Massive and Misunderstood Data-Driven Insights Into National Oil Companies
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Business Success, Angola-Style
J. of Modern African Studies, 45, 4 (2007), pp. 595–619. f 2007 Cambridge University Press doi:10.1017/S0022278X07002893 Printed in the United Kingdom Business success,Angola-style: postcolonial politics and the rise and rise of Sonangol RICARDO SOARES DE OLIVEIRA Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Oxford, Manor Road, Oxford OX1 3UQ, United Kingdom Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper investigates a paradoxical case of business success in one of the world’s worst-governed states, Angola. Founded in 1976 as the essential tool of the Angolan end of the oil business, Sonangol, the national oil company, was from the very start protected from the dominant (both predatory and centrally planned) logic of Angola’s political economy. Throughout its first years, the pragmatic senior management of Sonangol accumulated technical and mana- gerial experience, often in partnership with Western oil and consulting firms. By the time the ruling party dropped Marxism in the early 1990s, Sonangol was the key domestic actor in the economy, an island of competence thriving in tandem with the implosion of most other Angolan state institutions. However, the grow- ing sophistication of Sonangol (now employing thousands of people, active in four continents, and controlling a vast parallel budget of offshore accounts and myriad assets) has not led to the benign developmental outcomes one would expect from the successful ‘capacity building’ of the last thirty years. Instead, Sonangol has primarily been at the service of the presidency and its rentier ambitions. Amongst other themes, the paper seeks to highlight the extent to which a nominal ‘failed state’ can be successful amidst widespread human destitution, provided that basic tools for elite empowerment (in this case, Sonangol and the means of coercion) exist to ensure the viability of incumbents. -
2016 EITI Report
Contents List of Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................6 Executive Summary........................................................................................................................8 1. EITI in Iraq .............................................................................................................................. 14 1.1. About the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) ................................... 14 1.2. EITI Implementation in Iraq .................................................................................................. 14 1.3. EITI Governance and leadership in Iraq (Requirement 1.1 – 1.3) ................................ 16 1.4. MSG Governance (Requirement 1.4) .................................................................................. 17 1.5. MSG Workplan (Requirement 1.5) ....................................................................................... 18 2. Legal Framework and Fiscal Regime for the Extractive Industries (Requirement 2.1) . 20 2.1. National Governance Structures ......................................................................................... 20 2.2. Overview of the regulations applicable to extractive industries ................................. 21 2.2.1. Extractive sector regulations in federal Iraq ........................................................................ 21 2.2.2. Overview of the corporate income tax and withholding tax regimes applicable -
OEF 107 November 2016.Indd
NOVEMBER 2016: Issue 107 forum A QUARTERLY JOURNAL FOR DEBATING ENERGY ISSUES AND POLICIES It is well known that Russia is heavily not be practically possible, meaning CONTENTS dependent on its energy sector, from that oil and gas companies could face both an economic and a political a stealth increase in their overall tax Russian energy issues in a volatile perspective. As a result, the fall in the burden. environment oil price over the past two years and the Tatiana Mitrova then discusses one Russia’s macroeconomic problems and dramatic changes taking place in the of the key factors underpinning the the risks to the oil and gas sector global gas market are having signifi cant survival of Russia’s hydrocarbon Christopher Granville 4 consequences for both the Kremlin and industry in 2016, namely the devaluation Russia’s