1981 ifir Gfr'I"~) if; srr'fflt'q; i;(iI'lTlrfifr ~r<: f"~!!T'fi "fillJ'1JT:r~ sr'>!'r IT it '3'tI' Jf~r~f~~T~ ~) ~if. "fl. 'lTIT ~ru f.t;lfr VTl{ Itei 'i1IT<:: f'f~f!1T q' fJ'i'lI'fR ~iiT ~ I ir~ fq1J(1T ,,1. "~1M", 26 q'~;;r, 1982 'IlTl"6 iij:; ~~f~iR iii
FOREWORD
The district census handbook (OCH), compiled by the census organisation on behalf of the State governments, is one of the most valuable products of the Census. The OCH is constantly referred to by planners, administrators, academicians and researchers. It is inter-alia used for delimi tation of constituencies, formulation of local level and regional plans and as an aid to District administration. The district census bandbook is the only publication whiCh provides PrimalY Census Abstract (PCA) data upto village level for the rural areas and wardwise for each city or town. It also provides data on infrastructure and amenities in villages and towns etc.
The district census handbook series was initiated during tbe 1951 Census. It contained important cenSlls tables and PCA for each village and town of the district. During 1961 Census the scope of tbe DCH was enlarged and it contained a descriptive account of the district. administrative statistics. census tables, village and town directory. including PCA. The 1971 DCH series was planned in three parts Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town PCA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, district census tables and certain analytical tables based on peA and amenity data in respect of villages. However, in some states it was confined to district census tables and in a fe·lV cases altogether given up due to delay in compilation and printing
While designing the format of 1981 DCH series some new features along with the restructuring of the formats of village and town directory have been attempted. At the same time, comparability with the 1971 data bas also been kept in view. All the amenities except power supply in the village have been brought together in the village directory with tbe instruction that in case an amenity is not available in the referrent village the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place where the amenity is available may be given. The restructuring of the format of the village directory and incorporating more exhaustive data on infrastructure aspect particularly in relation to amenities and land-use pattern is expected to further meet the need of micro level planning for rural areas. It is expected to help not only in'local area planning but regulating the provision of goods and services as well so as to minimise the regional imbalances in the process of development. A few new items of information bave also been introduced to meet some of the requirements of tbe Revised Minimum Needs Programme. Such new items of information as adult literacy centres, primary health sub-centres, and community health workers in the village bave been introduced in the village directory with this obj(:ctive in mind. The new item on approach to the village is to have an idea about the villag~s in the district which are inaccessible. A new column, "total population and number of households" has been introduced to examine the correlation of the amenities with the population and number of households they serve. Addition of two more appendices listing the villages where no amenities are available and according to the pruportion of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes popUlation to the total population bas also been mane wltb thIS view in mind.
The formats of the town directory have also been modified to meet the requirements of the Minimum Needs Programme by providing information on a few new items. A new statement on civic and other amenities in slums in class-I and Class-II towns (Statement IV-A) has been introduced with tbis objective ir. mind. It is expected that this will help the planners to chalk out programmes on provision of civic amenities for the improvement of slums. The columns on Scbeduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population in statement IV relating to civic and other amenities and adult literacy classes/centres under educational facilities in statement V are also add~d inter-alia with tbis iv
view. A significant addition is class of town in all the seven statements of the town directory_ The infrastructure of amenities in urban areas of the country can be best analysed by taking the class of towns into consideration. The addition of the columns on civic administration statuI and populatiOl1 in a few statements also serves this purpose.
The format of the primary census abstract for the villages and towns has been formulated in the light of changes in the economic and other questions canvassed through the individual slip of 1981 cens us.
In order to avoid del~y in publication of 1981 DCH series it has been so designed that Part-A of the volume contains village and town directory and Part-B the peA of villages and towns including the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes PCA upto TahsiIffown levels. 1\1 the beginning of the DCH a detailed analytical notc supported by a number of inset tables based on peA and non-census data in relation to the infrastructure bas been introduced to enhance its value. The district and tahsil/police station/C D Block etc. level maps depicting the boundaries and other important features have been inserted at appropriate places, to further enhance the value of the publication.
This publication is a joint venture of the State Government and the Census Organisation. The data have been collected and compiled in the State under the direction ofShri K. C. Dubey, the Director of Censlls Operations, Madhya Pradesh on behalf of the State Government which has borne the cost of printing. The task of planning, designing and coord ination of this publication was carried out by Shri N. G. Nag. Deputy Registr"r General (Social Studiei) of my office. Dr B. K. Roy, Deputy Registrar General (Map) plovided the technical gui(iance in the preparation of the maps. Data received from Census Directorates have been scrutinised in the Social Studies Division at the headquarters under the guidance of Shri M. M. Dua, Senior Research Officer. I am thankful to all who have contributed in the project.
P. PADMANABHA REGfSTRAR GENERAL. INDIA New Delhi tbe 26th April. 1982. PREFACE
One of the most important publications of the Census are the District Census Handbooks. This publication was begun in this caption since 1951 Census. But prior to this, a similar publication was released in the Census earlier than 1951. That publication was on the title of Village Statistics and it contains only village names and total population ther~of. The 1951 Census could, th~refore, be said to represent a significant step in the process of making detailed Census statistics available down upto the village level.
In fact the District Gensus Handbook is the most important publication at tbe Census and is also perhaps the most widely used. Also perhaps this is the cnly publication used at the micro-level down upto the tahsil and development block.
The form of the District Census Handbook has gone considerable change since 1951. This is basically due to the growing demand for more information. For the purpose of convenience as well as with a view of making the basic statistics available with the data users as early as possible the District Census Handtiboks have been split into 2 parts, Part-A contains the Introductory Note on the district and Town/Village Directory. This volume will be found llseful to get almost all the non-Census statistics available at one place. Part-B contains the Primary Census Abstract.
One of the innovation of the present Census has been in terms of allotment of Location Code numbers to the villages. In the earlier Censuses the location code system was such that the villages of a Patwari Circle were found at different serial numbers. Since the Patwari Circle still remains an important administrative unit the location code numbers have been so given in the present Census that it may be possible to locate a]J the vlliages of a particular Patwari Circle at one pla-ce one below the other.
When the planning for the present census was started in 1979 the tahsils were still revivable as an important unit of the administration, the whole planning was, therefore, done taking tahsil as the unit. It was during the course of the census that some requests were informally received for making blockwise data available. Since these requests were received very late and were also received only in an infoImal manner, it has not been possible to disturb the original planning of villages arranged according to the location code numbers taking tahsil as one unit. However, additional exercise has been done and in addition to the tahsil figures blockwise figures have also been indicated. It is hoped that the availability of these blockwise data will enhance the utility of tbis publication.
It is hoped that this handbook will provide the basic statistical support to executive and developmental administration. It is needless to state that tbe proper implementation of policy depends on the ability of the administratIOn authoritIes concerned.
It may be remembered that the viII a~ewise area figures given in the Primary Censu s Abstract and the Village Directory are those based on the village papers while the tahsil totals given in peA are obtained from the Land Records department whIch in many cases exclude forest area. VI
The statistics that arc' contained in the aistrict census handbooks are the result of a massive and marathon exercise in the compilation and tabulation of vol uminous statistics. The compilation of the statistics contained in this volume was carried C)llt by 9 Regional Tabulation Offiees each under a Regional Deputy Director of Census Operations. These Re&ional Offices were run with the help of purely temp~rary staff-roughly about 1,500 Tabulators. about 250 Checkers and about 80 Supervisors. I am grateful to my colleagues, the Regior.al Deputy Directors and those temporary staff for the speed and accuracy in the editing and basic compilation of more than nearly 522 lakh slips and nearly 1 lakh of household schedules. The compilation of village directory was taken up at the headquarters and I am equally grateful to the officers and staff who have worked whole heartedly on the job in a collec tive and co-operative venture. It is not possible nor fair to name in this. The maps contained in the handbook have been prepared in the Cartographic Section of my office. However. the analytical note has been prepa~ by Shri M. L. Sharma. Deputy Director of Census Operations.
I am thankful to all who have contributed to bring this publication possible. The C~DSUS organisation is also grateful to the Government of Madhya Pradesh for having been so kind as to undertake the publication of these hand books and to the Controller. Printing and Statio~ery. Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal and his staff for the printing arrangements mad e. The inspira tioD behind this ambitious venture is that of our indefatigable Registrar General, Shri P. Padmanabha to whom we are all deeply grateful. Our thanks are also due to Shri N. G. Nag, Deputy Registrar General (Social Studies) for all the help that we received from him and his section.
K. C. DUBEY Director of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh. Bhopal Janmashtami, 31 AUI. 1983. vii
IMPORTANT STATISTICS
MADHY A PRADESH Morena District Population Total Persons 52,178,844 1, 303.213 Males 26,886,305 710,742 Females 25,292,539 592,471 Rural Persons 41,592,385 1,124,963 Males 21,266,321 613,185 Females 20,326,064 511,778 Urban Persons \0,5&6,459 118,250 Males 5,619,984 97,557 Famales 4,966,475 80,693 Decennial Population Growth rate 1971-81 25.27 32.26 Area (Sq. Kms.) 443,446.0 11,594.0 Density of population (Per Sq. Km.) 118 112 Sex-ratio (Num1?er of females per 1000 males) 941 836 Literacy rate Persona 27.87 25.60 Males 39.49 38.54 Feillales 15.53 10.09 PercC"ntage of urban population to total population 20.29 13.38 Percentage to totaJ population ( i ) Main Workers Persons 38.41 29.17 Males 53.52 49.97 Females 22.35 4.22 ( ii ) Margina J Workers Persons 4.52 1.14 Males 0.96 0.34 Females 8.30 4.31 (iii) Non-Workers Persons 57.07 {i8.69 Males .15.52 49.69 Females 69.35 '91.47 Break-up of Main workers (percentage among main workers) ( i) Cultivators Persons 51.96 75.19 Males 53.81 76.12 Females 47.28 61.97 (ii ) Agri cultural Labourers Persons 24.24 6.76 Males 17.81 5.63 Females 40.61 22.83 (iii) Household Industry Persons 3.52 1.38 Males 3.36 1. 27 Females 3.93 2.95 (iv) Other workers PersoI.S 20.28 16.67 Males 25.02 16.98 Females 8.18 12.25 Percentage of SchedUled Castes Persons 14.10 20.12 population to total population Males 14.16 20.26 Females 14.04 19.95 Percentage of Scheduled Tribes PerSons 22.97 5.26 popul alion to total population Males 22.33 4.95 Females 23.66 5.63 Number of occupied res'ldential houses 8,929,190 191,449 Number of Vi !lages Tot~1 76,603 1, 42~ Inhabited 71 ,429* 1295+ Uninhabited 5,174 * * 128 Number of Towns 327 8 ------.. --~ ------'Ie Includes 77 inhabited villages which have been treateu \\holly as urban outgrowth of nearby City/Town. ** Includes 58 uninhabited villages of 'Which Abadi Area have been merged in nearby City/Town. + Includes 2 inhabited viJIages which have been treated wholly as urban outgrowth of nearby City/Town. ---r------r------T------'·r-'------~'I/"Ioo_,____::_
\ Q- !O'
II' , 4
,
\
~ REFERENCE \) bOUNDARY STATE , "j I> DISTlIICT _._._.- 41' , TAHS~ x- HEADQUARTERS DIST'"~T, TAHSI. c., NATIotIAL HIGHWAY \_ STATE HI6HWAY METALLED ROAD _- UNMETAllED ROAD RAILWAY L'Nt, WIT"H STATION "..IIROA~ GAUGE., " ~==~.'=~'
1)11 ~ RiveR & STIltAM NAARQI' GA'IGE -i- , VnLm HAVING [,000"_ ~ WlrH ~'M[, POMITION "tMll' , ' )0 • URiM, mA WIT ~ f'(P'• 'JLATIOH SIZE tlMS 11,111,11','/ , I •• rOSY "NO nLEIl~ ... i<~ ~rF;CE·.
