DOCSLIB.ORG

Method for Forming Surface-Treating Film Verfahren Zur Bildung Eines Films Zur Oberflächenbehandlung Procédé De Formation D’Un Film À Traitement De Surface

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Method for Forming Surface-Treating Film Verfahren Zur Bildung Eines Films Zur Oberflächenbehandlung Procédé De Formation D’Un Film À Traitement De Surface (19) TZZ_ _T (11) EP 1 889 952 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.: of the grant of the patent: C25D 13/22 (2006.01) C23F 13/04 (2006.01) 30.05.2012 Bulletin 2012/22 C25D 13/18 (2006.01) (21) Application number: 07015508.0 (22) Date of filing: 07.08.2007 (54) Method for forming surface-treating film Verfahren zur Bildung eines Films zur Oberflächenbehandlung Procédé de formation d’un film à traitement de surface (84) Designated Contracting States: (72) Inventors: FR GB • Shimoda, Masaharu Hiratsuka-shi (30) Priority: 08.08.2006 JP 2006215644 Kanagawa-ken 254-0018 (JP) • Okada, Eisaku (43) Date of publication of application: Aichi-Ken 471-8571 (JP) 20.02.2008 Bulletin 2008/08 (74) Representative: Albrecht, Thomas et al (73) Proprietors: Kraus & Weisert • KANSAI PAINT CO., LTD. Patent- und Rechtsanwälte Amagasaki-shi, Hyogo-ken 661-8555 (JP) Thomas-Wimmer-Ring 15 • Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha 80539 München (DE) Toyota-shi, Aichi-ken 471-8571 (JP) (56) References cited: EP-A- 1 342 758 EP-A- 1 405 933 EP-A- 1 426 466 EP-A- 1 433 878 Note: Within nine months of the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent in the European Patent Bulletin, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to that patent, in accordance with the Implementing Regulations. Notice of opposition shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). EP 1 889 952 B1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 1 889 952 B1 Description Technical Field 5 [0001] This invention relates to a method for forming surface-treating film excelling in corrosion resistance, using a film-forming agent excelling in stability, and to a film structure formed by the method. Background Art 10 [0002] Conventionally, metal substrates for industrial use are given in the course of surface preparation a zinc phos- phate treatment for the purpose of improving corrosion resistance or adherability. However, zinc phosphate treating agent used in the chemical treatment contains large quantities of phosphorus or nitrogen and also contains large quantities of heavy metals such as nickel and manganese for improving the performance of the formed chemical coating, which gives rise to such problems as adverse influences on environments and disposal of industrial waste because the treatment 15 generates a large amount of sludge of zinc phosphate, iron phosphate and the like. [0003] Also for the purpose of improving corrosion resistance of industrial metal substrates, much space and time are required for coating lines for such processing steps as "degreasing - surface treatment - chemical treatment - elec- trodeposition coating". [0004] JP 2003-155578A proposed a chemical treating agent for iron-and/or zinc-based substrates, which contains 20 substantially no phosphate ion but contains zirconium ion and/or titanium ion and fluorine ion. However, the chemical treating agent for iron- and/or zinc-based substrates as described in JP 2003-155578A has a problem in that satisfactory corrosion resistance or finish cannot be secured unless a coating film is applied thereon by a coating step after the treatment using said agent. [0005] International Publication WO 02/103080 pamphlet discloses a technology for reducing the time and space 25 required for the treating steps by the use of a composition for metal surface treatment, which comprises (A) a compound containing at least one metal element selected from Ti, Zr, Hf and Si and (B) a fluorine-containing compound as a supply source of fluorine ion, whereby precipitating a surface treating film excelling in corrosion resistance on a metal surface containing at least either of iron or zinc, and dispensing with a surface adjustment (leveling) step. This surface treating composition disclosed in International Publication WO 02/05860 pamphlet, however, is also subject to the problem of 30 failing to secure satisfactory corrosion resistance or finish, unless a coating film is applied thereon by a coating step after the treatment therewith. [0006] JP 2003-166073A and JP 2003-226982A disclose a surface treating agent for lubricated steel