domestic energy companies. Cost dynamics in the Russian energy sector of the ruble and its impact on cost Tatiana Mitrova 7 However, instead of reviewing the competitiveness. The Russian increased risks for Russia from the The Rosneftization of the Russian oil sector government’s decision not to protect change in global energy markets, this Nina Poussenkova 9 the domestic currency as the oil price edition of the Oxford Energy Forum collapsed has signifi cantly enhanced Securing the future: the implications of discusses how Russia has started the position of exporting industries, India’s expanding role in the Russian oil to adapt its policies and commercial reducing their costs in US$ terms, sector strategies in a number of different areas. Vitaly Yermakov 12 but Mitrova argues that this benefi t Some of the new strategies appear very has limited further upside and could positive, while others carry inherent Ukraine’s dramatic gas import diversifi cation risks, but all show how the world’s indeed be reversed if the oil price Simon Pirani 15 largest producer of hydrocarbons is recovers. -
Structuring Petroleum-Sector Institutions
Briefing October 2014 Considerations for Indonesia’s Universitas New Government: Structuring Gadjah Mada Petroleum-Sector Institutions Patrick Heller and Poppy Ismalina As Indonesia’s new government seeks to maximize the country’s benefits from the petroleum sector, one of its most important tasks will be to resolve the longstanding uncertainty surrounding the roles and responsibilities of the public institutions responsible for managing the sector. This briefing offers a perspective based on global experience in oil and gas as well as Indonesia’s own history. WHY PETROLEUM-SECTOR INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE MATTERS Effectively allocating roles and responsibilities among ministries, Pertamina, and other government agencies is crucial if Indonesia is to tackle the challenge of reinvigorating its petroleum sector. Indonesia faces declining petroleum reserves and production, rising consumption, costly fuel subsidies and a desire to boost the performance of Pertamina. The country therefore requires an institutional structure that will enable it to execute a coherent strategy and that empowers the assigned entities to manage exploration, production, relationships with contractors, tax collection and the enforcement of Indonesia’s laws and contracts. Most importantly, the government must decide whether to house regulatory (i.e., monitoring and oversight) responsibilities within Pertamina or in another body. The new government has an opportunity to reconcile the Constitutional Court’s decision on BP Migas and build a coherent, effective, forward-looking structure. In the aftermath of the 2012 Constitutional Court decision—which invalidated the role of independent regulator BP Migas as established in 2001 on the grounds that it did not meet the state’s responsibilities under Article 33 of the constitution—there has been confusion about the present and the future of government responsibility for the petroleum sector. -
17CTCE Onsite Prog A5+TD.Indd
Conference Programme SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference and Exhibition Chasing the Margins 1 – 3 November 2017 I Baku, Azerbaijan CELEBRATING 20 YEARS OF THE SPE BAKU SECTION 1997-2017 Host Organisation: Platinum Sponsor: In Participation With: SM Fairmont Hotel, Baku Azerbaijan I www.spe.org/go/17ctce WELCOME FROM THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE CO-CHAIRS ABOUT SPE TABLE OF CONTENTS Dear Colleague, Society of Petroleum Engineers Sponsors 2 The Society of Petroleum Engineers About our Partners 3 As conference co-chairs, and on behalf of the Conference Executive and Technical (SPE) is a not-for-profi t professional Venue Floor Plan 4 Programme Committees, we thank you for attending the SPE Annual Caspian Technical association whose members are Schedule of Events 5 engaged in energy resources Conference and Exhibition. Committees 7 development and production. SPE serves more than 164,000 members Opening Ceremony 8 This year’s conference theme “Chasing the Margins” will focus on the current market in 143 countries worldwide. SPE is a Conference Programme and Panel Sessions 9 conditions facing the oil and gas industry, both globally and on a local level, and the ways key resource for technical knowledge Technical Programme 11 in which our industry should respond. The velocity and magnitude of price volatility has related to the oil and gas exploration Speaker Biographies 23 pushed the industry to shift focus from “chasing barrels” towards “chasing effi ciency” to and production industry and provides General Information 28 services through its publications, events, Student Development Summit 30 enhance the value of the ultimate products. The modernisation of the industry, the training courses, and online resources at collaboration between oil and gas operators, contractors, service providers and www.spe.org. -
