GOVERNORATE PROFILE OVERVIEW2 MAY 2015 2,213 IDP families 3% 1,413 IDP families DISPLACEMENT OVER TIME 79,344 IDP families 2% IDP families hosted in the governorate2 79,344 7,477 IDP families 79 IDP families IDP families who originate from the gover- IDP camps 9% less than 1% norate 476,064 IDP individuals total population: 2,796 individuals1 4,948 IDP families planned: 4,230 individuals 6% 58,778 of all idps are under 59,467 35% IDP population 5,777 IDP families 14 density 7% 51,996 62,382 (2%) of all IDP 2,442 IDP families 21,090 IDP families individuals across raq Nabi Sheit 3% I 27% 26,686 IDP families originate from Baghdad 34% Kadhra’a Al-Nabi Younis

Al-Jamea;a 25,992 22,417 GOVERNORATE OF ORIGIN 18,437 22,391 21,241 11% 9,433 16,855 3,152 2,893 IDPs 3,617 all in I 7,219 IDP families 10,359 10,380 3,407 10% f ra 1,586 o q 9% 1,717 1,188 % 921 957 992 2,464 1% 6 659 5% 1 - - - 9% 62% 2% 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 15 14 15 14 14 14 15 15 ------Jul Jan Jun Oct Apr Apr Sep Feb Dec Aug Nov Mar Mar May May 99% Anbar Babylon Baghdad MOST COMMON SHELTER TYPES Diyala Ninewa INTENTIONS Salah al-Din WAVES OF DISPLACEMENT 3% 87% 8% Grand Total 1% 100% Thawra2 100% 9% Thawra1 100% 20% Mahmoudiya 100% Host Families Rented Informal settle- Mada'in 100% 46% housing 40% ments 10% 99% 1% Kadhimia 100% 54% 13% Al Resafa 100% TOP PRIORITY NEEDS Adhamia 100% 1% 99% 1 2 3 4 5 13% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 90% Locally integrate in current location Resettle in a third location 1- Pre-June14 2- June-July14 Access Shelter NFIs Health Education Return to place of origin Waiting on one or several factors to work 3- August14 4- Post September14