sheet, which contains (A) amine-modified acrylic resin, (B) at least one compound selected from phosphoric acid-derived compounds, hydrofluoric acid, metal hydrofluoric acid and metal hydrofluoric acid salt, and (C) at least one compound selected from 35 molybdenum compound, tungsten compound and vanadium compound; and which, when coated on zinc-plated steel sheet useful for automobile bodies or household electric appliances, can provide lubricated steel sheet excelling in press-shapability and corrosion resistance. However, the steel sheet which is surface treated with the surface treating agent as disclosed in JP 2003-166073A or JP 2003-226982A fails to show satisfactory corrosion resistance or finish unless a coating film is applied thereon by a coating step after the chemical treatment, and the invention cannot achieve 40 reduction in steps or space-saving. [0007] JP 2003-293161A discloses a polymer composition for metal surface treating agent, which comprises a specific copolymer having salicylideneamino group and amino group. The steel sheet treated with the polymer composition for metal surface treating agent as described in JP 2003-293161A again fails to show satisfactory corrosion resistance or finish, unless a coating film is applied thereon by a coating step, and the invention cannot lead to reduction in steps or 45 space-saving. [0008] Furthermore, JP Hei 2(1990)-282499A discloses a method for forming a coating film on apertures of coating object having complex construction such as an automobile body having apertures of not more than 500 mm in width, by cationic electrodeposition coating according to multistage electricity applying method. The method as described in JP Hei 2(1990)-282499A is effective for improving corrosion resistance of a coating object having apertures of not more 50 than 500 mm in width, by coating the apertures, but does not amount to secure satisfactory corrosion resistance or finish. [0009] JP 2003-328192A (EP1342758A) discloses a method for forming multilayer electrodeposition coating film by applying a cationic electrodeposition paint containing plural emulsions among which the differences in quantity of elec- tricity necessary for starting precipitation are unified. This method, however, is yet incapable of providing sufficient corrosion resistance. 55 [0010] Furthermore, European patent application EP 1 426 466 A1 discloses a surface treatment agent for metal, prepared by adding at least one water-soluble resin or water-based emulsion resin selected from among cationic or nonionic urethane, acrylic, epoxy, polyester, and polyamide resins, a particular phenolic resin and a metal compound containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti, V, Mo, W, Mn and Co to water as well as a 2 EP 1 889 952 B1 process for surface treatment of metallic substances using the surface treatment agent. [0011] European patent application EP 1 433 878 A1 discloses a chemical conversion coating agent comprising at least one kind selected from the group consisting of zirconium, titanium and hafnium; fluorine; and a water-soluble epoxy compound containing an isocyanate group and/or a melamine group, wherein a content of the at least one kind selected 5 from the group consisting of zirconium, titanium and hafnium in the chemical conversion coating agent is 20 to 10000 ppm in terms of metal, and a content of the water-soluble epoxy compound containing the isocyanate group and/or the melamine group in the chemical conversion coating agent is 5 to 5000 ppm as a concentration of solid matter as well as a surface-treated metal having a chemical conversion coat formed by this chemical conversion coating agent. 10 Disclosure of the Invention [0012] The object of the present invention is to offer a method for forming surface treating film excelling in corrosion resistance of the coated film and in stability of the film-forming agent. [0013] We have engaged in concentrative studies and discovered that the above object could be achieved by applying 15 a specific film-forming agent onto a metal substrate by multistage electricity-applying system, under specific conditions, and come to complete the present invention. [0014] Thus, the present invention provides a method for forming a surface-treating film, which comprises applying a film-forming agent onto a metal substrate by a multistage electricity-applying system comprising at least two stages, the method being characterized in that 20 (i) the film-forming agent comprises 30 - 