\ [)E/,~~ I)JlLEUl ~
RESi HOUSE, OAK eUliG.I.:.\)\~ ~K. U
I
I , I II' 4$' I' ~ 30' 71·lad ' II' .... j, ,,' 0' "I' ret !l~qQfrf"if) fa'ttJVJT ANALYTICAL NOTE
xi
NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS
This note gives the meanings and explanation could be ensured and which would provide basis of terml and concepts used in this handbook. This for analysing of fig'lres and urbanisation in the is necessary because, without a proper grasp of the Country. But it has to be remembered that the meanings of such simple concepts as building,house. urban criterion of 1961 and 1971 censuses is that household, workers etc•• it is Dot possible to appre the males working in activities such as fisbing, ciate the data presented in the handbook. Thus logging, etc. were treated as engaged in non-agri one who does not know that an unpretentious hut cultural activity and therefore contributed to the in the thick of Bastar forests with unphistered bam 7SO/o criterion in 1961 and 1971 censuses, whereas boo walls and a thatch roof and with space hardly in the 1981 census these activities are treated as on enough for two cots is not a bit less of a build lUg par with cultivation and agricultural labour for the than the Indian versions oC the sky scrapers in one purpose of this criterion. of the Dletropolitan cities, or that a central jail household as the household of the most pious and Applying the criteria described above, a list of god-fearing citizen in the State. may not be able 327 towns was finalised and it is these 327 town~ to appreciate what exactly the figures represent. which are treated as urban areas for the purpose of 1981 census. The additional Secretary to the Govt. Concepts and DeAni tions of India in the Ministry of Home Affairs sent a letter to the Chief Secretaries of the State Govern Rural/Urban : ments as back as 10th May, 1979. requesting them It has been the tradition or the Ind ian Census to ensure tbat no changes are made in jurisdiction to present the census data for rural and urban areas and boundaries of municipalities and . revenue separately. In fact, in all the Censuses through villages, tahsils, sub·divisions and districts during out the world this classi6.cation of census data into the period from 1-1-1980 to 30-6-1981. However, rllral and urban units is generally recognized. How subsequ~nt to OUr finalization of rural aDd urban ever. distinction between rural and urban is not yet frame the State Government in the Local Govern amenable to a single definition which would be ment Department notified many places as notified applicable to all countries. areas and municipalities. Such places have not been treated as towns for the purpose of census and The definition of an urban unit at tbe 1971 the secretary to Government in the Local Govern Census was as follows - ment Department had agreed to this arrangements. Similarly, the State Government raised the status of (a) All places with a munioipality, corporation 6 municipal committees to tbat or municipal corpo cantonment board or notified town area; rations. These new municipal corporations are also (b) All other places which satisfied the (oJlow treated as muniCipal committees. ing criteria. While dealing with the subject of rural and urban (i) A minimum population of 5,000 ; break up mention may be made of the area'under (ii) At least 7S per cent of male working the Special Area Dt'veiopment Authority. The population engaged in non.agricultural Special Area Development Authority have been pursuits; and constituted under the Madhya Pradesh Nagar Tatha (iii) A density of population of at least Gram Nivesh Adhiniyam. 1973 and they enjoy the 400 per sq. km. (I,OOO per sq. miles). power to function as a municipality so far as the municipal management of that area is concerned. The same criteria is retained at tbe 1981 census The limits of these Special Areas include iars.e por. 10 that comparability with the previous census tions of rural areas comprising number of villages lii
situated around the core town or village of such (i) it s}lould have a core town of a minimum Special area. For example, Orchha is a SADA popUlation of 50,000, (ii) the contiguous areas area in Tikamgarh district but there is no tow~ in made up of other urban as well a§ rural administra this area. Similarly, Malanjkhand in Balaghat 't'rve units should have mutual socio-economic links district, Bheraghat in Jabalpur district, Mandav in with the core town and (iii) in all probability this Dhar district and similar other cases are SADA entire area should get fully urbanised in a period of areas but there is no urban area within that. The two or three decades. Certain Standi\rd Urban objective of the' SADA areas perhaps is to control Areas were determined: on this basis in 197 and the future development of these areas in a planned some basic data were prese~ted for 1951, 1961~n'd manner and that is all. It was, therefore. not con 1971 for such areas and their components. Similar sidered desirable to treat such SADA areas at par data have been presented for thl! Standa,rd Urban with other urban bodies like municipal corpora Areas in 1981 also. The idea is to present ba~lc tions, municipal committees etc., and onJythat part data for those areaS tor Cour to five decades so that of' it is treated as ur1)an which is real1y so. As such the urbanisation process in these areas can be in the Korba SADA area only Korba town has been studied. However, there have been mininlUm changes trea tcd as urban and rest of the' area remains in the in the constituent units of the Standard Urban rural frame. Areas of 1981 Census as compared to those of 197J, but the list of SUA remained unchanged. Urban Agglomeration: Size Class of Towns :
Apart from town/city the 1971 concept of The urban art:as are classified into 6 classes urban agglomeratioo is also adopted ror the 1981 referred to as towns of Class I to VI. The classifi census. Very often large railway colonies, university cation is shown below- campuses, port areas, military camps etc. , come up outside the statutory limits of the city or town but Class I towns 100,0004nd above adjoining it. Such areas may not by themselves Class II towns 50,OOU to 99,999 qualify to be treated as towns but if they form a Class I II towns 20,000 to 49,999 contiguous spread with the town, they are out Class IV towns 10,000 to 19,999 growths of the town and deserve to be treated as Class V towns 5,000 to 9,999 urban. Such' towns 'toge ther with their au tgrowths Class VI towns less than 5,000 have been treated' as one urban unit and called 'urban agglomeration'. An urban agglomeration It is cu~tomary to treat a town baving a popUa may constitute :- lation of 1 Jac and above -as a city.
(&) A city with continuous outgrowth, (the Census House : part of outgrowth being outsid e the statu tory Jimits but falling within the -bound A Census House is a building or part oCa build aries of the: adjoining village or villages); ing having a separate main entrance froni the road or common courtyard or staircase, etc., used or (b) One town w.ith similar outgrowth or two recognised as a separate unit. It may be occupied or more adjoining, towns with their out or vacant. It may be used for a residential or non growths as in (a) ; residential purpose or both. (c) A city and. one or more adjoining towns If a building had a number of Hats or blocks with their outgrowths all of which form a which were independant of one another having continuous spread. separate entrances of their OWn from the road or a common staircase or a common courtyard leading Standard Urban Area': to a main gate, they have been considered as separate census houses. A new concept of Standard Urban Area intro duced in 197,1 cenSllS will also be followed for the In some cases, however" it was d ifficuIt to 1981. Censlls. The essential requirements ror the apply the definition strictly. For_example, in an constitution of a Standard Urban Area are- urban area, a fiat bas five rooms, each having direct xiii
entrance to the common staircase or courtyard Scheduled Caltes and Scheduled Tribes which by definition had to be treated as five census' boules. If all theac five rooms were found SCheduled Castes and Seheduled Tribes arc occupied by single household entire fiat wu treated tbose found in the Notification of Scheduled Castesl as ont census house. In such cases sibglcness of Scheduled Tribes Order (Amendment) Act, 1976 use was taken into consideration to avoid undue (lOS of 1976). By this amendment. area restdetions proliferation olthe number of census houses. for most of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled " Tribes have been removed. However, the area An occupied residential census house means a restriction still remains in respect of Dhobi (in census house whicb is actually used for residential Bhop~l, Ra isen and Sehore -districts): Kotwal and P1lr,po8e1, either wbolly Of partly by one or more Pdrdhi (in Bh;nd. Dhar Dewas., Guna, Gwalior. household•• Indore, Jhabua. Kbargone, Mandsaur, Morena, Raigarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shivpuri, Ujjain and HOU8eJtold : Vidisha Districts) and Kumbar (in Chhatarpur. The term household in census is defined as a Dada, Panna. Rewa. Satl)&, ShabOol, Sidhi and group of persons who commonly live together and Tikamgarh districts) Scheduled Castes. Likewise would take their meals from a common kitchen Keer and Pardhi Scheduled Tribes are still restrict- , ullless the exigencies of work prevented any onf! of ed only in Bhopal. Raisen and Sehore districts; them from dOing so. There may be a household of Mina in Sironj sub-division of Vidisha di~trict; persona relat<:d by blood. or a household of un Panika in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa. Satna, related persons or havina a mix of both. Examples Shahdol, Sidhi, and Tikamgarh districts; Prudhi, ofunreJated bouseboJds arc boarding bouses, mes Bahelia, Bahellia, Cbita Pardbi, Langoli Pard hi, sess, hostels, residential botels, rescue homes, jails. Phanse P~rdhi, Shikari, Takankar, Takia in (1) U Ashrams" etc., These are called institutional Bastar, Chhindwara, Mandla, Raigarb, Seoni and hOdSeholds. There may be one member hQusebolds Surguja districts, (2) Baihar tahsil of Balaghat two member householdl or multi - member district. (3) Betul and Bhainsdebi tabsils of Betu' households. For census purpose., each one of tbese district, (4) BiJaspur and Katghonl tahsils of Bila,. type. is regarded as a 'household'. pur district, (5) Durg and Balod tabsils of Dut'j district. (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohala Keven4' There are three types of households viz, normal, Inspector's Circles of Rajnandgaon district, (I'l) institutional and houseless households. A houselc•• Murwara, Pat an and Sihora tahsil of Jabalpl,lrl household is tbat which is normally found to be district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur tahsils of residing o~ the road aide, pavements. in hume pipes Hoshangabad and Narsimhpur district, (9) H,,, under staircases, or in open, temple, mandaps, sud tabsil of Khandwa district, (10) Bindra-Na\V,I platforms and the like. Institutional households garh I Dhamtari and Mahasamund tahsils of Raipl,lr have been explained above. Those households which district. do not fall in the category of institutional household and houseless household have heen categorised as Persons belonging to the castes/tribes mention nonnal households, The enumerator was required ed above found in tbe districts other than those to indicate in the HouseholO Schedule whe~her the where Scheduled have not been treated as scbedul household belonged to 'Institutional household' or ed castes or scheduled tribes as the case mll-y be. 'Houselels household'. For institutional 'I' was 'I lt may be mentioned here that scheduled c~n can wrilten aaainst the question 'Type of household' belong to the Hindu or the Sikh religiol) only, and '0' was indicated in the case of houseless while the scheduled tribes belong to any rel,jgion. household. For normal household, no elltry was The list of Scheduled Castes and Scheduh:'d Tribes required to be made. relating to Madhya Pradesh relevant to 1981 census Tllc enumeration of institutional hoy-seholds nall been given immediately after this note as was done ill the manner tbe normal households were Annexure-I. enumerated during the enumeration period from Literates and Educated Persons: 9th February to ~8th February. 1981. The house less households were enumerated on the night of A prrson who Can both read and write with 28th February, 19~1. understanding in any language is treat,d as literate. xiv
