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Debating AZT: Mbeki and the AIDS Drug Controversy by Anthony Brink

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Debating AZT: Mbeki and the AIDS Drug Controversy by Anthony Brink i On 28 October 1999, after reading this debate, South African President Thabo Mbeki ordered an enquiry into the safety of the AIDS drug AZT. Now updated to reveal the President’s remarkable personal involvement in the subsequent controversy, Debating AZT also takes a critical look at the roles of rape survivor Charlene Smith, Supreme Court of Appeal Judge Edwin Cameron, AIDS Law Project director Mark Heywood, and Democratic Alliance leader Tony Leon. Described by South Africa’s top investigative journalist, Martin Welz, as “extraordinary”, Debating AZT exposes the dereliction of the medical experts and journalists on whom the South African public has relied and provides the shocking facts. “Riveting… [The] style is very funny; it’s a shame the subject-matter is so serious… Perhaps, after all, Thabo Mbeki is a visionary, not the fiddling fool he’s made out to be… [If you are] wondering what all the fuss is about, you will not find a more forceful or persuasive explanation…than in this book. …meticulously referenced, Debating AZT rattles the not-so-dusty medical skeletons of Thalidomide, arsenic and mercury salts. It is a remorseless denunciation of the first and most widely used anti-HIV drug…” Don Bayley, former science editor of the Sunday Independent and launch editor of the Independent Online. “Absolutely spectacular … superb ... the definitive refutation.” Harvey Bialy Phd, editor at large, Nature Biotechnology, and scholar in residence, Institute for Biotechnology, University of Mexico. “...excellent …the best, most comprehensive review on AZT currently available...” Etienne de Harven MD, Emeritus Professor of Pathology, University of Toronto, Canada. “A hefty blow for free speech and against the strictures of dogma… Crisp. Logical. Sometimes over the top. Bristlingly intelligent. Exhausting. Acerbic. Sometimes vicious. For anyone who wants to know what Mbeki’s on about, it’s all here, in a nutshell.” Yves Vanderhaeghen, deputy editor, the Natal Witness. Includes: Why the ‘AIDS test’ is useless and pathologists agree The Pope of AIDS The AIDS Apostates How could they all be wrong? Doctors and AIDS An AIDS case: A look at the test for the ‘virus itself’ Open books ISBN 0 620 26177 3 Politics/medicine/health “…a rare combination of incisive insight, entertaining wit, profound perspicacity, all of which and a lot more being available through his racy, delicious pen. He exhibits the uncommon gift of a timely turn of phrase that truly adds spice to the intellectual content… Mr Brink’s book will have an Illichean impact likely to cure the increasingly sick HIV-AIDS establishment in particular and the medical and governmental establishments in general. His expose is both a diagnosis and a cure… [It] will remain a classic eye-opener to the misdeeds of modern medicine for decades to come. I am also sure that Mr Illich will give his imprimatur to Mr Brink at first reading.” Manu Kothari Phd, Professor of Anatomy, Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India. “I started reading it the day it arrived, found it so fascinating that I…read it through to the end that evening. A case of not being able to put it down. Remarkable research and brilliant writing.” Jaine Roberts MA, researcher, HIV and Economic Health Research Unit, University of Natal, Durban. “[AZT: A Medicine from Hell] is a well written, lucid article for anybody to read… your arguments about prescribing this drug are excellent… Perhaps when more people like yourself who are not scientists come out publicly to clarify the issue on this drug, pregnant women will be spared! Your article will now be additional prescribed reading for the students in my class.” Shadrack Moephuli Phd (toxicology), senior lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, University of the Witwatersrand. “…very nice writing … you can’t really be a lawyer … I love the parallels with other past failed medical panaceas - calomel etc.” Denis Beckett, freelance journalist and filmmaker. “What a good comprehensive review of the literature you performed! … During my research I noticed a lot of resistance from many different people to believe our data. In general there is resistance to the ‘bad news’.” Ofelia Olivero Phd, staff scientist, US National Cancer Institute, USA. “Christ this is good… Beautifully written… Extremely accomplished… So much data. Makes the opposition’s platitudes look embarrassingly hollow… Eleni and I think it’s really great.” Valendar Turner MD, consultant emergency physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia. i “Anthony knows more about the science of this than all the other AIDS dissidents put together.” “No, no; you don’t, you don’t [merely reflect the medical literature]. It’s the way you write, it’s the way you put it.” Eleni Papadopulos-Eleopulos MSc, biophysicist, Department of Medical Physics, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia. “Mind-blowing.” Richard Stretch, attorney, Pietermaritzburg. “A masterful piece.” David Rasnick