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Business Success, Angola-Style
J. of Modern African Studies, 45, 4 (2007), pp. 595–619. f 2007 Cambridge University Press doi:10.1017/S0022278X07002893 Printed in the United Kingdom Business success,Angola-style: postcolonial politics and the rise and rise of Sonangol RICARDO SOARES DE OLIVEIRA Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Oxford, Manor Road, Oxford OX1 3UQ, United Kingdom Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper investigates a paradoxical case of business success in one of the world’s worst-governed states, Angola. Founded in 1976 as the essential tool of the Angolan end of the oil business, Sonangol, the national oil company, was from the very start protected from the dominant (both predatory and centrally planned) logic of Angola’s political economy. Throughout its first years, the pragmatic senior management of Sonangol accumulated technical and mana- gerial experience, often in partnership with Western oil and consulting firms. By the time the ruling party dropped Marxism in the early 1990s, Sonangol was the key domestic actor in the economy, an island of competence thriving in tandem with the implosion of most other Angolan state institutions. However, the grow- ing sophistication of Sonangol (now employing thousands of people, active in four continents, and controlling a vast parallel budget of offshore accounts and myriad assets) has not led to the benign developmental outcomes one would expect from the successful ‘capacity building’ of the last thirty years. Instead, Sonangol has primarily been at the service of the presidency and its rentier ambitions. Amongst other themes, the paper seeks to highlight the extent to which a nominal ‘failed state’ can be successful amidst widespread human destitution, provided that basic tools for elite empowerment (in this case, Sonangol and the means of coercion) exist to ensure the viability of incumbents. -
Skills Shortages in the Global Oil and Gas Industry How to Close the Gap
Skills shortages in the global oil and gas industry How to close the gap Part II Case Studies : NIGERIA – ANGOLA © CRES, December 2008 Table of content NIGERIA ......................................................................... 4 FOREWORD ....................................................................................... 6 1. PRINCIPAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NIGERIAN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY ........................................................................... 7 1.1. BACKGROUND .................................................................................. 7 1.2. CURRENT OUTLOOK ........................................................................ 8 2. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ............................. 11 2.1. OIL & GAS: THE MOST IMPORTANT SECTOR IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY .................................................................................................... 11 2.2. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ................................................................. 14 3. THE MAIN STAKEHOLDERS IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY ................................................................................................... 18 3.1. POLICY MAKERS AND REGULATIONS ........................................ 19 3.2. THE NATIONAL OIL AND GAS COMPANY – NNPC ..................... 25 3.3. INTERNATIONAL OIL AND GAS COMPANIES.............................. 31 INDIGENOUS OIL & GAS COMPANIES ..................................................... 35 3.4. INDIGENOUS CONTRACTORS ....................................................... 35 -
Intertwined Paths: Portugal and Rising Angola
OCCASIONAL PAPER NO 89 South African Foreign Policy and African Drivers Programme August 2011 Intertwined Paths: Portugal and Rising Angola Pedro Seabra & Paulo Gorjão s ir a f f A l a n o ti a rn e nt f I o te tu sti n In rica . th Af hts Sou sig al in Glob African perspectives. About SAIIA The South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) has a long and proud record as South Africa’s premier research institute on international issues. It is an independent, non-government think-tank whose key strategic objectives are to make effective input into public policy, and to encourage wider and more informed debate on international affairs with particular emphasis on African issues and concerns. It is both a centre for research excellence and a home for stimulating public engagement. SAIIA’s occasional papers present topical, incisive analyses, offering a variety of perspectives on key policy issues in Africa and beyond. Core public policy research themes covered by SAIIA include good governance and democracy; economic policymaking; international security and peace; and new global challenges such as food security, global governance reform and the environment. Please consult our website www.saiia.org.za for further information about SAIIA’s work. A b o u t t h e S o u t h A f r I c A n f o r e I g n p o l I c y A n d A f r I c A n d r I v e r S p r o g r A m m e Since the fall of apartheid in 1994, South Africa’s foreign policy has prioritised the development of Africa. -
