement Plan SPA - Samoa Ports Authority
    [Show full text]
  • O Tiafau O Le Malae O Le Fa'autugatagi a Samoa
    O TIAFAU O LE MALAE O LE FA’AUTUGATAGI A SAMOA: A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF THE LAND AND TITLES COURT’S DECISIONS OVER CUSTOMARY LAND AND FAMILY TITLES by Telea Kamu Tapuai Potogi A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts Copyright © 2014 by Telea Kamu Tapuai Potogi School of Social Sciences Faculty of Arts, Law & Education The University of the South Pacific August 2014 DECLARATION I, Telea Kamu Tapuai Potogi, declare that this thesis is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published, or substantially overlapping with material submitted for the award of any other degree at any institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the text. Signature……………………………………………..Date…………………………….. Name …………………………………………………………………………………... Student ID No. ………………………………………………………………………… The research in this thesis was performed under my supervision and to my knowledge is the sole work of Mr. Telea Kamu Tapuai Potogi. Signature……………………………………………..Date…………………………….. Name …………………………………………………………………………………... Designation ……….…………………………………………………………………… Upu Tomua Le Atua Silisili ese, fa’afetai ua e apelepelea i matou i ou aao alofa, ua le afea i matou e se atua folau o le ala. O le fa’afetai o le fiafia aua ua gase le tausaga, ua mou atu fo’i peau lagavale ma atua folau sa lamatia le faigamalaga. O lenei ua tini pao le uto pei o le faiva i vai. Mua ia mua o ma fa’asao i le Atua o le Mataisau o le poto ma le atamai. O Lona agalelei, o le alofa le fa’atuaoia ma le pule fa’asoasoa ua mafai ai ona taulau o lenei fa’amoemoe.
    [Show full text]
  • 47320-001: Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence Report
    Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence Report July 2015 Proposed Grant Samoa: Submarine Cable Project This Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or Staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Proposed Grant Samoa: Samoa Submarine Cable Project DUE DILIGENCE REPORT ON INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT- Fagali’i and Tuasivi Villages, Samoa 8 June 2015 I. Introduction 1. This due diligence report (DDR) on involuntary resettlement describes: Brief project background; Component activities; Current status of land ownership or use; and Identification of land requirement for sub-project components and potential issues. II. Background and Objectives 2. The Government of the Independent State of Samoa (the government) has requested the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the World Bank (WB) to support market development and core infrastructure investments aimed at improving access to information and communications technology (ICT). A key component of this support is the planned investment in a submarine cable system (SCS) to connect Samoa to regional/global communications infrastructure. 3. The objective of the Samoa Submarine
    [Show full text]
  • Savai'i Volcano
    A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist A Visitor's Field Guide to Savai’i Touring Savai'i with a Geologist Warren Jopling Page 1 A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist ABOUT THE AUTHOR AND THIS ARTICLE Tuapou Warren Jopling is an Australian geologist who retired to Savai'i to grow coffee after a career in oil exploration in Australia, Canada, Brazil and Indonesia. Travels through Central America, the Andes and Iceland followed by 17 years in Indonesia gave him a good understanding of volcanology, a boon to later educational tourism when explaining Savai'i to overseas visitors and student groups. His 2014 report on Samoa's Geological History was published in booklet form by the Samoa Tourism Authority as a Visitor's Guide - a guide summarising the main geological events that built the islands but with little coverage of individual natural attractions. This present article is an abridgement of the 2014 report and focuses on Savai'i. It is in three sections; an explanation of plate movement and hotspot activity for visitors unfamiliar with plate tectonics; a brief summary of Savai'i's geological history then an island tour with some geologic input when describing the main sites. It is for nature lovers who would appreciate some background to sightseeing. Page 1 A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist The Pacific Plate, The Samoan Hotspot, The Samoan Archipelago The Pacific Plate, the largest of the Earth's 16 major plates, is born along the East Pacific Rise.