Media Monitoring Online Pertamina Projects Stall Amid Policy
Media Monitoring Online Pertamina Projects Stall Amid Policy Flip-flops, Refinery Blaze Tanggal : Rabu , 31 Maret 2021 Media : The Jakarta Post Halaman : 2 Wartawan : Vincent Lingga Muatan Berita : Netral Narasumber : None () Rubrik : Headlines Topik : Kilang Minyak Nilai Iklan : Rp. 78.000.000 This is really bad news for energy, an extremely vital component of the economy. While Pertamina’s four refinery upgrade projects and two greenfield refinery projects launched in 2014 have been delayed by several years or even canceled, an inferno fire gutted the state-owned oil and gas giant’s newest refinery at Balongan, West Java, early Monday morning. Even though Pertamina has made assurances that the incident would not disrupt fuel supply and distribution, we cannot help but be concerned about the damage incurred on the downstream oil industry. Already Southeast Asia’s largest net importer of crude oil, gasoline and gasoil at an annual volume of almost 1 million barrels per day (bpd), Indonesia may have to import more refined fuel until the Balongan refinery resumes production at its 125,000 bpd full capacity. Pertamina’s six old refineries, which have a combined capacity of 1 million bpd, are able to produce only 850,000 bpd of refined fuel, barely half of national demand. Importing more fuel means stronger pressures on the balance of payments and larger drain on the foreign exchange reserves. The Balongan refinery, which came on stream in 1994, was the last plant Pertamina built. Many new greenfield and expansion projects that have been planned since then have suffered cancellations or prolonged delays due to the country’s notorious policy flip-flops and bureaucratic barriers. -
Process Technologies and Projects for Biolpg
energies Review Process Technologies and Projects for BioLPG Eric Johnson Atlantic Consulting, 8136 Gattikon, Switzerland; [email protected]; Tel.: +41-44-772-1079 Received: 8 December 2018; Accepted: 9 January 2019; Published: 15 January 2019 Abstract: Liquified petroleum gas (LPG)—currently consumed at some 300 million tonnes per year—consists of propane, butane, or a mixture of the two. Most of the world’s LPG is fossil, but recently, BioLPG has been commercialized as well. This paper reviews all possible synthesis routes to BioLPG: conventional chemical processes, biological processes, advanced chemical processes, and other. Processes are described, and projects are documented as of early 2018. The paper was compiled through an extensive literature review and a series of interviews with participants and stakeholders. Only one process is already commercial: hydrotreatment of bio-oils. Another, fermentation of sugars, has reached demonstration scale. The process with the largest potential for volume is gaseous conversion and synthesis of two feedstocks, cellulosics or organic wastes. In most cases, BioLPG is produced as a byproduct, i.e., a minor output of a multi-product process. BioLPG’s proportion of output varies according to detailed process design: for example, the advanced chemical processes can produce BioLPG at anywhere from 0–10% of output. All these processes and projects will be of interest to researchers, developers and LPG producers/marketers. Keywords: Liquified petroleum gas (LPG); BioLPG; biofuels; process technologies; alternative fuels 1. Introduction Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) is a major fuel for heating and transport, with a current global market of around 300 million tonnes per year. -
A CITIZEN's GUIDE to NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES Part a Technical Report