Massive and Misunderstood Data-Driven Insights Into National Oil Companies
Massive and Misunderstood Data-Driven Insights into National Oil Companies Patrick R. P. Heller and David Mihalyi APRIL 2019 Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................... 1 I. UNDER-ANALYZED BEHEMOTHS ......................................................................................................... 6 II. THE NATIONAL OIL COMPANY DATABASE .....................................................................................10 III. SIZE AND IMPACT OF NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES .....................................................................15 IV. BENCHMARKING NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES BY VALUE ADDITION .....................................29 V. TRANSPARENCY AND NATIONAL OIL COMPANY REPORTING .................................................54 VI. CONCLUSIONS AND STEPS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH ............................................................61 APPENDIX 1. NOCs IN NRGI’S NATIONAL OIL COMPANY DATABASE ..........................................62 APPENDIX 2. CHANGES IN NOC ECONOMIC DATA AS REVENUES CHANGED..........................66 Key messages • National oil companies (NOCs) produce the majority of the world’s oil and gas. They dominate the production landscape in some of the world’s most oil-rich countries, including Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Venezuela and Iran, and play a central role in the oil and gas sector in many emerging producers. In 2017, NOCs that published data on their assets reported combined assets of $3.1 trillion. -
The Big Four in Angola, Tanzania and South Africa
Master’s Thesis 2020 30 ECTS Faculty of Landscape and Society The Power of Consulting: The Big Four in Angola, Tanzania and South Africa Irgen Wiig Sørensen Global Development Studies The Department of International Environment and Development Studies, Noragric, is the international gateway for the Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU). Established in 1986, Noragric’s contribution to international development lies in the interface between research, education (Bachelor, Master and PhD programmes) and assignments. The Noragric Master theses are the final theses submitted by students in order to fulfil the requirements under the Noragric Master programme “International Environmental Studies”, “International Development Studies” and “International Relations”. The findings in this thesis do not necessarily reflect the views of Noragric. Extracts from this publication may only be reproduced after prior consultation with the author and on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation contact Noragric. © Irgen Wiig Sørensen - June 2020 E-mail: [email protected] Noragric - Department of International Environment and Development Studies P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway Tel.: +47 67 23 00 00 https://www.nmbu.no/fakultet/landsam/institutt/noragric Declaration I, Irgen Wiig Sørensen, declare that this thesis is a result of my research investigations and findings. Sources of information other than my own have been acknowledged and a reference list has been appended. This work has not been previously submitted to any other university for award of any type of academic degree. Signature ...................................... Date…………………………….. II Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to thank my wife Berit, who has supported me through all the ups and downs and who has contributed with continuous good feedback. -
Resource V15 LIVE ANGOLA REPORT 0.Pdf
FEBRUARY 2011 OIL REVENUES IN ANGOLA MUCH MORE INFORMATION BUT NOT ENOUGH TRANSPARENCY GLOBAL WITNESS | OSISA ANGOLA | OIL REVENUES IN ANGOLA 2 Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa-Angola (OSISA-Angola): VISION: Building Vibrant and Tolerant Democracies in Southern Africa (Angola). MISSION: To promote societies that are open, tolerant, democratic, participatory and transparent and that respect and uphold the rule of law, freedom of the press and information, human rights and good governance. Global Witness Global Witness is a UK-based non-governmental organisation which investigates the role of natural resources in funding conflict and corruption around the world. References to Global Witness Note on the February 2011 edition: in this report are to Global Witness The first edition of this report, Limited, a company limited by published in December 2010, included guarantee and incorporated in a comparison between published England (Company No. 2871809) Angolan oil prices and an average value for Sonangol’s oil exports. This comparison has been removed from the new edition because it drew on data Global Witness Limited from Sonangol’s accounts which were Buchanan House based on technical cost estimates, not 30 Holborn on market prices, and were therefore London not comparable to market prices United Kingdom published by other entities. EC1N 2HS This edition also contains added points Email: [email protected] of information on the distinction between Sonangol’s oil exports as an agent of the Angolan state, and as a participant in concession agreements. GLOBAL WITNESS | OSISA ANGOLA | OIL REVENUES IN ANGOLA 3 CONTENTS Contents 9. How much money does Angola receive 37 from oil bonuses? Executive summary 4 9.a Signature bonuses 38 9.b Signature bonuses in 2006 38 Introduction 7 9.c “Social bonuses” 39 Why oil revenue transparency matters in Angola 7 9.d Sonangol’s reporting on bonuses in 2008 39 Are the Angolan government’s data reliable? 9 Systemic problems with the official data 10 10. -
