SZ/X-ray Joint Analysis of the ICM with APEX-SZ Data
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR Bonn / Universität Bonn)
with Martin Nord Yu-Ying Zhang Florian Pacaud & the APEX-SZ collaboration
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 1 The APEX-SZ Experiment
Telescope • 12 m ALMA prototype, located at 5100 m altitude in the Chilean Altiplano
Receiver • 300 pixel TES bolometer, PI instrument on APEX, commissioned in Spring 2007 • 1′ resolution, 0.4 deg FoV @ 150 GHz 8 m • About 7% sky time compared to SPT/ACT (often in bad weather!)
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 2 APEX-SZ Targeted Observations
Bullet Cluster (Halverson et al. 2009)
XMM J2235.3-2557
Data analysis & images by M. Nord (Ph.D. thesis, see also Nord et al. 2009)
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 3 Study of the Cluster Outskirts
R2500 (~ 0.3 R200) R200 ~ 0.5 Mpc ~ 1.5 Mpc
X-Ray SZ Effect Strong Lensing Weak Lensing
R500 (~ 0.7 R200) ~ 1.0 Mpc SZE ∝ ne Te
X-Ray SZ Effect Weak Lensing
Simulations by: Roncarelli, Ettori et al. 2006
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 4 Physics at the Cluster Outskirts
Departure from thermodynamic equilibrium in the cluster outskirts (Te < Tgas) Rudd & Nagai 2009
Gas clumping creates opposite biases for the X-ray spectroscopic and SZ temperatures
RXC J2228.6: Jia, Boehringer et al. 2008
over-prediction of density
(⇒SZ) 12 Mpc under-prediction of temperature
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 5 ICM Temperature De-projection
2 X-ray ∝ ne Λ(Te)
SZE ∝ ne Te
Abel's integral inversion to (SZE) observed ΔT(θ) (SZE) n (r) T (r) e e de-project density & temperature
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 6 De-projecting without Parametric Models
The only assumption for ICM We are trying out other methods of modeling is spherical symmetry de-projection
De-projection of the SZ map = the radial pressure profile!
Fit here
isothermal β
GNFW
A2204: Basu et al. 2010 Ameglio, Borgani et al. 2007, 2009
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 7 Multi-Frequency Observation of A2163 XMM-Newton APEX-SZ
APEX-SZ + XMM-Newton = First non-parametric modeling (Nord, KB, Pacaud et al. 2009, A&A, 506, 623)
Temp profile Gas fraction
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 8 Multi-Frequency Observation of A2163 LABOCA 350 GHz LABOCA APEX-SZ
APEX-SZ (150 GHz) + LABOCA (350 GHz) imaging of A2163 (Nord, KB, Pacaud et al. 2009, A&A, 506, 623)
(y0,vr) constraints with new data
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 9 ICM Temperature De-projection
Abell 2204
Archetypal relaxed cluster
Basu, Zhang, Sommer et al., 2010, A&A
arXiv:0911.3905 SZ imagewith SZ contours X-ray X-ray imagewith X-ray contours SZ
X-ray (XMM) SZE (Apex)
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 10 ICM Temperature De-projection
Abell 2204
Archetypal relaxed cluster
Basu, Zhang, Sommer et al., 2010, A&A
arXiv:0911.3905 SZ imagewith SZ contours X-ray X-ray imagewith X-ray contours SZ
Density Temperature
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 11 ICM Temperature Analysis
SZ SZ demonstration of falling gas temperature in the cluster outskirts Simulations Chandra ASCA
Statistical + Systematics
Statistical
Projected (“spectroscopic-like”) temperature and re-calibrated Chandra (88 ks) measurement
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 12 Mass Modeling with the HSE
Assumption of spherical symmetry and Hydrostatic Equilibrium Gas fraction in A2204 Cosmic fb
Results for A2204 (Basu, Zhang et al. 2010)
Total mass WMAP (Afshordi ea. 07)
Compare the A2163 fgas profile in A2204 (CC) with Gas mass A2163 (merger)
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 13 Comparison with the Lensing Mass
Ongoing optical observation with the Wide Field Imager (B,V,R bands) at the La Silla 2.2 m telescope XMM+Subaru, 5 relaxed Zhang et al. 2010
A2204
In works: Comparison of weak lensing and SZ/X-ray hydrostatic masses at large radii for APEX-SZ clusters
(M.Klein, KB ea., in prep)
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 14 ICM Entropy profiles
2/3 K = Te ne
Entropy is a fundamental indicator of heating/cooling in the ICM (it remains unchanged during adiabatic processes)
Chandra (Sanders et al. 2008)
Entropy at the cluster outskirts with Suzaku: George et al. 2009, Bautz et al. 2009, Kawaharada et al. 2010, .. Entropy profile in A2204 Basu, Zhang, Sommer et al. 2010, A&A
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 15 SZ confirmation of “Entropy Floor”
Entropy comparison from SZ/X-ray imaging data
Cavagnolo et al. 2009
Central entropies from Chandra data, taken from K. Cavagnolo’s ACCEPT site Difference of entropy in the central ~200 kpc
Basu, Zhang, Sommer et al. 2010, A&A
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 16 Summary & Outlook
Analysis of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) with resolved SZE maps have become a reality (some way to catch up with the sophistication and depth of the X-ray spectral analysis).
We have performed non-parametric X-ray/SZE modeling of ICM properties in two clusters out to r200. Stacking analysis in progress.
Using APEX-SZ and XMM imaging data we were able to verify the existence of “entropy floors” in clusters, and also measure the decreasing gas temperature at the cluster outskirts (independently of X-ray spectroscopy).
With better control of SZE statistical and X-ray background uncertainties, we can measure gas temperature beyond r200 with available instruments.
Kaustuv Basu (MPIfR/Univ.Bonn) Garching 2010: ICM modeling with APEX-SZ data 17