20,000 ppm, in terms of the total amount of metal (as converted to mass), of zirconium compound and, where necessary, a compound containing at least one metal (a) which is selected from titanium, cobalt, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, copper, zinc, indium, aluminum, bismuth, yttrium, lanthanide metals, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, and 1-40% by mass of an anionic group-containing resin component, 25 (ii) the first stage coating is conducted, in the state that the metal substrate is immersed in the film-forming agent, by applying electricity at a voltage of 1 - 50 V for 10 - 360 seconds, using the metal substrate as the cathode, and (iii) the second and subsequent stage coating is conducted, in the state that the metal substrate is immersed in the film-forming agent, by applying electricity at a voltage
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Production of Malonic Acid Through the Fermentation of Glucose
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Senior Design Reports (CBE) Engineering 4-20-2018 Production of Malonic Acid through the Fermentation of Glucose Emily P. Peters University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Gabrielle J. Schlakman University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Elise N. Yang University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/cbe_sdr Part of the Biochemical and Biomolecular Engineering Commons Peters, Emily P.; Schlakman, Gabrielle J.; and Yang, Elise N., "Production of Malonic Acid through the Fermentation of Glucose" (2018). Senior Design Reports (CBE). 107. https://repository.upenn.edu/cbe_sdr/107 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/cbe_sdr/107 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Production of Malonic Acid through the Fermentation of Glucose Abstract The overall process to produce malonic acid has not drastically changed in the past 50 years. The current process is damaging to the environment and costly, requiring high market prices. Lygos, Inc., a lab in Berkeley, California, has published a patent describing a way to produce malonic acid through the biological fermentation of genetically modified easty cells. This proposed technology is appealing as it is both better for the environment and economically friendly. For the process discussed in this report, genetically modified Pichia Kudriavzevii yeast cells will be purchased from the Lygos lab along with the negotiation of exclusive licensing rights to the technology. The cells will be grown in fermentation vessels, while being constantly fed oxygen, glucose and fermentation media. The cells will excrete malonic acid in the 101 hour fermentation process.
    [Show full text]
  • Preparation of Amine Alanes
    Europaisches Patentamt J European Patent Office 00 Publication number: 0 273 229 Office europeen des brevets A2 EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION © Application number: 87117901.6 © mt. ci.<: C01B 6/06 , C07C 87/00 © Date of filing: 03.12.87 © Priority: 22.12.86 US 945286 © Applicant: ETHYL CORPORATION Ethyl Tower 451 Florida Boulevard ® Date of publication of application: Baton Rouge Louisiana 70801 (US) 06.07.88 Bulletin 88/27 @ Inventor: Marlett, Everett Michael ® Designated Contracting States: 9355 Greenbriar Drive AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE Baton Rouge Louisiana 7081 5(US) 0 Representative: Sandmair, Kurt, Dr. Patentanwalte Schwabe, Sandmair, Marx Stuntzstrasse 16 D-8000 MUnchen 80(DE) © Preparation of amine alanes. © Process for the preparation of an amine alane, said process comprising reacting: (a) an alkali metal aluminum tetrahydride having the formula MAIH4, wherein M is an alkali metal selected from the class consisting of lithium, sodium and potassium, (b) a hydrogen halide, and (c) a complexing tertiary amine. In this process, NaAlhU, HCI, and (C2H5)3N are preferred reactants. CM CM a. LU Xerox Copy Centre 0 273 229 PREPARATION OF AM1NE ALANES The invention pertains to the formation of amine alanes AIH3«NR3. These materials are useful as chemical intermediates. For example, they can be reacted with a silicon halide such as SiCU or SiF4 to produce silane. Reference is made to U.S. 4,474,743. It pertains to production of silane and aluminum fluoride from silicon tetrafluoride and amine alanes. Reference is also made to U.S. 4,006,095. It teaches, inter alia, that SiCU reacts with a toluene solution of AIH3 containing dimethyl ether or a stabilizing amine.