    [Show full text]
  • Vailima Letters
    Vailima Letters Robert Louis Stevenson Project Gutenberg's Etext of Vailima Letters, by R. L. Stevenson #15 in our series by Robert Louis Stevenson Copyright laws are changing all over the world, be sure to check the copyright laws for your country before posting these files! Please take a look at the important information in this header. We encourage you to keep this file on your own disk, keeping an electronic path open for the next readers. Do not remove this. **Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts** **Etexts Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971** *These Etexts Prepared By Hundreds of Volunteers and Donations* Information on contacting Project Gutenberg to get Etexts, and further information is included below. We need your donations. Vailima Letters by Robert Louis Stevenson January, 1996 [Etext #387] Project Gutenberg's Etext of Vailima Letters, by R. L. Stevenson *****This file should be named valma10.txt or valma10.zip****** Corrected EDITIONS of our etexts get a new NUMBER, valma11.txt. VERSIONS based on separate sources get new LETTER, valma10a.txt. We are now trying to release all our books one month in advance of the official release dates, for time for better editing. Please note: neither this list nor its contents are final till midnight of the last day of the month of any such announcement. The official release date of all Project Gutenberg Etexts is at Midnight, Central Time, of the last day of the stated month. A preliminary version may often be posted for suggestion, comment and editing by those who wish to do so.
    [Show full text]
  • Western Samoa Mangrove Fish Survey
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Horizon / Pleins textes RAPPORTS DE MISSIONS SCIENCES DE LA MER BIOLOGIE MARINE 1993 Western Samoa mangrove fish survey Poissons de mangrove des Samoa Occidentales Mission d'expertise du 25/11/1992 au 05/12/1992 Rapport final Pierre THOLLOT Document de travail l'lNSTmJT FRANCAIS DE RECHERCHE SCIENTFûlJE ~il POUR LE DEVELoPPEMENT EN COOPERATION ~ CENTRE DE NOUMÉA RAPPORTS DE MISSIONS SCIENCES DE LA MER BIOLOGIE MARINE 1993 Western Samoa mangrove fish survey Poissons de mangrove des Samoa Occidentales Mission d'expertise du 25/11/1992 au 0511211992 Rapport final Pierre THOLLOT " ..... " .. ",..",.", . ," ~- -: - ~; - <:; ~" ...•. L'lNSTnUf FRANCAIS DE REŒfERCI-E SClENTlFOJE POUR LE DEVELOPPEMENT EN COOPERATION CENTRE DE NOUMÉA © ORSTOM, Nouméa, 1993 rrhollot, P. Western Samoa mangrove fish survey. Poissons de mangrove des Samoa OCcidentales Mission d'expertise du 25/1111992 au 05/1211992 Rapport final Nouméa: ORSTOM. septembre1993. 28 p. missions. : Sci. mer: Biot. Mar. ; 23 036MILMAR ; 034BIOVER01 ICHTYOLOGIE; MANGROVE; INVENTAIRE FAUNISTIQUE ; COMMUNAUTE DE POISSON; MILIEU MENACE; POISSON MARIN; MILIEU L1TIORAL; METHODE D'ECHANTILLONAGE; ETUDE CONPARATIVE ISAMOA OCCIDENTAL Imprimé par le Centre ORSTOM Seplembre1993 ~~RSTO" lIoum'. lt:I REPROGRAPHIE -Western Samoa Mangrove Fish Survey - Final Report- SUMMARY EXECU11VE SUMMARy 2 roREWORD 3 BACK.GROlJND 3 MAIN GOALS 3 PRESEN'I'ATION OF TlŒ S11IDY AREA 4 MA1'ERIAL AND ~ODS 6 Survey cœnpletion 6 Sampling equipment '" , 7 Sampling stations '" 7 Biological data 8 RESlJLTS AND DISœSSION 9 Preliminary checklist of the mangrove fish fauna 9 Comparison of Sa'anapu-Sataoa and Vaiusu Bay sampling statïons l0 Comparison of the sampling methods 11 Biological data 13 TllE()REIlCAL ADVICE 13 CONO-USION : 14 REFER.EN'CES 15 APPENDIX 1 17 APPENDIX fi 22 APPENDIX m 25 APPENDIX IV 28 - 1- • Pierre THOU.OT .