A person who can merely read but cannot write, is sU&es, the economic questions were"based .. on not literate. It is not necessary that a person dift'erent approaches,. n~e.y., ,l,lsual statu, alldr who is literate should have received any formal eurrent status, were ado..p«d with reference'. period education or should have passed any minimum of one ,year and ·one week Jor seasonal and fa. educatiobal standard. ' regular work, respccti'Vely. 'Current status a.pproach w.as thought to· be irre)eva~t in tbe context oLour The test for literacy was necessary only when country where usual.status of a worker is consider. the enull\erat0r had any doubt a bout any person cd to be more appropriate., returning as ~literate'. The test for literacy was ability to read any portion of the Enumerator's The above questiCllhs are in three puts WId ' Instruction Booklet and to write a simple letter. have been designed in sucb a way that Aim ..of ,all Ability merely to sign one's name was not consider. it attempts to divide the population into two brQad cd adequate to quality a perSOD. as being able to groups viz., wl'ite with understandin~. If a person claimed to - i: be literate· in· some other language with which the . (I) those who have worked any time al all during the last year, (2) those who have not work. enumerator was not falili)iar, the r~pondent's word ed at all. was taken as correct. Tbe latter gro'up consist of the non·workers. '.. All children of the age of 4 years or less were T.his information is obtained in Q. 14-A. Ha ring . tr~ted as iUiterate eyen if tbey might be going to classified the populatiO'n into' two groups, the next sCflool and h~d pi~~ed up reading and writing a fe:W,wo{ds. attempt has been to clail~ify those who have workCld any time into Main workers and Marginal workers, CI'Jlssiijcatio,D ~d w~rk~rs' by .Industrial Category: on the basis of time spent on work as weoJl .as , H ~ I • _, " _ 3. ~ • \ secondary work, if any, of the Maio workers.: If \ At the 1981' Census; the questions which were a person had worked for six months or more (180 canvassed in 'the Individual' Slip to elicit informa. days or more) he was,treatea'as Main ,woau and tion on economic characteristics of the populat'ion and if the- period· (1(. work was less tban six mont]» were as follows:- he was regarded a.s a Marginal worker. In Q. 158 details of secondary work or marginal work are (i) Q. 14A Worked any time at all last Year ~ obtained.' 'Finally an attbnpt has been made to , Yes' _--- determine whether those wbo are non~workers or ,(H/ST/D/R/B/IIO) No. . , marginal workers are seeking or are available for work. . - Q. 14D If yes in 14A, did you work for major part of last year -? Yes( l)/No (2) It will thus be seen that these questions on economic aspects bave been so designed as (c)' ii Q. 15A Main activity last year? identify flll workers. full time workers Or sea~diial Yes in 148 (C/AL/HHl/0W) workers or marginal workers ~nd non-worker.s with No in 14.9 (H/ST/D/R(B/[/O) reference to the activities during the lilst one year period prior to the date c;>f enumeration. 15B Q .. ISS Yes-Any other work any time last year? Q:-T4B. No-Work done any time last year ? The various terms and definitions used in colJecting tbe economic data have :been explained Yes (C/AL/HHf/OW)/No briefly in the "following paragraphs. C/AL/HHI/OW
Definition of work : ,I," iii Q. 16-1£ No in 14A or 14B, seeking/a.vailable for work? Yes (l )/No (2). Work has been defined as participation ·in-Afly economically productive activity. Such part ic.ipa.... ;, I The above questions were formulated after tion may be physical or mental· in nature. WOllt detailed discussion at the Data User's Conference involves not only actual work eut also eft'-ectwe and technical group. At tbe 1961 and 1971 Cen- superviSioJ:l and direction 'of work. xv
For persons on regular employment or engaged dependents, retired persons or rentiers, beggars, in regular type of work; temporary abscQce during inmates 'Of insti$utions, unemployed rpe,r.&oRs et~. the reference period on account' of illllCSS, ho-liday, They are persons who have not worked any time 'at
tempc;rary closure, '.trike etc. J was not a dis all in the year preceeding the enumeratjon. qualification for treating them as workers. Maio activity of workei-s : Persons under training, sucb as apprentices, with or without stipends or wages were also treated The main actiVity of workers has been classified as woike!rs. In the 'case of a person who bad been into four categories viz., cultivator, agricultural offered work but had not actually joined, he was labourer, household industry and other work in the not treated as a worker. Rent receivers, pensioners PCA at the 1981 census. A significant 'departure etc., were not treated as economically active unless has, therefore, been made while presenting the they atso engaged themselves in: so~ 'tconomic data on economic activity which relate to only fOUf activity. broad' categOtTies indicated ,above as again~t nine In all these' questions. the reference ~eriod is industrial cate,gories of th.e ,1961 8J1d the 1?71 the one year; preceeding the 'date of enumeration. .censuses. The nine categoFies of the 1971 ce~su. Cert ain types of wo~k such' 'as agriculture, house were...... {i). Cultivator, (ii) Agricultur,al labourer, gur ~tc;. (iii) Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting a~d hold, t·.industry , like making carried, on either thro~ghout the year' or only during certain seasons Plantations, .orchards and allied :.activities, (iv) or part of the year, 'depending on the local circum Mining, (y) Manufacturing, Proce~sing and serv~c stance. In all such Cases the reference period has ing with );ub-categq.ries-(a) At House,t;old Industry and (b) Other than Hpusebold Industry, (,:,i) Con been, the broad time sp~n,of the agricultural sea Sons preceeding the enumeration,' struction, (vii) Trade'and Commerce, (viii) Trans port,.,S'orage- ,and Commllnications., and (ix) Other Main Workers: services. The COl respondence between the cate \ . gories of 1981 and 1971 are as under- The main workers arc those who have worked , for a major part of the year preceeding the enume- ' 1981 Category 1971 Category ration. Main actitity was \ rcckoned in terms of • f, , , time disposition. For example, if a person bad I 'I worked as daily wage labourc'r (dr 4 months; as an II II ., agric'ultural labourer for 1 month and as cultivator III V(a) for 2 months, he was treated as'U Main worker on IV III,IV,V(b),VI.VII,VIU & IX the basis of total time spent on work and his'ma,in , , activity have been reckoned as Daily Wage Labourer " Cultivator: since he spent major part of his time on work in , ., this' activity than as culti.vator' or agricultural For purposes of census a person is working as labourer. cultivator jf he or,she ia engaged either as employer. single worker or family worker in cultivation of Marginal Workers: land owned or held from Government Or held from Marginal workers are those who have worked private persons or institutions for paymen,t in any time at all in the year preceeding the ennmera-' money, kind or share. tion but have not worked for a major part of tbe . Cultivation'involves ploughing, sowing and year. For example, if a person who is mostly harvesting and productipn of cereals and milJet doing household duties, or is mainly a stUdent, or ' creps such as wheat, p~dy, jowar, bajra, ragi. a rentier Or a beggar and the like who is baSically etc., and other crops such as sugarcane,groundnuts a non-worker had done some work at some time' tapioca, etc. and pulses, raw jute and kindered during the reference period, he was treated as a fibre crop. cotton etc., and 'does DOt' include fruit marginal worker. growing, vegetable growing or k~eping orchards or Non-Workers: groves or working of plantation like tea, coffee, rUbber, cinchona, opium an,d '(')lher medicinal plan Non-workers constitute of househOlders, students, tations. Alde_ltur•• LaboO'rc'r : processing. servicing, ,repau:1DB or .making aDd , I lelling (but not merel, sellin,) or soods luch as Persons working in another person's land for handlooPi weaving, dyeing,. c:arpentry~ bidi roUinl, wage. in money, kind or share have been tre~ted al pottery manufacturc, bicycle repairing; blackllllith agricultural Ja~urets. An agricultural lalxnlTcr ing, tailoring ctc. It does not include profeuions has no risk in the cultivation and he has no tight of such as a plead,r or, docJor or barber or. 'dfiobi' lease or contract on land (jn which he works. even if such professions are run at home by mem. bers of (he household. HODSeboid inctattry :
Household InduUty i$ defined as an industry Otlaer .otten : conducted by the head of the household himselfl herself and or by the meml:lers uf the households at bome or within the village in rUTal areas and only All workers, i.e •. tholc who have ~een engaged within the precincts of the ht)llse ",bere the house in some econpmie acti\'jty d urins the last onc year. hold lives in urban artas. The larger proportion who are not. cultivators or agricultural labourers of workers in a hdusehold ihdustry should consist or in household. industry are 'other workers' •.Thc of members of the househbld including the head. type of workers that come under this category The industry shotild not bl! run on the scale of include factory workers. plantation workers •. registered factory which would qualify and has to trade, commerc., business, transport, minins, con· .be registered under the Indian Factories Act. struction; political or social work, all government servants. municipal employees, teachers. priests. HotlsehbJd IndUstrY relates tt) production, entertainment artists etc. ANNEXURE I
MADHYA PRADESH
[ The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 1976] Dated the 18th September. 1976
8elaedDIed ,Castes
1 Audhelia. 35 Kumhar (in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, l Bll,ri, Bagdi. Satna. Shahdol, Sidhi and Tikamgarhdistricts> 3 ~ahna, Bahana. 36 Mahar, Mehra, Mehar. 4 Balabi, Balai. 37 Mang. Mang Garodi, Mang Garudi, Daokhni ~ Banchltda. Mang, Mang Mahasi, Madari, Garudi, Radhc 6 Barahar, Basad .. Mang. 7 Bargunda. ' 38 MegbwaJ. . 8 Basor. Burud. Bansor. Banaodi. Bansphor, 39 Moghia. Basar. 40 Muskhan. 9 Bedia. 41 Nat, Kalbelia, Sapera. Navdigar, Kubutar. 10 Beldar. S,unkar. 42 Pardhi (in Bhind, Dhar, Dewas, Guna, Owa 11 Bhangi, Mehtar, Bahnik, La1beai, Dharkar. liar. Indore. Iha bua, Khargone. Mandsaur, 12 Bhanumati. Morena, Rajgarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shivpuri 13 Chadar. Ujjain and Vidisha Districts). 14 Chamar. Chamari. Bairwa, Bhambi, Jatav, 43 Pasi. Machi, Regar, Nona, Robidas, Ramnami. 44 Rujjhar. Satnami, Surjyabansbi, Surjyaramnami, Ahir 4S Sansi, Sansia, war, Chamar Mangan. Raidas. 46 SHawat. ]5 Chidar. 47 ZamraI. 16 Chikwa. Chikvi. 17 Chitar. Scheduled Tribes 18 Dahait, Dahayat, Dahat. ]9 Dewar. 1 Agariya. 20 Dbanut. 2 Andh. 21 Dhed, Dber. 3 Baiga. 22 Dhobi (in Bhopal, Raisen and Schare dis- 4 Bbaina. tricts), 5 Bharia Bhumia, Bhiunhar Bhumia, Bhumiya. 23 Dohor. Bharia, Paliha, Pando. 24 Dom, Dumar, Dome, Domar, Doris. (I BhaUm. 25 Ganda, Gandi. 7 Bhil. Bhilala. Barela, Patelia. 26 Ghasi, Gbasia. 8 BhiI MiDa. 27 Holiya. 9 Bbunjia. 28 Kanjar. 10 Biar. Biyar. 29 Katia. Patbaria. 11 Binjhwar. 30 Khatik. 12 Birhul, Birhor. 31 Kali. Kari. 13 Damar, Damaria. 32 Kotwal (in Bhind. Dhar, Dewas, Guna, 14 Dhanwar. GwaIior, Indore, Jbabua, Khargone,Mandsaur 15 Oadaba, Gadba. Morena, Rajgbarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shiv. ]6 Gond: Arakh, Arrakh, Agaria, Asur, Badi puri, Ujjain, and Vidisba districts). Maria, Bada Maria, Bhatola, Bhimma. Bhuta 33 Khangar, Kanera, Mirdha. Koilabhuta, Koliabhuti, Bhar, Bisonhorn 34 Kucbbandhia. Maria, Chota Maria, Dandami Maria. Dhuru, Dhurwa. Dho ba, Dhulia. DorIa, Gaikl. Gatta ,35' Oraon. Dhanka. nhangad. Gatti, Gaita. Gond Gowari. Hill Maria. Kan 36 Panika (in Chbatarpur. Datia. Panna, Rewa, dra, Kalanga, Khatola, Koitar. Koy~.Kbirwar· Khirwara. Kucha Maria, Kuchaki Maria, Satna. Shahdol. Sidbi and Tikamgarh districts.) Madia, Maria, Mana, MaDnew.ar, Moghya, '37 Paa; Mogia. Monghya. Mudia, Mu;ria, Na.P.1'~hi, 38 Pal'dhltD, Pathari, Saroti. Nagwansbi, Ojha, Raj, Sonjhari Jhareka, Thatia, Thotya. Wade Maria, Vade Maria. 39 Pardhi (in Bhopal,Raisen and Schor"e:QiJ~.t'" Daroi. 40 Pard hi, Bahelia, Bahellia. Chita Pardhi. Lan- 17 Halba, J;lalbi. goli Pardhi, Phanse Pardhi. Shik'ati.'TiliAntdlr 18 Kamar. Takia [in (1) Bastar, Chhind",a~a:, !"~dia, UJ, K.arku. Raigarb, Seoni and Surguja distticts, (1) Uaihar tahsil of Balaghat district~ ('3)1 Betul' and 20 KaW8.f;'KanWM'"X.~1&r, Cherwa, Ratbta, Tan- Bhainsdehi tahsils of Betul district;C4YBUlspbr war. Chattri and Katgbora tahsils of' 'Binls~ur district, 21 Keer (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts). (5) Durg, and BaJod tahsils of "D'llrg district. 22 Khairwar, Ko nd ar. (6) ChowKi: Manpur and' Mo}ila: Revenue "3 Kbaria, Inspectors' Circles of Rajnandgaon district, (7) Murwara, Palan and Sihora tahsils ofJabalpur Kondb, Ktlond, 24' Iatndb. district. (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur 25 Kol. tab'sils~of ffoshangablid district and' Narsimha~ 26 Kolam. pur district, (9) Harsud tahsil of Khandwa 27 Korku, Bopchi, Mouasi. Nibal, Nabul, Bondhi district, (lO)Bindr~:-Nawagarh, Dhamtari and' Bondeya. Mahasamund tahsils ofRaipur district.