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2013/089962 Al 20 June 2013 (20.06.2013) W P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2013/089962 Al 20 June 2013 (20.06.2013) W P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every B01J 31/04 (2006.01) B01J 31/18 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, B01J 31/14 (2006.01) B01J 31/22 (2006.01) AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, (21) Number: International Application DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, PCT/US20 12/065285 HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, (22) International Filing Date: KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, 15 November 2012 (15.1 1.2012) ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, (25) Filing Language: English RW, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, (26) Publication Language: English TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (30) Priority Data: 13/323,328 12 December 201 1 (12. 12.201 1) US (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): CHEV¬ GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, RON PHILLIPS CHEMICAL COMPANY LP UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, [US/US]; 10001 Six Pines Drive, The Woodlands, Texas TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, 77380 (US).
    [Show full text]
  • PESTICIDES Criteria for a Recommended Standard
    CRITERIA FOR A RECOMMENDED STANDARD OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE DURING THE MANUFACTURE AND FORMULATION OF PESTICIDES criteria for a recommended standard... OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE DURING THE MANUFACTURE AND FORMULATION OF PESTICIDES * U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Public Health Service Center for Disease Control National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health July 1978 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 DISCLAIMER Mention of company names or products does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No. 78-174 PREFACE The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 emphasizes the need for standards to protect the health and provide for the safety of workers occupationally exposed to an ever-increasing number of potential hazards. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has implemented a formal system of research, with priorities determined on the basis of specified indices, to provide relevant data from which valid criteria for effective standards can be derived. Recommended standards for occupational exposure, which are the result of this work, are based on the effects of exposure on health. The Secretary of Labor will weigh these recommendations along with other considerations, such as feasibility and means of implementation, in developing regulatory standards. Successive reports will be presented as research and epideiriologic studies are completed and as sampling and analytical methods are developed. Criteria and standards will be reviewed periodically to ensure continuing protection of workers. The contributions to this document on pesticide manufacturing and formulating industries by NIOSH staff members, the review consultants, the reviewer selected by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), other Federal agencies, and by Robert B.
    [Show full text]
  • Synthesis of Insecticidal Mono- and Diacylhydrazines for Disruption of K+ Voltage-Gated Channels, Elucidation of Regiochemistry, And
    Synthesis of Insecticidal Mono- and Diacylhydrazines for Disruption of K+ Voltage-Gated Channels, Elucidation of Regiochemistry, and Description of Conformational Isomerism by NMR Spectroscopy and Computation Joseph Shelby Clements II Dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Chemistry Paul R. Carlier, Chair David G. I. Kingston James M. Tanko Gordon T. Yee May 2, 2017 Blacksburg, VA Keywords: Hydrazine, acylation, α-effect, regioselectivity, hydrazide, voltage- gated, (E)-/(Z)-, 19F NMR, single electron transfer (SET), rotational barrier, N-N bond rotation, rotational isomerism, helicity, transition state, dihedral angle Copyright 2017, Joseph S. Clements II Synthesis of Insecticidal Mono- and Diacylhydrazines for Disruption of K+ Voltage-Gated Channels, Elucidation of Regiochemistry, and Description of Conformational Isomerism by NMR Spectroscopy and Computation Joseph Shelby Clements II ABSTRACT Based on the success of diacyl-tert-butylhydrazines RH-5849 and RH-1266 in controlling agricultural crop pests, we endeavored to synthesize our own diacylbenzyl- and arylhydrazine derivatives for use against the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. In the process of producing a library of compounds for assay against An. gambiae, it became clear that employing regioselective acylation techniques (in molecules that feature two nucleophilic, acyclic nitrogen atoms α to one another) would be imperative. Synthesis of the library derivatives proceeded rapidly and after topical assay, we found three compounds that were more toxic than the RH- series leads. One of the three displayed an LD50 value of half that of RH-1266, though patch clamp assay concluded that toxicity was not necessarily linked to inhibition of mosquito K+ channel Kv2.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Synthesis of Novel Extremely Sterically Hindered Tertiary Alkylamines
