Rift Valley Fever Virus (Bunyaviridae: Phlebovirus): an Update on Pathogenesis, Molecular Epidemiology, Vectors, Diagnostics and Prevention
Vet. Res. (2010) 41:61 www.vetres.org DOI: 10.1051/vetres/2010033 Ó INRA, EDP Sciences, 2010 Review article Rift Valley fever virus (Bunyaviridae: Phlebovirus): an update on pathogenesis, molecular epidemiology, vectors, diagnostics and prevention 1,2 3 4 5 Michel PEPIN *, Miche`le BOULOY , Brian H. BIRD , Alan KEMP , 5 Janusz PAWESKA 1 AFSSA site de Lyon, 31 avenue Tony Garnier, F-69364 Lyon Cedex 7, France 2 VETAGRO SUP, Campus Ve´te´rinaire de Lyon, 1 avenue Bourgelat, F-69280 Marcy L’Etoile, France 3 Institut Pasteur, Unite´deGe´ne´tique Mole´culaire des Bunyavirus, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex, France 4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Mailstop G-14 SB, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA 5 Special Pathogens Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Private Bag X4, Sandrigham 2131, Republic of South Africa (Received 5 February 2010; accepted 21 May 2010) Abstract – Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus is an arbovirus in the Bunyaviridae family that, from phylogenetic analysis, appears to have first emerged in the mid-19th century and was only identified at the begininning of the 1930s in the Rift Valley region of Kenya. Despite being an arbovirus with a relatively simple but temporally and geographically stable genome, this zoonotic virus has already demonstrated a real capacity for emerging in new territories, as exemplified by the outbreaks in Egypt (1977), Western Africa (1988) and the Arabian Peninsula (2000), or for re-emerging after long periods of silence as observed very recently in Kenya and South Africa.
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