Rod El Farag Axis Bridge Cairo, Egypt

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Rod El Farag Axis Bridge Cairo, Egypt PROJECT SHEET Rod el Farag Axis Bridge Cairo, Egypt Construction ARAB CONTRACTORS COMPANY Consulting Engineer ACE MOHARRAM-BAKHOUM Owner ARMED FORCES ENGINEERING AUTHORITY Products CONCENTRATE Project Type CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE Cable-stayed Rod el Farag Axis Bridge is the widest in the world. The Rod el Farag Axis Bridge, inaugurated in key challenges for the bridge designers was May 2019 by Egyptian president Abdel Fattah how to adequately protect the critical con- El Sisi, is the final element completing a criti- crete structures from the effects of air pollu- cal new 600 km (373 mile) travel corridor that tion and the moist riverine environment. links the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. A key project goal is to reduce traffic congestion in ACE Moharram-Bakhoum, consulting engi- central Cairo by linking eastern Cairo to the neers for the bridge project, recommended country’s northern regions without passing that Arab Contractors treat the main con- through the center of the capital city. crete towers with Xypex Concentrate in order Rod el Farag Axis Bridge location north of to provide integral, lifetime protection from central Cairo provides a bypass corridor that The new bridge—also known as the Tahya natural and manmade elements. allows traffic to flow from Red Sea in the east to Masr Bridge (‘Long Live Egypt Bridge’)—was the Mediterranean in the north without passing built in just four years by a consortium of Xypex Concentrate consists of Portland ce- through downtown Cairo. Egyptian firms led by the Arab Contractors ment, finely graded sand and active proprie- Company under the supervision of the Armed tary chemicals. Concentrate was applied by Forces Engineering Authority. The 540 m brush as a cementitous slurry to 1,000 square (1,772 ft) bridge features six traffic lanes in meters of pre-saturated concrete surface on each direction and, at 67.36 m (220 ft 9.6 in) the six bridge towers. wide, it has been deemed the widest cable- stayed bridge in world by Guinness World The active chemicals within Xypex Concen- Records. trate diffuse into the substrate and react with moisture and the constituents of hard- More than one million cubic meters of con- ened concrete to cause a catalytic reaction. crete was used to build the bridge, which This reaction generates a non-soluble crys- was used in the bridge decking, girders, and talline formation throughout the pores and six 92 m (302 ft) tall concrete towers that capillary tracts of the concrete that perma- support 160 steel support cables. One of the nently seals the concrete and prevents the Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9 Tel: 604.273.5265 [email protected] www.xypex.com PROJECT SHEET Several custom-made crane barges were built Six lanes in each direction. The Rod el Farag Axis Bridge spans the Nile between the Shobra just for the Rod el Farag Axis Bridge construction region of Cairo to Warriq Island. Many ramps and overpasses feed into and out of the 12 lanes project. Six 92 m tall towers support 160 cables. that flow across the new Rod el Farag Axis Bridge. The concrete towers were protected with Xypex Concentrate. penetration of water and other liquids from “We have worked with the ACE consulting any direction, even under high hydrostatic engineers on this and other projects in the pressure. past,” Saad notes. “The consultants have had excellent experiences with Xypex on sev- Xypex Concentrate not only permanently seals eral important projects. They recognize that the concrete and can heal hairline cracks up there are other alternatives—perhaps even to 0.4 mm, it also provides chemical resis- less expensive than Xypex—but only Xypex tance properties that mitigate the attack of delivers true crystalline waterproofing tech- chlorides, sulfates and the effects of carbon- nology that has been proven in high profile ation and alkali-aggregate reaction. projects around the world for more than Glass panels on right side of walkway provide 40 years.” view down to Nile. The 1,000 kilos of Xypex Concentrate required for the Rod el Farag Axis Bridge project were It took the Arab Contractors crew just 24 provided by the Xypex distributor for Egypt, hours to treat the six main columns of the Beton Alexco, of Alexandria, Egypt. “Xypex Rod el Farag Axis Bridge with Xypex Concen- Concentrate was applied at a rate of one part trate. The huge towers support 160 separate water to 2.5 parts Concentrate powder,” ex- steel cables, requiring 1,500 km (870 miles) plains Xypex representative Amr Saad, when of steel wire. The towers are built on more reached at his office in Alexandria. than 6,000 pilings. Saad’s company has provided Xypex prod- “The Xypex Concentrate will provide protec- ucts—including Xypex Admix, Concentrate, tion for this historic bridge for the lifetime of Megamix and Patch’n Plug—for many high the structure without any further mainte- Four years in the making, the Rod el Farag Axis profile projects in Egypt, including restora- nance or renewal,” says Amr Saad. “Our Bridge required 4,000 engineers, technicians and workers to complete. tion of the Cairo Metro Line; waterproofing market here in Egypt is gradually growing to of the Ramses 2 monument; repairs to the understand the difference that Xypex crystal- Suez Canal; and waterproofing of the Capital lization technology provides. No other prod- Business Park. uct on the market has the proven experience and research results that we do. When cus- tomers want the best, they come to us.” Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9 Tel: 604.273.5265 [email protected] www.xypex.com.