    Synthesis of Novel Extremely Sterically Hindered Tertiary Alkylamines von der Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften der Technischen Universität Chemnitz genehmigte Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doktor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) vorgelegt von M.Sc. Tharallah A. Shoker geboren am 18. April 1985 in Nabi Chit, Lebanon eingereicht am 17. January 2018 Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Klaus Banert JP Dr. Evgeny Kataev Tag der Verteidigung: 16. April 2018 Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde in der Zeit von Oktober 2015 bis Oktober 2017 am Institut für Chemie an der Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften der Technischen Universität Chemnitz unter der Leitung von Prof. Dr. Klaus Banert angefertigt. 2 Bibliographic Description Synthesis of Novel Extremely Sterically Hindered Tertiary Alkylamines SHOKER, THARALLAH Technische Universität Chemnitz, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Dissertation, 2017, 208 pages. Abstract Three advanced methodologies for the preparation of extremely sterically hindered tertiary alkyl amines have been developed. The syntheses of 28 novel tertiary alkylamines that accommodate unusual steric hindrance are detailed. The electrophilic amination of alkyl Grignard reagents with N-chlorodialkylamines, in the presence of N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) as a key additive, gives a variety of unprecedentedly sterically hindered tertiary alkylamines in good yields. Alternative strategy to 1-adamantyl-substituted (1-Ad) sterically hindered tertiary amines, which involved instead an SN1 reaction between 1-Ad cation with various secondary amines, is described. A complementary strategy to 1-Ad-based sterically hindered tertiary amines, which involves an iminium salt intermediate, is also reported. Salient features of the three protocols that are detailed here include unusual tolerance of steric hindrance, mild reaction conditions employed, ease of product isolation-purification, and absence of catalysts/transition metals.
    [Show full text]
  • The Synthesis and Characterization of Energetic Materials from Sodium Azide
    THE SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS FROM SODIUM AZIDE A Thesis Presented to The Academic Faculty By Joshua Aronson In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology October 2004 THE SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS FROM SODIUM AZIDE Approved by: Charles L. Liotta, Advisor Kent Richman Charles A. Eckert Julia Kubanek David Collard November 17, 2004 ii This thesis is dedicated to M. G. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would first like to thank Dr. Liotta and Dr. Eckert for their support and encouragement. I will forever envy your enthusiasm and spirit. I would also like to extend my appreciation to everyone at American Pacific. My experiences in Utah and Las Vegas contributed a great deal to my graduate education. In addition, I want to thank the entire Liotta-Eckert research group—especially Kris and Pamela. The two of you made all of this not only bearable, but fun. Finally, I would like to thank my mom and Mary Katherine for their support. I would not have made it without you. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgement iv List of Figures viii List of Tables xii List of Abbreviations xiii Summary xv Chapter I Introduction 1 Chapter II A Novel Approach To The Synthesis Of Tetrazoles 5 Introduction 5 Experimental Methods 10 Materials 10 Apparatus 10 Procedures 11 Results and Discussion 14 Conclusion 37 References 38 Chapter III The Synthesis and Characterization Of Glycidyl 40 Azide Polymer Introduction 40 Experimental
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2017/061959 Al 13 April 2017 (13.04.2017) P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2017/061959 Al 13 April 2017 (13.04.2017) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every A01P 7/00 (2006.01) A01N 25/28 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, A01P 7/02 (2006.01) A01N 25/04 (2006.01) AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, A01P 7/04 (2006.01) A01N 43/90 (2006.01) BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, A01P 5/00 (2006.01) A01N 53/06 (2006.01) DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, EST, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, (21) International Application Number: KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, PCT/TR2015/000350 MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, (22) International Filing Date: PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, 2 December 2015 (02.12.2015) SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (25) Filing Language: English (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (26) Publication Language: English kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (30) Priority Data: GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, 2014/14665 4 December 2014 (04.
