"'~ 26 riw, 1982 iii
FOREWORD
The di~trict census handbook (DCH), compiled by tbe census organisation on behalf of til State governments, is one of the most valuable products of the Census. The DCH is constantl" referred to by planners. administrators, academicians and researchers. It i&inter-alia used fordelimi· tation of constituencies, Cormulation of local level and resional plans and as an aid to District administration. The district census handbook is tbe only publication which provides Primary Census Abstract (peA) data upto viIJage level for tbe rural areas and ward wise for eadl city or town. I. also provides data on infrastructure and amenities in villages and towns etc.
".I The district census handbook series was initiated during the 1951 Census. It contained impottaal census tables and peA for each village and town of the district. During 1961 Census the scope of the DeH was enlarged and it contained a descriptive account of the district, administrative ~tatistics. census tables, and a village and town directory. including peA. The 1971 nCR series was planned in three parts. Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town PeA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, district census tables and certain analytical table. base~ OR peA and amenity data io respect of villages. However, in some states it was confined to district census tables and in a few caleS altogether given up due to delay in compilation and printing.
While designing the format of 1981 DCB series some new features along with the restructu,int of the formats of village and town directory have been attempted. At the same time. comparability with the 1971 data .bas also been kept in view. All the amenities except power supply in the village have been brought together in the village directory with the instruction that in case an amenity is not available in the referrent village the distance in broad ran[!es from the nearest place where tbe amenity is available ma, be given. The restructurina of the format oC the village directory and incorporating DlOre exhaustive data on infrastructure aspect particularly in relation to amenities and land-use panern is expected to further meet the need of micro level planning for rural areas. It is expected to help not only in local area planning but regulating the provision of goods and services as well so as to minimise the regional imbalances in the process of development. A few new items of information bave also been introduced to meet some of the requirements of tbe Revised Minimum Needs Programme. Such new items of information as adult literacy centres, primary health sub·centres, and community health workers in tbc village have been introduced in the viJIage directory with this objective iii mind. The new item OD approach to the village is to have an idea about the villages in the district Which are inaccessible. A Dew column, ""total population and number of households" has been introduced to examine tbe correlation of the amenities with the population and number of households they serve. Addition of two more appendices listing the villages where no amenities are available and according to tbe proportion of scheduled caltes and scheduled tribe. population to the total population has also been made witb this view in mind.
The formats of the town directory have also been modified to meet tbe requirements of the Minimum Needs Proaramme by providing information on a few new items. A new statement on 'civic and other amenities in slums in class-I and Class-II towns (Statement IV-A) hag" been introduced with this objective In mind. It is expected that tgis will belp the planners to chaJk out programmes on provision of ()ivic amtnities for the improvement of sluPlS. Tne columns on Scbeduled Castes and Sl:heduled Tribes population is statement IV relating to civic and other amenities and adult literacy classes/centres under educational facilities ill statement V are also added inter-alia with tbis iv vIew. A signific ant addition is class of town in all tbe seven statements of tbe town directory. The infrastructure of amenities in urban areas of the country can be best analysed by taking the class of towns into consideration. The addition of tbe columns on civic administration statuI and population in a few Itatements also serves this purpose.
The format of the primary census abstract for the villages and towns bas been formulated in the lighl of changes in the economic and other questions canvassed through the individ ual slip of 1981 census.
In order to avoid delay in publication of 1981 DCH series it has been so designed that Part-A of clie volume contains village sod tQwn directory and Part-B the peA of viUages and towns including tbe Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes PCA upto TahsiIfl'own levek. At the beginning of the DCB a detailed analytical note supported by a number of inset tables based on PCA and non-census data in relation to the infrastructure has been introduced to enhance its value. The district and tabsH/police station/C D Block etc. level maps depicting the boundaries and other important features have been inserted at appropriate places. to further enhance the value of the publication.
This publication is a joint venture of the State Government and the Census Otganisation. The data have been collected and compiled in the State under the direction of Shri K. C. Dubey. tbo Director of CenSt18 Operations, Madhya Pradesh on behalf of the State Government which has borncnbe "cost of printing. The task of planning. designing and coordination of this publication was carried out by Sbri N. G. Nag. Deputy Registrar General (Social Studie5) of my office. Dr.B. K. Roy, Deputy Registrar General (Map) provided the tecbnical ~uidancc in the preparation of the maps. Data receiv"ed from. CeDSUS Directorates have been scrutinised in the Social Studies Division at the headquarters under the 8uidanoe of Sbri M. M. Dua. Senior Research Officer. I am tbankful to all who have contributed in the project.
P. PADMANABHA REGISTRAR GENERAL, INDIA New Delhi the 26th April. 1982 v
PREFACE
One of the most import an' publications of the Census arc 'be Districl CCDBUS HaDdbook •• Tl1is publication was begun in tbis caption siBce 1951 Census. But prior 10 tbis. a similar publication was released in the Censul earlier than 1951. That publication was on the title of Village Statistic_s and It contains ·only village names and total population thereof. The 19SJ Census could, therefore, be said to represent a significant step in tbe process of making detailed Census statistics available down upto the village level.
(n fact the District Census Handbook is tbe most important publication at tbe Census aDd it also perbaps the most widely used. AI&o perbaps this is the only publicatioD used at the micro-leveJ dOWD uPto the tahsil and development block.
The form of the District Census Handbook has gone considerable cbange since 1951. This is basicall, due to the growing demand for more information. For the purpose of convenience as well as with a view of making the basic statistics available with the data users as early as possible the District CensUl Handbooks have been split into 2 parts, Part-A contains the Introductory Note on the district and Town/ViJJage Directory. This volume will be found useful to get almost all the non-Census statistic. available at one place. Part-B also contains an introductory note and the Primary Census Abstract.
One of tbe innovation of the pres~nt Census has been in terms of allotment of Location Code numbers to the villages. In the earlier Censuses the location code system was such that the vilJagea of a Patwari Circle were found at different serial numbers. Since the Patwari CirCle still remains an . imponaDt administrative unit, the location code numbers have been so given in the present Census that it may be possible to locate aU the villages of a particular Patwari Circle at one place one below the other.
When the planning for the present census was started in 1979 the tahsils were still revivable al aD important unit of the administration, the whole plannill8 was, therefore, done taking tabsil as the unit. (t wa. during the course of tbe census tbat some requests were informally·received for making bl~kwise data available. Since these requests were reoeived very late and were also received only in an informal manner. it has not been possible to disturb the original planning of villages arranged according to the location code number. taking tahsil as one unit. However, additional exercise has been done and in addition to the tahsil figures blockwise figures have also been indicated. It is boped, that the availability of tbese blockwise data will enhance tbe utility of this publication.
It is boped tbat this handbook will provide the basic statistical support to executive and de-velopmental adminiBtrati0D. It is needless to state that the proper implementation of policy depends OD tho' ability of the administration authorities concerned.
It may be remembered that the vilJagewise area fiaures given in the Primary Census Abstract and the Villase Directory are those based on the village papers while tbe tahsil tota!s given in PCA are obtained from tbe Land Records department. which in many case. exclude forest area. vi
The statistics that are contained in the district census hand books are the result of a massive and marathon exercise in the compilation and tabulation of voluminous statistics. The compilation of tbe statistics contained in this volume was carried out by 9 Regional Tabulation Offices tach under a Regional Deputy Director of Census Operations. These Regional Offices were run with the help of purely temporary staff-roughly about I,SOO Tabulators, about 250 Checkers and about 80 Supervisors. I am grateful to roy colleagues, the Regional Deputy Directors and those temporary stafr for the speed and accmacy in the editing and basic compilation of more than nearly S22 lath slips and nearly 1 latb of household schedUles. The compilation oC village directory was taken up at the headquaners and I am equally Irateful to the officers and staff who have worked whole heartedly on the job in a collec tive and co-operative venture. It is not possible nor fair to name in this. The maps contained in the handbook have been prepared in the Cartographic: Section of my omcc. However, the analytical note .has been prepared by Sbri M. L. Shanua. Deputy Director of Census Operations . I am thankful to all wbo ban contributed to bring this publication possible. The census organisation is also grateful to the Go vcrmnent of Madhya Pradesh for baving been so kind as to undertake tbe publication of these handbooks and to tbe Controller, Printins and Stationery. Madbya Pradesh. Bhopal and his staff for the printing arrangements made. The inspiration behind this ambitioUJ .enture is tbat of our indefatigable Registrar General. Shrl P. PadmaDabha to whom we are aU deeply 8I'ateful. Our thanks are also due to Shri N. O. Nag, Depuety Registr~r General (Social StudiCl) for all the help that we received from bim and his section.
It. C. DUBEY Director of Census Operations Madhya Pradesb. Bhopal Janmalhtami, 31 Au •• 1983. vii
IMPORTANT STATISTICS
MADHYA PRADESH Bhind Distrlc, Pop.tatloD Total Persons 5Z,171,.44 973.816 Males 16.886,305 53Z.96" Pemales 15,Z'Z.53, 440,147 Rura) Persons 41,592.385 807.Ci04 Males '2t,266,321 44'.626 Females 20,326,064 36S,971r Urban Persons 10,586.459 166,212 Males S,619.984 9'.34) Females 4,966.475 74.869 Decennial Population Growth Rate 1971-81 25.%7 2~.6S Area (Sq. Klns.) 443,446.04 4459.0 Density of population (Per Sq. KID.) 118 211 Sex-Ratio (Number of Females per 1 ,000 males) 941 827 Literacy Rate Persons 27.87 31.3> Males 39.49 45. Ii Female. 15.53 14.67 Percentage of urllan popillation to total populatioD 20.29 17.07 Percentage to total population ( i) Main Workers Persons 38.41 26.70 Ma1es 53.52 47.S9 Females 22.35 1.45
~ii ) Marginal Workers PersoRS 4.52 0.90 Males 0.96 0.57 Females 8.30 l. 30 (Iii) Non-Workers Persons 57.07 72.40 Males 45.52 51.84 Females 69.35 97.25 Break-ap of MaiD Worker. : ( percentage alDoDg maiD workers ) ( i ) Cultivators Persona 51.96 72.78 Males 53.81 --r3.64 females 47.28 38 • .5"7 (ii) Agricultural Labourer. Persons 24.24 9.68 Males 17.81 9.01 Females 40.61 :3 ti. 09 (iii) Household Industry Persons 3.52 1.49 Males 3.36 1.42 Females 3.93 4.22 (iv) Other Worken Persons 20.28 16.05 Males 25.02 U.93 Females 8.lS 11.12 Percentage of Scheduled Castes Persons 14. )0 21.18 population to. total popula don Males 14.16 21.36 Females 14.04 20.97 Percentage of Scheduled Tribes Persons 22.97 0.13 PopulatioD to total population Males 22.33 e.13 Females 23.66 0.13 Number of occupied resIdential houses 8,929,190 139,571 Number of villages Total 76,603 '29 Inhabited 71,429* 876 Uninhabited "i,174" 53 Number 01 Towns 327 10
• Includes 77 inhabited villasel which have been treated wholly as urban outgrowth or nearby City/Town. •• Includes S8 Uninhabited 9i1Jases or which Abadi area have been merged in nearby City/Town. IS' 7f 301 45' ,lis' 30' MADHYA PRADESH DISTRICT BHIND u • 12MILE5 -.1 4 2 0 , B
o ~
la' 30'
JJ.
o REFERENCE IS' 151 BOUNDARY, STATE , ... , .. ,,, ...... -.. _,,- DISTRICT " TAHSIL , HEADIlUARTERS: DISTRICT, TAHSIL " ...... " i, @ STATE HIGHWAY...... IP'
METALLED ROAD" .... '" ... UNMETALLED ROAD '" .... , " ... , ...... = "====,,
RAILWAY LINE WITH STATION: NARROW GAUGE ... I ,A\", I RIVER AND STREAM ...... , ... " ...... ~ VILLAGE HAVING 5.000 AND ABOVE POPULATION IMDOII WITH NAME ... " ..... " ... " , ...... • 00 UR.BAN AREA WITH POPULATION SIZE: CLASS II,!II,IV & V.". '" .. , "'''' .. '.1.1.1 POST AND TELEGRAPH OfFICE .... , ... '"'' Pl0 DEGREE COLLEGE .. """ .. ", [!]