28 Korwa, Kodaku. 41 Parja. 29 Majhi. 42 Sahariya. Sab'aria, Seh'atia, Sehria, S-osi8, Sor. 30 Majbwar. 31 Mawasi. 43 Saonta, Saunta. 1 32 Mina (in Sironj sub-division of Vi dish a distriCt) 44 Sauro 33 Munda. 4S Sawar, Sawara. 34 Nagesia, Nagasia. 46 Sonr. HISTORY ANb SCOPE OF DISTRICT CENStJS IJANDBOOK
The History or the District Census Handbook Thus the present series of District Census Hand~ ,cou}d be traced from the 'Village lists' brought out book consists of two volumes viz., DCHB :Part A (or every'di~trict in 1901 and 'viUage st~tistics' for an,d DCHn Part B. Part A contains the village/town ~very d.1SWct in 1911. llut this was discontinued DIrectory aDd, Part B oontaitl,S tbe TOwn/Villagewise m 1921 ana 1?31. In 1941., however 'village statis Primary Census Abstract of tb.. conUerned di&tJf.ict. tics" were brought out by then Central Provinces and Blerar GO'V~[JlDltnt,. It wa~ fo1'\ tbe first,time in Part A-Village Directory contains information 19)1 tb.e. practice; of bringing out a sinll" volume ah?ut the name of village. 'total area of village, known as the District Census Handbook. gi~ing total' p~pulation and number of houaeholds in the viJIagewise statistics and other census tables for village. amenities like education. medical. drinking the district at the cost of the State Gov~rnment wa~er, post and telegraphs. market day, communi. was initiated and is continuing since then. catIons, approach to village, distance from the nearest town. power supply, staple food. land use, The District Census Handbook. compiled by places of religious, historieal and archaeological the Census Organisation on behalf of the State interest eil;. Government is one of the most important publica In addition there are four appendices to the tions of the census and is widely used by planners. Village Directory as und er- administrators. academicians and researchers. (1) Tahsilwise abstract of educational, medica) The scope of the District Census Handbook and other amenities. bas gone considerable change since 1951. In 1951 (2) Land utilization data in respect of census the District Census Handbook contained only the towns. Primary Census Abstract and the Census tables. (3) Tahsilwise list of villages Where no ameni In view of the usefulness of this publjcation. ties are available. and improvements were made in 1961 by including non (4) Tahsilwise list of villages according to the census data like climate, agriculture, co-operation proportion of Scheduled Casks/Scheduled inl:ustry, education, health etc" as also an '1ntro. Tribes population by ranges. ductory Note' for each district. Unfortunately. the desire to make the district census handbook more The last two appendices have been included for comprehensive delayed its publication. Therefore. the first time in 1981 census. Appendix III will be in 1971, it was decided to publish the district cen helpful for planning input in areas/villages wbere sus handbook in three parts in order to release tbe basic infrastructure is lacking and Append ix IV will maximum data as and when finalised. Part A con be helpful for planning welfare programmes for tained tbe Village Directory which gives villagewJse Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes at micro level, non-census statistics of land use, area and amenities particularly in relation to area development available within the village. Part B contained the orientation programmes. villagewise Primary Census Abstract and Part C Similarly the Town Directory contains seven contained various administrative statistics. Part A statements as below- and B were, however, published in one volume since Statement I-Status and growth history. it was economical to do so as data for both the parts became available early. Parts A and B were Statement II-Physical aspects and location published separately in Hindi and English versions. or towns. Collection of data for Part C was cumbursome and Statement III-Municipal Finance. it took unduly long time in its finalisation, and Statement IV-Civic and other amenities. ultimately this publication had to be abondoned in Statement IVA-Civic and other Amc:tlities in view of the enormous delay in its printing. Notified Slums., Statement V-Med ical. educational, recrc.itio In 1981 census, with a view to avoid delay in nal and cliltural facilities. bringing out of DCH series, the part containing Statement VI-Trade, C()mmerc:! & lndustry and the administrative statistics has been dropped. Banking. An additional statement IV-A is meant only industrial cate~ries viz., cultivators, agricultural ror Class-I and Class-II towns giving the civic and labourers, household industry and other workers. other amenities in notified slums. This statement marginal workers and non-workers., has been introduced for the first til1le in 1981 census. The inclusion of Primary Census Abstract Part B-The town/villagewise Primary Censns relating to tbe Scheduled. Castes and Scheduled Abstract gives the basic data like area of the village, Tribes at the tahsil/town level is anotber impor· tant feature of the neHD series of 198 I census •. occnpied residential houses, total number of house holds, population by sex, as also the sex wise popu An appendix containing Development Block. lation of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. wise-'Vikas Khandwar' totals of peA figures bas literacy and population by sex into four broad also been included. ANAl.. YTICAL NOTE
Morena district, in Cbambal division, is situated joining Delhi-Madras, Delhi-Bombay via Bhopal. in tbe nortb~wesl corner of the State and lies between Joura, Sabalgarh and Sheopur are however connected latitude 25·15' and 26·52' North and longitude 76·S2' by narrQw-gaQge of Central Railway line with 7S· 42' East. The district is bounded by Kota Owalior, the nearest City ~ith a population of 555,862 district in the south-west; Sawai-Madhopur and as per 1981 Ceuus. Ambah is the only tahsil in the Bharatpur districts in the north-west- both of d istricr which i. Dot connected by railway line. Rajasthan State; Agra district of Uttar Pradesh in It may not be out of place to mention hes:e that the north; Bhind district in north-west; Owalior and dacoity has been a part of the life in this district Shivpuri districts in south-east. Tho northern boun which bas had a a continuous existence in some form dary of the district is carved out by river Chambal or the other. Nature bas also lent a helping hand in and the north-west boundary by river Parvati. In accentuating this problem. Bijeypur, Sabalgarh. shape. it looks like a gourd. Sheopur and part of Joura tahsil abound witb forests which has extended a safe san~tuary for lawless The district gets its name from the head elements. Where there arc no forests, years of soil quarters town Morena which is situated 011 the Agra erosion of the Chambal and the Kunwari rivers have Bombay National Highway i.e. NH 3. The origin of the created large ravines which promise a safe beaVen to name Morena is derived from the word 'Mor'means the dacoits. Ambah, Morena and loura tab,&iJs have peacoek which species was found in abundance in this tlle curse of these ravines. part of the country comprising Morena district. Area aa. pop,ul,ati,on
The present Morena district corresponds to the Tbe geographical area of the district it 11,594 Sikarwari and Tonwargarh districts of early twentieth sq. km. according to the figures supplied by the century and Sheopllr district of former Gwalior State. Surveyor General of India which accounts for 1,,61 Consequent upon' the merger of princely States and per cent of tbe, total area of the State. In terms o( the formation of Madhya Bbarat, a part B State in area, Morena district is 10th in rank and o~upie. 1948. there was reconstitution of boulldariel aDd much more tban the average area of a district in thus the district in the present Corm was the State (9;854 sq. k111. ). It is more tban 5 times constituted. After the reorganisation of States Jarger than Datja. the smallest district and less than ()n linguistic basis OB 1st November, 1956, Morena lOrd tbe size of Bastar. tbe biggest district in the continued to be intact as one of the districts in tbe State. New State of Madhya Pradesh with the merger of Madhya Bharat in it. There has been nojurisjictional According to the 198J Census. the population cbange during the decade 197 ;-81. of the district as on 1st March, 1981, is 1,303,213 with 710,742 males and 591,471 females. 1,124,,963 The district is now divided into lix tahsils viz., persons live in 1,293 villages and 178,250 pe.rson~ Ambab, Morena, Joura, ~abalgarh, Bijeypur and live in 8 towns of the district. The perccntaBe ot Sheopur oC which Ambah being situated in the urban populat:ion to total population of the dis.trict extreme north and the remaining towards soutb-west works out to 13.68 which is much below the State do tbat order. All the tahsil headquarters are connec average of 20. ~9 per cent. In spite of the fact that the ;ted by fair-weather roads. Morena lies on the main district is having 8 urban units, it is 'predolDinently trunk railway broad-ga uge reute of Central Rail~ay rural in character. The fdJh>wiing table givos tbe popula1ion, number of villagt's and towns, 198).
Table• 1 Population, Number of Villages and to"ns, 1981 ----'*------... -----:------POPULATION
. "'-__"-_. ______.J>.- _____- ___ _ .... ~ No.of Villages No. ',' Total Rural Urban: " ' ,---...A..-.--, of S1.., r-~---"--~~~ r-----..A...-- ---.., ,-_-;-A__ _;;_-.., Total - Inha. Towns P M F P M _ F . P . M ,F ~. , bited ------,------_..-~....,_._---- 2 3 4 s 6 7 8 9 , 10 :tt ,12 ] 3 _' 14 ------_.. _------~- --_.. _------Ambah 270.760 147',718 122,982 253;319 138,175 115,204 17,381 - 9,603 7,178 152 145
~2 Morena 277,154 15,4,509 122',645 193,1)95 108,545 85,450 1'13)59 45,964 37,1!);- ISO 179 2
:3 Joura 227,014 125,740 101,214 2[1,274 111,087 94,1117 15,740' 8;65~ -7.087 245 228 1
4 Sabalgarh 204,636 111 213 93,423 117,117 96,415 81 ,24~ 26,919 14,738 12,181 2~9 2!3 2
5 Bijeypur 109,506 59,115 50, ~91 101,552 ' 54,848 46,704 7,954 4,267 3,687 222 180
6 Sheopur tI4,143 J 12,387 101,756 187,046 98,P.55 88,991 27,091 14,332 n,765 385 338
-~------Total; District 1,~03,113 710,742592,4'711,124,9631613,185 511,778 178,25Q 97,557 80,693 1,423 t,293 I ...... _------Ther'e-are.l,423 village' in the district in 1981 The density of population of th~ district works .as against-I',425 in 1971. The difference of 2 ~ilIages out to ll2 persons per sq. km. as ag_aj~st - ~he State, ia due-tO tbe ffiet that Bamor (1971 L. C. No. 169 in average of 118 persons per sq. km., All far the tahsils, Morena tar..it) and' Kailaras (.1~)'71 L. c. No. 190 in the area, dens.ity and pel.centage.of urban population ISabaJgarh tahsm have been t,eated as tolVp in 1981 to total popUlation are given in the follow_ing taole:- CensUs anti as such these villages have been excluded Table 1.1 (rom tbe 0'{ 'vilJages in 1981. Area, density and percentage of urban population li'e \ \, . ,'. to tptal population , There are t ,293 inhabited villages in the district -_------....__---_ in 1'981 as against' 1.253 in '1971. The increase in the SI. Tahsil Are~lt in Density Perqer:ttage 'number' of inhabited villages'is due to the, fact that No. sq.km. per of urban sq. km. populatil'in as many, at' 42 depopulated' villal!?s of 191 J have become popUlale
The area comprising' Ambah, Morena, ]oura district headquart~rs town Morena in it, all the and part of Sabal,arb is. generally pla;in and is tahsils are predominentiy rural. relatively ~epsey populated, whereas Bijeypur and Sheopur are hilly tract and are therefore less The following table gives the classwise classi populous. Except for Morena tahsil, which hall the fication of towns in the district:-
Table 1.2
__.---...... -~:...}------... - ... ------Size-class Location Name of town Population of Population in tahsil r------~------~ Persons . Mi.les Fetl'la.lea
--... ------~~------"'00;---'-- .,.;,.------, 3 ------2 4 5 6 Class II (50,000-99,999 ) Morena . ¥orena (M) 69,864 38,642 31,222 Class iII (20,000-49,999) Sheopur Sheopur (M) 27,097 14,332 12,765 Class IV (10.000-19,999) Ambah Ambah (M) 17,381 9,603 7,778 Sabalgarh Sabalgarh (U. A. ) 17,188 9,386 7,802 Joura JOlJ.a (U .A.) 15,740 8,653 7,087 MoreD
2. Joura U.A· 15,740 8,653 7,087 (i) Joura (M) 14,805 1l,120 6,685 (ii) Sankra (O.G.) 443 261 182 (iii) Alapur (0. G.) 492 272 220
-_------___,-.------.--- uiv
Of th~ 8 towns jn the district Sheopur and throughout ever since it became a town in 19U. It Sabalgarh are towns since 1901; Morena since 1911; was not evt'D a tahsil headquarter. tiU 1913. It· ..as Ambah since 1931 and Bijeypur since 1961. As far in 1923 that the tahsil he~dquarters w~s shifte~ ,iro'm Joura, it wat treated as a town for the first time Nurabad to MorrJ)a and soon after as dj_t.rict in 1931 and continued as such in 1941 but got headquarters because of itS situation and excellent declassified in 1951 as it did not qualify the criteria Communication. It is situated on the main railway laid down for tbe purpose. Again in 1961 trunk route and also on the Bombay - Agra National Joura was treated as a town and is continuing Highway, i.e •• NH 3. ,inee then. Damor and KaiJaras are new towns added rOt the first time in 1981. Morena is the only town The following table gives the decadal change in the district which hal bad an accelerated srowth in distribution of population.
Table 2
Decada. Cllaage in Distribution of Population -.------._------Population ,..------___.A.. ______--. tercenlage decadaJ 1971 1981 Variation ( 1971-81 )
,-___ .A.. ____~ Sl. Name of r-----.A..----~ r-----..A.-·---~- ~ No. Tah'il Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total RUf'l1 Urban ------,r--.------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 t
._.-~------_-... ------
Ambah Tahsil 205,503 194,851 10.652 270,760 253,379 17,33 J +31.75 +30.04 +63.17
2 Morena Tahsil 206,290 161,38:' 44,901 277,154 193,995 ~3,159 +34.35 -1-20.20 +85.21
3 Joura TahSil 174,750 164,436 10,314 227 ,Oil 211,274 15,740 +29.91 +2S.48 +52.61
4 Sabalgarh Tahsil 155,807 144,892 10,915 204 ,636 177,717 26.919 -1-31.34 +~2.65 -\-146.62
5 Bijeypur Tah5il 84.206 77,068 7,!38 109,506 101,552 7,954 +30.05 +31.77 +!1.43
6 Sheopur Tahsil 158,782 ) 39,705 19,077 214,143 187,046 27,097 +~4.87 +33.89 +42. 0 4 ______--.\.. ______w_._. __
Total: District 91S,331 18l,341 102,997 1,303,213 1.124,963 171,250 +32.16 +27.S0 +73.06
~----- .. ----~------_....,..------xxv
The district has registucd a growth-rate of 32.26 which is the lowest among the 45 di.tricts in the per cent during the decade 1971-81 which is an all State, but the unprecedented growth of the popula time high since 1901. There has, however, been a tion during the decade does not appear to be due to fall in tbe decadal' gtowth-rate of popUlation from natural increase. There has been a large scale influx 28.67 per cent duringl961-71 to 25.15 per cent in 1971- 81 for tbe State as a whole, whereas the district has of population in this district due to tbe brisk constru continued to record an upward tread Jrom 25.79 per ction activities of the Chambal Ayakat Developmeii t centin 1-9'1-71 to 32.26, per cent during 1971-81. It is going on'in tbis area. Sheopur tahsil hal recorded tbe no doubt true that the response by the pe,!ple towards highest growth·rate of 34.87 per cent followed by family welfare prpgrammes in this district bad been Morena and Ambah tahsils with 34.35 per cent and rather poor as would be evident from the fact that 31.75 per cent respectively. I the performance of sterilisation since inception of the scheme tiIJ 1980-81 was only 24,854 as quoted by tbe The following table gives the decadal growtb Family Planning Department. The sterilisation rate of population of the district since 190);- per 1,000 P9Pulation tbus works out to 19.10
Table 2.1
DecadaJ growth of popol.tio~ since 1901
------Census Population %Decadal year growth-rate ------_... ------1 2 3 ------_.. ------.. _-- 1901 512,163 1911 504,943 1. 41 19:21 461,400 8.62 1931 506,5:26 + 9.78 1941 574,492 +.1 3.42 1951 633,581 +'0.29 1961 783,348 +23. 64 1971 985,338 +25.79 1981 1,303,213 +32.26
------The 1911-12 decade proved even worse, The The district suffered heavy loss of pOpulation district was gripped with plague-epidemic during the during tbo decades 1901-11 and 1911-21. The loss early years of the decade and later the fatal inHuenza in population in the former dc-cade was mainl~ due epedemic of lY19-20, Nature's cruel spell took more than its fate share which literally decimated the to severe famine of 1905-1906 which was preceded by r;opulatiOD. It is after 1921 that tbe dhtrict was free a severe frost in 1904-1905. This resulted ill a Jarger (rom such upheavals and the population became number of people miarating to Guna, Shivpuri and stable. Thereafter the increase in the popUlation Vidisha districts which were not affected by this was steady. The post 1951 period bas noticed a calamity. sh'lfp increase in population of the district. nvi.