    [Show full text]
  • 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Analysis of Risk to Endangered And
    2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Analysis of Risks to Endangered and Threatened Salmon and Steelhead December 1, 2004 Shannon Borges Cara Dzubow Greg Orrick Ann Stavola Environmental Field Branch Office of Pesticide Programs Summary 2,4-D is a widely used herbicide applied to many crop sites and non-crop sites in the Pacific Northwest. Acid and amine salt forms of 2,4-D are "practically non-toxic" to “slightly toxic,” while ester forms of 2,4-D are “slightly toxic” to “highly toxic” to fish. Some forms of 2,4-D may lead to adverse acute and chronic effects. Some esters are “moderately toxic” to freshwater invertebrates, which may be sources of food for salmonids. All forms of 2,4-D that were tested had relatively high toxicity to vascular plants, which could lead to loss of cover for salmonid adults and young. Terrestrial uses of 2,4-D in the Pacific Northwest pose no direct or indirect risk to fish. 2,4-D acid and amine salts pose an indirect risk to fish when used on rice crops and for aquatic weed control. 2,4-D esters pose acute and chronic risk directly and indirectly when used for aquatic weed control. This endangered species risk assessment is developed for Federally listed Pacific salmon and steelhead. The findings of the Office of Pesticide Program’s Environmental Risk Assessment developed for non-target fish and wildlife as part of the reregistration process are applied to determine the potential risks to the 26 listed threatened and endangered Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs) of Pacific salmon and steelhead.
    [Show full text]
  • DG Classification.Pdf
    UN Sub PSA MPA weight CHEMICAL NAME IMO No Risk GRP restriction 0004 AMMONIUM PICRATE, DRY OR WETTED WITH LESS THAN 10% WATER, BY MASS 1.1 1 Y* 0005 CARTRIDGES FOR WEAPONS, WITH BURSTING CHARGE 1.1 1 Y* 0006 CARTRIDGES FOR WEAPONS, WITH BURSTING CHARGE 1.1 1 Y* 0007 CARTRIDGES FOR WEAPONS, WITH BURSTING CHARGE 1.2 1 Y* 0009 AMMUNITION, INCENDIARY, 1.2 1 Y* 0010 AMMUNITION, INCENDIARY, 1.3 2A Y 0012 CARTRIDGES FOR WEAPONS, INERT PROJECTILE 1.4 2A Y 0012 CARTRIDGES, SMALL ARMS 1.4 2A Y 0014 CARTRIDGES FOR WEAPONS, BLANK 1.4 2A Y 0014 CARTRIDGES, SMALL ARMS, BLANK 1.4 2A Y 0015 AMMUNITION, SMOKE, 1.2 1 Y* 0016 AMMUNITION, SMOKE, 1.3 2A Y 6.1 / 0018 AMMUNITION, TEAR-PRODUCING, 1.2 1 Y* 8 6.1 / 0019 AMMUNITION, TEAR-PRODUCING, 1.3 2A Y 8 0020 AMMUNITION, TOXIC, WITH BURSTER, EXPELLING CHARGE OR PROPELLING CHARGE 1.2 6.1 1 Y* 0021 AMMUNITION, TOXIC, WITH BURSTER, EXPELLING CHARGE OR PROPELLING CHARGE 1.3 6.1 1 Y* 0027 BLACK POWDER, GRANULAR, OR AS MEAL 1.1 1 Y* 0027 GUNPOWDER, GRANULAR, OR AS A MEAL 1.1 1 Y* 0028 BLACK POWDER IN PELLETS 1.1 1 Y* 0028 BLACK POWDER, COMPRESSED 1.1 1 Y* 0028 GUNPOWDER IN PELLETS 1.1 1 Y* 0028 GUNPOWDER, COMPRESSED 1.1 1 Y* 0029 DETONATORS, NON-ELECTRIC, FOR BLASTING 1.1 1 Y* 0030 DETONATORS, ELECTRIC, FOR BLASTING 1.1 1 Y* 0033 BOMBS, WITH BURSTING CHARGE 1.1 1 Y* 0034 BOMBS, WITH BURSTING CHARGE 1.1 1 Y* 0035 BOMBS, WITH BURSTING CHARGE 1.2 1 Y* 0037 BOMBS, PHOTO-FLASH 1.1 1 Y* 0038 BOMBS, PHOTO-FLASH 1.1 1 Y* 0039 BOMBS, PHOTO-FLASH 1.2 1 Y* 0042 BOOSTERS, WITHOUT DETONATOR 1.1 1 Y* 0043 BURSTERS, EXPLOSIVE 1.1
    [Show full text]
  • Composition for a Resin