GRANDE ENTREVISTA (THE BIG INTERVIEW) with VÍTOR GONÇALVES, RTP 3 15 January 2020
GRANDE ENTREVISTA (THE BIG INTERVIEW) WITH VÍTOR GONÇALVES, RTP 3 15 January 2020 A very good evening. In an unprecedented decision, the Angolan courts decided to seize the Angolan bank accounts and company holdings of the businesswoman Isabel dos Santos. In her first interview with Portuguese television, Isabel dos Santos will explain what she thinks is happening in her country, Angola, and how she will respond to this decision by the Luanda Court. She will do this today in a special edition of RTP’s Grande Entrevista recorded in London. First of all, Isabel dos Santos, thank you very much for agreeing to be interviewed. The Provincial Court of Luanda believes that the businesses owned by you and your husband and the Portuguese director of your companies, Mário Leite da Silva, have deprived the Angolan state of an extraordinary amount of money: of $1,136,996,825.56 to be precise. Do you accept this allegation? Good evening, Vítor Gonçalves, and thank you for giving me the chance to answer your questions. As you can no doubt imagine, this is a very difficult time in my life. These allegations are accusations that I take very seriously. I have always worked with the greatest transparency, so all my business is very well known. I have operated in Angola for more than 20 years. I have operated in Portugal since 2005 or 2006. I have always operated transparently. I have always informed the authorities, both in Angola and in Portugal, of my investment plans. As you can imagine, a person in my position, with family connections to the President of the Republic, is subject to a great deal of scrutiny. -
African Women Large-Scale Entrepreneurs: Cases from Angola, Nigeria and Ghana
chapter 14 African Women Large-Scale Entrepreneurs: Cases from Angola, Nigeria and Ghana Miriam Siun, Akinyinka Akinyoade and Ewurabena Quaye Introduction This paper critically examines the road to prosperity for three African wom- en entrepreneurs of large-scale businesses within male-dominated fields of portfolio – investments, oil production and construction. Angolan Isabel Dos Santos, Nigeria’s Folorunsho Alakija and Ghana’s Dr. Theresa Oppong-Beeko are highly ranked among the wealthiest women in Africa. In fact, Dos Santos and Alakija are positioned as number eight and number thirteen in terms of personal wealth on the continent irrespective of gender, as contained on the African section of Forbes’ annual list of the world’s billionaires.1 Dos Santos, Alakija and Dr Oppong-Beeko have firmly established themselves and their companies in their respective industries, despite the challenges women face to enter these spaces. In some quarters, their individual trajectories to wealth calls meritocracy into question, as claims of patrimonialism and corruption is sometimes used to taint their accomplishments. This necessitates further studies on the obstacles for African women to become large-scale entrepre- neurs without personal connections to influential people/high profile leader- ship. In conclusion, this paper warns against uncritical praise of success stories on the basis of gender and takes a class-based approach to the study of women and entrepreneurship in Africa. In the mid-to-late twentieth century, Africa was afflicted with political and economic turmoil that made the continent unattractive to both domestic and foreign investors. Failure of most of its countries in attracting foreign invest- ment, coupled with capital flight as domestic savers sought investment op- portunities in more stable economies abroad further dampened the economic outlook (Mbaku, 2013). -
OPEC Chief Says Oil Market Responding Well to Record OPEC+
May 21, 2020 OPEC chief says oil market responding well to "Chinese refiners have lost lots of money on refined oil record OPEC+ cut exports as demand in overseas markets was hit badly by the coronavirus," said Ding Xu of China-based Sublime OPEC is encouraged by a rally in oil prices and strong Info, adding that they would rather focus on the home adherence to its latest output cut, its secretary general market. said, although sources say the group has not ruled For the past two months, a complex refinery was losing out further steps to support the market. money producing gasoline as demand crashed following The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting lockdowns to curb the spread of the coronavirus. Countries, Russia and other allies, a group known as China's retail fuel prices are protected by a minimum Brent OPEC+, are cutting supply by a record 9.7 million crude price of $40 a barrel, however, and home demand barrels per day (bpd) from May 1 to offset a slump in has recovered swiftly, denting exports, said Kostantsa prices and demand caused by the coronavirus Rangelova of JBC Energy. outbreak. Expectations of lower Chinese petrol exports and optimism Oil prices have more than doubled since hitting a 21- over global demand recovery flipped Asia's refining margin year low below $16 in April. So far in May, OPEC+ to a small premium of 4 cents to Brent crude on Tuesday has cut oil exports by about 6 million bpd, according for the first time in about two months. -