REST HOUSE" . RH
lOR
45' 7foo' 15' 7 . 30' 7f IS' 30' fCi'~"OilC'''. fc!atwft ANALYTICAL NOTE
NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS
This Dote gives the meanings and explanatioD. could be ensored and whicb sbould provide bas~ or terms and concepts used in tbis handbook. This for analysing of figures and urbanization in the is nec::essary because, without a proper grasp of the country. But it bas to be remembered that the meanings of sucb simple concepts as building,house, urban criterion of 198. varies slightly frOID household. workers etc., it is not possible to appre that of 1961 and 1971 censuses is that the ciate the data presented in the hand book. Thus males Working in activities such as fishing. one who does not know that an unpretentious hut logging. etc. were, treated aI engaged in non-agri. in the thick of Bastar forests with unplastered bam cultural activity and therefore contributed to tho boo walls and a thatch roorand with space hardly 75% criterion in 1961 and 1971 censuses. where.. enough for two cots is not a bit Jess of a building in the 1981 census tbese activities are treated as aD than the Indian versions of tbe sky scrapers in one par with CUltivation and agricultural labour for tbo of the metropolitan cities. or that a central jail purpose of this eriterion. bousing aU manner of criminals and shady characters is as much a household as the household Applying tbe criteria described above, a list of of the most pious and god.fearing citizen in the 327 towns was finalised and it is these 327 towns State. may not be able to appreciate what exactly wbioh are treated as urban areas for the purpose of ,the figures represent. 1981 census. The additional Secretary to the Govt. of India in the Ministry of Home Affairs sent a 'Coaeepts aad Detloltioal letter to the Chief Secretaries of the State Govern -Raral/tJl'baa : ments as back as 10th May, 1979, requesting them to ensure that no changes are made in jurisdiction It has been the tradition of the Indian Census and boundaries of municipalities and revenue 'to present the census data for rural and urban areas villages, tahsils, sub·divisions and districts during separately. In fact, in all the Censuses througb the period from 1-1-1980 to 30-6-1981. Howover. out the world thili classification of census data into 8ubsequent to our finalization of rural and urban rural an~i urban units is generally recognized. How frame the State Government in the Local Govern ever. distinction between rural and urban is not yet ment Department notified many places as notified amenable to a single definition which would be areas and municipalities. Such places have not applicable to all countries. been treated as towns for tbe pu rpose of census and The definition of an urban unit at the 1971 the secretary to Government in the Local Govern CenbUS was as follows - ment Depadment had agreed to this arrangements. Similarly, tbe State Government raised the status of (a) All places witb a munioipality, corporation, fl municipal committees to that of lDunicipal corpo cantonment board or notified town area; rations. These new municipal corporations are also (b) All other places which satisfied the follow treated as municipal committees. ing criteria. While dealing with the subject of rural and urban (i) A minimum population ors,ooo ; break up mention may be made of the area under (ii) At teast 7S per cent of male working the Special Area Dt'velopment Authority. The population engaged in nOD-agricultural Special Area Development Authority have been pUfl,uits ; and constituted under tbe Madhya Pradesb Nagar Tatha (iii) A density of popuiation of at least Gram Nivesh Adhiniyam, 1973 and they enjoy the 400 per sq. Ian. (1,000 per sq. miles). power to function as a municipality so far as the muniCipal management of tbat area is concerned. The same criteria is retained at the 1981 census The limits of t lese Special Areas include large pnr ..Iso tbat comparabdity witb the prevIoUs census tions of rural areas comprising number of villaR-C • xli'
situated around tbe core town or village or luch 0) it should have a core town of a minimum Special area. For example. Orchba is a SADA population of 50,000, (ii) the contiguous area. area in Tjkamgarb district but there is no town in made up of other urban as well as rural administra tbis area. Similarly, Malanjkhand in Balaghat tive units should have mutual socio-economic links district, Bhedaghat in Jabatpur district. Mandav in with the eore town and (iii) in all probability tbis Dhar district and simi)ar other cases are SADA entire area should get fully urbanised in a period of areas but tbere is no urban area within that. The two or three decades. Certain Standard Urban objective of the SADA areas perhaps i. to control Areas were -determined on tbis basis in 1971 and the future development of these areas in a planned lome basic data were presented for 1951, 1961 and manner and that is all. It was, therefore, not con 1971 for such areas and their components. Similar sidered desirable to treat luch SADA areas at par data have been presented for tbe Standard Urban witb other urban bodies like municipal corpora Areas in 1981 also. The idea is to present basic tions, municipal committees etc., and on)ythat part data for tbose areas for four to five decades so that of it is treated as urban which is really $0. As luch tbe urbanisation process in those areas can be in the Korba SADA area only Korba town has been studied. However, there have been minimum cbang~ trea ted as urban and rest of the area remains in the in tbe constituent uni~ of the Standard Urban rural frame. Areas of 1981 Census as compared to those of 1971. but the list of SUA remaines unchanged. Urban' Aaglomeration: Size Ciasl of Towns : Apart from town/city the 197] concept of The urban areas are classified into 6 classes urban agglomeration is also adopted for the 1981 referred to as towns of Class I to VI. Tbe classi census. Very often large railway colonies, university tication is shown beJow- caJDpuses; port areas, military camps etc •• come up outside the statutory limits oftbe city or town but Class I 100,000 and above adjoining it. Such areas may not by themselves Class 11 50,000 to 99,999 qualify to be treated as towns but if they form a Class lIt 20,000 to 49,999 contiguous spread with the town, they are out Class IV 10,000 to 19,999 lI'0wtb. of the town and deserve to be treated a. Class V 5.000 to 9,999 urban. Such towns together with their outgrowths Class VI Less than 5.000 have been treated as one urban unit and caJled 'urban agglomeration'. An urban agslomeration It is customary to treat a town having a popu· mlY constitute :- lation of 1 lac and above 2.8 a city.
(a) A city with continuous outgrowth, (tbe CeDaa. HOUIIie : part of outgrowth being outside tbe IItatu A Census House is a buHdjng or part of a build. tory limits but falling within tbe bound ina ha vjng a separete main entrance from the road aries of the adjoinio8 village or 'Villages); or common courtyard or staircase, etc., used or (b) One town witb similar outgrowth or two recognised a8 a separate unit. It may be occupied or more adjoining townlli witb their out or vacant. It may be used for a residential or non growths as in (a) : or residential purpose or both. (c) A city and one or more adjoining town. If a building had a number of fiats or blocks with their outgrowtb. all of which ("orm a which were independent of one another havinS continuous spread. separate entrances of their own from the road or a common staircase or a common courtyard leading Standard Urban Area: to a main gate, they have been considered as separate census houses. A new concept or Standard Urban Area intro duced in 1971 census wiJI also be followed for the In some cases~ however, it was difficult to 1981 Censul. The ellential requirementl rClu the apply the definition strictly. For eXaJllple, in an coDltitution of a Standard Urban Area are- urban area, a t1at has five rooms, each baviDIL direct xiii
entrance to commOn stair(.;uc the or courtyard Sdaedaled C•• teI aad Se.... ,ed TrIIJeI w!lich by definition bad to be treated as five ecnlul houses. [f all theae five rooms were f(lund Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are occupied by single household entire Oat was treated those round in the Notifieation of Scbeduled Cast.., as onC census house. [n such cases singleness of Scheduled Tribes Order (Amendment) Act, 1976 usc was taken into consideration to avoid undue (lOS of 1976). By this amendmenf, area restrictioQ proliferation oithe number of census houses. for most of the Scheduled Castes and Scbeduled Tribes have been removed. However, the area An occupied residential census house means a restriction still remains in respect of Dhobi (in census house whiCh is actually used for residential Bhopal, Raisen and Sebore districts): Katwal and purposes, eitber wbolly or partly by one or more Pardhi (in Bbind, Dbar Dewas, Guna, Gwalior. housebolds. Indore, Jhabua, Khargone, Mandsaur. Morena, Rajgarh, Ratlam, Shajapur. Shivpuri. Ujjain and HOlllehoW : Vidisha Districts) and Kumhar (in Chhatarpur, The term household in c·:nsus is defined as a Datia. Panna. Rewa. Salna, Sbabdol. Sidbi and group of persons who commonly live together and Tikamgarh d iatricts) Scbed uled Castell. Lik ewisc would take their meals from a common kitchen Keer and Pard hi Scheduled Tribes are still reltric•• unless tbe exigencies of work prevented any onoe of cd only in Bhopal, Raisen and Sebore districts; them from doing so. There may be a household of Mina in Sironj 8ub·division oC Vidisba district; persons related by blood or a household of un· Panika in Chbatarpur. Datia, Panna. Rewa, Satna. related persons or having a mix of both. Examples Shahdol, Sidhi, and Tikamgarh districts; Pardbi. of unrelated households are boarding houses, mes Dahelia. Bahellia. Cbita Pardbi. Langoli Pardhi. sess. hostels, residential hotels, rescue homes. jails, Pbanse Pardhi, Shikari. Takankar, Takia [ in (I) "Ashrams" etc., These are called institutional Bastar, Chhindwara. MaDd)a, Raigarb. Seoni and households. There may be one member households Surguja districts, (2) Daihar tahsil of Balagbat two member household a or multi - member district. (3) Betul and Bhainsdehi tahsils of Detul households. For census purposes, each one of these district, (4) Bilaspur and Katghora tahsils of Bilas Opes is regarded as a 'household'. pur district, (S) Durg and Balod tabsils of Durg district, (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohala Revenue There are three types of households viz, normal. Inspector's Circles of Rajnandgaon district. (7) institutional and housetess households. A housc:lesl Murwara, Patan and Sihora tahsils of Jabalpur household is that which is normally found to be district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur tahsils of residing on the road side, pavements. in hume pipes Hoshangabad and Narsimhpur districts, (9) Har under staircases. or in open, temple, mandaps. sud tahsil or Khandwa district, (10) Bindra-Nawa platform. and the like. Institutional household. garb. Dbamtari and Mahasamund tahsils of Raipur have been explained above. Those households which diatrict .1 do Rot CaU in the category oC institutional houaehold and houseless household have been categorised as normal households, The enumerator was required Persons belonging to Ibe castes/tribes mention to indicate in the House)Jold Scheduled whether the ed above found in tbe districta olner tl1an those hoasehold belonged to 'Institutional household' or where Scheduled have not been treated as schedul ed castes or scheduled tribes as the case Dlay be. 'House less household'. For institutional 'I' waa It may be mentioned here that scheduled castes can written alainst the question 'Type of household' be belong to the Hindu or the Sikb religion only. and ~O' was indicated in the case of houseless while the scheduled tribes belong to any religion. houlehold. For normal houaehold, no entry was The list of Sckeduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes required to be made. relating to Madhya Pradesh relevant to 1981 census The enumeration of institutional households has been given immediately after thIS note as was done in:tbe manner tbe normal households were Annexure-I. enumerated during tbe enumeration period from Literates and Educated PersoDs : 9tb February to 28th February, 1981. The house· lell households were enumera·ed on the night of A person wbo can both read and write witl). 28*h February. 1981. understandinl in any language is treated as literate. xiv
A person who ean merely read but caD Dot write, is CenSUles, the economic questions were baled OD Dot'literate. It is not necessary that a person different approaches. namely. usual status and whO is literate should have received any formal current status, were adopted with reference'period education or should have passed any minimum of one year and one week for seasonal and for educational standard. regular work, respectively. Current status approacb was thought to be irrelevant in the context of our The test for literacy was necessary only when country where usual status of a worker is collsider the enumerator bad any doubt about any person ed to be more appropriate. returning as 'literate'. The test for literacy was ability to read any portion of the Enumerat~r's The above questions are in three parls and Instruction Booklet and to write a simple letter. have been designed in such a way that tint of a1\ Ability merely to sign one's name was not consider it attempts to divide the popUlation into two broad ed adequate to qualify a person as being able to STOUpS viz .• write with understanding, If a person claimed to (I) those who have worked any time at aU be literate in some other language with which the during the lasl year. and (2) tbose who have not enumerator was not familiar, tbe respondent's word worked at all. was taken as correct. The latter group consists of the nOH-workers. All children of the age of 4 years or Jess w_ere Tbis information is obtained in Q. 14-A. Ha vinl treated as illiterate even if they might be gOinl to classified the population into two groups, the next .chOol and bad picked up reading and writing a attempt has been to classify those whohavo worked few words. any time into Main workers and Marginal Workers. on the baSiS of lime spent on work at well as Classification of workers by Industrial Category: lecondary \'£ork. if any, of the Main workers. It At the 1981 Census, the questions whioh were a person had worked for sil'{ months or more (lSu canvassed in the Ind ividual slip to elicit informa days or more) he was treated as Main worker tion on economic characteristics of the population and if the period of work was less than six months were as follows:- he was regarded aa a Marginal ,,"orker. In Q. 158 details of secondary work Or marginal work are (i) Q. 14A Worked any time at all last Year? obtained. FlDally an attempt has been made to Yes determine whether tbose who are non-workers or ------marginB;l workers are seeking or are available for No. (H/ST/D/R/B/I/O) work. Q. J4B If yes in 14A, did you work for major part oflast year 'I Yes(l)jNo (2) It will thus be seen that these questions on economic aspects have been so designed as to ii Q. lSA Main activity last year? identify all workers. full time worken Or seasonal workers or marginal workers and non-workers with Yes in 148 (C/AL/HHI/OW) reference to the _activities during the last one year No in 14B (HISTjD/R/B/I70) period prior t~ the date of enumeration.