Recommended publications
  • Local Development Ii Urban Project
    LOCAL DEVELOPMENT II URBAN PROJECT Submited to USAID /CAIRO Submitted by WILBUR SMITH ASSOCIATES inassociation with PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SERVICE DELOITTE AND TOUCHE DEVELOPMENT CON-JLTING OFFICE ENGINEERING AND GEOLOGICAL CONSULTING OFFICE REPORT ON SUII-PROJECI' RNING FOR i'ROJIICIN CARRIED OUT DURING FY 1988 DECMBER 1990 Submitted to USAID/CAIRO Submitted by WILBUR SMITl ASSOCIATES Public Administration Service Dcloit & Touch Dcvclopmcnt Consulting Officc Enginecring & Geological Consulting Office 21-S.663 TABLE OF CONTENTS Subject Page No. 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. DESIGN 2 2.1 General 2 2.2 Project Documents 2 2.3 Conclusions 2 3. COST ESTIMATES 7 3.1 General 7 3.2 Conclusions 7 4. CONSTRUCTION QUALITY CONTROL/SCHEDULING 11 4.1 General 11 4.2 Conclusion 11 5. IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION 20 5.1 General 20 5.2 Breakdown of Sectors-Implementation 20 5.3 Breakdown of Sectors-Operation 21 5.4 Analysis by Sector 21 6. INCOME GENERATION 51 6.1 Cost Recovery 51 7. MAINTENANCE 58 7.1 General 58 7.2 Education Sector 58 7.3 Conclusions 59 8. USAID PLAQUES 65 9. SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS 67 APPENDICES: Sub-Project Profile FY 88 a-1 Rating Field Work Sheets b-I/b-5 LIST OF TABLES Table No. Page No. 2-1 Adequacy of Design 5 2-2 Adequacy of Design (Standard Deviation) 7 3-1 Adherence to Estimated Cost 9 3-2 Adherence to Contract Cost 10 4-1 Adequacy of Construction 13 4-2 Adequacy of Construction (Standard Deviation) 15 4-3 Adherence to Schedule - Construction 16 4-4 Adherence to Schedule - Equipment 17 4-5 Adherence to Schedule - Utilities 18 4-6 Adequacy
    [Show full text]
  • Public Private Partnership PPP & the Egyptian Experience
    Public Private Partnership PPP & The Egyptian Experience Bassel Shoirah Project Manager / Utilities Sector PPP Central Unit Ministry of Finance - Egypt Good Governance for Development In Arab Countries initiatives of the OECD July 8, 2009 Ministry of Finance PPP Central Unit Agenda • What is PPP? • Why PPP’s ? • Conclusion • PPP Program needs • PPP Structure • PPP Program in Egypt • PPP Policy framework • Achievements-to-date • Egyptian PPP Pipeline projects – 5 years plan • PPP new Cairo Wastewater Treatment Plant • Contract Structure • Tendering Procedures • Pipeline Projects in Utilities Sector • Key Challenges and Issues • Lessons Learnt Ministry of Finance PPP Central Unit What is PPP? . PPP is a long term contractual relationship between the Public Sector and the Private Sector for the purpose of having the Private Sector deliver a project or service traditionally provided by the Public Sector . PPP projects do not minimize Line Ministries’ responsibility to improve public services, only the procurement methodology is different Ministry of Finance PPP Central Unit What is PPP? (cont..)‏ Performance-based contract under which the private sector supplies public services over time and is paid by the Public Sector, end-user or a hybrid of both. Output is specified by Line Ministers while input is the responsibility of the private sector Under the PPP Contract: The Government secures new infrastructure which becomes Government assets at the end of contract life Project and performance risks are allocated to the party best able to manage or mitigate Ministry of Finance PPP Central Unit Why PPP’s? Infrastructure plays an important role of the overall economic development of any country The infrastructure sector needs to urgently implement public sector reforms to address supply-side constraints.