The Jollowina table &ive, the distribution of villages by population rangcs:-
T.ble Dlatribation of vllla&es ------_,._.__.-_------_------. , , Morena District Ambah Tahsil Morena Tahsil Joura Tahsil Range of r-:---.A.-- -~ r---""'_---~ r- . ,Jt... ___~ t~ F • ,..-----.A..-.:.--""'"' Population No. of Percentage No. of Percentage No. of Percentage No. of Percentaao villages in villages in vi Jla ges in villaaes in each range each range each range each range ~...___,~~------___. - ___..-_ .. _------.-..._------1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ------_------~--- .. ---.------Less than 200 206 lS._93 7 4.83 11 6.15 29 12.72
200-499 370 28.62 15 10.34 41 22.90 54 23.68
500-1,999 591 45.71 81 55.86 102 56.98 It 8 51.75
2,000-4,999 113 8.74 36 24.83 2.4 13.41 2S 10'97
5.000-9.999 11 0.85 4 2.76 0.56 2 0.88
10,000+ 2 0.15 2 1.38 .. ------Total 1,293 100.00 145 100.00 179 100.00 228 100.00 ------.------Majority ofthe villages in the district are in districts of the State. the popuJation range 500-1999 which account for In respect of tahsils, Ambab, Morena and Joura 45.71 per cellt of the total number of villages. The are having relatively more large-sized Villages wbereas average population pet village in the State works out Bijeypur and Sheopur tahsi)s ha ve relatively more to 582. Ifwe take this as tbe standard,' tben the small sized villages. The existence of large-sized district is found to be characterised with large-sized villages in the former tahsils is due to the fact that .Villages which is a peculiar feature of the n'Jrtbern the terrain is generally plain in them while in the xxvii
3 by population ranges
------_._------SabaJgarh Tahsil Bijeypur Tahsil Sheopur Tahsil ,-----_.A.._____ --.. ,-___ -..A..-____--.. , ____.A.. ______--.. Range of No of Percentage No. of Percentage No. of Percentage population vIllages in vi lJages in vdlages in each range each range each range ------10 11 12 13 14 IS ------.------23 10.31 56 31 . 11 80 23.67 Less than 200
75 33.63 58 32.22 127 37.57 200- 499
111 49.78 58 32.22 121 35.88 500--1.999
12 5.38 8 4.45 8 2.37 2,000-4,999
2 0.90 2 0.59 5,000-9,999
10,000+ -_._------_.. _-- -- 223 100.00 180 100.00 338 100.00 Total ---~------_... -----~------latter tabsils which have more hilly tracts, a village L. C. No. 134 populatjon 13.243). Although both of has to be small bacause of the cultivable land around them fulfilled the minimum population criterion of it may be limited. There alePorsa ( 1981 1981 Census. . xxviii
The following table gives the distribution of viJIages by density:-- Table
Distribution of VlIIages ---_._------_.------Morena District Ambah Tahsil Morena Tahsil Joura Tahsil ,-_-_..A..__ - -, ,--__.A- __ -, Ranse of ,------"- --~ ,-----"- - ---, Density Total No. Percentage Total Nr>. Pc rce"tlj.ge Total No. Percentage Total No. Pergentage per sq. km.) of vii lages of villages of viHa$es of villases , in each range . in each ranlle in each range in each range ----_._--_------~--- . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 .------.. - __ ... _-._-----_._
I Less than-10 69 5.34 13 5.70
11-20 54 4.18 2 1.12 3 1.32
140 10.83 21--50 2 1.38 5 2.79 " 16 7.02 51-100 232 17.94 6 4.14 22 12.29 27 11.84
101-200 400 30.93 44 30.34 82 45.81 70 30 70
201-300 248 .19.18 48 33.10 47 26.26 62 27.19
301-500 , J 24 9.59 38 26.21 18 10.05 32 1'4.04
501+ 2(; 2.01 7 4.8~ 3 1. 68 5 2.19 --.------_._.. -..------
Total .1,203 100.00 145 100.00 179 100.00 228 100,00 ------_------4
by d-:nsity
------Sabalgarh Tahsil Bijeypur TahsiJ Sheopur Tahsil r--:--_..A..- ---. r-----_.A..----~ r------"-- - -- ~ Total No. Percentage Total NO). Percentage Total No. Percentage Range of of villages ' of villages of villages Density in erch range in each range in e.lch range (per sq.km) -_-_ ------~------_._-- 10 11 12 13 14 15 ----_ ------~------_._---
3 I .34 32 17.78 21 6.21 Less than-l 0
2 0.90 17 9.44 30 11.87 11-20
13 5.83 40 22.22 64 18.9J 21-50
24 10.76 46 25.56 107 31.66 51-100
71 31.84 38 21.11 95 28.11 101-200
70 3 1.39 6 3.33 IS 4.44 201-300
32 14.35 O. 56 3 0.89 ~01-·500
8 3.59 3 0.89 501+ ------_-_------
223 100.00 180 100.00 338 100.00 Total -_ -----_------_.------xxx
It is interesting to note that as the density range villages in the district lie in the density range 101-200· increases till it reaches the range 101·200 persons per This range alone covers about 31 per cent of tbe total sq. km, the number of villages falling under each is villages in the district. Another 30 per cent of tbe found to be increasing and thereafter with the villages have a density more than 200 persons per increase of the density range. the number of villages sq. kIn. in each. It may be seen that Morena district falling under each tends to decrease. Thus most of the bas more densely populated villages.
Table
ProportioD of &heduled Cutes pop. ------Percentage range Morena Dist rict Ambah Tahsil Morena Tahsil Joura Tabsll of Scheduled Caste~ r-~--.A.--~ ,----.A.-~ ( __-...A._~ r""---A...--~ population No. of Percen- No. of Percen- No. of Percen· No. of Percen- to total population villages tage villages tage villages tage viUages tage in each in each in each in each range range range range
2 3 4 5 6 7 9
Nil 280 21.66 8 5.52 29 10.20 52 22.81
0-5 123 9.51 8 5.52 18 10.06 20 8.77
6-10 111 8.58 16 11.03 22 12.29 17 7.46
11-15 122 9.43 14 9.66 13 7.26 17 7.46
16-20 152 11.76 25 17.24 19 10.61 24 10.52
21-30 223 17.25 27 18.62 40 22.35 53 23.24
31 and above 282 21.81 47 32.41 38 11. 23 45 19.74 ------_------_._------
Total 1,293 100.00 145 100.00 179 100.00 228 100.00
.... ------_... _------In the tahsils, Ambah, Morena, Joura and lower d eDsity ranges. Sabalgarh tahsiJs, which ahow largest proportion of villages in the higher denlity range are obviously The following table gives the proprotion of because of their being situated in the plain country, scheduled castes population to total population in while Bijeypur and Sbeopur being mostly hilly the villlges:- have relatively large proportion of villages in the
5
tiOD to total population in the villages -----..------_------Sabalgarh Tahsil Bijeypur Tahsil Sheopur Tahsil Percentage range
, ____ ..A.. ____ ~ ,---__ -A.____ --.. ,----__ ..A.. ____ """"") of Sehedul ed Castes No. of Percen- No. of Perce Ii- No. of Percen- population villages tage villages tage villages tage to total popUlation in each in each in each range range range ------_------_._----_--.. ------10 11 12 13 14 15 1 ------.~------_------.. _-
35 15.69 74 41. 11 82 24.26 Nil
13 5.83" 15 8.33 49 14.50 0-5
22 9.87 10 5.56 2 .. ! 7.10 6-10
32 14.35 15 8.33 31 9.17 11-15
27 12. 11 14 7.78 43 12.72 16-20
43 19.28 18 10.00 42 12.43 21- 30
51 22.87 34 18.89 67 19.82 31 and above _------.------
223 100.00 180 100.00 338 100.00 Total
----~------xxxii •
The percentage of sCheduled castes population number of villa!", in the district. It is ~ in~re~*ing in villages. to total rural population of the district to note tbat exvepa. for th.1 low,est range }jlJ,.· 0..5,; wotks out -to 20.46 as against the State average of with the increase in the percentale range, the·null\ber 14.52 per ·cent. Altbough the northern districts of of vilJage. falling under each keeps on incre~jng. the State are characterised with greater conccn'ration This is an indicatiOn' of the fact that a. the villages. of sched uled castes population, yet there are as many grow in size, the scheduled castes population al10 as 280 out of a total of 1,293 villages in the district whicb do not have any scheduled castes population increases more or less proportionately as would be in them. This accounts for 21.66 per cent of the total evident from the following figures.
Table 5.1
Number of fmages. population and sdJeduled castes by population ra~ge of 'illages
------.. ------~--.- Population No. of Total Rural Scheduled %of Scheduled Range Villages Population Castes Castes to total rural population ------_------_._---- 2 3 4 s ---,_ ------...... ------_------
Less than 200 206 23,036 2,508 10.89
200-499 370 125,892 23,992 19.06
50C~999 376 266,684 54.230 20.33
1 ,000-1 , 999 215 297,127 63,603 21.41
2,000-4,999 10 322,751 68,972 21. 37
5,000-9,999 11 65,894 13,224 20.07
10,000+ 2 23,579 3,691 15.65 ------.------
Total 1,193 1. U4,963 230,220 ------.. ------_--
By and large a similar pattern or distribution seems to be due to their being hilly and abound wjth of scheduled castes population in villages obtains forests which tract is more ideal abode for sched uled among the tahsils, but Bijeypur and Sheopur tahsil. tribes and thus these two tahsiIs have in fact greater have relatively large number of viJIages which do not concentration of this community. have any scheduled castes population in them. This xxxiii
The following table gives the proportion of scheduled tribes population to total population in the villales. TabJe 6
Proportion of Schecloled T,ibes Popolation to Total Population in the ,mages ------Percentage Range Morena District Ambah Tahsil Morena Tahsil Joura Tahsil of Scheduled Tribe ,..-__ .--A.._-----. ,..--__..A-- __--. ,..-----"- --~ ,..-----"----~ population to No. of Percentage No. of Percentage No. of' Percentago No. of Percentage total population villages villages villages villages in ~ach in each in each in ea~h range range range ril-nge ------.------_- .J 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 -_------Nil 905 69.99 142 97.93 169 94.41 204 89-47
0-5 90 6.96 :3 2.67 10 .5.:59 5 .~ ; 2.19 6-15 48 3.71 7 3.07 16-:- 5 2b 2.01 0.44 26-35 34 2.63 2 0.8'8 36-50 36 2.79 2 0.88 51 and above 154 11.91 .. 7 3.07 ------... ------Total 1,293 100.00 145 100.00 179 100.00 228 100.00 ------:-- --_-----_---- Table 6 Concld.
