DOCSLIB.ORG

ELDIA Eestikeelne FINAL 01122017

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ELDIA Eestikeelne FINAL 01122017 Studies in European Language Diversity 29.2 EESTI KEEL SOOMES ELDIA uuringuaruanne Kristiina PRAAKLI Mainz Wien Helsinki Tartu Mariehamn Oulu Maribor 1 Studies in European Language Diversity on ELDIA teadusuuringu eelretsenseeritav veebiväljaanne, mis pakub lugejale esialgseid uurimistulemusi, aga ka uuringuga seotud juhtumi-, tausta- ja kõrvalanalüüse. Peatoimetaja Johanna Laakso (Viin) Toimetuskolleegium Kari Djerf (Helsingi), Riho Grünthal (Helsingi), Anna Kolláth (Maribor), Helle Metslang (Tartu), Karl Pajusalu (Tartu), Anneli Sarhimaa (Mainz), Sia Spiliopoulou Åkermark (Mariehamn), Helena Sulkala (Oulu), Reetta Toivanen (Helsingi) Väljaandja ELDIA teaduskonsortsium c/o prof Anneli Sarhimaa Sprachen Nordeuropas und des Baltikums (SNEB) [Põhja-Euroopa ja Baltimaade keeled ja kultuurid] Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Jakob-Welder-Weg 18 (Philosophicum) D–55099 Mainz Saksamaa e-post: [email protected] 2017 © European Language Diversity for All (ELDIA) ELDIA on rahvusvaheline teadusuuring, mida rahastab Euroopa Komisjoni 7. raamprogramm. Kõik ELDIA väljaanded ning uurimisraportid sisaldavad autorite endi tõlgendusi ja arvamusi ega väljenda Euroopa Komisjoni seisukohti. ELDIA väljaanded ning uurimisraportid on kaitstud autoriõigusega. Teadusuuringu materjalide edasise kasutamise eesmärgil palume pöörduda väljaandja poole. ISSN 2192-2403 2 Sisukord Sisukord ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Kaardid, tabelid, joonised ..................................................................................................................... 4 1. Sissejuhatus .......................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Mis on ELDIA? ................................................................................................................................. 6 1.2 ELDIAs uuritud keeled ..................................................................................................................... 7 2. ÜHISKONDLIK-AJALOOLINE JA KEELELINE TAUST ................................................................ 11 2.1 Sissejuhatus .................................................................................................................................. 11 2.1.1 Eesti keele kõnelejad ja kogukonnad Soomes ............................................................................... 11 2.1.2. Uurimisseis ................................................................................................................................... 15 2.2 Keeleökoloogiline vaatenurk: eesti keel Soome keelemaastikul .................................................... 17 2.2.1 Soome keeled ................................................................................................................................ 17 2.2.2 Demograafiline ja majandusterritoriaalne taust ........................................................................... 21 2.2.3 Kultuuritaust .................................................................................................................................. 24 2.3 Keelekontaktid ja keelehoid .......................................................................................................... 30 2.3.1 Ükskeelsus, kakskeelsus ja mitmekeelsus ..................................................................................... 31 2.3.2. Keelekontaktide tagajärjed ........................................................................................................... 34 3. VALIM JA MEETOD .............................................................................................................. 38 3.1 Välitööde tutvustus ....................................................................................................................... 38 3.2 Küsitlusuuring ............................................................................................................................... 38 3.2.1 Sihtrühma uuring ........................................................................................................................... 38 3.2.2 Sihtrühma küsimustiku struktuur .................................................................................................. 39 3.2.3 Sihtrühma uuringu respondendid ja taust ..................................................................................... 40 3.2.4 Kontrollrühma uuring .................................................................................................................... 42 3.2.5 Kontrollrühma küsimustiku struktuur ........................................................................................... 42 3.2.6 Kontrollrühma uuringu respondendid ja taust .............................................................................. 42 3.3 Intervjuud ja intervjueerimine ....................................................................................................... 43 3.3.1 Intervjuud sihtrühmaga ................................................................................................................. 43 3.3.1.1 Individuaalintervjuud .................................................................................................................. 43 3.3.2 Intervjuud kontrollrühmaga .......................................................................................................... 46 3.4 ELDIA andmeanalüüsi põhimõtted ................................................................................................ 47 3.4.1 Vähemuskeeled kui osa tänapäeva ühiskondade mitmekeelsusest .............................................. 47 3.4.2 ELDIA rakenduslik eesmärk ............................................................................................................ 48 3.4.3. Keele elujõulisuse määratlemine ja mõõtmine ............................................................................ 48 3.5 Andmeanalüüsi metoodika ............................................................................................................ 50 3.5.1 Küsitlusandmete analüüs ............................................................................................................... 50 3.5.2 Intervjuuainestiku analüüs ............................................................................................................ 50 4. ANALÜÜS ........................................................................................................................... 52 4.1 Seadusandluse analüüs ................................................................................................................. 52 3 4.2. Meediaanalüüs ............................................................................................................................. 53 4.3 Sotsiolingvistiline analüüs ................................................................................................................. 54 4.3.1 Keelekasutus ja interaktsioon ........................................................................................................ 54 4.3.2 Meedia- ja kultuuritarbimine ......................................................................................................... 77 4.3.3 Seadusandlus ................................................................................................................................. 84 4.3.4 Haridus .......................................................................................................................................... 87 4.3.5. Seadusandluse analüüs ................................................................................................................ 