    [Show full text]
  • Egypt State of Environment Report 2008
    Egypt State of Environment Report Egypt State of Environment Report 2008 1 Egypt State of Environment Report 2 Egypt State of Environment Report Acknowledgment I would like to extend my thanks and appreciation to all who contributed in producing this report whether from the Ministry,s staff, other ministries, institutions or experts who contributed to the preparation of various parts of this report as well as their distinguished efforts to finalize it. Particular thanks go to Prof. Dr Mustafa Kamal Tolba, president of the International Center for Environment and Development; Whom EEAA Board of Directors is honored with his membership; as well as for his valuable recommendations and supervision in the development of this report . May God be our Guide,,, Minister of State for Environmental Affairs Eng. Maged George Elias 7 Egypt State of Environment Report 8 Egypt State of Environment Report Foreword It gives me great pleasure to foreword State of Environment Report -2008 of the Arab Republic of Egypt, which is issued for the fifth year successively as a significant step of the political environmental commitment of Government of Egypt “GoE”. This comes in the framework of law no.4 /1994 on Environment and its amendment law no.9/2009, which stipulates in its Chapter Two on developing an annual State of Environment Report to be submitted to the president of the Republic and the Cabinet with a copy lodged in the People’s Assembly ; as well as keenness of Egypt’s political leadership to integrate environmental dimension in all fields to achieve sustainable development , which springs from its belief that protecting the environment has become a necessary requirement to protect People’s health and increased production through the optimum utilization of resources .
    [Show full text]
  • 5.3 FUTURE ROAD SYSTEM PLANNING 5.3.1 Issues
    CREATS Phase I Final Report Vol. III: Transport Master Plan Chapter 5: URBAN ROAD SYSTEM 5.3 FUTURE ROAD SYSTEM PLANNING 5.3.1 Issues (1) Regional Highway Network The Completion and Extension of the Ring Road Network At the end of July 2002, the Ring Road is basically complete except for the closing of the ring in southwest Giza. It has been a major struggle for the MHUUC how to close the Ring Road since its early days of construction. The alignment of the Ring Road in the southwest link shows that it has been critically difficult to close the link at the Haram area. The MHUUC was planning to extend the Ring Road from Interchange IC22 (see Figure 5.3.1) to the 6th of October Road, however, it was finally cancelled due to the international pressure for protecting the cultural heritage preservation area. The Ministry is now planning to extend the road from IC01 to the 6th of October Road by the plan shown in Figure 5.3.1. It also has a branch link to westward to bypass the traffic from the Ring Road (IC01) to Alexandria Desert Road. Source: JICA Study Team based on the information from GOPP Figure 5.3.1 The Ring Road Extension Plans One of the major functions of the Ring Road, to facilitate the connection to the 6th of October City with the existing urban area, can be achieved with this extension. However, unclosed Ring Road will still remain a problem in the network since 5 - 21 CREATS Phase I Final Report Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 3.2 Description of Survey Tasks
    APPENDIX 3.2 DESCRIPTION OF SURVEY TASKS APPENDIX 3.2 DESCRIPTION OF SURVEY TASKS 1. Preparatory Work The candidate survey locations were visited several times to: • Select a suitable location for each survey station. • Determine the required manpower of surveyors and supervisors • Sketch the site and its surrounding features. The following precautions were considered when selecting the survey locations: • The survey site has to be on a straight part of the road to provide sufficient sight distance for the surveyor to see the coming vehicles and to secure the safety of the survey team. • The survey site should be on a level road section to avoid the increase in vehicle speed in the down-grade direction which may increase the hazards possibility against the survey team. • The survey site has to be on an illuminated section as possible to provide adequate vision to the survey team during dark periods of the survey works and maintain safety aspects to the survey team. • The survey site has to be easily accessible by optimizing the transport process of the survey team to/from each site. • A detailed sketch for each survey station site should be prepared by the site supervisors. (1) Locations of Traffic Count Survey A total of 17 traffic count stations were, originally, selected to carry out the manual classified count (MCC) for two days during 18 hours starting from 6:00 A.M. till 12:00 A.M. These count stations can be classified into two major categories. The first category (10 bridges) is represented by a screenline along the Nile River.