----~------SabaJgarh TllhsiI Bijeypur T;lnsil She:>pur Tahsil Percentage Range ( ___.A.. ___~ ( ___ A_-_~ (------"-----~ of Schedul ed Tribes No. of Percentage No. of Percent -ge No. of Perce~tage population to villa.ges villages villages total population in each in each in each range range range ....-_ ------..------.------10 11 12 13 14 15 ------195 87.44 69 38.33 126 37.28 Nil 16 7.17 16 8.89 40 11.83 0-5 3 L35 16 8.89 22 6.51 6-15 2 0.90 10 5.55 13 3.85 16-25 4 1.79 12 6.67 16 4.73 26 ..... 35 7 3.89 27 7.519 36-50 3 1. 35 50 27.7~ 94 27.81 51 and above ------180 100.00 338 100.00 Total ------_._------223 100.00 xxxiv
Th. percenta,e of scbe~uled tribes population is only in 3 out oJ '145 village's in Ambah tahsil and 10 living in villages to total rural population of the out of 179 villages in Morena tahsil where: the, Ithe district works out to 5.98 as against the State average dUled tribes are found to be inhabiting. Bijeypur and of 27.78 percent. A noteworthy feature of the northern Sheopur tahsils have, however, heavy concentration districts of the State is that the concentration o( scbe of"scheduled tribes population. Bijeypur tahsil conta duled castes population is relatively high and that ins J 8.14 per cent of scheduled tribl's in villages where of scheduled tribes is correspondingly very low. It is as Sheopur tahsil has as higb as 23.09 per cent. The interesting to note that there are about 70 per cent of figures in the above table' do not indicate any pattern the villages in-the district which do not have in them so far as tbe distribution of scheduled tribes popula any scheduled ·tribes population. Ambah, Morena. tion in villages is concerned, but the fact remains tbat Joura and Sabalgarh tabsil. have in each vory scanty smaller villages ba ve relatively greater concentration population of scheduled tribes. The proportion of of scheduled tribes population as would be evident scheduled tribes POPulation in rural areas of tbese from the following figures. tabsils works out to Jess then 2 J?er cent in each. It
Table 6. 1
Distribution of "mages, population, scheduled tribes by population range of 'fillages ------_------_.------Population No. of Total rural Scheduled % of Scheduled tri bes l\ange villages population Tribes popUlation ___ r ______._...._. ______
2 .3 4 5 ------._------... ------~-----
-L~ss lhlln 200 206 23,036 6,514 28.28
200 - 499 370 12S,S92 19,1.14 15.18
500 - 9~9 376 266,684 21,918 8.22
], (\00 -1',999 215 297, 12'7 1-2,315 4.14
2,000 -4,999 113 322,751 4,876 1.51
5,000 ~9,9g-9 11 65,894 2,468 3.75
10,000+- - 2 23,579 24 O. to ---_ ------_------_------. Total 1,293 1,124,963 67,229 5.98 .....------.. --._ ------~------lUlV
It may be seen from the above figures that as The followin! table gives the proportion of the villages grow in size the scheduled tribes popula. schedulej castes/scheduled tribes population in tion does not increase in that proportion. towns :-
Table 7
Proportion of Scheduled Castes IScheduled Tribe. population in towns
Name of the I Total Total Percentage of Percentage of Town Total Scheduled Scheduled Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes population Castes Tribes population to total population to Population ------Population population total population 1 2 3 4 5 6 ------.------A"ubah 17,381 3,129 52 18.00 0.30
Bamor 13,295 3,738 1 t 28.11 0.08
Bijeypur 7,954 t,211 58 15.22 0.73
Joura 15,740 2,087 67 13.26 o 4 2
K!'ilaras 9,731 1,957 36 20.11 0.37
Morena 69,864 14,009 17 t 20.05 0.24
Sabalgarh 17,1118 2,765 71 16.09 0.41
Sheopur 27,097 3.067 872 11. 32 3.22 ------._------__;.-.,;_ ·Total 178,250 31.963 1,338 17.93 0.75 ------_.------
The scbeduled castes population in towns are due to the job apportunities available in the Cement generally engaged in their traditional jobs who serve Factory located in the town and also in stone quarries the population in towns. The highest proportion of in the vicinity. The scheduled tribes living in towns • ch.duled castes population in Bamor appear to be are, however, negligible in number and proportion . xx!vi
Th e following table gives the literacy rate by population ranges of villages.
Table
Literacy rate by population
------...... ------Range of Morena Distri ct Ambah Tahsil Morena Tahsil Joura Tahsil ,.___ ..A.-_--. ,.___ .A. ___ ~ ,-___..A.- __ , popuJation r----..A..---~ No. of Literacy No. of Literacy No. of Literacy No. of Literacy viIJages in rate viUages in rate villages in rate villages in rate each range each rang<} each J;ange each range
----~------_------1. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
------~ Less then-200 206 9.39, 7 26.03 11 23.41 29 12.24 200-499 370 15.21 15 26.28 41 18.42 54 17.41 500-1,999 59! 20.69 81 28.50 102 22.21 118 23.00 2,000-4,999 113 26.09 36 29.29 24 25.82 25 25.12 5,000-9,999 11 27.75 4 31.94 27.64 2 24·34 10,000 + 2 39.86 2 39.86 ._------_------Total 1,293 22.21 145 30.Hi 179 23.36 228 23.15 ------_------_ ------It may be noticed that as the range of popula Among the tahsils, Ambah has attained a much tion increases, the literacy rate is found tt'J be increa better position. Even in villages having population sing in village. falling under them. It follows that as less than 200, the literacy rate i. found to be 26.03 the vilJages grow in size, the literacy rate keeps on percent. In all other higher ranges it is higher than increasing. This is obviously because educational this. It is a very happy feature indeed. Villages in facilities become more available in bigger villages. Morena, loura and Sabalgarh tahsils are not far behind but the position in Bijeypur and Shcopur More than SO per cent or the villages in the district tahsBs is somewhat bleak which seems to be due ~o have attained literacy rate of an average of 20 their containing relatively higher proportion of per cent. scheduled castes and scheduled tribes population. 8 ranges of "mages,
..-.------Sabalgarh 'fahsil Bijeypur Tahsil Sheopur Tahsil Range of r---- ..J>... ____-"'\ r------'------. ,-----..J>...-__--. population No. of Literacy No. of Literacy No. of Literacy villages in rate villages in rate villages in rate each range each ran&,e each range ------~------::------11 ------12 13 ]4 IS 23 {6.83 56 5.13 80 5.32 Less then-200 75 19.28 58 12.09 127 10.80 200-499 111. 20.70 58 13.21 121 13.20 500-1,999 12 23.96 8 25.50 8 18.40 2,000-4,999 2 23.56 2 26.49 5,000-9,999 10,000 + ----,------_------_.. _-- __. .------21.23 180 15.35 ---.------:----223 ------338------..- 13.85 Total The following table gives the literacy ra.tes for Literacy is generally associated with urbanis towns: ation. Greater tbe urbanisation of an area, bigher Table 9 is the literacy rate found there. Morena having the Literacy rates for to"DS highest literacy rate of 52.67 per cent whicb being ------the district headquaters t~1Vn with about 40 per cent Name of the Town Literacy rates of the total urban population of the distr,ict. Ambab _--'------.. ------town with relatively much smallu popUlation than 1 2 Sheopur is the second highest witb 49.79 per cent
AIlJ.bah 49.79 literacy rate. Bantor 37.58 Bijeypur 36.74 Joura 45.01 Kailaras 3B.73 Mort'na 52.67 Sabalgarh 44.77 Sheopur 43 .. 83
------All Towns 47.01 --.------~------f The following table gives the literates, workers, Don-workers, scheduled castes/scheduled tribes:-
Tab~
Literates, Workers, Non.workers, Seheduled Castes, ------PERCEN ,..----.....;;._------s.c. S.T. Main workers Population Population Literates to total 'to total Name of Total} Total Population to total to total Populatiou Population District/ Rural/ r----rA.----"'\ pO{Jula. pupula- ,...----..A..---~ r----J.------, Tahsil Urban P M F tion tion P M F P M F , ._------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 ------.------._------
5 Morena T 1,303,213 710,742 592,471 20.12 5.26 25.60 38.54 10.09 29.17 49.97 4.22 District R 1.124,963 613,185 511,778 20.46 5.98 22.21 35.24 6.60 29.18 50.81 4.51 U 178,250 97.557 80,693 17.93 0.75 47.01 59.29 32.17 25.32 44.31 2.37
1 Ambah T 270,760 147,778 122,982 22.24 0.03 31.42 45.67 14.31 26.00 46.95 0.83 Tahsil R 2S3,379 1~8,175 115,204 22.53 0.01 30.16 44.5212.94 26.13 47.28 0.76 U 17,381 9,603 7,718 18.00 0.30 49.80 62.15 34,55 24.17 42.28 1 81
2 Morena T 217,154 154,509 122,645 21.95 0.15 31.43 44.59 14.85 27.n 47.74 1.59 Tahsil R 193,995 108,545 85,450 22.21 0.12 23.36 37.37 5,56 28.23 49.34 1. 42 U . 83,159 45,964 37,195 21.34 0.22 50.26 61.65 36.18 25.17 43.96 1.96
3 loura T 227,014125,740 101,274 19.27 1.13 24.67 38.36 7.66 28.82 50.01 2.50 Tahsil P. 211,274 117,087 94,187 19.72 1.19 23.15 36.99 5.94 29.06 50.39 2.54 U 15,740 8,653 7,087' 13.26 0.4345.01 56.86 30.53 25.59 44.87 2.05
4 Sabalgarh T 204,636 lIl,2l3 93,423 20.98 1.45 24.04 38 05 7.36 31.34 51.16 7.74 ., Tahsj) R 177,717 96,475 81,242 21.50 1.61 21.23 35.16 4.67 32.26 52.22 8.56 U 26,919 14.738 12,181 17.54 0.40 42.59 56.90 25.27 25.29 44.27 2.32
S Bijeypur T 109,506 59.115 50,391 18.23 J6.87 16.91 27.29 4.72 35.21 54.8:;) 12.11 Tahsil R 101,552 54.848 46,704 18.47 18.14 15.35 25·42 3 53 35.88 55.54 12.79 U 7,954 4,267 3,687 15.23 0.73 36.74 51. 37 19.80 26.64 46.59 3.55
6 Sheopur T 214,143 112,387 101,756 16.10 20.57 17.65 27.46 6.81 30 79 53.20 6.04 Tahsil R 187,046 98,0'5 88,991 16.80 23.09 13.85 23.27 3.47 31.48 54.28 6.36 U 27,097 14,332 12,765 11.32 3.22 43.84 56.10 30.07 26.00 45.80 3.78
------_------...-_------xxxix
10
Scheduled Tribes Population in the district
-...... -...... ------_ TAGE
..A..______. _____. ___~
Marginal workers to Total work~rs to Non-workers to total total population total J:0pulation population Name of Total/
,-___ - ..A.. __ ~ r------.A. -----""'I r---- _..A.. _------. District.' Rural I P M F P M F P M F Tahsil Urban ------_------_--_.------14 t 5 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 I 2 ------_------.------_ .. _-----
2.14 0.34 4.31 3}.31 50.31 8.53 68.69 49.69 91.47 Morena T District 2.44 0.35 4.94 3:.22 51.23 9.45 67.7& 48.77 90.55 R 0.27 0.21 0.34 25.59 44.52 2.71 74.41 55.48 97.29 U
0.25 0.31 0.19 26.26 47.26 ]'01 73.74 52.74 9S.99 Ambah T TahSil 0.26 0.30 0.20 26.38 47.58 0.96 73.62 52.42 99.04 R 0.22 0.36 0.05 24.39 42.64 l. 86 75.6J 57 36 98.14 U
0.43 0.24 0.69 27.75 47.97 2.27 72.25 52.03 97.73 Morena T Tahsil 0.52 0.'24 0.88 28.76 49.58 2.31 71.24 50.42 97.69 R 0.23 0.22 0.24 25.40 44.18 2.19 74.60 55.82 97.81 U
0.66 O. J4 1.30 29.48 50.16 3.81 70.52 49.84 96.19 Joura T Tahsil 0.71 0 . .1 5 1.39 29.77 50.55 3 93 70.23 49.45 96 07 R 0.03 0.07 25.62 44 87 2.12 74.38 55'1.3 97.88 U
4.02 0.43 8.28 35.36 SI. 60 t~.Oj 6~. 64 48 40 83.97 Sab~lgarh T Tahsil 4.55 o 45 9.41 36.81 52.67 17.97 63.19 47.33 82.03 R o 52 0.31 0.77 25.81 44.58 3.09 74 19 55.42 96.91 U
5.67 0.39 11.86 40.87 55.28 23.97 59.13 44.72 76.03 Bijeypur T Tahsil 6.07 0.40 12.72 41.94 55.93 25.51 58.06 44.07 74.49 R 0.60 0.35 0.90 27.29 46. lA 4.45 72.76 53.06 95.55 U
4.73 0,60 9.30 35.52 51.79 15.33 64.48 46.21 84.67 Sheopur T Tahsil 5.38 0.67 10.57 38.86 54.94 16.93 63.14 45.05 83.07 R 0.24 0.08 0.41 26.24 45.88 4. t 8 73.76 54.12 95.82 U xl
The population of the district is 1,303,213 which State average of 941. The northern districts of the constituted 2.50 pcr c nt of the total population of the State are characterised with very low sex-ratio; State. The district has gained its position from 14th Morena district has a sex-ratio which is the second 10w- rank in 1971 to 12th in 1981 displacing Rajnandgoan I and Chhindwara districts to 16th and 14th position est among the 45 districts of the State. It is next to respectively in 1981 which were occupying 12th and 13th BhiDd which is the adjoining district On the extreme positions in 1971. Morena is the most populous tahsil north. It is interesting to note that in the urban alellS with 21.27 percent of the total population of the dis of the district there was an excess of females over trjct Jiving in it whereas Bijeypur tahsil being the malea in 1901 and for tl)tal and rural areas, the sex least populous contains only 8.40 per cent of the break-up is not available. Howev'er from 1911 the sex population. ratio in the district had always been lower than that Sex-Ratio: of the State as would be evident from the following The sex-ratio I.e., the number of females per 1000 males in the district works out to 834 as against the table.
Table 10.1
Sex-ratio in State and Morena district, 1901-8J ------_------_------_--_._-- Census Year Madhya Pradesh Panna District ,-______..A.. _____ ~ ,------..A..------~ Total Rural Urban TOlal Rural Urban ______o._.., ___• ___ - ______...______-
2 3 4 5 6 7 - --______~ ___ r ___ ..._ ____ --_--'--- --.----- ]901 990 9')5 937 NA NA 1.007 1911 986 991 913 846 843 942 1921 974 982 878 822 820 857 1931 973 983 872 825 825 825 1941 970 980 HH2 832 H31 844 1951 967 975 907 849 848 864 1961 953 970 856 839 842 806 1971 941 956 868 837 839 825 1981 941 956 864 834 835 827 ------.--..------_---_... _------This is a peculiar phenomenon that the sex "The low proportion of females in the plain ratio of Indian population has generally been adve. country lying in the northern part of the State (this rse to females, the result is that the female popula represents the prescnt Bhind, Morena and Gwalior tion has been depleting fast. This phenomenon of districts) might suggest a possibility of the existence adverse sex-ratio has been explained by various rea of infanticid e and it is true that Thakurs of these sons such as (I) the preference for male children and parts have been suspected of still following the the consequent neglect of female babies, (2) the practices, ...... " • relative nature of certain types of mortality and (~) a high materna) mortality. To make a detailed probe Within the district sex-ratio shows wide varia on the reasons for low sex-ratio is beyond the scope of tions. It is particularly low in MorenD tahsil. Broadly this notr • However, one of the reasons for the low speaking as we move from the northernmost tahSil sex- ratio in this region appears to be female infantici towards south~west, the sex-ratio is found to be imp~ des among Rajcuts during the earlier part of the roving. Tahsilwise figures are: Ambah (832), Morena century. It was about this that JWD Johnstone wrote (794), loura (805) Sabalgarh (840), Bijeypur (852) and in his 1901 Report:- Sheopur (905).