Q. 148 Yes-Any other work any time last year 'l The various terms and definitions used in 15D Yel (CIALIHHI/OW)/No collecting the economic data haVe been explained Q. l4B No--Work done any time last year? briefly in the (ollowing paragraphs. (C/ALjHHI/OW) Definition of work : iii Q. 16-If No in 14A or 148. seeking/avaiJable for work "f Yes U)}No (2). . Work has been defined as patticipation in any
economically productive activity. Such participa4 The above questions were formulated after tion may be physical or mental in nature. Work detailed discussion at the Data User's Conference involves not' only actual work but also effective and technical group.. At tbe 1961 and 1971 supervision and direction of work. llV
For persons on regular employment or engaged dependents. retired penons or reDtieq. bell8n.. in regular type of work. temporary absence during inmates of institutions. unemployed persons etc. tbe reference period on account of illness, holiday. They are persons who have not worked any time at temporary closure, strike eto., was 110t a dis all in the year preceding tbe enumeration. qualification for treating tbem as workers. Main ae'iviay of worker. t Persons under training, sucb as apprentices, with or witbout stipends or wages were also treated The main actiVity of workers has been c1aslified as workers. In the case of a person who bad been into four categories viz., cultivator. agricultural offered work but bad not actually joined, he was labourer, household industry and otber work in the not treated as a worker. Rent receivers, pensioners PCA at the 1981 census. A significant departure has.. etc., were not treated as economically active unless therefore, been made this time while presenting the tbey alao -engaged 'hems elves in some economic data on economic activity which relate to only four activity. broad categories indicated above as against nine In all these questions, the reference period is industrial categories of the 1961 and the 1971 the One year: preceding the date of enumeration. cen suses. The nine categories of the 1971 eenlua Certain. types of work such as agriculture, house were-(i) Cultivator, (ii) Agricultural labourers, hold industry like gur making etc •• carried on either (iii) Livestock, Forestry, FishiDg, HUDtiDg and throughout the year or only during 'certain seasons Plantations, Orchards and allied activities, (iv) or part Qf the year, depending on the local circum Mining, (v) Manufacturing, Processing and servic stance. 'In all such cases the reference period bas ing with suboeategories-(a) At Household Industry been the broad time span of. tbe agricultural sea and (b) Other tban'Household Industry, (vi) Con sons preceding the enumeration. struction, (vii) Trade and Commerce, (viii) Trans port, Storage and CommunicatioDs. and (iX) Olher Main Workers : Services. The correspondence between the cate The main workers are those who have worked gories of 1981 and 1971 are as uDder- Cor a major part of 'he year preceding the enume ration. Main activity of a person who was engaged 1981 Category 1971 Category in.more than one activity was reckoned in tenns of I time disposition. For example, if a person had worked as daily wage labourer for 4 months. as aD II (I agricultural labourer for 1 mODth aDd as cultivator III Veal for 2 months, he was treated as a Main worker on IV lll.IV,V(b),VI.Vn.VIII &: IX the basis of total time spent on work and his maiD activity have been reckoned as Daily Wage Labourer Cnltlvator ; since he spent major part of his time on work in this activity than as cultivator or agricultural For purposes of censuS a person is workiDg at labourer. cultivator if he or she is enaaged either as employer. single worker or family worker in cultivation of MugiDal Workers : land owned or held from Government Or heJd (rom MargiDal workers are those who have worked private persons or institutions for payment in any time at all in tlie year preceding the enumera mODey. kind or share. lion but have not worked for a major part of the Cultivation involves ploughing, sowinll and year. For example. if a person who is mestly harvestiDg and production of cereals aDd millet doing household duties, or is mainly a student, or crops such as wheat, paddy, jowar, bajra, ragi, mainly a dependent or a rentier or a beggar and etc., and other crops such as- sugarcane,groundDuU the like who is baSically a Don-worker bad done tapioca, etc. and pulses, raw jute and kindered some work at some time durmg the reference fibre crop, cotton etc., and 'does DOt- include (rult period, he was treated as a marglDal worker. grOWing, vegetable growing or keeping orchards or groves or working of plantatioD like tea, eoffee. NoD-Worken : rubber, cinchona. opium and other medicinal pia." NOD-workers con.titute of householders. students, lations. xvi
Agricultural Labourer I processing, servicing, repallJDg or making and selJing (but not merely selling) oC goods such as Persons working in anothcr person's land for handloom weaving, dyeing, carpentry, bidi rolling, wages in money, kind or share have been treated al pottery manufacture, bicycle repairina. blacksmith agricultural labou'rers. An agricultural labourers ing, tailoring etc. It does not include professions bas no risk in the cultivation and he has no right of sucb as a pleader or doctor or barber or "dhobi' lease or contract on land on which he works. even if such proressic:ns are run at home by melll~ bers of the household. Household lad_try :
Housebold Industry is defined as an industry 0tIIer workers : conducted by the head of the household himselfl herself and or by the members of tbe households at home or within the village in rural ueaa and only Allworkcrs, i.e. thOle who have been engaged wilhin the precincts of the house where the bouse in SQme economic activity during the last one year. bold li"es in urban areas. The larger propottion who are not cultivators or agricultural labourers of workers in a bousehold industry sbould consist or in household industry ~re 'other workers'. The of members of the household inch~in8 tho head. type of worken that come under this category The ind ustry should not be run on tbe scale of inclUde factory workers, plantation workers, those registered factory which would qualify and bas to in trade, commerce, business, transport, m1nina, be registered under tbe Indian Factories Act. COJistruction,political or social work,all government servants, municipal employees, teacbers. priesti': Household Iud ustry relates to production, entertainmcnt artists etc. xvii
ANNEXURE I
MADRYA. PRADESH
[ The Scheduled Castes and Sc:beduled Tribcs Orders (Amcndment) ~ct. 1976 J Dated tbe 18tb September. 1976 Sc:heduled C ...
1 Audbelia. 3S Kumhar (In Cbhatarpur, Datia, PaDDa, Rewa. 2 Basri, Bagdi. Satna, Shahdol. Sidhi aDd TiklUllgarhdi.trictI). 3 Bahna, Bahana. 36 Mahar, Mehra, Mehar. 4 Dalahi, Dalai. 37 Mang. Mang Garodi, Mang Garudi. Dankflni S Bancbada. M;ang, Mang Mabasi, Madari. Garudi, Radb. 6 Barahar, Basod. Mang. 1 Bargunda. 38 Meghwal. 8 Basor, Burud, Bansor, Bansodi, Bansphor. 39 Moghi•. BaBar. 40 Muskhan. 9 Bedia. 41 Nat, Kalbelia, Sapera. Navdigar. Kubut'ar. to Beldar, Sunkar. 42 Pardhi (In Bbind. Dbar. Dewa., Guna, Owa 11 Bhangi, Mehtars Balmik, -Lalbegi, Dharkar. lior. Indore. Jhabua. Khar~one. Mandaaur, 12 Bhanumati. Morena, Rajgarh. Ratlam, Shajapur, Shivpuri 13 Chadar. Ujjain and Vidisha Districts). 14 Chamar I Chamari, Bairwa. Bhambi, Jatav, 43 Pasi, Mocbi. Regar, Nona. Robida.. Ramnami. 44 Rujjhar. Satnami, Surjyabanshi Surjyaramnami. Ahir l 4S Sansi, Sansia. war, Chamar Mangan. Raidas. 46 Silawat. IS Chidar. 47 Zamra'. 16 Chikwa. Chikvi. 17 Chitar. Scheduled Tribel 18 Dahait. Dabayat. Dahat. 19 Dewar. 1 Agariya. 20 Dbanuk. 2 Andh. 21 Dhed, Dber. 3 Baiga. 22 Dhobi (In Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore 4 Bhaina. districts), 5 Bharia Bhumia, Bhuinhar Bhuania, Bhumiya. 23 Dohor. Bharia, Paliha,. PandC' . 24 Dom, Dumar, Dome. Domar, Doris. " Bhattra. 2S Ganda, Gandi. 7 Bhil, Bhilala, Barela, Patclia _ 26 Ghasi, Ghasia. 8 Bhil Mina. 27 Holiya. 9 Bbunjia. 28 Kanjar. 10 Biar, Biyar. 29 Kalia, Patharia. 11 Binjhwar. 30 Khatik. 12 Birhul, Bilhor.