1. Iraq - CCCM Camps status report, May 2015. Camp sites nased on REACH report: IDP and refugee camp locations as of 28 April 2015. 2. IDP families who displaced to and within the governorate. 3. All information, unless otherwise specified, in this report is from IOM’s Displacement rackingT Matrix (DTM) from 7 May 2015 and from field reports of the Rapid Assessment and Response Teams. For more information on the DTM, visit: http://iomiraq.net/dtm-page 1 IOM Iraq Governorate profile: Baghdad, May 2015 1. IDPs by governorate of origin DISPLACEMENT TRENDS District of Governorate of origin displacement Due to close proximity to the conflict affected areas and Anbar Bab- Bagh- Diyala Kirkuk Ninewa Salah Total cheaper cost of housing rent in comparison to Iraqi Kurd- ylon dad al-Din OVERVIEW istan, Baghdad has been pulling IDPs from within Iraq since Abu Ghraib 18.485 2.508 13 12 72 21,090 With 7,145,4704 individuals, Baghdad is the the onset of the latest conflict in December 2013. Displace- 9, most populous governorate in the country, ment started before June with 96,738 IDP individuals, the Adhamia 2.595 281 1,220 133 1,352 1,896 7,477 which also holds one of the largest share of vast majority of whom displaced from Anbar and found Al Resafa 1.293 11 743 47 2,724 959 5,777 Iraqi IDPs,5 totalling over 476,000 persons. save haven in After AGs seized control of and , in early June Kadhimia 2.923 2 46 144 65 425 1,343 4,948 Strategic location in the centre of Iraq, to- and violence began to spread throughout the governorates, Karkh 19.965 217 1,250 554 11 1,342 3,347 26,686 gether with political importance of the coun- displacement began from Salah al-Din, Ninewa, Anbar Mada'in 140 18 22 523 45 1,391 303 2,442 try’s capital combined to the fact that over and within Baghdad, totalling 61,794 individuals. Most of the past decade this governorate received whom headed to Karkh(36%), Mada’in (16%) and Adhamia Mahmoudiya 2.702 1,566 2,662 164 125 7,219 multiple waves of IDPs. (14%) districts. Tarmia 1.359 107 747 2,213 In result, Baghdad held over a third of the es- After August, in result of the offensive and spate of timated 1,6 million IDPs displaced in the af- security incidents, a total number of 317,532 persons were Thawra1 48 21 10 79 termath of the 2006 bombings.6 driven to , 60% of whom originate Moreover, Thawra 1 and 2 which make up from Anbar. Abu Ghraib and Karkh received the largest Thawra2 19 325 156 709 204 1,413 , the poorest area in Baghdad used share of those who displaced back then, 29% and 30% re- Total 49.481 1,803 6,780 3,677 621 7,976 9,006 79,344 to be a stronghold for Al Mehdi Army which spectively. IDPs who were driven from Anbar often go back fought against American forces following the to their areas of origin to check status of their properties or they rerurn, because they don’t feel safe in the place of displacement. In general, American Intervention. Baghdad governorate pulled IDPs mostly of Arab and Turkmen origins, which corresponds with ethno-religious make-up of the governorate. Currently, since the start of the recent con- 62,382 IDPs across Iraq originate in Baghdad, 65% of whom displaced internally within the governorate. This is related to unstable security sit- flict in late 2013, IDPs continue to flowto uation and increasing costs of living. The part of remainder fled to (17%) and Anbar governorates (9%). Those who fled to Anbar Baghdad and settle mostly in Karkh, Abu settled mostly in Heet district. Ghraib and Mahmoudiya districts, which are WAVES OF DISPLACEMENT IN 2014 situated near and Falluja - the areas affected the most by ongoing violence. JUNE-JULY The security situation remains unstable due PRE JUNE 61,794 IDP individuals POST AUGUST to the activity of various militias and spread 96,738 IDP individu- (10,299 families) 317,532 IDP individu- displaced, families of kidnappings for ransom.7 In result, over als (16,123 families), als (52,922 families) displaced, inter alia, displaced, 60% of 62,000 individuals displaced from and within 96% of whom dis- placed from Anbar from: Ninewa(35%),Sa- whom displaced from Baghdad. lah al-Din(21%),An- Anbar and 13% from With intensifying fights between armed bar(17%) Salah al-Din groups (AGs) and Iraqi Security Forces (ISF), more IDPs are brought to the governorate. The influx of whom place additional strain on 2014 BAGHDAD 2015 the basic services including electricity and IRAQ water. ANBAR CRISIS9 MOSUL CRISIS THE SINJAR OFFENSIVE Reportedly, both, host community and IDPs live in continuous fear that violence ravag- In January clashes broke June 10, IS seized control of As IS continued persecuting ing Anbar in result of the Ramadi crisis might out in Ramadi, after the Ira- Mosul. Terrorists issued a Ninewa minorities, in August spread in Baghdad.8 qi army stormed a protest statement that Iraqi Chris- a vast population of Kurd- camp suspected of shelter- tians must ”convert, pay ish Yazidis sought refuge in ing insurgents. 94,927 fam- taxes, or be killled”. 117,284 the nearby Sinjar mountain. ilies displaced. families displaced. 277,626 families displaced.

4. Figures don›t include IDPs and Syrian refugees population and are based on Gol COSIT (2007); 7. RARTs monthly narrative reports, May 2015 5. IDPs and returnees are generally categorized in three different groups: those displaced prior to 2006 due to circumstances such asthe first and 8. RARTs monthly narrative reports, May 2015; second Gulf Wars, policies of the former regime, and environmental issues; those displaced after the dramatic rise in sectarian conflict between 2006- 9. Number of individuals is counted by multiplying number of families by 6, that is an average size of an Iraqi family.; 2008; and those who were displaced in late 2013 until present due to the armed group offensives that affected Iraq and Syria. 10. Ongoing displacement, IOM 2014 2 6.. Baghdad Governorate Profile, JAPU May 2015 IOM Iraq Governorate profile: Baghdad, May 2015