A CITIZEN’S GUIDE TO NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES Part A Technical Report October 2008 Copyright © 2008 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 and The Center for Energy Economics/Bureau of Economic Geology Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin 1801 Allen Parkway Houston, TX 77019 All rights reserved. This paper is an informal document intended to provide input for the selection of a sample of representative national oil companies to be analyzed within the context of the Study on National Oil Companies and Value Creation launched in March 2008 by the Oil, Gas, and Mining Policy Division of The World Bank. The manuscript of this paper has not been prepared in accordance with the procedures appropriate to formally edited texts. Some sources cited in this paper may be informal documents that are not readily available. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. This report may not be resold, reprinted, or redistributed for compensation of any kind without prior written permission. For free downloads of this paper or to make inquiries, please contact: Oil, Gas, and Mining Policy Division Center for Energy Economics The World Bank Bureau of Economic Geology 2121 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Jackson School of Geosciences Washington DC, 20433 The University of Texas at Austin Telephone: 202-473-6990 Telephone: +1 281-313-9753 Fax: 202-522 0395 Fax: +1 281-340-3482 Email: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.worldbank.org/noc. -
Endorser Statements (In Alphabetical Order)
Endorser Statements (in alphabetical order) Rovnag Abdullayev, President, SOCAR (Azerbaijan) “The growing global oil & gas industry has also brought into the global agenda the mitigation of negative effects to the environment and climate change as well as environmental protection. Azerbaijan, as an oil producing country, has undertaken bold actions and achieved significant results during the past several years. SOCAR has joined the World Bank’s initiative “Zero Routine Flaring by 2030” together with global oil giants and was the fifth company to endorse the initiative. Through joining World Bank's initiative on gas flaring, SOCAR has achieved to decrease the ratio of flared gas to 1.7% in 2013 and 1.6% in 2014 accordingly. Moreover, the captured flare gas was channeled into gas transportation network to be delivered to end consumers. This fact highlights once again the importance that Azerbaijan pays to environmental protection and mitigation of climate change risks.” Solomon Asamoah, Vice President, African Development Bank “We welcome this global Initiative to end routine flaring no later than 2030. The African Development Bank’s strategy for the period 2013 – 2022 has inclusive and green growth as the overarching objectives and this initiative is clearly aligned with our strategic focus of sustainable development.” Børge Brende, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Norway “In Norway flaring, except emergency flaring, has been forbidden from the start of our oil production, to avoid wasting resources. Later, global warming reinforced our commitment. Flaring in the Arctic is especially damaging. Carbon from the flaring falls on snow and the glacier, accelerating the melting. We have all seen the disturbing pictures of polar bears without their natural habitat of ice. -
Overview of the Ukrainian Oil and Gas and Shale Gas Market Opportunities
1/25 Overview of the Ukrainian Oil & Gas and Shale Gas Market Opportunities by Lyubomyr Goncharuk Adviser to the Minister of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine Canada - Ukraine Oil & Gas Opportunities Workshop, Kyiv, February 25-26, 2013 2/25 CONTENTS 1. Reserves & Resources 2. Production & Consumption 3. Opportunities Canada - Ukraine Oil & Gas Opportunities Workshop, Kyiv, February 25-26, 2013 3/25 1. Reserves & Resources Canada - Ukraine Oil & Gas Opportunities Workshop, Kyiv, February 25-26, 2013 4/25 Canada - Ukraine Four oil and gas provinces are recognized Oil & Gas Opportunities in the country, including 11 oil-gas Workshop, Kyiv basins and 35 prospective areas. February 25-26, 2013 Hydrocarbon deposits are being exploited for oil, gas, and condensate in the following regions: Oil & Gas 1/2 • A – the Eastern Region (Dniprovsko- Donetska Depression and northwestern Crystalline basement slopes portion of Donbas); Voronezhska Volyno- Podilska Dniprovsko-Donetska Depression A Plate • B – the Western Region (Volyno- B Kyiv Anticline Lvivskiy Podilska Plate, Fore-Carpathians, Trough