31 Koli l Kori. 13 Damor, Damaria. 32 Kotwa! (In Bbind, Dhar, Dewas, Guna, 14 Dhanwar. Gwalior~ Indore. Jbabua. Kbargone.Mandsaur 15 Gadaba, Gadba. Morena, Rajgarh. RaUam. Shajapur. Shiv 16 Gond: Arakh~ Arrakh, Agatia. Alur, Bad; puri, Ujjain. and Vidiaba districts). Maria, Bada Maria, Dhatola, Bhimma, Dhuta 33 Khangar, Kanera, Mirdha. Koilabhuta. Koliabhuti. Bhar. Bisonhora 34 Kucbbandhia. Maria, Chota Maria. Dannami Madll. Dhuru, Iviii
Dhurwa. Dhoba, Dbulia. Doria. Gaiki, Gatta 35 Oraon, Dhanka. Ohangad Gatti. Gaita. Gand Gowari. Hill Maria. Kan 36 Panika (In Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa. dra. Ka]anga. Khatola. Koitar, Koya, Khirwar Satna, Shahdol. Sidhi and Tikamgarh districts.) Khirwara, Kucba Maria. Kuchaki Maria, Madia, Maria, Mana, Man~ewar. Mosbya. 31 Pao. Mogia. Monghya, Mudia, Muria, Nagarchi, 38 Pardhan. Pathari, Saroll. Nagwansbi, Ojha. Raj. Sonjhari Jhareka. Thatia. Thotya, Wade Maria, Vade Maria, 39 Pard hi (In Bhopal,Raisen and Sehore districts) Daroi. 40 Pard hi, Bahelia. Bahelli~, Chita Pardhi. Lan- goli Pardhi. Phanse Pardhi. Shikari, Takankar 17 Halha. HaJbi. Takia [In (I) Bastar, Chhindwara. Mandla, 18 Kamar. Raigarh, Seoni and Surguja districts, (2) Baihar 19 Karku. tahsil of Balaghat district. (3) Betu) and 20 Kawar. Kanwar, Kaur, Cherwa, Rathia. Tao- Bhainsdehi tahsils of Betu) district, (4) Bilaspur war, Chattri. and Katghora tahsils of Bilaspur district. 21 Keer (In Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts). (5) Durg and BalHoshangabad district and Narsimha 26 Kolam. pur district, (9) Harsud tahsil of Kbandwa district, (10) Bindra-Nawagarh, Dhamtari and 27 Korku. &pchi. Mouasi, Nihal. Nahul, Bondhi Mahasamund tahsils of Raipur district.] Bondeya. 28 Korwa, Kodaku. 41 ParJa. 29 Majhi. 42 Sabariya, Saharia, Seharia, Sehria. Sosia. Sor. 30 Majhwar. 43 Saonta, Saunta. 31 Mawasi. 32 Mina (In Sironj lub-division ofVidisha.district) 44 Sauro 33 Munda. 4S Sawar, Sawara. 34 Na,elia. Na,asia. 46 Sonr. HISTORY AND SCOPE OF' DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK
The History of tbe District Census Handbook Thus the present series of District Census Hand could be traced from the 'VilI~ge lists' brought out book consists of two volumes viz., DCHD Part A for every district in 1901 and 'village statistics' for and DCHB Part B. Part A contains the village/Town every district 1911. But this was discontinued Directory and Part B contains the Town/Villagewi •• in 1921 and 1931. In 1941. however 'village statis Primary Census Abstract of the concerned district. tics' were brought out by then Central Provinces and Derar Government. It was for tbe first time in Part A-Village Directory contains information 1951 the practice of bringing out a single volume about the name of village. total area of village, known as the District Census Handbook, gi'Ying total population and number of hOUleholds in tho villagewise statistics and other census tables for village, amenities like education. medical, drinkina the district at the cost of' the State Government water, post and telegraphs, market day, communi. was initiated and is continuing since then. cations. approach to village, distance Crom tbo nearest town, power supply. staple food, land use, The District Census Handbook, compiled by places of r~ligious, historiGal and archaeoloaicaJ the Census Organisation On behalf of the State interest et". Government is one of the most important publica In addition tbere are four appendices to tho tions of the census and is widely used by planners, Village Directory as und er- administrators, academicians and researchers. (I) Tahsilwise abstract of educational, medicaJ and other amenities. The scope of the District Census Handbook (2) Land utilization data in respect of census bas gone considerable change since 1951. [n 1951, towns. the District Census Handbooks contained only the Primary Census Abstract and the Census tables. (3) Tahsilwise list of villages where no ameni. [n view of the usefulness of this publication, ties are available, and improvements were made in 1961 by including non (4) Tahsilwise list of villages according to the census data like climate, agriculture, co-operation proportion of Scheduled Castes/Sched uled industry, education, health etc., as also an'lntro Tribes population by ranges. ductory Note' for each district. Unfortunately, the The last two appendices have been included for desire to make the district census handbook more the first time in 1981 Census. Appendix HI will be comprehensive delayed its publication. Therefore. helpful ror planning input in areas/villages where tn 1971. it was decided to publish the district cen basic infrastructure is lacking and Appendix IV will sus handbook in three parts in order to release the be helpful for planning welfare programmes for maximum data as and when finaJised. Part A con Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes at micro level. tained the Village Directory which gives villagewjse particularly in relation to area development Don-census statistics of land use, area and amenities orientation programmes. available within the village. Part D contained the village wise Primary Census Abstlact and Part C Similarly the Town Directory contains seven contained various administrative statistics. Part A statements as below- and B were, however. published in one volume,since Statement I-Status and gro",i.D hntory. it was economical to do so as data for both the Statement [I-Physical aspects and location parts became available early. Parts A and B Were of towns. published separately in Hindi and English versions. Statement III-Municipal Finance. Collection of data for Part C was clImbursome and it took unduly lonl 'ime in its finalisatioll, and Statement IV-Civic and other amenities. ultimately this publication had to be abandoned in Statement IV-A-Civic and other Amenitiel in view of the enormous delay in its printing. Notified Slums. Statement V-Medical, educational, recreatto In 1981 census. with a view to avoid delay in nal and cultural facilities. bringing out of OCH s~ries. the part Containing Statement VI-Trade, Commerce & [ndustryand the admini:.tratJve statistics bas befn dropped. 8anklOg. xx
An additional statement IV-A il meant only industrial categories viz, cuJtivaton. agricultural lor CIa.... 1 and Class II towns givilig tbe civic and labourers, household industry aod other workers. other amenitiel in noti6ed slums. This Itatement IWlrginal workers and Don-worker•• hal been introduced for the first time in 1981 cenlus. The inclusion of primary Census Abstract relating to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Part B-The town/villagewise Primary Census Tribes at the tahsil/town level is another impor Abstract gives the basic data like area orthe village tant feature of the DeBB series of 1981 ceosul. occupied residential houles t total number of houle hold •• Population by sex, as also the sexwise popu An appendix contamin. Developn1cnt Block lation of Scheduled Castel and Scheduled Tribes, wise-'Vikas Khandwar' totals of PCA figures haa literacy and population by seX ioto four broad also been included. ANALYTICAl. NOTE
Bhlnd district, ill Cbambal division, is Mehaaon and Gohad are situated on State HighWAY situated in tbe northern corner of the State and No. 37 connecting Owalior on tbe south-west and lies between latitude 25·25' and 26°48 1 North and Btawah (beyond tbe State boundary) in Uttar Prade.b longitude 78°12' and 79.051 East. The district is on the north-east. Bhind town is connected with bounded by Morena and Gwalior districts in GWalior by narrow gauge railway IiIle which was south-west: Datia di.trict in south. Jalaun, earlier known as the Gwalior Light Railway System Etawah and Agra districts of Uttar Pradesh in and is 85 kms away from Gwalior. the east, north and north-west respectively. It lies mainly in the alluvial tract of the Jamuna Valley It may not be out of place to mention bere and its elevation is between S08 1 and 600 I above mean that the district has earned the dubios distinction lea level. The shape of the district is criss-crossed. of being the den of dacoits since ages. The region comprising Bhind and surrounding districts has 'The district gets itl name from the been subjected to depradations of dacoits, robben diltrict headquarters town Bbind. the original Of tbugs. Years of soil erosion of the Chambal ... nd foundation of Bhind town is carried back to the Kunwari have created large ravines wbich fabulous antiquity. when a great Rishi or Muni. promise safe hea ven to the dacoits. The topographical named Bhindi performed Tapa! there. A temple. features of this tract have been an ideal setting to caUed all Bhindeshwar. marks the site "f tbe this murky bunditry in a big way. Even durina the Tapas of the Muni. Tbus tbe name Bhind is Mughal times the powerful administration failed to derived from Bhindi kishi. curb this menace. The British regime could do little on this front. The able Maharaja Madbav Rao The present BhiDd district broadly Scindia's attempt to solve this problem also became corresponds ta the Bhind district excluding futile. LGwalior State. dacoits to a great extent. Though the dacoity menace Consequent upon the merger of princely States bas not been completely curbed but it has and the formation of Madhya Bharat. a Part B considerably red need. State in 1948. there was reconstitution of boundaries and thus the district in the present form was Physiography: - constituted. With the Reorganisation of States on linguistic basis. Madbya Bharat along with other The district is situated on tbe northern territorial units got merged to form the new State of corner of tbe State and can be divided into the Madhya Pradesh on lst November, 1956. Bhind following three na.tural regions viz (i) Chambal-Asan district continues to be II district of the new State Ravines (2) Bhind plain and (3) Sind-Pabu; Ravines. since then. These divisions are de3cribed in brief:
The district is now divided into four tahsils (!) Chambal Asan RaviolS: This region is viz. Bbind, Gobad. Meh,aon and Labar. Bhind situated in tbe West and north of the district along tahsil is liituated on the nortb-east. Mobgaon at the the flow directions of Asan and Chambal rivers. A ceotre, Gobad on the south-west and I.ahar on tbe large part of Bhind and small segments of Gohad soutb-east. The respective tahsils have their and Mehgaon. tahsils constitute this region. headquarteu of the same name. All the tahsil Cbambal river flov. s from west to east on the beadquarters are connected by metalled roads. Bhind. boundary line of Uttar Pradesh ~.nd Madhya Pradesh and with a leaning towarJ~ sonth its joins Yamuna Pahuj which join Sind. originated from this region. Asan rivet drain' along the district boundary towards Basl~Ji and Kanhai join Sind in this region. All tbese north-west up to the junction point of Mehg.on and rivulets hue developed deep ravines along their Bbind tahsils and then tilts towards east parallol drainage course. The maximum and minimum to CbambaI. In Ahind tahsil this river is known as hei&ht varies between 158 metres (MSL) near Billay Kunwar. The dr-ainage pattern reflects the slope village and 154 metres (MSL) near Sundcrpara viUaSe direction. There arC numl!rous stre::lms flowing in this respectively. The doob formed. between Sind and region which cut up deep ravines. These ravines art' Pabuj rivers is a tract which is devoid of ravines bavinlliarge variations in length, width and depth· and is rich for agricultural pursuits. The ravines formed along the Kunwari river are more Rivers : extensive than those along Chambal and Asan rives. Tbese ravines promise a safe heaven for the lawless The district is drained by the important elements like dacoits, robbers and thugll. A tract of rivers like the Cbambal, the Kunwari. tbe Sind, high surface area lies in between tbe two rivers wbicb the Baisali, the Pabuj. bifurcates tbe water catchment zone of Chambal and Kunwari. Tnis tract is a developed part of this .region. The Chambal: The Chambal river, Although contours arc absent but the local height known in ancient times as Cbarmanvati, riscs near varies between 159 and 149 metres (MSL) neaf Hasilpur village in Indore district. After passing Phu'Pti and Simhura villages respectively. After reserve through Indore. Dhar.Ujjain.Ratlam and MaJldsaur forest along Chambal and patches of open sarubs near districts. river ent~rs Kotah district in Rajl:l.$than Kunwari are the main forest bolts. Forestation in tbis where a dam has been constructed (on the border region is afoot to check further extension of ravines. of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan) and finally re-enters, tbe State in Morena di!ltrict forming (2) Bbind plain: The Bbind plain is situated the boundary between Madbya Pradesh and in the central part of tbe district surrounded by Rajasthan and later b~tween Madhya Pl'adesb and ravines. It covers almost entire Gohad tabsil and Uttar Pradesb. After its re- entry in to the major portion of Mehgaon tahsil. It is wide in the State the width and depth of the river increases. south and narrow towards north- eastern part. The During rains. it is a roaring torrents, sometimes southern part slopes towards north while the northern causing floods but during tbe summer months it part has a slope towards east. Bisuli along with shrinks through most of its course to a small stream. small rivul~t' drain the southern part whereas northern part of it is devoid of streams. Ravines The KUDwarl- The ri ver rises near Aichwara a.long Bisuli river are prominent topographic featllre. village in Shi"puri district flowin& from south to Monar is a tributary of Bisuli river. An extension of north, ent~tI Morena district. After a Jong journey the Signgrur reserve (orest is located in the southern through Morena di&trict it joins Asan and forms the part of the region. This is well developed tract, rich western boundary oC Bhind district with Morena. for tbe agricultural pursuits. Bhind main canal, Tbe Sincl~ The river rises at Batoli village on whicb passes along the bound ary ]ine of the district the plateau west of Sironj in Vidisha district and serves the irrigational needs of this region. flows north ward through Lateri tabsil, Ouna and . Datia districts Into Bhlnd district, Durjne its course (3) Sind ~Pahoj Ravines: It is situated on the in Bhind district. it forms the boundary between eastern part of the district covering entire Labar Lahar and Mebgaon tahsil and then takes a turn tahsil amI p,ulS of Mehgaon and Bbind tahsil.. The towards east forming the boundary between Lahar slope of the regions is north oriented with variations here and there. Sind is the main river wbicb passes and Bhind tahsil and finally falls into the Yamuna thraugh the central part of tbis region flowing from It is (.d during its course by many tributaries, tbe south to north making the boundary line between most important being the Vaisali, tbe Pabuj. From Labar and Mehgaoa tl:l.hsils and then turns towards Narwar onwards it bas a large stream, becoming east making the boundary line between Lahar and a forcetofrent in the rains and d udng tho remaining Bbind [ahsils. Its valley is wide and ravines are eight months its stream is insignificant.