Oiling Economic Growth and Development: Sonangol and the Governance of Oil Revenues in Angola
Development Planning Division Working Paper Series No. 21 Oiling economic growth and development: Sonangol and the governance of oil revenues in Angola George C Lwanda 2011 Development Planning Division Working Paper Series No. 21 Published by Development Planning Division Development Bank of Southern Africa PO Box 1234 Halfway House 1685 South Africa Telephone: +27 11 313 3048 Telefax: +27 11 206 3048 Email: [email protected] Intellectual Property and Copyright © Development Bank of Southern Africa Limited This document is part of the knowledge products and services of the Development Bank of Southern Africa Limited and is therefore the intellectual property of the Development Bank of Southern Africa. All rights are reserved. This document may be reproduced for non-profit and teaching purposes. Whether this document is used or cited in part or in its entirety, users are requested to acknowledge this source. Please use the suggested citation given above. Legal Disclaimer The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this report are those of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Development Bank of Southern Africa. Nor do they indicate that the DBSA endorses the views of the authors. In quoting from this document, users are advised to attribute the source of this information to the author(s) concerned and not to the DBSA. In the preparation of this document, every effort was made to offer the most current, correct and clearly expressed information possible. Nonetheless, inadvertent errors can occur, and applicable laws, rules and regulations may change. The Development Bank of Southern Africa makes its documentation available without warranty of any kind and accepts no responsibility for its accuracy or for any consequences of its use. -
Thirst for African
Thirst for African Oil: Asian National Oil Companies in Nigeria and Angola Alex Vines, Lillian Wong, Markus Weimer, Indira Campos Thirst for African Oil Asian National Oil Companies in Nigeria and Angola A Chatham House Report Alex Vines, Lillian Wong, Markus Weimer and Indira Campos Chatham House, 10 St James’s Square, London SW1Y 4LE T: +44 (0)20 7957 5700 E: [email protected] www.chathamhouse.org.uk F: +44 (0)20 7957 5710 www.chathamhouse.org.uk Charity Registration Number: 208223 Thirst for African Oil Asian National Oil Companies in Nigeria and Angola A Chatham House Report Alex Vines, Lillian Wong, Markus Weimer and Indira Campos www.chathamhouse.org.uk i www.chathamhouse.org.uk Chatham House has been the home of the Royal Institute of International Affairs for over eight decades. Our mission is to be a world-leading source of independent analysis, informed debate and influential ideas on how to build a prosperous and secure world for all. © Royal Institute of International Affairs, August 2009 Chatham House (the Royal Institute of International Affairs) is an independent body which promotes the rigorous study of international questions and does not express opinion of its own. The opinions expressed in this publication are the responsibility of the authors. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. Please direct all enquiries to the publishers. Chatham House 10 St James’s Square London, SW1Y 4LE T: +44 (0) 20 7957 5700 F: +44 (0) 20 7957 5710 www.chathamhouse.org.uk Charity Registration No. -
Angola Ex-First Daughter Isabel Dos Santos Charged with Fraud
12 Friday International Friday, January 24, 2020 Angola ex-first daughter Isabel dos Santos charged with fraud Portuguese banker named in probe found dead LUANDA: Angola’s billionaire former first but poor southern African country and moving said Gros. Angola is still reeling from dos San- daughter Isabel dos Santos has been charged it abroad with the help of Western firms. tos’s kleptocratic rule during which key positions with money laundering and mismanagement The “Luanda Leaks” scoop, published on were awarded to his cronies and wealth amassed during her stewardship of state-owned oil firm Sunday by some of the world’s top media out- in the hands of a select few. Lourenco has vowed Sonangol, as Luanda moves to try and bring her lets, has put pressure on the government of Por- to crack down on corruption and launched a home to face trial for looting the country’s cof- tugal, Angola’s former colonial ruler, and some large-scale purge of the dos Santos administra- fers. Documents leaked this week alleged the major corporations to explain what they know tion. He removed Isabel dos Santos from her top daughter of ex-president Jose Eduardo dos and what they did. Dubbed “the princess” by job at Sonangol shortly after he came to power. Santos plundered state revenues to build her Angolans, Isabel dos Santos was named Africa’s Prosecutors last month froze bank accounts fortune, estimated at $2.1 billion. richest woman by Forbes in 2013. She stopped and assets owned by Isabel dos Santos and her “Isabel dos Santos is accused of mismanage- living in Angola after her father stepped down in husband Sindika Dokolo as part of the probe.