After the Sinjar offensive, a US-led coalition launched Operation Inherent Re- solve, targeting AG facilities in Iraq and Syria. In Iraq, the combination of increased 1. Intentions by district INTENTIONS 1% airstrikes and increased AG military activity combined to cause a steady increase 8% The period of time spent in displacement has in displacement figures, which continue to grow. not yet exceeded two years, therefore many The February spike in IDP number was due to the extension of DTM coverage. In IDPs haven’t had time to settle in their new result, more persons of concern were identified and assisted. locations. An undefined future and the chang- In April, clashes between AG and ISF, which triggered the Ramadi crisis skyrocket- ing character of the prevailing conflict which ed IDP numbers. So at end of May 2015, Baghdad hosted the second largest pop- 99% 99% 100%100%87% lacks a clear balance of power between AGs ulation of IDPs, after Anbar, totalling 16 % of all IDPs in Iraq. They were living in and ISF has clearly shaped the intentions of 1,884 locations in Baghdad governorate. IDPs throughout Iraq. Abu Ghraib and Karkh held the highest number of IDPs within the governorate Nearly all IDPs staying in Baghdad desire to due to their close proximity to Falluja and Ramadi districts which saw the fierc- return. Combination of overcrowding, poor est fighting during the ongoing conflict. These two districts of Baghdad combined, 1% 1% 3% living conditions prevailing both in private host almost 80% of all IDPs who displaced from Anbar, in addition to over 60% of housing and critical shelter, in addition to persons displacing within the governorate. In majority the displaced population economic hardship only strengthen desire were of Arabic origin. Reportedly, authorities reject IDPs from Anbar who to return. Moreover, the majority of IDPs in arrive illegally through the Cement Factory Checkpoint and escort them to Bagh- Baghdad originate from tribal Anbar, so they dad.11 Waiting on one or several factors enjoy strong social bonds with population in The influx of IDPs pushed Baghdad city centre to enforce laws requiring IDPs to Return to place of origin their governorate, so are more likely to re- obtain a local sponsor upon their arrival, for that, those who displaced were held Resettle in a third location turn. for days in the outskirts of the city.12 Locally integrate in current location IDP intentions are also affected by unstable security situation, which prevails in Baghdad and increasing cost of living. GENDER- AGE BREAKDOWN 91% of IDPs who fled from Baghdad intend to 2. Gender-age breakdown return, 4% wait to determine their decision Notably, 35% of all IDPs assessed in Bagh- 60,000 and only 1% want to integrate in their current dad were under 14. Additionally, overall there location. Those reside in Missan, , Su- were nearly as many men as there were women 50,000 laymaniyah, Karbala and . among IDPs in the governorate. 3. IDPs who originate from Baghdad and want 40,000 to integrate in their current location 1% 30,000 40% 57% 20,000

59% 10,000 31%

Basrah Kerbala 0 Missan Najaf 0-5 6-14 15-24 25-59 60+ Sulaymaniyah

M F

11 RARTs monthly narrative report, April 2015 12. ibid. 3 IOM Iraq Governorate profile: Baghdad, May 2015 SHELTER MOVEMENT OVER TIME

Hasty escape pushed the first IDPs who displaced to Baghdad SHELTERS to stay in critical shelters, including informal settlements and school buildings. As the conflict unfolded and after the AG offen- Reportedly,13 presence of relatives was among sives that culminated with the capture of Mosul and Tikrit cities pull factors for IDPs who displaced to Baghdad. in early June, the majority of IDPs began to either rent a house In result, 46% of all displaced persons reside or stay with host families. Due to extension of the DTM coverage with host families. IOM field staff reported that in February, figures increased significantly. More IDPs displaced those suffer from overcrowding. Additionally, to Baghdad in the aftermath of the Ramadi crisis and decided to hosts often divide their houses to facilitate ac- rent house. Critical shelter figures remain low during the overall comodation of new IDPs.14 period of displacement due to compact urban development of 40% of displaced persons chose rented hous- Baghdad, presence of relatives and long history of displacement. ing, which frequently doesn’t necessarily translate into good living conditions, given that some flats provide minimum comfort and some 4. Shelters by districts are often completely unfurnished. Thawra 1 and Thawra 2 districts make up Sadr City, one of the poorest areas in Baghdad and 4% 4% 1% 10% one of the most overcrowded in Iraq.15 Ubiq- 14% 15% 40% of all IDPs in Baghdad are under 14. They remain the 23% 1% most vulnerable group affected by displacement. uitous poverty is reflected by high figures of 28% 2% IDPs in these districts who can’t afford renting 5% house, hence stay with host family or in critical 40% 47% 54% shelters such as school building. 54% 63% 40% With the largest share of IDP population, 5. Shelters over time17 Karkh district presents the most diverse shel- 32% 3%1% 80000 ters make-up. Hardship in finding place to stay 100% must have been even bigger, given that this dis- 1% 70000 3% 83% trict holds also the largest population of IDPs 77% 1% 79% 60000 who displaced in the aftermath of the 2006 3% Samarra bombing16 and who affected availa- 29% 50000 53% bility of housing. Over 60% of IDPs combined 51% 46% 40000 40% 36% reside here in rented housing or with host fam- 33% 30000 ily, while 28% of displaced population live in 20000 informal settlement. All reportedly suffer from 16% 10000 frequent cut-off of basic services and poor liv- 2% 1% 1% 1% ing conditions.17 0 Over 60% of IDPs who left the governorate live in rented housing, while 27% stay with host family. Camp Host Families Hotel/Motel Informal settlements Camp Private housing Critical shelters Other Religious Building Rented housing School Building