more eJ[tensive, Pabuj river flowing along the eastern The Pahuj~ It is a tributary of Sind river and boundary line of the district also forms the State flows through Dada and Bbind districts forming the boundary between Madhya Pradesh and Uttar State boundary with Jalaun district of Uttar Pradesh Pradesb. Mirza and Kanhai are tbe tributaries of in tbe cast. uiii
GeoJogy - There are no particular mineral resour Peshwa's service and so djslingllimed biDilelf lliat ces in the distr:ct. A few ImaU stone qarries are Bajt Rao restored Gohad to him. fa tbe confusioa near Gobad. The 'Bundelkband gneiss is found in which foUowed the battle of Panipat he contrived lome partI toward soutb-west. The soil being to seize Owalior fort, an act which brought him shallow and often miJl:cd with boulders, into collision witb. the Marathas. In 1716 Oobad was attacked by Raghunath Rao, who was. however. Formation of deep ravines along the 'Iora- broulht of with tbe .um orf three lakhs. major rivers and streams is a common feature in this district, 'Tbe.-se ravinc. support a very different In 1771 Cbbatrapati Singh allied himself wiaf& type of flora. Thoro rorests occur over these tbe British Emperor. from whom be recejved a MIIfaJI ravines. Dronght is comnlon and frost occ:urs occa confirming him in tbe postlession of Go&ad and sSionally. Tltlls the waste tracts consists largely of granting him certain titres. drciduons trees and shrub. Crotolaria Burhia Ham. Mimosa spp., A.IMg; psenda/hagi, C(4pparis aphylla In a treaty signed in December 1779. th. Rana R.oth., are common shrub,. ,ot the protection or the British but he failed in carrying out the terms of his treaty, and on the with Faaaa- Large animals are non existing as they drawal British support, Gohad was besiezt-d by require dense forest cover which. the district is Mabadji Sindhia, who captured it 011 November 24th .. devoid of. The di.,rict is covered mostly with shrubs 1784. But In 1803 Gohad WlS surrendered tbe where smaller animals like jackal (canis :Jurens) , to British. The treaty of Sarji Anjangaoo witb Siodhia in Myoaes (HYaeM stiriata) rox (Vulpes bengalensis) the same year lert it uncertain whether GOhad Pigs etc. are commonly met with. 'Birds which are shOUld be restored to Sindhia, and it was made over &enerally met with occur in the district. to tbe Rana in 1804, The surrender of the lort of the The elimate- The seasons are well marked and Jat chief was a cause of great annoyance to Sjndhja vary between extremes, During the hot season the and almost caused breach of peace. 100 or hot wind blows most part of the day and Lord Cornwalli. succeeded as Governor GeneeaJ maintains a high temperature even at nights. May and June are the hottest months and the mercury in 1805 and ,there was some chan!!e in his poliey toucbes 45 ·C during peak summer days. With tbe In a treaty concluded in that year he withdraw his support of the Rana. Siodhja, at once, seized the onset of monsoon, by the end or June, the temperature fort, which had since remained a part of Owalior. drops a~reciably. The average raiDfall in the district is 670 mm'.· The bulk: or the rain is received in Popular tradition, hold. that Lahar is the July. AuglJSt and September. The weather gene.-rally Laksbagriba of the Mahabharat which was built by remains sultry and humid. The winter season starts tbe Kauravas out of Ioc. It was a Kachhwaba 'rom the middle of October and the ,months of Dece stronghold. Lahar was in 1780 taken by Captain mber and January are the coldest Ones, Durin, cold Popham, then so called hero of GwaJior. This wave in January the daily minimum temp~rature tract wall later taken over by the Maratha. and it touches even freezing point, February and March came under tbe Sindhia dominion. Thus it was also a are comparatively mild but the temperature begins part of Gwalior State. to rise. Independence came on 15th August 1947. The History . The early history of the district is (lbscure. The tract comprising Bhind tI istrict was princely States signed the Instrument of Accesion beld by tbe Chauhan Rajputs of th~ Bhadauria clan transrerring to the Government of Ir.dia the.- three in the seventeenth and eighteenth eentury. Bhind subjects of Defence, Communication and Foreign town was 'be seat of the Bbadauria-Rajputs, who Affairs. With thi, on 28th May. 1948 Gwalior with claim to have held it for twenty-two generations. 24 Slates and Estates were merged to form Madbya Bharat. On 1st Novt'mber, 1956, due 10 the Re In the beainning of the 18th Century Gohad was organisation of States, Ma1hya Dharat with other seized by the lat family, From 1107 to 1739 it was territories was merged to form the New State of held by Bbadauria-Rajput. who dispossessed the Madhya Pradesh and Bhind continued to be district Jat .Rana Bhim Singh. The Itana then entered the since then. llI.iv
Distribution of Area ant PopulatiOD - 876 are inbabited and .53 uninbabited. The average population or a villale ill the district works With an arca or 4,459 sq km. accordio, to tbe out to 922 as against the Slate aver.co of ,82. It figures supplied by the Surveyor General of India, follows that the villaaes in tbis district are relatively Bhind district contains 1.01 per cent of tbe total area biuer and hence more populous. The diltrict is of the State. In term!! of area tbis is the second fairly densely populated as the denlity of population smallest d istrjpt amongst the 45 districts in the State. in the dillrict is 218 per sq. kID. wbile for the State as a whole. it is 118 persons per sq. kill. Ac~rdin8 to 1911 Census, tbe population of tho district is 973.816 With 532,969 males and The followins statement gives ahe area. 440;847 temales. 807,604 persona live. in 876 villa.e. population and density In tile diltrict, tahsils and and another 166,212 persons Ji\'e in 10 town. of tbe 10 towns of the di.trict. district. There are a total of 929 viUslOS of whlcb
STATEMENT
Area populatloa aDd denlt)' ia the distriet, tah.n, tOW.I. 1981 ..._--..-_----- . ------_ ._..--~------...... ----.-.... --- District/Tahsil/ Total Poplilatioll Dcasity per Town Rural (Sq. Km.) Urben ------... ------~------.--,,__-- ..... ------._------_._----_._---2 3 4 s DhiDd District T 4.4.59.0 973,816 218 R 4.287.1 807.604 Us U .. 171 •. 9 166,212 967 I Bhind Tahsil T 1,373.5 365.410 266 R 1.326.0 283,302 214 U 47 • .5 82,108 1.72' Bbind (M) U 17.18 14, SIS 4.337 Atoda (N A.) U 30.31 7.593 2.51 2 Gobad TaMil T 1,028.2 180,413 17.5 R ],OOJ.7 IS0,052 ISO U 26.5 30.361 1.146 Goliad (M) U 2.75 20.116 7.337 Mao (N.A.) U 23.75 10, l8S 42' 3 Mebaaon Tahsil T 969.0 196.194 202 R 934.1 175,463 181 U 34.9 20.731 S94 MehgaOll f M) U 1.66 7.676 ,4,62~ Gormi (M) U 33.24 13,0.5S 393 4 Lahar Tahsil T 1,081.3 231,799 21" R I,OI.8.3 198.787 195 U 63.0 33,012 524 Labar (M) u 19.04 11 ,503 604 Mihoa8 (N.A.) U 19.11 8,670 454 Alampur (N. A.. ) U It.1I 6,211 513 Da&oh (N.A.) U 12.10 6,628 5%2 ------___.--._..------:-.--~-,-._,_,.,.._.._~...._-.__-.__---...--- ...... XIV
The percentage of urban population to total from 4 in 1971 to 10 in 1981. The new towns addedl population of the district is 17.07 which is below the in 1981 Census are Akoda. Mau. Gonni. Mihona•. State average of 20.29 per cent. The pace of Alampur and Dabob. urbanisation has been quite fast during th.: decade J.971-SI. rClistering a growth of 79.30 pl!f cent. The following table gives the distribution of Trhil is not in fact due to the existing towns growing villages according to the availability of different very fast but due to the addition of new urbJn centres amenities.
TABLE 1
Distribution Of Villages According To The Availability Of Different Amenities ------..------.- No. (with percentage) of villages havinlone or more of the following amenities r------..A..------.;_-----_~ SI. Maine of Tahsil No. of Educa· Medical Drinking Post and Marketl Communi· Approach Power No. inhabited (ion water Telegraph Hat cations by pucca supply ------viUages------road 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 11 ------1 Bhind 273 247 27 273 83 6 49 66 173 (90.48\ (9·89) (100.00) (30.40) (2.20) (17.95) (24· .8) (63.37)
1 GOOad 195 I S4 10 19S 27 27 64 51 (78.97) (5.13) (100.00) (13.85) (13.85) (U·82) (26.15)
3 Mehgaon 194 172 8 194 7 3 8 18 tOJ (88 66) (4.12) (tOO.OO) (3.61) «(. 55) (4.12) (9.28) (52.06)
4 Labar 214 195 12 214 58 16 23 40 123 (91.12) (5.61) (100 .00) (27.10) (7.48) (10.75) (18 69) (S7.48) -----..-----..------768 57 876 175 25 DilCrid Total: 876 107 '" ... 4. (87.67) (6.51) (IUO.OO) (19.P8) (2.85) (U. Z l) (21.46) (51.14) ------...
This is a happy feat ure il'ldeed that drinking There are hardly 57 vilJages out or a total of water facility is available in ~Imost a11 the villages 876 wbere some kind ofmedical institutions located. of the district. This amenity is hardly sufficient for the resident or the villages. The district is wtll placed so far as the spread Tbe amenity of Post & Telegraph is. to some of literacy is concerned as 87.67 per cent of the extent. satisfactory as 41.12 per cent of the rllfal villales have one or more educational institutions. population ia served within the cas)' reach. This is Lahar tahsil is baving the highest coverage. ie, 91.12 obviously because the villages in this district are per cent of the viUa,el have onc or more educational relatively ~igger - institntions followed by Bhind tahsil witb 90.48 per oent. Mehgaon and Gohad tahsil. are not for Amenities like mark.et or "at. comwunicatioas behind. and approach by pucca road are not significant. .t.Ivi
The only rail link in the district is the narrow A little over half the total numbcr of villases gauge of central Rly. Connecting BhiDd and Owalior having elctric connections either (or aaric1lltural which was once known as Sindhia State Railways. purposes or domestic purpose or (or both. It hard ly covers a distance of 85 kms and that too from Gwalior. All the tahsil headquarters are however connected by mctaJled road. State Highway Among tbe tahsil. Bhind is better placed it No. 27 connects Bbind with Gwalior which goes terms of availability of dilferent amenitics foUowed further north IJpto Btawah in Uttar Pradesh. Besides, by Lahar. Mehgaon and Gohad. tbeIc are d istriet roads which are now all-weather roads due to high level briJses already constructed over Sindh and Kunwari rivers. Yet there are The following table gives the proportion of about 80 per cent of the villages which are not rllral popUlation served by different amenities. accessible by pllcca roads.
TABLE 2
Proportion Of Rural Population Seor ...ed By Different Ameaities _..._,_ ------.. Sl. Name of Total Popu- Proportion of rural population served by the amenities of No. Tahsil lation of _------..A....------~ inhabited Education Medical Dr-inking POSt & Market} Communi- Approach Power villages in water Telegraph Hat cations by pucca supply the tahsil road
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ------... ---_-- .. .,-._------.._, __ - 1 Bhind 283,302 277.962 61.S10 283.301 157,613 12,910 63'.658 81,358 204,009 (98.12) (21.71) (100.00) (55.63) (4.56) (22.47) (30.84) (72.CI) 2 Oohad 150,052 14(),S13 18,599 150,052 48,846 26,934 58.845 46,812 (93.68) (12.40) (100.00) (32.S5) (17 95) (19.22) (3l. ZO) 3 Mehgaon 115.463 170.904 26.399 17S.463 21.261) 10,S24 13.573 ]2,204 116,569 (91.40) (J5.0S) {IOO.OOl (12.12) (6.00) (7.74) (Ig. lJ) (66.44)
4 Lahar 198.787 195.884 3.2, 16~ 198.787 104 ,328 36,J43 34.403 50.639 139,084 (98.S4) (16.18) ([00.00) (S2.48) (18.18) (17.31) (25.47) (69.97)
______..c. ______
District Total: 807.604 785.323 138.669 807.604 332,053 59.577 13•• 568 229,046 506,474 (97.24) (17.17) (100.00) (41.12) (7.38) (11.16) (28.36) (6%.71) -.. -- .. _-_ ... __ .. __ ..... _------
Almost all the Villages in the district nave Hardly 18 per cent of the rural population some or the other source of drinking water. It can can avail of the medical facilities within easy reach, fairly be assumed that the entire population in the the rest have to depend on other nearby villase or district is better served with this facility, Well is. towns, .About 41 por cent of the population is however, the main source of drinking water. directJy served by tbe amenity like post & telegraph As regards educational facilities in viJIages which can be regarded as a happy situation aa compaed about 97.24 of the residents in villages arc not to many backward districts. Villages having tbe required to s~nd their children outside their villages amenity of market or lull cover only 7.38 per cent of abode for primary education. of the populatioA. VilJage market or hat is an XlVU
essential feat ure of the village economy but it Although the network of district roads is tbere but is intriguing to note thai this amenity is insignificant only 21.46 per cent or ,be total villages are counected in this district This seems to be due to abnormal by pucca road. This facility ill thus availed by only topogarphical features of the district an.i more 28. 36 per cent of the total rural poplJlation residing so because the district has been subjected to in such villages. Similarly tbe amenity of power deprada~ions of dacoits, robbers and thugs supply is available in 51.14 per cent of the total which prevents people to move out freely. People number of villages which covers a population of Sererally prefer to live in bigger settlements where 506,414 (62.71 per cent). a police Station is situated nearby and daily essentials are easily available. Holding of village marker or The following table will help elucidate Ihe data given ir. tbe two tables dis:ussed above. "at may 110t therefore be feasible in small villages.