    [Show full text]
  • The British Community in Occupied Cairo, 1882-1922
    The British Community in Occupied Cairo, 1882-1922 By: Lanver Mak The School of Oriental and African Studies University of London Submitted for the Degree ofDoctor of Philosophy September 2001 ProQuest Number: 10731322 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731322 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 2 For Sarah and our parents 3 Abstract Though officially ruled by the Ottoman Empire, Egypt was under British occupation between 1882 and 1922. Most studies about the British in Egypt during this time focus on the political and administrative activities of British officials based on government documents or their memoirs and biographies. This thesis focuses on various aspects of the British community in Cairo based on sources that have been previously overlooked such as census records, certain private papers, and business, newspaper, military and missionary archives. At the outset, this discussion introduces demographic data on the British community to establish its size, residential location and context among other foreign communities and the wider Egyptian society. Then it deliberates on the occasional ambiguous boundaries that identified members of the community from non-members as well as the symbols and institutions that united the community.
    [Show full text]
  • A Preliminary Investigation Cairo, Egypt Janua
    PERCEPTION AND UTILIZATION OF HEALTH CtRE 8I4RVICES IN THE GREATER CAIRO AREA: A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION CAIRO, EGYPT JANUARY 1978 PECEPTION AND UTILIZATION OF HEALTH CARE SERVICES IN THE GREATER CAIRO AREA: A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION FEB 2 18 I -j.L This study was carried out by ECTOR of the National Institute of Planning in collabor­ ation with the Ninistry of Health (A.R.E.). Partial funding and technical assistance was provided by USAID JANUARY 1978 tABL3 0 CONTEITS I. INTRODUCTION .......... ........ *............. .......... sso... 1 Il. OBJECTIVES ....................................... * ................ * 3 III. DEMOGRAPHIC OVEVIEW OF THE CAIRO AREA............................ 5 IV. METHODOLOGY .... .......... ............ .... ............. .29 V. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS ................ .................... VI. SUMMARY AND REcICO4ENDATIONS .......................... .... 66 APPENDICES: A. HEALTH SERVICE MAP OF GREATER CAIRO AREA ......... ................. 72 B. SOCIAL PROFILE OF HEALTH ZONES BY 74 ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS ................................... ....... 86 C. ORGANOGRAM OF MOH SERVICES .... .................................... D. LISTING OF TOP-LEVEL HEALTH-SERVICES DIRECTORS 88 INTUVIEED FOR REC4.MDATIONS .......... .............. ............ -1­ LISTING OF TABLES 1. Population Distribution in the Greater Cairo Region -- By City/Markaz and Sex......................... 7 2. Population in Each Ki*s of Cairo Governorate By Sex and Population Density, 1976 .......... ............ 8 3. Population Distribution by Marital
    [Show full text]
  • The Egyptian Patent Attorneys