12 Baghdad Governorate Profile, IOM2014 , settlements, as well as unknown arrangements. These shelter types are classified as critical since the facilities are either not sustainable or inadequate 13. Community Assessement Profile, IOM2015 to provide safe living conditions to the displaced population. Private settings include host families, rented housing and hotels/motels. While these 14. Baghdad Governorate Profile, JAPU2015 shelter arrangements should ensure better living standards to their occupants, they can entail a considerable burden to the host community as well as 15. ibid. 16. ibid. place strain on the functioning of basic services. Please refer to Annex 3 on DTM Shelter definitions for further information. 4 17. Critical shelter arrangements include: unfinished and abandoned buildings, religious buildings, school buildings, informal settlements, otherformal IOM Iraq Governorate profile: Baghdad, May 2015 6. The five top priorityneeds by districts Baghdad is a highly populated area. An additional Iraq 21% 6% 16% 10% 3% 17% 3% 19% 5% PRIORITY NEEDS influx of children hinders access to education and Govt. Total 29% 9% 13% 19% 22% streches schools capacity to its maximum. Com- Thawra2 29% 8% 18% 8% 25% bination of overcrowding and lack of official doc- Need for access to work (29%) and shelter uments prevent many children from enroling into Thawra1 30% 15% 10% (22%) were both high and closely tied. Giv- 25% 20% schools. Additionally, IDPs in Sadr City and Al-Re- en that nearly half of IDPs in Baghdad rent Mahmoudiya 29% 7% 14% 7% 26% safa occupy school facilities. In result, 9% of the re- houses, they report an urgent need for work Mada'in 30% 14% 12% 21% 15% sponses indicated education to be one of the top or income in order to remain in their shel- priority needs. ters. Additionally, need for shelter compris- Karkh 28% 9% 12% 19% 25% es also need for rental subsidies. Kadhimia 28% 13% 21% 4% 23% Many IDPs suffer unemployment.19 Labor Al Resafa 27% 10% 5% 23% 21% market is additionally affected by the influx 7. The top five priority needs by shelter types of new displaced persons that increase mar- Adhamia 30% 12% 10% 22% 22% ket competitiveness and cause a drop in dai- Abu Ghraib 29% 15% 19% 17% 19% 10% ly wages. 11% 23% 25% 21% 22% 20% 24% 22% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 28% Economic hardship and rising prices of hous- Access to Work Education Food ing combined to underlie the shelter crisis, as 12% Health Legal Help NFI 22% the remaining half of IDP population couldn’t Sanitation/ Hygiene Shelter/Housing Water afford to rent a house, therefore sought em- 18% 20% 19% 20% 21% 19% ployment to change their housing status. 21% 12% 23% High demand for NFIs, amounting to 19% of 18% 12% 10% 15% 11% the responses is again related to financial de- 12% 12% 13% pletion and high demand for daily use items Reportedly, many IDPs suffer from poor living conditions, in 15% 13% caused by growing number of IDPs, which 15% 10% 8% particular those who reside in critical shelter types. 8% 12% 9% 15% 9% presumably results in scarcity of goods. 6% Combination of overcrowding and poor liv- ing conditions underlies deterioration of 30% 28% 30% 29% 29% 29% health conditions. 27% 30% 26% 28% Limited financial resources and lack of - ficial documents, which frequently were confiscated by AGs hamper access to health facilities. So health was indicated one of the top priority needs by 13% of the respond- ents. Camps (21%), and rented housing (15%) indicated the greatest need for health among IDPs residing in all shelter types. Access to Work Education Food Health Legal Help NFI Sanitation/ Hygiene Shelter/Housing Water

19. RART Monthly narrative report, March 2015 5