TABLE 3
Distribution or ~ilIages not having certain amenities arranged by distenee rallies from tbe places wbere tbele are avanable
------_ ------_.. ------Sl. VilJages not having the Nllmber of villages where the amenity is not available and aV'iihbJe at di!tanee of No. amenities of ~---_------A------. -s Klns. S-10 Kms. 10+lCms. Total (Cols 3-S) ------2 3 4 5 6 ------1 Education 105 J 108
2 Medical 372 322 125 819
3 Drinking Water 4 Post and 1elegrapb 522 142 37 701
5 Market/Hat 287 292 272 8S1
6 Communications 421 277 71 769
---~------.------.------.. ------Although tbere are 108 village'S where The amenity of post and telegraph is also educational amenity of any kind is not available. not adequate as about 60 per cenl of the rural but the scbool going children of these villag:e Ci:an population has to depend on other nearby villages avail of at least the primary level education in a or towns to avail of this facility. However, it is nearby village within a distance of 5 km. In matter of contentment that of the 701 non-post respect of the remaining three villages. this office villages. tbe residents of 522 villages can amenity is available within a distance range of 5-10 avail of this amenity within a distance r aoge km. This is not a bad litu ation. 5 kms. In respect of remaining 179 vtllage, They are required to cover a diltance of more than About 94 per cent of the villages do not have 5 kms. any medical institution and thus 83 per cent of the rural population bas to d e~end on nearby The availability of amenities like market villages or towns to avail of this amenity. Medical or hat and communications has already been facility to the villages is therefore not adequate. discullsed earlier and need no further elaboration. ax viii
The following table gives tbe distribution accordmg to distance range from nearest town. of villages which are having one or more amenities
TABLE 4
Distribution of \' ilIages according to the distance from the nearest town and availability of different amenities
--- - ... _------.------_-.. - Distance Number of Number (with percentage) of yiJIages haying tbe amenity of Range Crom inhabited r------"------the nearest villages in Educational Medical Drinking Post and Market! Communl- Approach by Power town(ln km.) each range water Telegraph Hat cations pucea road supply ------_------_ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ----_ ------_------_.-----_---_._------
o-s 194 161 5 194 24 1 U 53 123 (82.99) (2.S8) ( 1 00 .00 ) (12.3 7 ) (0.52) (9.28) (27.32) (63.40)
367 30 416 84 17 57 85 197 (88.12) (7.21) (100.00) (20.19) (4.09) (13.10) (20.43) (47.36)
16-50 262 237 22 262 67 7 32 SO 126 (90.46) (8.40) (100.00) (25.S7) (2.67) (12.21) (19.08) (48.09)
3 4 2 (7S.00) (100.00) (50.00)
Umlpecified ••
------~------.__-- I'otal 876 768 5'7 876 175 :15 107 lB8 44, (87.67) (6.51) (100.00) (19.98) (Z.85) (lZ.ll) (:z1. 46) (51.14) ------_...--'_.------
The figure I given in the above table reveal and it is a chance tbat majority of Iuch villages are that majority or the villages baving one or morc located within a reasonable distance within 15 km. amenities are situated at a distance range of 6-15 from a nearest urban centro and therefore proximity kIDS. from nearest towa. Generally speaking. var- of vjJJage from an urban centre has little relevance. iou. amenities become available in large villages xxix
Tbe fol1owiag table gives the distribution of 'Villages accordinll to population faDle and amenities. available. . .' TABLE 5
Distribution of 'lIIages according to Population range ...... Ities a,ailable ------_._------..... ------population ranse No. or No. (with percentage) of villages baving the amenity of inhabited r------.."._------~ yiIlaleS in Educational Medical DrinJcm. __ Post and M,uket! Communi- Approach Power each range wafu TeJegraph Hat cations by puce. 8-'p.17 road ------2 3 4 s 6 7 s 9 10 ------I LeS! than 499 316 211 ! 316 S 3 27 57 116 (66.77) (0.95) (100.00) ( 1.58) (0.95) (8.54) ( 18.04) (36.71)
500-1,999 473 471 23 473 105 1 55 95 266 (99.58) (4.86) (100.00) (22.20) ( 1.48) (11. 63) (20.08) (56.24)
2,000-4,999 84 83 29 - 84 63 15 25 35 65 (98.81) (34.52) (100.00) (75.00) (17.86) (29.76) (41.67) (77.38)
1,000+ 3 3 2 3 2 1 1 (100.00) (66.67) (100.00) (66.67) (33.33) {33.33}
------_------_ -. ------Total ,76 168 51 876 175 25 t07 ' 1&8 ...... (17. (7) (6.51) (100.00) (19.98) (Z.85) (12.21) (21 "6) (51.14) ------_----_-_ ------It may be noticed tliaat the percentage of vill TABLE 6 agel bivin, one or more amenities is highellt in the MaiD ataple Food iD the Majority of in . highest population range. This is obviously because .maces each Tahsil it is in the biDer villages that such amenities become available eitber by the efforts of the people themlcl· 81. No. Name of Tahsil Main Staple food ves locally or through developmental activities of the Government. Availability of various amenities bas ------1 a direct link with the population' and therefore 2 .higher the size.. clasl of • villap greater the amenities ----._------_-_-_ -- 1 Bhind Tahsil Wheat, Jowar available in them. 2 Gohad Tahsil Wheat. Jowar The following table give. the main Itaple food 3 Mehgaon Tahsil Wheat, Jowar in majority of the village. in eacb tabsil of the 4 Lahar 1'ahsil Wheat, lowar dis,rict. ----_-----_--- --_.. _---- Ull
Wheat is the most important staple food of the villages of' Bhind and L1har tahsiIs. Tbere i, a rice populatJon of this district. Jowar also forms the grow ina tract jn the northern part of Gohad iahsiJ next important staple food in all the tahsHs. Bajra and thus Rice forms the second important crop of also forms the second important food crop in lOme the people living in tbis tract •.
The folloWIng table gives the distribution of villages accordin& to land use. TABLE 7 Distribution of Villages Ac~ordiDg to Land use ------SJ. Name nf 1 ahsi I No. of inhabite.i Total area Percentage of cultivable Percentage of irrigated No. villages area to total area area to total Cultivable area ------_.. _------. ------_- 1 2 3 4 5 6 ---_------1 Bh ind Tahsil 273 129.795.Sl 91.866.69 26,49::!.5S (70.78) (28.84) 2 Gohad Tahsil 195 97.593.56 85.759.01 23,900.68 (87.87) (27.87) 3 Mehgaon Tahsil 19t 93,180.00 76,066.00 21.6 0.00 (8 1 .63) (28.42) 4 Lahar Tahsil 214 98,340.8S 83,742.00 18,982.00 (85.)6) (22.67) --_. ------'" ------_------... _- DistJ'ict Total : 876 418.909.92 337.434.66 90,995.2'3 (.0.55) (26.'7) ---_------.. ------_------Table 7.1 According to village papers, 1979-80. about 81 Cropping patten 1%0-61 ... 1980-81 (Perceatages)
per ernt oftbe total geographical area (leaving out Cmp 1960-61 1980-81 the area undet 10 urban centres which not sjgnjfi~ is 1 2 3 cant) of the district, i. available fOr cultivation. Cereals Amonlst tahails the corresponding percentage, valy Rice 3.19- 3.48 from 70.78 in Bhind tahsil to 87.87 in Gollad tahsil. Whoat 18.58 24.70 Jowar 9.04 7.35 The corresponding State average, however, stands at Bajra 10.57 12 07 Barley . 8.61 5.27 42.38 per cent. About 27 per cent of the total cuJ~ Other cereals and mil lets 0.01 0.08 livable area of the district is irrigated. Canal forms Pulses the major source of irrigation which accounts for Gram 28.31 18.40 Tur 6.48 ~.1I8 65.84 per cent of the total irrigated area. The next Other pulses 4·08 f.32 important sources are tubeweH (16.64 per cent) and Other well (15.28 per cent). Wheat is tbe mOlt important Rape &. Mustard 9.76 8.35 Linseeds 0.73 crop grown in the dilStrict. The table below gives the Othor oil seeds } 3.23 cropping pattern prevailing in 1960-61 and 1980-81. SU,arcaoc 0.14 O.OS Fruits &. Ve,etables 0·31 0.42 Fibres 0.17 0.0& Other~ 0.95 2.70 100.00 100.00 ------_,_....------. --- :lni
During the 20 years from 1960-51 to )980-81 there cash crops, the proportion of acreage wader oilleed. bas been a change in the cropping pattern. Among has: gone up frcnn 9.76 per cent to 12.31 per cenl the cereal crops, 'he shift in acreage i. towards wheat during a span or 20 yean. But in the case of and Bajra with a conseqent red uction in area under sugarcane it bas gone down from 0.14 per cent to Barley. Similarly thero hal been a reduction in the 0.05 per cent which may be due to its being less proportion of area under pulses. The proportion of remunerative .. area under Gram bas one down from 28.31 per cent The following table gives tbe growth deasit, in J960-61 to 18.40 per cen t in 1980-81. Amollg the and sex-ratio or urban population in the district.
TABLE 8 Growtb, Densily and Sex-ratio of Urbaa Po... l.tion in tile District fD r.latioD to die Stat.