*Census of India. 190t Vol. XXI, Gwalior-Part-J JWD Johnstone, Census Commissioner, GW;jlior Stat~. Urban areas generally exhibit a low scx·ratiQ district due to area restrictions havin. been rtmoved which trait is not difticult to understand because the in respect of a large number of scheduled castes as sex.-imbalance in urban areas is mainly from the mig J>er Sc:hed uled Castes and Scheduled Tribenl Order ratIon factor which in the be€ining is confined mostly (Amendmmt ) Act, 1976 which has been fOllowed at ·to males. The sex-ratio in urban areas of the district the 1981 Census as is found in the case.f many other ~orks out to 827 and that for rural areas, it ·is 835. districts of the State.
Scheduled CawtesjSclieduled Tribes : The Amendment Order seems to have affected population figures of scbed uled tribes at tbe 1981 Scheduled' castes constitute 20.12 per cent of the ,total population of 'be district as against the ·State Census as tbe figures :show phenomenal arowth of average or 14.10 while tbe proportion of scbeduled 46.09 per cent of the scheduled tribes population tribes is only 5.26 per cent as compared to 22.97 per during tbe last 10 years. cent for the State as a whole. Tbero is a heavy concentration of sched uled Th~ Scheduled castes population has gone up castes population in Ambab and Morena tabsils. from 203,525 in 1971 to 162,183 in 1981 thereby show while 'concentration of scheduled tribes population is ing.an increase of 28.82 per cent. This could be taken heavy in Bijeypur and Sheopur tahsil •. There is an in to bC a normal increase of the population or this verse relationship in the propotion of scheduled castel community and there does not appear to be any vItiation and scheduled tribes among tahsils as would be 'in the figures of scheduled castes population of this evident from the following figures.
Table)Ol Percentage distribution of Scheduled Castel, SclJeduled 1 ribes and total population amongst tabsUs
S]. : Name of Tahsil Pc.-rcentage to total No\, r-__-_-_- ______--.A_---- - SC ST Population Rank PopuLdion Rank ------_._------.~------2 3 4 5 6 ------_ ._--- -.------I Amb311 22.24 0.03 6 2 Mt}r~na 21. 95 2 0.15 5 3 Jaura 19.21 4 1 ~ 13 4 4 Sabalgarh 20.98 3 1. 45 3 S Bijeypur 18.23 5 16.87 2 6 Sheopur 16.10 6 20.57 ------~------,------._..------Literacy: not very pronounced in respect of rural areas and infact the proportion of male literates in the district The literacy rate in the district has moved up is a little higher tban that of the State. The gap, bow from 19.55 per cent in 1971 to 25.60 per cent in 1981 ever, appears to be more pronounced in urba. but still it is below the State average of 27.87 percent. areas. The follow in! table is given to facilitate The gap betwe.o the State average and the district is comparision. Table 10.3
------~------Morena District Madhya Pradesh , ______..A.. ___ ~ ____~ ,------"------"'\ Total/Rural! Urban Persons Males Females Persons Males Females --_._------_.. _ ------... ----_. --_._------__.. 4 5 6 7 ------_._---2 3 ------Total population 27.87 39.49 15.53 25.60 38.54 10.09 Ru al population 21.22 32.91 8.99 22.21 35.24 6.60 Urban population 54.02 64.41 42.26 47.01 59.29 32.17 ----_._------_._------_- xlii
Among the tahsils, Ambah has much better pOsi females may be giving helping hand to the menfolk in tion in terms of literacy. The literacy rate amona both cultivation, livestock rearing etc. The participatioD tbe sexes is higher than the district average both in rates in rural areas of the district are relatively more rural and urban areas. Morena tahsil is also baving than those in urban areas. higher average than the district on all counts except in the case of rural females. It js interesting to note Main workers account for 29.17 per cent of the that the tahsil which is situated on the extreme total population in tbe district as against the State north is having the bighest literacy rates in tbe distri average of 38.41 per cent. It is the second lowest and that situated on the extreme louth-west is ct among the 45 districts in the State. The percentage of having the lowest rates. The remaining tahsils are marginal workers to total J\OPQlation in the distric~ in between from higher to Jower according to their is m"reJy 2.14 which is one of the lowest amoDg the situation from north to south-west. Again it is wor 45 districts in the State. thwhile to note that the plain country is having rela tively bigher literacy rates and the hilly tracts exhibit lower rates. The hilly tract. of Bijeypur and Sheopur The participation rate amon.g the tahsils varies tahsils have relatively large proportron of scheduled from 26.26 per c~nt in Ainbah tahsil to 40.87 per cent tribes population who are still on the lowest rung of in Bijeypur tahsil. It is the hilly tracts of Bijeypur the literacy ladder. and Sb'eopur tahsils which have predominance of tribal population and also economically backward The wide disparity in literacy rates between areas, exhibit higher participation rates. T.herefore, rural and urban areas is abviously because of rela it has to be taken with caution that higher participa tively more educational facilIties being available in tion rate is not the index of prosperity. urban areas a8'com:lared to that in rUfal areas. Also, it is partly because of lack of aw:treness and reluc Agriculture still rema ins the mainstay of the tancy of the pC'o pie in rural areas in sending their population of the district as the workers engaged ~ln children to schools for education. cultivation (cultivators and agricultural labourers taken together) constitute 81.95 pet cent of the total Participation Rate : working population. Another interesting feature of The participation rate i.e. the percentage of workers tl!-e district is tbat the proportion of cultivators in the ( main workers aud marginal workers taken together) district is as high as 75.19 per cent and tbatofthe to total population of tbe district works out to 31.31 agricultural labourers is mt'rely 6.76 per cent as per cent as against the State average of42.93per cent. against the correspondings State average of 51.96 per The male and female rates in the district are 50.31 cent and 24.24 per cent. It follows th., tbe district is per cent and 8.53 per cent respectively whereas these more affluent agriculturally with relatively large averages for the State work out to 54.41 and 30.65. proportion of population owning land. Morena is the It is interesting to note that the female participation district in the State which is having the highest percen rate in the district is exceptionally low whicb is a tage (39.66 as per 1979~80 data) of irrigated area to peculiar feature of the norhern districts of the State. total cropped area. Females belonging to upper strata generally confine to their househo Id chores and hardly participate in any Non·workers constitute of housewives, students economic activity even to help their menfolk. This beggers, vegrants, rent receivers, depend::nts etc. may also be partly due to the fact that the dis'rict who form the bulk (68.69 per cent) of the total produces more of rabi crops than kharij ones and population as against tbe State average of 57.08 per rabl cultivation requires relatively lesser manpower. cent. Thus the dependency rate in the district is also The agricultural labourers are mostly the womenfolk. very high. On the whole, Morena is One of the Moreover it is due to the socIal stigma for females prosporous district in the State. to report themselves as working even lhough the 1
""""l'~R 'lI,,1 ~, P'
------~------'PI V,q iii' iI'!lI 'PI flq ~ ""' ~".m iI1'If' ~".m ~ dell' r--.A----.. ~ r---.A--~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 ------..... ------.------2 3 4 2 3 4 ------._ ------
1[1 "1=.'~ ~~~
26 'liT'f\ llii.'li ]03 138 27 ~~~ ]04 136 1 mT~ :1 31 28 lIi~cr, 76 85 2 arQ';fT~ 21 32
3 ~ 33 44 4 aTl'i.'Ii¥T 31 40 29 lff~ltr «mm 149 127 5 n1'~fl' 82 91 30 urf,QT .~~ 67 76 6 an:r.r 143 12 .. 31 l'lf~~ 58 67 32 77 87 aTl ~,{T 33 f~~ 7 7 71 7 art'{T~ 34 ti'{,:ir ~iI'r~ 63 35 ll,{<'fl q;l~ffi 91 110 36 I§'T!f<'fr 140 132
8 ~~t 74 83 9 'iilT'{ili) 41 48 " 37 lT~!fr ~;~ 65 75 3g l'ff~ltl 'lRIH 117 145 39 fl'f~<'fT 99 ]03 to ~«'f 139 20 40 l'(l'<'fT~ 72 80 41 IfH 9 10 42 l'fTo 43 52 11 48 57 ~~ 43 . qT"" 56 66 44 l'fmord 2 2
12 1fi·'llIi 1(;)~ 144 105 45 "f'li '!.m~r 114 141 ]3 if;If;U'{') 12 13 46 "fif; ifTg)lT~ 132 124 14 if;;r-flflT 47 55 47 "f'li iflg~'{ 100 104 15 ililffi<:T 55 64 48 "f'fo <'fl?lf~lnt 101 101 Hi ~~OST 93 112 49 "f;~,!h 111 23 17 'IHTJf04I1 20 29 50 ~ilir~ 40 50 18 f~!f~ 84 93 51 ~~ 52 60 19 f'li~~T<'fT 3 3 52 'ifl't'li 138 120 20 lfiT"fli.'! ]08 121 21 f"i'?f<:) 85 94 ;;rITtf'r' 146 107 22 ~l:fT;:rr 5 5 53 ;;r<'f 'liT ;:rlT'{T 26 35 23 ~~lifr t02 115 54 123 152 24 !~OT 148 114 55 ;;rT~ ~ 6 25 'FiT~ 78 88 56 ;;rTll:T 2
----_------,,";fi2r m ~ ~Q~" ,-_.A.----., _--.A.__ ~ J 971 1981 1971 1981 ------...------_ 1 2 3 4 2 4 ------.--- --_._------_----_------
5'1 ~!IiiI"I" 30 39 78 ,!'!;ci\~ 134 99 79 'l'~ 'tiT ~ 98 102 80 'l"l'fT 87 96 81 'If;ft<'l'T 57 65 58 ~~mt 8 8 82 'l'Tm 28 37 59 ll~) 130 126 83 'IT<'I'f 95 28 I 84 ~TcHr '!lott 66 74 85 ~TCfQ' w;f 89 148 (}O '''''!U 96 27 86 'IT,m. 136 134
6T (I,lllff 115 119 87 ~~l 36 47 62 (I~rrf 13 82 88 ar"fT~ 14 14 s.f) ,,~~ 63 fa'''')'''' 13 J 1 42 51 90 150 64 '!~ 69 78 ~~" 128 91 65 4u 131 125 'ifI':i q;y ~T 38 46 92 66 6'1<: ~" 33 42 ;;rr...u~T 64 72 93 W~ 129 21 94 ~ 37 45 95 forqr.rt 67 ... <:f 29 :8 126 24 96 f,,~it1~ 23 30 97 W~ 53 62 9s ~ 4 4 68 f~rr') 51 61 99 ~&r100 'l'fi,')~T 46 56
101 1I'~U 106 137 71 1l'f,!0IT 71 81 102 11'~.')",,') 34 43 72 if.m 105 T35 !03 ~T'I'<'iT 137 119 73 !:1~ 127 100 104 f'Jf~)~H 81 90 74 !l'l75 ;j"IT'U q~Q'r 107 118
76 I rr'~ 'fi1 ~r 113 142 106 'Jf{ 60 70 rrrifit 77 gO 149 107 'JffeifT,!~J 119 146 :3 • ------~------~----~-~--~~- ~"m~ ~~ 1IiW;r~ r---J.---~ ,---..A.-~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 ------_------1 2 3 4 2 3 -----_----_.. _--_------~------_----~
1./ 1 ~J~ ft'(!"r~
108 1'f« ... «~ 10 9 109 1f8'an 110 22 110 1'fii~') . 61 69 134 m~ 124 25 111 1ft~ 'U~ar 75 84 112 l{~T 116 J40
135 1!1fT1f'J\ ;mort 24 33 113 W, 18 18 136 1!IH1f'J\ I\;! 45 54 114 ~m .128 131 137 mQ~u 141 133 115 ~ 93 111 138 22 151 116 1:Q~ ...d 15 15 lIi~! 117 'ciRT1f iliT ,!,T 50 59 118 <:"~'U 147 108 44 53 119 ~lif$~ i39 uftft.ft 83 92 79 86 120 ~1~T$'U 140 lJTo) 152 129 113 121 'U~ 97 141 UT~ Iti'T '!.~T 94 J09 f~'?;) 120 147 122 142 f«Iti'~~ 68 77 f~);n 1l 12 123 143 fu~,(T 142 (2J 54 63 124 f~'U iii( ~T 144 f«ffi~ 109 116 17 17 125 ~~T ~;miJ 1.+5 fU~tf;f1fT 59 68 16 16 126 ~ 146 U"r~T 86 95 70 79 127 ~q~') 147 ~~m 88 97 121 150 128 ~, 148 ~~T Of~~ 135 98 149 ~~;H~ 25 34
129 ~~ or«f 62 7'!- 49 58 130 ~~~ 145 to, 151 130 150 ~l{')~'l; 131 ffi~ 41 19 151 ~T~ 32 132 <\t:n~ 19 125 2" 89 89 .152 ~It 133 ~rqf
J /2 ~'t;fT ff~~T~
4 ap::;:-TI!(ui",,~ .,.ff1 !fi} f'f' ------.----- HII' IIiJ ""' ~;fUJ Q~ ~ n'f iifil '"" ~ifin~ .. ..-- --..A...__ ~ tftIn r---..A...~ ~ 1971 1981 1971 ' 1981 ------.._------.....:..------1 2 3 4 2 3 4 ---,_-----_... _-----_------
1/2 'It", Et~~'~
:n ifSTif~ 146 179 34 Ifs1u 6 16 114 168 7 ':4Cfm 35 - ~'U 109 167 101 159 8 '3'f~lnt'U 36 m~);ft frrrmrft 94 96 174 138 9 ~~ 37 l!~?:T 122 128 38 l!~' 128 129 39 iff'fT"",!,' 39 33 40 ifmr 171 134 10 ~q) 139 178 41 ifh:~ 2 17 42 iT1~~ 8 20
II 11 ;tq't1'oJT 44 "IIif> flfi~'f~ 78 157 82 85 }1 if>Rrlim2'2 18i1;~'hft 34 fiO
23 18~'fir 178 141 48 'jf18)iff 7 rs 24 ~ 'tif'I't 134 131 49 :jf'i~T 149 112 25 .T~~i?T 20 22 50 1ft'{•.r""'~~t~ ",,,1 ., r' ------_--_- ...... ---- .11 1111 IJ' lI11I ~~~~ ~ VIII Iti1 If11J fq'rwft~ m iI"~. ".. , ,---..A----""'\ ntn ,---J.--~ 197) 1981 1971 1981 ------1 2 3 4 2 3 4 -----_------
112 ~t~~~
60 ;i~t.~ 66 S3 82 'iTot;t 85 87 61 ;ic:t~~ 4 (j 83 'il q
65 ~IJU 179 142 88 q;ft. '\T 25 27 89 q~rcn;r, ll9 162 90 q'ffiT:1 108 161 66 'l'Tt(,~f~, 70 54 91 q,T~T 73 156 51 67 .1'fW ~f{t 80 92 q~T 32 24
68 ~11{1'T 102 49 93 q~'lfT 159 122 94 qlrT~T· 166 113 8' 95 qJ~)~r 154 146 96 fir~l76 !oT;f~T 131 111 105 ffai'llqT~~ Q'Tff'1 ..n rl ------_------.------IA In" lfiT in" roOfTQ ~ ~ ~ II I" 'liT iI1l1 ",,;fur 'fit. Of~iiR mf r----"'-~ It_, ----"---~ 1971 1981 ---1971 1981 -----_------~------_ 2 3 4 2 3 4 ------_--_ - -- __ .. _------=-_------
1/2 ~~;f' "~"1~
J 13 ~-T1' 121 62 150 't~;rJ ~t q"","~~T1: ';11,,1 ~t ~.)