    ~™ II 1 1 III II II 1 1 IMI I III II I II 1 1 (19) J European Patent Office Office europeen des brevets (11) EP 0 936 233 A2 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) int. CI.6: C08G 18/00, C08G 18/77, 18.08.1999 Bulletin 1999/33 C08G 59/30, G02B 1/04 (21) Application number: 99102182.5 (22) Date of filing: 04.02.1999 (84) Designated Contracting States: • Takeuchi, Motoharu, AT BE CH CY DE DK ES Fl FR GB GR IE IT LI LU c/o Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co MCNLPTSE Tokyo (JP) Designated Extension States: • Mizuno, Katsuyuki, AL LT LV MK RO SI c/o Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co. Tokyo (JP) (30) Priority: 10.02.1998 JP 2848198 (74) Representative: (71) Applicant: Turk, Gille, Hrabal MITSUBISHI GAS CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC. Patentanwalte - European Patent Attorneys, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (JP) Brucknerstrasse 20 40593 Dusseldorf (DE) (72) Inventors: • Amagai, Akikazu, c/o Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co. Tokyo (JP) (54) Composition for a resin (57) A composition comprising a compound having one or more episulfide groups and/or epoxy groups in one molecule and a compound having one or more iso- cyanate groups and/or thioisocyanate groups in one molecule. The composition for a resin comprising a sulfur- containing compound exhibits an excellent balance between a refractivity index and an Abbe number and has a large impact resistance. CM < CO CO CM CO CO <7> O Q_ LU Printed by Xerox (UK) Business Services 2.16.7/3.6 EP 0 936 233 A2 Description BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 5 1 .
    [Show full text]
  • United States Patent [19] [11] Patent Number: 4,518,778 Cuscurida [45] Date of Patent: May 21, 1985
    United States Patent [19] [11] Patent Number: 4,518,778 Cuscurida [45] Date of Patent: May 21, 1985 [54] POLYMER POLYOLS FROM ALKYLENE 4,089,835 5/1978 Konig et a1. ...................... .. 252/308 OXIDE ADDUCTS OF ALKANOLAMINES guscul'iga -- 222; . , , USCUrl a ............ .. [75] Inventor: Michael Cuscurida, Austin, Tex‘ 4,309,532 l/l982 Cuscurida ........ .. .. 544/398 [73] Assigneez Texaco Inc" White Plains, N_Y_ 4,374,209 2/1983 Rowlands ......................... .. 521/166 2 A . N .: 135 Primary Examiner-Donald G. Daus [ 1] pp! 0 5 ’ 99 Assistant Examiner—Cecilia Shen [22] Filed! Jlll- 14, 1983 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Jack H. Park; Kenneth R. [51] Int. (:1.3 .................. .. c071) 241/04; CO8G 18/28; Pr‘em; Dav'd L- Mossma“ CO7C 125/06 [57] ABSTRACT [52] US. Cl. .................................. .. 544/398; 252/182; _ 521/164; 521/166; 528/73; 528/76; 560/26; A polymer polyol made by the reactlon of an alkylene 560/115; 560/158 oxide adduct of a hydroxyl-containing amine, a poly [58] Field of Search .................. .. 544/398; 528/73, 76; ether polyol of about 3000 to 8000 molecular weight 560/26, 115, 158; 252/182; 521/164, 166 and an organic polyisocyanate 1s disclosed. This poly R C_ d mer polyol may be used in the manufacture of ?exible [56] eferences "8 polyurethane foams. The polymer polyols are more US. PATENT DOCUMENTS stable than those made by other procedures. 3,294,751 12/1966 Beitchman .......................... .. 528/77 3,325,421 6/1967 Muller ............................... .. 252/308 16 Claims, N0 Drawings 4,518,778 1 2 isocyanates in a polyol solvent are U.S.
    [Show full text]