------Bhind District Madhya Pradesh r------.A..------~ r------.A..------.. Cen- Total Urban %Urban Decadal Density Sex· Total Urban %Urban Decadal Density Sell:" IUS Popu- Popu- Popula- Percentage (Popu. ratio(No. Popu- Popu- Popula- percentage (popala- ratio(No. ),ear lation latioD Uon Yariation lalioD of females la.tioD latiou tion variation tion per of f.,DlaJe in urban per sq. per 1,000 in urban sq.km.) per 1,000 population km • ) males) pc;pwation malel) ------_._--- 1 2 3 4 s 6 7 9 10 11 13 ------...-.------
19S1 S27,978 24,060 4.S6 +20.43 4,645 826 26,071,637 3,132,937 12.02 +33.16 2,034 907 . 1961 641,169 41,653 7.43 ~98.06 5,811 790 32.372,408 4.627,23~ 14.29 +47.70 2,482 8S6
1971 793,9H 73,397 9.24 +54.02 7,071 800 41,654,119 6,784,767 16.29 +46.63 2,378 868
1981 973,816 166,212 17.0, +126.46 967 82052,178.&4410,58'.459 20.29 +56.03 2,170 884
------
Tbe pace of urbanisatioD in the district has per sq. km to 967 persons per sq. km. Tbis is been very fast during the decade 1971-S1 as tbe mainly on account of tbe inclusion of larae chunk of proportion of urbaD population bas gone up from uninbabited areas of the newly added tOWDS. Due 9.24 per cent in 1971 to 17.07 per cent in 1981. to similar caseS in the State a rail is reflected in the The growtb in urban population has also been overall density figure in tbe Sate at the 1981 Census. phenomenal (126.46 per cent) during the decade 1971-81 as againlt the State avefage of 56.03 per Ses-Ratio: The sex-ratio i.e. the number of cent. This is mainly on account of the fact that females per 1000 males of the urban population bas 6 new towns bave been added at the 1981 Census. always been adverse to femal~s botb in the district The total number of towns haa gone up from 4 in 1971 and tbe State. It is particulary low in tbi. district. to 10 in 1981. A happy feature is tbat the position bas improved Deatity: Tbe density of popUlation in urban in 1981. areas of tbe disrict has gone down from 7,071 persons XXiii
The follwing table gives the details of new A5 already m~ntionej eirlier 6 new town towns!low.1S declassified in 1981 Census. have been added in 1981 Census. These places Table 9 fulfilled the criteria laid down for qualifying a place New Town!il/Towlll declassified in 1981 Ce.lsull a8 urban. Ooe oC tbe criterion is the minimum _-______M ______population of 5000. Tbcre are however, 3 such Name of Town Popula!to n 198 1 Census places viz (i) Kanawar(1981 L.e.No. 250)., Nunhata ------_ .... __ --- (1981 L. C. No. 168) in Bbind tahsil and (3) l::ndori 2 ------_.--- 1981 L.C No. 20) in Oohad tahsil which have not (a) Added stood to the other test and therefore they do not Akoda 7,593 qualify to be a town. 2 Mau 10.185 3 Gormi 13.0S5 Tbe following table liv~s the per capita 4 Mlbona 8,670 receipt and expenditure in towns. 5 AlarnpUr 6.211 6 Dabob 6,628 (b) Nil --Declassified.._---_._------_.--.------TABLE 10
Per eapit. receipt aDd expenditure in towns ------_,.,._....,__ ------Class, Namo and CIvic Per capita .tatus or the town ".------~ Receipt Expenditure
r-----. - ----""\ r------~ Total Receipt Receipt Te.tal General Expenditure Public £Spen° Other through from all expen- adminis- on public works diture aspects taxes other dilure tration health Bnd on public sources convenienCe institutions _....------_.... --- --_..__. - - --.___ ------_-- ---_._ 1 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 9 10 ------' ..... ------.-..------V Alcoda (NAC) o 24 0.24 0.05 0.05 V A1ampur (NAC) 0.2.3 0.2.3 0.64 0.64 U Bhind (M) 32.91 3.98 28.99 34.22 ".53 8.96 9.31 0.18 11.23 V Dabob {NAC) JII Gohad (M) 43.81 30.45 13.36 36.60 5.19 16.35 3.98 ] 1.09 IV Gormi (M) 0.13 0.11 0.02 0.17 0.17 IV Labar (M) 32·23 26.36 5.87 32.01 9.67 6.50 4.05 0.06 11.77 IV Mau CANC) 0.80 0.80 0.04 0.04 V MehJaon (M) 39.66 33.62 6.03 39.S.5 7.98 20.64 7.88 3.05 V Mihona(NAC) ],14 0.35 0.79 1.49 1.04 0.14 0.29 ---_---_. --- ...... ------Total 8.94 15.38 23.95 3.7' 7.41 5.30 0.08 7.35 .------..._.- .. ------_------xxxi ii
Alampur. Bhind. Gohad and Mihona towns up yilta.,. Gobad municipaljty 11.& the hiabcst have ISp.;:nt more th"n what have they earned. Except per capita earning of Rs. 43.81 but Ille cxpcnditu:re for Bhind the excess in expenditure is marginal and is quite low Rs. 36.60 as c~Dlpared to its earnin... these are newly born local bodies. A local body of of Lahar municipa lity bas the higheu per capita of JODg standing obviously requires to spend more on expenditure of Rs. 9.68 on General AdmiDistration developmental activities which Bhind has rightly done so on public works. while on welfare activities it is low.
As regards financial standing, Oormi The following table gives the number of municipality i. the p.)orest of all. it is just a grown scbools per ten thousand population in towns:
TABLE 11
Scbools per teD 'hoas.ad population in tow••
-_- - _- -- ... _------Class. name and , ____-- ______No. of per ten thousand..J'I....- ______popuJation _ civic status of towns Higher Secondary/Inter I Secondary/ Junior Secondaryl PriRlary PUC/Juniur College Matriculation Middle __-4 ___ - _------"....------.------1 2 3 4 s ----~------_._------
V Akoda (NAC) 1.32 2.63 2.63 V Alampur (NAC) 1.61 3.22 6.44 II Bhlnd (M) l. 61 3.35 8.19
V Daboh (NAC) 1. 51 3.02 4.53
III Oobad (M) 0.99 1.98 5.45 IV Gormi I.M) 0.17 3.06 l. 53 IV Lahar (M) 1. 74 6.09 '.09
IV Mau (NAC) 0.98 6.87 5.89 V Mehgaon (M) 2.60 3.91 S.21
V MihGna (NAC) 2.30 2.30 2.30 ------Total 1.50 3.31 6.14 ------..----..... ------xuiv
In terms of the number of inltitutions per ten The foUowing table gives the number of beds in medical institutions. thousand population. Bhind town bas tbe higbest TABLE 12 average of 8.19 in respect of primary level Number of Beds i. Meclicallastitatlons in Towns institution, while Mau town bas the bighest -----.------average of 6.87 in regard to Middle level institutions. Class, Name and No. of beds in Civic: status of medical institutions Whereas the Middle or Higher Secondary level the towal per 1.000 population institutions do not seem to bear direct correletion ______with literacy rate but the Primary level does bave 1 .2 direct reltion as would be evident from tbe following ----00------V Ak a " figures. V Alampur 0.81 III Bhind 1. 73 ------v Daboh 81. Name of No. of Primary Literacy III Gohad 0.59 No. . town Schools per rate <%) IV Gormi 10,000 population IV LaMr 2.6] ---....------_-----_----- IV Mau 1 2 3 4 V McbgaoD J S6 V Mihona ------... ------_------Total . I. J3 1 Bhind 8.19 54.68 ------~------.--- 2 Mehl80n 5.21 48.06 Although Bhind is the district headquarters 3 Alampur 6.44 42.70 town but the number of beds per 10.000 population 4 Lahar 6.09 39.89 is less (1.73) as com pared to a small tOWD like 5 Gohad 5.45 38.89 Lahar (2.61). The nature of medical facility may, 6 Mihona 2.31 38.36 however, be bettcr in the former because of its 7 Gormi 1.53 37.51 having the District Hospital with a civil Surgeon 8 Daboh 4.33 36.29 as the Head. Akoda. Daboh. Gormi, Mau and 9 Mau 5.89 36.16 Mihona 1!Owns are devoid of this facility. }O Akoda 2.63 29.69 The follo\\ing table gives the proportion of ------.---_.----- of slum population in towns.
TABLE 13
Propor'ioD 01 Slum Population in Towns
----~- ... -.-----_.. _------_.. _------... SI. Class, Name and civic Proportion of the slum population Density in slums No. status of the town to tolal population of the town (per sq. km.) ------_._------_------2 3 4 ------_-_------._ II Bhind 28.52 ------_... _------
The above information bal been furnished About 29 per cent of tbc population in Bbind has only in respect of Bhind, which is a class II town been categorised as slums which is Dot a happy situation since tbe table i, meant to show slum areas in cJass in a medium lize town. It is for the civic autborities I '" II towns. There is no Class I town in tho to sec tbat the situation is not further deterIorated. district. The following table gives the most important commodity manufactured, imported aDd exported iD towDS.
TABLE 14
Most important commodity manufactured, imported and export... iD 18"...
_------_------~- Class, Name and Most importanf commodity
.A. ______~ ~ivic status ot r------___ -____ the town Manufactured Exported Imported ------'- .. ------I 2 3 4 ------_------V Akoc'a (NA.C) Wooden furniture Pulses Cloth V Alampur (NAC) Agricultural equipment Wheat {jur • II Bhind (M) Bricks Pulses Kerosene V Daboh (NAC) Ghee Whea.t Cloth m Gohad (M) Rice Rice Sugar IV Gormi (M) Rice Wheat Rice IV Lahar (M) Rice Wheat Cloth IV Man (NAC) Rice Carpet Kerosene
V Mehsaon (M) Rice Wh~at KiranB V Mlhona (NAC) Pulses What K.irana
_._-- .------
It is mostly the agricultqral products that are Singh. a terror of bis own days, who was elimi exported from different towns of the district. There nated in 1955, Gabbara, dreaded nose cutter who was is a rice growing tract on the northern parts of kiUed in 1958 and Putli an associate of Sultau Singh Gobad and Hehgaon Tahsils and as such a number worth mentioning. The mercy milsion led by Late of Rice MIlls have come up in Gohad and Mebgaon Acharya Vinobba Bhave in 1960 had cbanged the towns. where dehllskiog polishing is done. Rice IS hearts of many dacoits, some of whom had sqrrend· therefore an important commodity manufactured in ered. brought a considerable change in the attitqde tbese towns· of the lawless elements and the people at large. Though the menace has not been completely Bhind district with its unusal topography. full eliminated but it bas been curbed to a great extent. or ravines aloDI its rivers has heen subjected to The topography is also gradually changing with the s depredations of dacoits. robbers or thug~ since age. . reclamation of ravines for agricultural purposes From tbis district came the most nO'0(10US dacolts through the Chambal Ayacut Development Project. of the region. the very mention oftheir nameS revives With the pace of agricultural and industrial in the villagers, sorne blood chilling memories. Alth developments tbat are taking place in the district, ough Mansing baiJed from Asra but his area of oper it is to be hoped that social and economio cbange ation was Bhind. Ho met hi, end on 24th August will set in course of time. 1955. There were many others but the names of Sqltan T T MADHYA PRADESH \) TAHSIL BHIND "I DISTRICT BHIND
If I I 0 I j I "LII (' -:;; .... I lIJ I I 0 .I 4 I e ~LOW[IAU a:~o o ~ ~ l
I-' l) ~
~d ,,~ \ 10 ' \
REFERENCE
I BOUNDARY STATE "'-11_11- ,. " DISTRICT ... '--1-1- " TAHSIL .. '-,_._.- VILLAGE WIT~ LOCATION CODE NUMUI. [=~~=:J HEADQUARTEIS: DISTRICT, TAH~L . @,@ VILLAGES WITH PQPULATION SIZE I£LOW 200, 200-499, 500-999; 1000-4999, 1000 , ABOVE II' •• I UNINHAlIlED VILLAGES .. • URBAN AREA WITH LOCATION CODE. .. ~ SlATE HIGHWAY...... IH'I 30 METALLED ROAD...... POSITION OF TAHSIL UNMETALLED ROAD BHINO IN DISTRICT (/) ,:::.;::.=:::==:= is BHIND RAILWAY LINE WITH STA110N: NARROW GAUGE III JilUI' RIVER AND STREAM... . ~ G C!HAL ...... -~ A o N POST OFFICE! lOST AND lmmlH OFFICE. pal"o HIG~ER SECONDARY SCHOOL I POLICE STATION PI HOSPITAL, PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE,OISPENSARY .. U,+ MA:ERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE CENTRE.. . .. , NOI!-mli!U(II'~ (001 NUNII~ ij,IIO IRI NOTSNOlilNTNISHIP MARI(ET/HAT, MANDIES &,6
II lO'
@ GOIII'NEiI Of IN 011 (OPYRI~I.I'" qOVT. CEHTlAL P~ESS, BHOPAl MADHYA PRADESH .I POSITION OF TA~IL TAHSIL GOHAD If '0-1 GOHAO IN OISTRICT 21' 35' BHIND '/' IS' , vi,,," '\ DISTRICT SHIND I .... ~ ih IIIIND~ 2 I 0 2 ~ ~ I.; ~'''i.'i •• , · ,L M~ -1. ) 11iA " ~I 1'"-1 ~.' 8 ~r~'~i ~ ~, '.I, ~ ) l 10' ~l l J II , }fltIl.ES I ~ ,rT"'r"l. KILOHETRES
o " 20' , o REFERENCE 20 , " BOUNDARY,DISTRICT ...... _,_,_ I " TAHSIL ...... _._,_ VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUMBER. rI_____ i,,-l J HEADQUARTERS:" TAHSIL ...... @ VILLAGES WITH POPULATION SIZE: BELOW 200;
200· 499 j 500·999,1000·4999 j 5000 & ABOVE ... , , ••• UNINHABITED ViLLAGES...... X URBAN AREA WITH LOCATION CODE ...... _
STATE HIGHWAY ...... _I.,_Hu..!7_ METALLED ROAD ...... _. ___ UNMETALLED ROAD...... == =" ==
RAILWAY LINE WITH STATION: NARROW GAUGE ...... T • ~ i , , RIVER AND STREAM ...... ~ 'a I( 10' POST OFm/POST AND TELEGRAPH OFFICE...... 'O/PlO HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL ......