------... ------_--_------II'! Il~ '" IfT1I ~II.~ 'Ii1I IITq ~ IfT1I f'froftll !fit, if~" ~~ ,---.A.--~ nlfl r---.A.-~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 ------~------1 '2 3 4 2 3 4 ------_-
1/3 1111:' ~~~Tt:!
24 .<:~T 202 202 25 ifi<:f<:r 51 51 WF~ 72 72 26 'IIQn:~ 203 203 2 IlflT~)m 77 77 27 ifir«r!lf<:f 22:3 223
3 1Jl~1 115 115 28 ifiTlITr~ 89 89 4 onr·w 184 184 29 ifiT<:~~<: 121 121 129 5 llfol't1,<: 129 30 "i3T<:~<: 87 87 6 W il'i!:T;_1: IliT '!:,1:T 170 170 31 ~~)~ft 15 15 7 SIq-q 212 212 32 f"$:r 152 152 8 SIqTi!:) 230 230 33 ;!~'ifr 236 236 9 ar~;;:rr IS3 153 34 tlfn:r 104 104 11 aT;;:rT'!.~ 138 138 36 ififnT 12 12 12 J;{Q<:T\\T) 24 24 37 ifir'1!~T.T 31 31 38 ifif~<:T 237 237 ~,
13 J;{r~tt 222 222 39 ~?f<:~T~T 210 210 40 'l1itCfT 185 185 41 'l1~ifiT 42 42
L~ 174 14 ~,~;;:rr 102 102 ? 'l1f~'t1,~r 148 148 51 tit,T 23~ 2)8 57 'iff.T 239 239 ii
21 ~ll<:T 233 233 53 T(1jt ti~l ] 16 11 6 54 ;rurlfl~<;t 125 125 55 ;rilrO!fr 173 173 22 ifiifi"\!iH 147 147' 56 T(~crT~T 240 240
23 ifi'~1: 22'0 ,220 57 llilTl"fT ~r<: 141 141 8
l!foT'A1~m Vlql ~ ~ .'
----_ ------~ .,1( I!rr l'(TII' ~
J/3 il1'~T "l~ffi
5R lJ,'l!<:;ff 19 19 R5 'Jt'''1T~~ 61 61 ,,{T'>IT,!">;l 59 ~~T ami" 135 135 86 201 201 60 ~<;T 'i{1:i!"l lli6 166 87 :;rTq~q 8 S
61 ~"itl 34 34 88 \IT'i~ifT~ 151 151 62 ~<:;;r, 234 234 89 ~ao;<: 58 58 63 ~q<:T 78 78 90 ;;rTttT'21:T 221 221 64 llq-U 66 66 91 ;;rFTt<:T 79 79 (is i!m,"~~T 204 204 92 fiff;nn 224 224 93 ~~ 100 100
66 'lifTsT<: 88 88 ~ 67 'if,<:f 155 1 SS 94 fl'llmrr ~<: 110 110 68 '!,i:1tT iiTR~ J 12 112 95 R;'ficT'lT ~l1n~ S4 84 69 '!.'i'Hf 96 96 96 fc~Tq71 ;i~<: 97 97 72 oqf'i:fll' 143 143 99 5<: 227 227 73 oq~~.') 26 26 100 ~~lfTf~~ 105 103 74 'fT'!<'f 86 86 10. ~&ICj{l<:l 54 54 75 f,{r:j'TifT 'fi h:l' 48. 48 76 f~lifT 'lfI'or;;r 3 3 77 f';'!,l: lCJO 190
79 'iliilf 90 90 80 fl9rrq<:~ 35 35 105 n[;;r~l: 3S 38 81 ~~T 136 146 106 f.1<~tl1l<: 5 5 107 fo<1!l1'<'IT 30 30 lOS f6~"tm 41 41
112 "T~T.. ""~~ Vl"l 1lti1 'I'" ------:------... _------.--_----_-----_ 1Ii'l 11M iii' om! momrlliR iIWA ~ Vllf IIil ;mr ~;fnI. ~. il;il~ dillf ,..---.A----""" nlfl ,..-~-..A.-----.. 1971 J981 1971 1981 ------2 3 4 2 3 4 -----_------_------r-______-
1/3 ~1. (f~~I\Ol
139 'ilR;r 225 225 140 qT~<-l~T 49 49 110 ~ 164 164 141 ,!<-T ~qf~lf r 105 105 111 '!'ClT"it 191 191 142 't'ill"l:T 101 101 112 ~~~f 124 124 113 itcf~ 192 192 114 ~133 q~T 195 195 169 f---~------~;fhTm~ ~;furm;:r~ r---.A.~ ----"---~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 ------1 2 3 4 2 3 4 ______o ______------
175 '>I'~ 'foT ~<:T 218 218 209 ~<:T 214 214 ]76 'lTR:1tn:r 52 ' 52 210 <:;;r1GT 14 14 177 mY 18 18 211 <:;:I'§T<:~<:r 13 13 ]78 '>I'fl:'I>T'!,<:T 228 228 212 <:«T~;:rT 50 50 179 ]98 198 'llf'!TT 213 <:T~~ 235 235 180 'iII'<: 245 245 214 <:T'fT~<:T 209 209 181 ~~l:l<'l) 171 171 215 ~ifT~ 71 71 182 'lll:fa'!,\ 76 7(' 216 ~ lR3 Il"t 74 74 217 "fPiT 92 218 i:11~ e(""'f~t~ Vl'fl 1fi1 ~_1 ------...... ------_--_------IIl1f ~;ftlf ~ ;:rnn VT" i6T ifT'J f'Tr-{t1f J 13 237 ~~, 20 20 238 tj1fTlil1'1'r 123 123 242 ~Hft . t80 180 239 ~lIr;ft 118 118 243 ll:?if~l('T 128 128 ~~~) 45 240 45 244 ~f~l('T~r 216 216 241 ~~~ 215 215 245 9iif9;~T 7 7
1/4 "GI'~rr (f~"T~
iii
afeH 34 J4 13 1.fiili~TU 6] 62 2 3frr!:fTU. ]8 22 14 'liecT<1f 169 168 3 . af'l:%~ 221 225 15 It>0l[>: 96 96 210 210 4 ~l~t 16 ~~r'BT 56 57
17 'f>'~lI'T"f9;~ 65 64 ~T 18 'fi<1>:.m 55 55 19 ~rf'(ij~r 1 2 5 3fTaU 191 190 20 ~y;;rhT 33 33 21 f'f>'<:fl(''if 119 119 116 115 22 f'li'<:T30 ~;;:rf:H'{ 81 84 31 ~~1<1') 193 194 94 94 9 '3''fT9' 122 124 32 ~~il:1<1') 33 'fi"f'l'T<: 66 68 10 '3'&';'1<: 79 79 34 IIhr~T ~nq 182 182 35 .. ai'PI'~m~ Vl'll iii) ~.. )
------.------~------.--- ~~.;:r"", 'lIi'f nil om ;mI "",;fu:r q lPiA ... "'" IfiT ;nil 8M1 r---_"_~ ~ _---A--_~ 1971 "1981 1971 1981 ------~------2 3 4 2 3 4 ---_------~------~------
1/4 ~,,~ ~l{"T~
39' Ifi~ 175 175 40 'file: f~II<:T 226 226
41 ",)i~r 181 181 71 'ST'I~ 12 12 42 ",iii~l 142 141
l!l 143 72 163 163 43 ~~, 143 "~~T 73 235 44 fV<:lfit 14 14 ~;rT~' 236 172 14 73 73 45 fv~) 172 ur1!;rl~t 149 75 urlitAliT 230 230 46 ~f~ 149 76 109 109 47 ~'l!"r~t J 04 103 urln:r1l'~<:T 77 154 154 48 .~ f.1f'f" 36 37 urion" ~r: 78 115 113 49- oi"r lfTif'l"' 194 196 ur~;rT 1ft;J1f~ 79 132 131 50 1I<:59 l!90 oroT~T 21.7 227 ~
66 '{<{TGl 98 98 67 :;r.rTit 99 99 91 ~i[<:T 89 89 68 "flf<:1f~ 195 195 92 eq
""~m: "''1'1 ~1 .,.1-.
------_... -_------_--_ - -~--- 1111 IN ~r ;rpt ~'hfm~ 'PI VII( IIil If11I ",,;ft. Iti), 'f~' be, r---..A---~ nlfl ,---..A.._~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 ------.- 1 2 3 ------4 ------_-2 3 4
1/4 ~!lq, fft!~T\=f
95 eltR~ 38 39 123 qi"liT~T 228 228 96 "TtR~r~ fiJ n:: Po 8 139 aif"lilif'!<: 86 91 140 i£i'n:1PTr 207 208 141 'f~q;r 103 105 ltO rt<:: f{ti_T~~T,{ VIQl iii) ~)
-_....._------...------...... - '$Jf lUll I!iT ;rrIJ ~;iht ,.;)w if;on: 'Jfi1:r If T1f $T ;rrIJ ~m.~ ml r----"-~ ~~, ----'----. 1971 1981 1971 1981 _ ------_.------_ 1 2 3 4 2 3 4
._-_------_._------_------~--.
1[4 ~",(:f~ ,,~~);r
ISO 165 ,h~ ,"'ilf~ 187 186 197 'l:r170 lTT(!:~T\'il<: 71 71 171 f'ifiifq~l 188 187 204 ",if;;;r<:T 172 'ifT"'l'f'f_<:, 123 127 87 90 205 173 'I\;:TII;~T 180 179 ~Iil''f~~l 68 69 206 ~i![<:l 184 184 207 "'T'if'!i<;if 201 200 20S "1!:T1>:JT 174 l{'~FG:1 203 205 110 1 ! 1 175 lT~T 21 21 ~ 176 ~qT 124 123 177 llTm:)('[ 31 31 209 'fifil CfT"fifT 217 216 17~ lTlaTlf~ 100 100 210 CfT;:Il~ if;:Tii 60 60 179 lntTT~ 208 207 211 I:ITl:~~;~ ~Tiflf~ 186 188 180 10 lTT;rr: 10 ~ lSI lTTif'lJ1;r 168 171 182 "'T"I')