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnographic Assessment and Overview National Park of American Samoa
    PACIFIC COOPERATIVE STUDIES UNIT UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI`I AT MĀNOA Dr. David C. Duffy, Unit Leader Department of Botany 3190 Maile Way, St. John #408 Honolulu, Hawai’i 96822 Technical Report 152 ETHNOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT AND OVERVIEW NATIONAL PARK OF AMERICAN SAMOA November 2006 Jocelyn Linnekin1, Terry Hunt, Leslie Lang and Timothy McCormick 1 Email: [email protected]. Department of Anthropology, University of Connecticut Beach Hall Room 445, U-2176 354 Mansfield Road Storrs, Connecticut 06269-2176 Ethnographic Assessment and Overview The National Park of American Samoa Table of Contents List of Tables and Figures iii List of Slides v Preface: Study Issues vi Maps vii Key to Maps x I. The Environmental Context 1 Climate and Vegetation 1 The National Park Environments 4 II. Archaeology and Samoan Prehistory 8 Early Settlement 8 Later Inland Settlement 9 Late Prehistoric Period 9 European Contact and the Historical Period 10 Archaeology in the National Park Units 10 III. Research Methodology 15 Documentary Phase 15 Field Research 15 Limitations of the Research 17 IV. Ethnohistory 22 Myths and Legends Relevant to the Park 22 The European Contact Period 25 Western Ethnohistorical and Ethnographic Reports 31 V. Agriculture and Domestically Useful Plants 46 Tutuila Unit 46 Ta'u Unit 49 Ofu Unit 51 Summary 52 VI. Marine Resources 53 Tutuila Unit 53 Ta'u Unit 57 Ofu Unit 58 Summary 61 i VII. Medicinal Plants 63 Ofu Unit 63 Ta'u Unit 66 Tutuila Unit 66 Summary 67 VIII. Analysis of Freelist Data 75 Crops and Cultivated Plants 76 Medicinal Plants 81 Fish and Marine Species 84 Animals and Birds 86 Summary of the Freelist Results 88 IX.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 CENSUS Brief No.1
    P O BOX 1151 TELEPHONE: (685)62000/21373 LEVEL 1 & 2 FMFM II, Matagialalua FAX No: (685)24675 GOVERNMENT BUILDING Email: [email protected] APIA Website: www.sbs.gov.ws SAMOA 2016 CENSUS Brief No.1 Revised version Population Snapshot and Household Highlights 30th October 2017 1 | P a g e Foreword This publication is the first of a series of Census 2016 Brief reports to be published from the dataset version 1, of the Population and Housing Census, 2016. It provides a snapshot of the information collected from the Population Questionnaire and some highlights of the Housing Questionnaire. It also provides the final count of the population of Samoa in November 7th 2016 by statistical regions, political districts and villages. Over the past censuses, the Samoa Bureau of Statistics has compiled a standard analytical report that users and mainly students find it complex and too technical for their purposes. We have changed our approach in the 2016 census by compiling smaller reports (Census Brief reports) to be released on a quarterly basis with emphasis on different areas of Samoa’s development as well as demands from users. In doing that, we look forward to working more collaboratively with our stakeholders and technical partners in compiling relevant, focused and more user friendly statistical brief reports for planning, policy-making and program interventions. At the same time, the Bureau is giving the public the opportunity to select their own data of interest from the census database for printing rather than the Bureau printing numerous tabulations which mostly remain unused.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Samoa
    POPs Assessment for Samoa Executive Summary Samoa signed the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in 2001 as part of its national and international commitment to the reduction and elimination of persistent organic and toxic substances. Since signing the Convention, Samoa has received an Enabling Activity Funding from the Global Environment Facility to facilitate the development of its National Implementation Plan (NIP) for POPs. Part of the activities for the development of the NIP includes conducting a National Assessment of POPs produced, imported, used and disposed in Samoa. Furthermore, the National Assessment is to identify the priority chemicals and set objectives for the development of the NIP. From the various studies undertaken on POPs in Samoa, it has been identified that eight of the 12 POPs chemicals identified in the Convention are either produced or imported into the country. Of the eight chemicals, three are pesticides (aldrin, dieldrin, and DDT) used as insecticides for taro and banana plantations and chlordane and heptachlor are used as termiticides in homes. One industrial chemical (PCB) was imported as part of electric transformers while two chemicals (dioxins and furans) are produced and released unintentionally from incomplete combustion. An additionally six POPs and persistent toxic substances (TBT, TPH/PAH, lindane, and CCA/PCP) are also present in Samoa. Of all the chemicals currently present in Samoa only dioxin and furans are still being released from unintentional production while the rest are either non-consented for import or alternatives have been found. All the pesticides and industrial chemicals are no longer imported, with the last known stockpiles disposed by the Agricultural Store in the mid 1990s.