POLICE STATION ...... " ...... '1 NOTE-VILlil LOWIO~ 1001 NUN8IR 19915 NOI \ ~~OItN I~ 1~1~ "AP HOSPITAL, PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE, DISPENSAI1Y.... $. ~, + MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE CENTRE...... , MARKET/HAT, MANDIES...... &,6
GOVIRN"EN' OFINOIIIOPlRIGIII"m QOVT CENf~AL P~ESS. BHOPAl © MADHYA ~ ~ADt5H TAHSIL MEHGAON DISTRICT BHIND I,:;-. I 0 I -.14 I MilES I I 0 I 4 6 I klLOMITRES
(
REFERENCE
BOlJNQAAY, DISTRICT ...... _,_._ ...
" TAHSIL ...... _._._._
r"'-- _M __ , " VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUMBER.. l __ :!~ ___ I HEAilQUARTERS: TAH5IL...... @ I VILLAGES WITH POPULATION SIZE: BELOW 200, < 200-499, soo-m 11000-4999,...... 0." '
POSITION OF TAHSIL UNINHABITED VILLAGES ...... MEHGAON IN DISTRICT URBAN AREA WITH LOCATIOO CODE ...... BHIND Ii' ~ STATE HIGHWAY. 5NI7
METALLED ROAD I i 26° ... UNMETALLED ROAD =:::===:~ - I,t; 20' IU 1i'? RAILWAY LINE WITH STATION: NARROW GAUGE .... , _" iii" •• , (I) RIVER AND STREAM ...... ~ i ~ ( / POST OFFICE/POST AND TELEGRAPH OFfiCE. . .. lo/m '1./ HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL...... I~ 0 I~ WILES L...... &-...I 'aLICE STATION......
~rrr-1IILMTIES PRMARY HEALTH CENTRE I DISPENSARY ... . MARKETj HAT; MANDIES.. .. " ..
7i 25' 30' 50'
QOVT C~TR4L PRESS. BHOP4~ ©GCV!RiM!NJ CFINCII!CPIRIGHJ,I9I1 7/.5' 55'
H S I ( MADHYA PRADESH 8 H N ,2., TAHSIL LAHAR 2f IS DISTRICT BHIND , 0 • MLU • •1 .. i i i ..J ~ • • .IILOMU.'I
/0.. POSITION OF TAHSIL LAHAR IN DISTRICT BHIND ."",.", I ·... 1 '? f"\r? aKIND, 1,.. •.".""nlAa.\. ,_. '" • L) 15 ~ '~:}r IS'
.. 0 ;WW'LU ~ 't ...~ ICILO ..fTRU ,_ u Q REFERENCE BOUNDARY, STATE . . • ...... '" ...... _ .. _ .. _ " DISTRiCt ...... '"'''''''''''''''''' .... _._._ I " TAHSIL ...... ,,,,,,,, ...... _._._ j' VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUM8ER.. •..... [:I~~J HEADQUARTERS TAHSiL...... • ...... IJ) VILLAGES WITH POPULATION SIZ E: BELOW 200; 200-499, 500 - 999 i 1000- 4999 . •••• UNINHABITEO VILLAGES . Q URBAN AREA WITH LOCATION CODE ...... STATE HIGHWAY ...... -1!!.11.._ o METALLED ROAD .. UNMETALLED ROAD ..... RIVER AMD STREAM POST OFFICE / POST AND TELEGRAPH OFF-Iel . '0/"0 HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL POLICE STATION IS HQSPl'rAL, PRIMARY HEALTH CEIjTRE,DISPENSARY .. i,~,+
25 MARKET/HAT, MANDIES ~.6 S5 55
~01f - VIUA.r.f lOt ... TI",'1 nOf NUM8lA 191 IS NOT SHOWN :1-1 THI~ IH.P
78 45' 55' 70°'5'
© 6DVIRN"INT" '"~. CGPlIIiHI. " .. SECTION I - VILLAGE DIRECTORY
3
""12"'" gpif fr) p1 _- ..... _------~rr ~ lIlT iffrr ~.,..~« IIPl mrr 4f,,,,,, ~.~
~_r OJ.. r=- ..., flrn r=- ...,.__~ 1971 1"1 1971 1981 ------1 2 3 4 1 2 3 .. ------_------___ ...... ------... _
2}1 f~ t'l'6ti;lIP
~
I arqr 266 264 24 ~;r~J~ J26 126 2 lItMlI1~~ 86 94 3 I(~ 24 l4 ~"t 4 8f61:\ltt 189 187 . 25 11m 286 214 S II'''~~ (a'IIl"'t) 163 261 6 aJ,!;;i2;tr 56 59
7 ~~ 2I8 21B 8 artq~'Q 65 67 26 lliqu 283 280 9 132 133 8l~ 27 ")rr~r 179 176 10 8fq~'" 135 135 28 q,!~T 4 2 Jl 140 143 lIfII~r 29 IIi~U 20 2& 12 ar(~r 2 3 30 1Ii;~"r~T t07 108 13 ;q1:M\' iIiT~') 13 14 31 ~ti!fl 251 2S0 14 If~'h,"'tt:m 17 17 32 ~~T 1 1 Q~1 .5 235 233 33 ~qu 228 227 34 16'IJ' .,2 190 err 35 1Ii~1;t "95 97 36 ~T~~U 201 199 16 anlli)" .53 53 37 IlifWt$U 232 229 38 1liC'II'lifiU .57 60
39 1liQ"1l'~ 220 219 17 'f~u 98 101 40 llitlli~lf IIiT ~~, 96 95 IR fliil"':'" 275 27Z 41 1f;1",t 245 244 42 IlirllliT'J,r 61 64 43 flliZ\ 259 2SS 44 f~T 6.2 61 19 a';:"I~' 219 216 45 llii1;~~' 162 162 20 ro6'~ 3 4 46 ~~'('3tt 156 1"61 21 ;r;:j!y'\{T 74 75 47 1'('17 , 79 88 22 ;r;f;;tlli., 66 66 48 t"«if"t 2~6 242 49 f~nm: 81 84 SO l!i)z "273 270 23 3iq~ 25R 256 51 ""~. 295 202 4
m""81~ 'I1't1 ¥l 'r'1 _------..... _--.------.------Ifif ifPf ~ '5${ .vnr ""q"Pf m """ '"" II1f ifI'I ",ilTlI' "'" ~ __., ...A.. __~ U.1I1 ... ., .... , r= f 1911 J981 1911 1981
.------~ -~. -.---.--- 1 ·2 3 4 1 2 3 4 ---~------... ------_....----_ ..... _---
2/1 f'l'PI' i:le:~
78 ~r 163 163 79 ... ~~~r l.S1 152 9 10 52 .,.-m 80 'IR'I'~ 181 178 11 53 ~it 12 81 "'111>~6S ~;rlo 200 197 66- ~'{ IS 16 92 '3f.~ 287 283 (;i 'filf 21S 212 93 ~";"r'l'2:'U 88 90 6S. 'Iff;' ~16" 269 267 94 ;;;;;rI1;~" 115 J IS 69> ~~, ~tlfiWf 210 268 9'S ";~:Rr 196 193 70 '!_6Pr 271 266 96 03I1If~m 51 Sl 71 1f)!II''{ "tift; JJ4 114 9-"' ar~)'f 31 32 72 1f)ar'{ lilt lJ3 113 98 Qitt 41 45 73 ~ltlfiT, 2S1 251 '9 3fiI'~'\' 42 44 74 If)crl~' 111 J47 100 :;lf~crr~'{y S9 57 75 1fl~T"' 4" 41 tOt arcrf 239 237 t02 ;srcrt~1 71 71 10J ii&lT;;i~, 229 'Z2S H}4 GfTIf'fl 76 flf;it",l " 25 25 167 166 H)S \ilq~t 190 186 'if 106 am'): 87 83 107 ii"~t 150 14& 71 """'~l,r 127 t2R 108 ~'T~ 213 210 s
---_.. ---_.... _------..------,----"------
r= " 1971 1981' 1911 1981 ------...... _------1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 ._------_.... ----
2/1 f,,"~ tIl~ft"1
109 ;;f1-Ft 'lim"Tif 64 62 r 110 aM~ I"Tjp'Vf 124 124 130 ifli\ll'TIit 54 54 131 iflff'Ttar 284 282 132 ;:r'(req:lff 99 100 111 i'\~-u 89 86 133 ;:j't'lJ"a 225 222 112 ~i('t1!l: 288 185 134 ~"'~ 2% 23 135 ~ 175 172 136 ~,(T 240 235 137 ;rJIfil' 145 144 113 .~ ~II>I~ 49 47 84 114 fen 185 182 138 ifTmiCT 85 139 16 15 115 il1rWt 143 140 ;:rmf\''t~~ 140 ;:rT1(\'ft'~'t 23 21 116 .""fq~'(r Z89 286 ;g 141 f,;-rril" 35 3cJ 117 ir~t 262 259 142 'L~r 170 168
))8 tmTtll'( 21 22 143 IJ'IlIf"{T 110 110 119 ~,!U 144 146 144 troI~1 44 4% 120 ('ihlfif~r 43 46 145 cn:mr 178 175 146 IJ'(r 69 69 'f 147 I(f~t('~ 208 205 148 qii'U 256 253 121 ~tI'Tq'~ 202 198 149 lfl\fr 101) 107 122 If.T~r ISS 157 150 IfT;;iT 223 220 123 flfa1 136 139 151 IJTiIf H)S 105 124 ;fi;:r,!u 187 185 152 fWt~ 133 134 12~ 'll'(Tlfrr J99 196 153 fillII";:r~r III III 132 13(; 126 ~rl; 290 288 154 mlll"'~' 127 ~i!'{r 72 72 15S IJ'\IJi) 116 '117 248 ]28 ~'{t 67 68 156 If')~itft 254 157 :!1; 129 tli.J IS8 1'(t i{1I';:rT 264 2060 159 ~"'iiI~ 251 254 129 i!i1.;t .81 81 160 i\"~ 274 271 6
~"~8'~ "",1 !til pI _------llilf VI"~ .. rlf "lifT" ~)~ 1fRf"( .. tllli IIiI iIlll ~;ihr 110, ;r~~ II UilJf r -""" VIPll r---.J>-----.. 1971 ]981 1971 1981 ------_---.. _------_ 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
~------_.._------...... _------
2/1 f\r;~ ~~"h;r
192 iJl 4fW'!\' 8S to ] 93 ;fh'~~<:T 272 269 16J 'lj.'ii'liWr 233 23' 194 "!iJ~ 10 9 "Ii"li .;i 234 230 162 ~ 0 195 .~T~'U 121 120 196 Ifif' Iii) ~ir.: 279 278
J63 i(!fij'I~1:r 78 77 100 98 164 i('1!<'I'fr 197 '$I1I'¥'~~T ' 203 200 250 247 lfi5 "~, US ,,'fittr2:~, 193 192 qt;f~ 102 10] 16" 199 'lITorrur 236 232 167 "l"HI'l\: 2S5 252 200 "~ .. rri{~ 159 IS6 168 ~T,!~' 224 221 201 "~T~~ 237 .234 J69 iil'i<:T 217 214 202 tft~u 221 215 170 ifCl'T"T 68 65 203 '!~'(' 7S 78 t7t ~'U 37 37 204 'Il);f~'(r 244 241 172 ~~<: 1.34 132 173 ari~T 169 167 174 i(1f"'I1:l 45 43 ]75 ..:'1 227 224 70S 1l1Ti{'!'(r ]65 J 64 17('i fi'"{;r.r'lu 209 20B 206 "i~r 52 52 177 It'()ift 138 138 207 ;nJlJI~T 210 207 178 Ir.fn~u 32 31 20S "z",;rr 222 217 179- iTP" Ifi~f 180 177 ~..., 209 277 275 1S() .f"(T ,\ci 171 169 2tO ,,~,,~, 125 125 1 Rl J19 "8~ 12J 2] t qi1t~~, 204 201 182 f~~r 153 1St 212 "~T 97 96 J~3 ~)'(r 207 203 213 1iIlr~ 139 137 184 f~T (aJi<:), 27 21 214 "i!:T'tt~~~T 34 34 ]85 f.~~;;rT 24, 24' 215 ~.. 103 104 186 fiJ1:i1"t 106 JO~ 216 1I'R't 285 281 187 f iJ~tr