Fore-Carpathian Trough Folded Carpathians Folded Carpathians, and Trans- Donbas Transcarpathians UKRAINIAN SHIELD Carpathians); • C – the Southern Region 200 km Fore-Crimean Depression (Prychornomorya, Crimea, and the Azov Sea Fore- exclusive marine economic zone of the Dobrugean C Scythian Trough Plate Black Sea and Azov Sea offshore). Black Sea Mountain Crimea 5/25 Canada - Ukraine In 2011, production amounted to 2.4 million Oil & Gas Opportunities tons of oil, 0.9 million tons of condensate, Workshop, Kyiv and 20.6 billion cubic meters of natural gas. February 25-26, 2013 The State Inventory includes 187 oil deposits Oil & Gas 2/2 (121 in production), 202 condensate deposits (142 in production), and 380 natural Crystalline basement slopes gas deposits (224 in production). -
Turkish Petroleum Corp. and Cooperations with Nocs and Iocs
NOC-IOC Forum Enhancing Global Energy Security through Cooperation and Partnership 30-31 March, 2009 - Kuwait Turkish Petroleum Corp. and Cooperations with NOCs and IOCs Mehmet UYSAL President & CEO TPAO TPAO: Turkish National Oil Company since 1954 • Reserve: ~ 1 billion boe • 2P Reserve: ~ 9 billion boe • Current Production: ~ 80.000 boe/d • E&P experience over 50 years • Recent Offshore Discoveries • Intense Deep Offshore Exploration Activities • Focus: Middle East, North Africa,Caspian Region and South America • Target: E&P Growth, Transportation & Retail Expansion • Current Cash Flow: $ 2,2 billion • 5 year E&P Investments (2004-08): $ 3.54 billion Energy Corridor and CEYHAN Ceyhan OIL GAS LNG Ceyhan Energy Hub BLUENABUCCOBTCSAMSUNTURKMENISTANWESTERNTURKEYIRANKERKTURKEY PIPELINE USTREAM–K ISTURKEY- -–GREECE INCEYHAN PIPELINECEYHAN BETWEEN - 1 PIPELINE-– ITALY THEPIPELINEPIPELINE IRANPIPELINE PRODUCERS INTERCONNECTORPIPELINE AND CONSUMERS, SCP PIPELINE BLUEARAPIRAQLNG (NIGERIA STREAM–GASTURKEYTHEREFORE PIPELINE -2ALGERIA) PROJECT PIPELINE IT IS A NATURAL BRIDGE. Bottlenecks of transportation : 1 Million b/d 3 Million b/d 17 Million b/d 1 Million b/d 12 Million b/d 4 Million b/d 3 Million b/d 6,5 – 7 Million barrel of oil will be marketed via Turkey. NOC’s and IOC’s Oil & Gas Reserves and Daily Productions Oil Reserves Oil Production Billion Barrel EI TOP 100 : 1.059,4 (%86) World Reserve: 1.237,9 2008- EI TOP 100 COMPANIES Natural Gas Reserves Natural Gas Production Tcm EI TOP 100 : 120 (%68) World Reserve: 177,4 Source: BP Statistical Review 2008 , EI Top 100 Companies (2008) Cooperations in BLACK SEA PETROBRAS %50 TPAO %50 Exploration Blocks EXXONMOBIL %50 TPAO %50 Exploration Blocks TPAO %13,5 Expl. -
Kazmunaygas National Company JCS - Climate Change 2019
KazMunayGas National Company JCS - Climate Change 2019 C0. Introduction C0.1 (C0.1) Give a general description and introduction to your organization. JSC National Company “KazMunayGas” (KMG) is a vertically integrated national oil and gas company that operates across upstream, midstream and downstream segments, representing the interests of the state in the oil and gas industry of Kazakhstan. Outside of Kazakhstan, KMG has more than a thousand fuel sales points in Romania, Moldova, Bulgaria, and Georgia. KMG International N.V. is a strategic enterprise for oil refining and marketing in Romania and the countries of the Black Sea and Mediterranean basins with the access to the end-user market with a population of more than 300 million people. The company accounts for 26% of the total oil and gas condensate and 15% of natural and associated gas production in Kazakhstan, 56% of oil transportation via oil pipelines and tankers from the port of Aktau, as well as 79% of natural gas transportation via main gas pipelines and 82% of oil refining in Kazakhstan with a share of oil products retail market amounting to 17%. KMG also contributes to the economic growth of Kazakhstan and Romania by employing over 83 thousand people. We recognise that our long-term success depends on how effectively, transparently and responsibly we conduct our business. We are committed to support and develop the expertise and knowledge of our human capital as well as to work closely with the communities to ensure operational excellence in regions where we operate. We also understand that the company holds the responsibility to continuously improve its environmental performance by reducing its environmental footprint, improving the products and introducing innovative green technologies.