    [Show full text]
  • Samatau Reserve Reassessment
    Project Title: Strengthen the Management and Monitoring of Samoa’s Community- Based Marine Management and MPAs Network Grantee Name: Government of Samoa Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Award Number: NA11NOS4820010 Award Period: 10/01/2011 - 06/30/2013 FINAL REPORT 0 Contents Progress Report………………………………………………………………………………….……page 2 Appendix 1: 2 Samoa’s General Meeting Nov. 2011……………………………………page 9 Appendix 2: Two Samoa’s Strategic Plan – unsigned……………………………..….page 15 Appendix 3a: Communities Exchange Agenda………………………………..…………page 28 Appendix 3b: Cabinet Report (Samoan)……………………………………………………page 31 Appendix 4: Community-based Fisheries Management Program Poster…….page 34 Appendix 4: Live Coral Poster……………………………………………………………….….page 34 Appendix 5: Pictures of Floats and Signboards……………………………………….….page 35 Appendix 6: Ecological Assessments conducted at data less sites………….……page 38 1 A. Background 1. The project was identified as an important boost to the onward movement of the 2 Samoas Environmental Initiative. The Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (MAF) and the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (MNRE) who are the main counterparts in the Samoan Government developed this proposal as an initial implementation on some of the needed activities in which Samoa needs to be effective in the collaboration with American Samoa. 2. The project proposal targeted the NOAAs Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program Fiscal Year 2011 Federal Funding Opportunity–International Coral Reef Conservation Cooperative Agreements with relative Objective
    [Show full text]
  • Samoa, 2017/2018
    DENGUE SEROTYPE 2 OUTBREAK IN SAMOA, 2017/2018. Ministry of Health SITREP nO.9 18th March 2018 Outbreak overview. The situational analysis of the dengue fever outbreak in Samoa as shown in the graph below portrays a continual decrease in the number of cases over the past 10 weeks. The cumulative total as of March 18th is 3,255 with a national attack rate of 16.6 per 1,000 population. Dengue fever continues to spread geographically mostly in the Apia Urban and North West Upolu regions. Majority of those af- fected are 5 - 9 year olds which makes up 31% of the total cases. There has not been any dengue related deaths reported hence the total dengue-related mortality remains at 5. Dengue case definition: An acute fever with any two of the following signs and symptoms: joint & muscle pains; maculo- pappular rash; severe headaches; nausea & vomiting; pains behind the eyes; bleeding and leucopenia. Time: dengue epi-curve Person: age group & sex Sex No of Cases % Female 1570 48% Male 1685 52% Total 3255 100% Control measures continues... SOURCE REDUCTION remains highly recommended for control of mosquito breeding sites during this rainy season. Other usual prevention methods to avoid illness is also advised. An integrated response has seen communities and organizations work with MOH to use chemical spraying in their respective locations. MOH Samoa continues to advocate and implement control measures for mosquito–borne diseases. Grassroots groups involved in vector control are mobilizing the affected communities to actively participate in source reduction and clean-up campaigns. Vector surveillance and control efforts continue.
    [Show full text]