    The Egyptian Patent Attorneys Serial Name Address Tele. / Fax 1 Hoda Ahmed Abdel 2 Loumomba St., Tel. 034946400 - Hadi Alexandria, Egypt 27934222 20 Aisha Al Fax:034945300 Taymoria St., 27934333 P.O Garden City, Box: 11451 Cairo, Egypt 2 Soheir Mikhael Risk 2 Alamir Kadadar Tel: 27954498 St., Cairo, Egypt Fax : 23545470 3 George Azziz Abdel 4 Amar Bin Tel: 22497848 Malek Yasser St., Saint Fax : 22432347 Fatima, Cairo, Egypt 4 Nadia Shehata Haroun & 169 Mohamed Tel: 23917734 Magda Shehata Haroun Farid St., Cairo, Fax : 23920465 Egypt P.O.Box 1540 Cairo 5 Mohamed Tarek Abou 62 Shehab St., Tel: 33040466 Ragab Mohandseen, Fax: 33032430 Cairo, Egypt 6 Nazih Akhnouk Sadek Ramsis Building, Tel: 25742765 Elias Ramsis Sq, floor Fax : 25751775 8, flat 12, Cairo, Egypt 7 Mohamed Mohamed 26 Shrief St., Tel: 23938126 Bakir Cairo, Egypt Fax: 23925770 P.O.Box: 1349 Cairo 8 Mona Mohamed Bakir 13 Mahmoud Tel: 23402592 Azmy St., Fax : 23403828 Zamalek, Cairo, Egypt 9 Hoda Serag Eldin 10 Aisha El Tel. 27953161- Taymoria St., 27959686 Fax: Garden City, 23552314 Cairo, Egypt 10 Lotfy Mahmoud Lotfy 18 Hoda Tel: 23951595 Sharaway St., Cairo, Egypt 11 Samar Ahmed El 51 El Hegaz St. Tel: 33479952- Labbad Mohandseen, 33462951 Fax : Cairo, Egypt 33445729 12 Ali Hussien Abdel Fatah 12 El Marashly Tel. 27353331- Elshalakany St., Zamalek, 23399105 Fax : Cairo, Egypt 23420661 13 Wagdy Nabeeh Azziz 46 Shahin St., El Tel : 33047212 Fax Agouza, Giza, : 33042022 Egypt Mob:012/2233992 14 Hisham Fathy Esmail 5 El Taher from Tel: 26366426 – Mohamed El Tanahy St., 23885939 Mob: Misr Elgdida, 010566451 Cairo- Egypt 15 Taha Hanafy Mahmoud 16 Sherief St., Tel: 23921647 Cairo, Egypt Fax : 23953006 16 Yaser Farouk Mubarak 25 A Elabour Tel.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Local Scour on Rod El Farag Cable Stayed Bridge Piers
    Al-Azhar University Civil Engineering Research Magazine (CERM) Vol. (41) No. (3) July, 2019 Effect of local scour on Rod El Farag Cable Stayed Bridge Piers Mostafa M. ElSherbeny1, Nahla M. AboulAta2, Nader M. Shafiq3 1 Research assistant, Nile Research Institute, Ministry of irrigation and water resources 2 Prof. of Irrigation design, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University 3 Researcher, Nile Research Institute, Ministry of irrigation and water resources الملخص العربي دراسة تأثير النحر الموضعي علي اساسات الكوبري المعلق بمحور روض الفرج في حاﻻت مختلفة من التصرفات و مناسيب المياه. ودراسة توزيع التصرف حول جزيرة الوراق. Abstract Bridges are very important structures that could be considered as a strategic structure. Local scour is the most common cause of bridge collapse. It is removing bed particles from around bridge Supports because of many variables including continuous flow of water, mean velocity, flow depth, sediment particles size and the pier width. In this case study, the cable stayed bridge of Rod el Farag corridor connects the east branch to El Warraq island. This area is in the fourth reach of river Nile. Water discharge is a necessary variable in boundary conditions that is required in the scour calculation for this area. The water flow is distributed around El Warraq island. A one-dimension mathematical model HEC-RAS was used in preparing simulation to calculate the flow distribution ratio around the island. The same model was used in preparing simulation for the bridge area and calculating both local and contraction scour. Both simulations were calibrated by using a velocity measured data of the research area.