Phd, pharmaceutical biochemist and patent holder, visiting scientist, University of California at Berkeley, USA. “…outstanding...” Hiram Caton Phd, Professor of Applied Ethics, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia. “…wonderful … soldier on!” George Kent Phd, Professor of Political Science, University of Hawaii, USA. “…great… very important…” Stefan Lanka Phd, virologist, formerly of the University of Konstanz, Germany. “… an outstanding piece of work.... expert, trenchant devastation of AZT apologists.” Neville Hodgkinson, formerly science and health journalist, London Sunday Times, England. “[AZT and Heavenly Remedies] is superb, extremely well researched, analyzed, written… I could not have done a better job… Are you a scientist or do you collaborate with one? How could you survey so many scientific publications as an attorney? …Could you publish your article or a variant of it in a medical/scientific journal? It would strengthen our case no end, if scientific papers of that quality would come from several sources, not only from Berkeley and Perth...” “I still can’t believe he wrote that. He’s really a molecular biologist pretending to be a lawyer.” Peter Duesberg Phd, Professor of Molecular Biology, University of California at Berkeley, USA. ii DEBATING AZT Mbeki and the AIDS drug controversy _____________________ ANTHONY BRINK iii Debating AZT: Mbeki and the AIDS drug controversy by Anthony Brink 15 November 2000 ISBN 0 620 26177 3 Published by: Open books Pietermaritzburg To contact the author: [email protected] 083-6260945 Printed by: Kendall and Strachan 164 Pietermaritz Street Pietermaritzburg iv Introduction Doctors and lawyers are alike in that they both rob you; the difference is that doctors kill you too. Anton Chekov Adv Anthony Brink of the Pietermaritzburg Bar discusses AZT with Dr Desmond Martin, president of the Southern African HIV-AIDS Clinicians Society. Dr Martin serves as virology consultant on the editorial board of the AIDS journal AIDS Bulletin, published by the South African Medical Research Council, and was co-chairman of the Scientific Programme (Basic Sciences) for the 13th International AIDS Conference held in Durban in July 2000. He was formerly deputy director of the National Institute for Virology in Johannesburg, and director of its AIDS Unit. v Who in the rainbow can draw the line where the violet tint ends and the orange tint begins? Distinctly we see the difference of the colors, but where exactly does the one first blendingly enter into the other? So with sanity and insanity. In pronounced cases there is no question about them. But in some supposed cases, in various degrees supposedly less pronounced, to draw the exact line of demarcation few will undertake tho’ for a fee some professional experts will. There is nothing namable but that some men will undertake to do it for pay. …an evil nature, not engendered by vicious training or corrupting books or licentious living, but born with him and innate, in short “a depravity according to nature.” By the way, can it be the phenomenon, disowned or at least concealed, that in some criminal cases puzzles the courts? For this cause have our juries at times not only to endure the prolonged contentions of lawyers with their fees, but also the yet more perplexing strife of the medical experts with theirs? But why leave it to them? Why not subpoena as well the clerical proficients? Their vocation bringing them into peculiar contact with so many human beings, and sometimes in their least guarded hour, in interviews very much more confidential than those of physician and patient; this would seem to qualify them to know something about those intricacies involved in the question of moral responsibility; whether in a given case, say, the crime proceeded from mania in the brain or rabies of the heart. As to any differences among themselves these clerical proficients might develop on the stand, these could hardly be greater than the direct contradictions exchanged between the remunerated medical experts. Dark sayings are these, some will say. But why? Is it because they somewhat savor of Holy Writ in its phrase "mysteries of iniquity"? If they do, such savor was far from being intended, for little will it commend these pages to many a reader of today. Billy Budd Herman Melville vi AZT advertised in the Lancet for administration to children “Helping keep HIV disease at bay in children. Generally well tolerated; Improved cognitive function; Survival rates similar to adults; Improvements in growth and well being. RETROVIR. A world of antiretroviral experience.” Label on bottles of AZT for experimental administration to primates and rodents “Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. Target organs(s): Blood Bone marrow. If you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label where possible). Wear suitable protective clothing.” vii A positivist approach gives a bad account of the contemporary natural sciences but has it ever given an account of science? Further features of positivism identified by Lincoln and Guba are that it is value free and there is an assumption of an objective reality which can be logically deduced.
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