    [Show full text]
  • The People of the City Space, Laboring and Power in Quest of Unraveling the HOW in Ramlet Bulaq
    The American University in Cairo School of Humanities and Social Sciences The People of The City Space, Laboring and Power In Quest of Unraveling the HOW in Ramlet Bulaq A Thesis Submitted to The Department of Sociology, Anthropology, Psychology, and Egyptology In partial fulfillment of the requirements for The degree of Master of Arts/Science By Omnia Khalil Under the supervision of Dr. Hanan Sabea April/2014 To the Dreamers of Social Justice… To the Unknown Revolutionaries … 2 Acknowledgment “We have a duty to change our mode of thinking” This quote is by David Harvey from his lecture titled The Crisis of Capitalism. This quote is one of the most influential quotes for me. On the one hand, it changed my perception in trying to understand the world and the social phenomenon, and on the other, it even made me rethink January 25th, 2011 revolution in different terms, and prompted me to try to understand it in a different mode. Studying Anthropology changed my mode of thinking, and I am grateful for this shift in my life from being an Architect to the Urban Anthropologist to be. Without you I would not be the person I am … Hanan Sabea, Martina Reiker, Reem Saad, Malak Rouchdy, Mark Westmoreland and Tarek Waly. Also I am extremely honored to have had attended a semester at Jawaherlal Nehru University (JNU) in New Delhi, India. Thanks to Arunima Gopinath, Mallarika Sinha, Roy and Papori Bori. Mariz Kelada, Dalia Abdel Hameed, Noha Khattab and Maya El Helou. Faten Fadda, my mother, Kamal Khalil, my father and my dear sister Amal Khalil.
    [Show full text]
  • Sex Work in Colonial Cairo, 1882-1952
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by LSE Theses Online The London School of Economics and Political Science “Let Down the Curtains Around Us” Sex Work in Colonial Cairo, 1882-1952 Francesca Biancani [email protected] A thesis submitted to the Department of Government of the London School of Economics and Political Science for the Degree of Doctor in Philosophy, London, 2012 1 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without the prior written consent from the author. I warrant that this authorization does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. Please note that I translated all quotations from foreign languages. I am therefore the sole responsible for any mistake. 2 Abstract The shift from pre-modern to modern sex work meant the “professionalization” of transactional sex, its commodification and the attending social stigmatization of the essentialized category of prostitutes as “public women”. This dissertation explores the construction of social marginality of sex workers in colonial Cairo (1882-1952), in the context of major economical and social changes and the development of dramatically new concepts about the scope of intervention of the State on society.
    [Show full text]
  • DEATH BEHIND BARS Torture and Denial of Medical Care in Detention in Egypt
    DEATH BEHIND BARS Torture and Denial of Medical Care in Detention in Egypt www.alkarama.org Alkarama is an independent human rights organisation established in 2004 to assist all those in the Arab World subjected to, or at risk of, extrajudicial executions, disappearances, torture and arbitrary detention. Acting as a bridge between individual victims in the Arab world and international human rights mechanisms, Alkarama works towards an Arab world where all individuals live free, in dignity and protected by the rule of law. In Arabic, Alkarama means dignity. Based in Geneva, Alkarama also has an office in Beirut (Lebanon) as well as representatives in Sana’a (Yemen), and can carry out its work thanks to its network of volunteers and human rights lawyers and organisations on the ground. www.alkarama.org alkarama.foundation @AlkaramaHR AlkaramaHR © Alkarama Foundation, November 2015 DEATH BEHIND BARS TORTURE AND DENIAL OF MEDICAL CARE IN DETENTION IN EGYPT TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 1. INTRODUCTION 5 2. EGYTPIAN DETENTION CENTRES: TYPES AND CONDITIONS OF DETENTION 7 2.1. TYPES OF DETENTION FACILITIES AND IMPLEMENTATION 7 2.2. CONDITIONS OF DETENTION PER SE 10 3. INTERNATIONAL AND LEGAL OBLIGATIONS RELATED TO HEALTH CARE IN PRISON AND THE PROHIBITION OF TORTURE 14 3.1. HEALTH CARE OBLIGATIONS 14 3.2. ABSOLUTE PROHIBITION OF TORTURE AND OBLIGATION TO PROS- ECUTE 18 4. DOCUMENTATION OF CASES 24 4.1. TORTURE CASES 24 4.2. LACK OR ABSENCE OF MEDICAL CARE CASES 25 5. CONCLUSIONS 28 6. RECOMMENDATIONS 30 7. ANNEXES 32 ANNEX A: TABLE OF
    [Show full text]