87 5. Keele elujõulisuse baromeeter ........................................................................................... 89 5.1 EuLaViBar’i mõõtmistulemused: üldhinnang ................................................................................. 89 5.2. Suutlikkus ..................................................................................................................................... 90 5.3. Võimalused .................................................................................................................................. 91 5.4. Soovid .......................................................................................................................................... 93 5.5. Keeletooted ................................................................................................................................. 93 5.6. Hinnang EuLaViBar’i tulemustele .................................................................................................. 94 6. Järeldused ja kokkuvõte ..................................................................................................... 96 7. Kasutatud kirjandus ............................................................................................................ 98 Lisa 1. Poliitikasoovitused ........................................................................................................ 110 Kaardid, tabelid, joonised Kaart 1. ELDIAs uuritud keeled ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Joonis 1. Põlvkondadevahelised keelevalikud, % ....................................................................................................... 57 Joonis 2. Põlvkonnasisesed keelevalikud, % ..............................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cultural Analysis an Interdisciplinary Forum on Folklore and Popular Culture
    CULTURAL ANALYSIS AN INTERDISCIPLINARY FORUM ON FOLKLORE AND POPULAR CULTURE Vol. 18.1 Comparison as social and comparative Practice Guest Editor: Stefan Groth Cover image: Crachoir as a material artefact of comparisons. Coronette—Modern Crachoir Design: A crachoir is used in wine tastings to spit out wine, thus being able to compare a range of different wines while staying relatively sober. © Julia Jacot / EESAB Rennes CULTURAL ANALYSIS AN INTERDISCIPLINARY FORUM ON FOLKLORE AND POPULAR CULTURE Comparison as Social and Cultural Practice Special Issue Vol. 18.1 Guest Editor Stefan Groth © 2020 by The University of California Editorial Board Pertti J. Anttonen, University of Eastern Finland, Finland Hande Birkalan, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey Charles Briggs, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A. Anthony Bak Buccitelli, Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg, U.S.A. Oscar Chamosa, University of Georgia, U.S.A. Chao Gejin, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, China Valdimar Tr. Hafstein, University of Iceland, Reykjavik Jawaharlal Handoo, Central Institute of Indian Languages, India Galit Hasan-Rokem, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem James R. Lewis, University of Tromsø, Norway Fabio Mugnaini, University of Siena, Italy Sadhana Naithani, Jawaharlal Nehru University, India Peter Shand, University of Auckland, New Zealand Francisco Vaz da Silva, University of Lisbon, Portugal Maiken Umbach, University of Nottingham, England Ülo Valk, University of Tartu, Estonia Fionnuala Carson Williams, Northern Ireland Environment Agency
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Mobility Between Tallinn and Helsinki in Mobile Positioning Datasets
    Spatial Mobility between Tallinn and Helsinki in Mobile Positioning Datasets. Statistical overview. Department of Geography of University of Tartu, Mobility Lab Siiri Silm, Rein Ahas, Margus Tiru All questions and comments: [email protected] Helsinki-Tallinn Transport and Planning Scenarios Central Baltic INTERREG IV A Cross-Border Co-operation Programme Tartu 2012 Contents 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 3 2. Methodology ......................................................................................................................... 5 2.1. Data and methods ................................................................................................................. 5 2.2. EMT customer profile .......................................................................................................... 7 3. Estonians to Finland ........................................................................................................... 13 3.1. The number of Estonian vists to Finland ............................................................................ 13 3.2. The duration of visits .......................................................................................................... 13 3.3. The frequency of visits ....................................................................................................... 14 3.4. The length of stay in Finland .............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Social Impact of Emigration and Rural-Urban Migration in Central and Eastern Europe
    On behalf of the European Commission DG Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion Social Impact of Emigration and Rural-Urban Migration in Central and Eastern Europe Final Country Report Estonia April 2012 Authors: Tiit Tammaru Mare Viies Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission may be held responsible for the use that may be made of the information contained in this publication. Social Impact of Emigration and Rural-Urban Migration in Central and Eastern Europe VT/2010/001 Content 1. POPULATION, SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL OVERVIEW .................................. 3 2. MAIN EMIGRATION AND INTERNAL MIGRATION TRENDS AND PATTERNS .............. 4 2.1. Main emigration trends ................................................................................................ 5 2.2. Main internal migration trends ..................................................................................... 7 2.3. Main characteristics of migrants .................................................................................. 8 3. NATION-WIDE LABOUR MARKET AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT TRENDS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF EMIGRATION ....................................................................................11 3.1. Economic and labour market developments ...............................................................11 3.2. Social security ............................................................................................................14 3.3. Poverty and Social Exclusion .....................................................................................18
    [Show full text]
  • Immigrants in the Finnish Labour Market
    Immigrants in the Finnish Labour Market Research Director Elli Heikkilä Institute of Migration Conference on Migration and Demographic Challenges in the Nordic- Baltic Region, KUMU Art Museum, 7.-8.3.2013, Tallinn, Estonia Short introduction to Finnish emigration in Baltic/Sweden and world context Emigration from Finland 1860-2010 and Finns abroad 2010 Immigration to and emigration from Finland in 1960-1984 (Note! Includes also persons of foreign origin). From and to all countries Between Finland and Sweden Net From Sweden From Finland Net Year Immigration Emigration migration to Finland to Sweden migration 1960 3 396 12 552 -9 156 3 166 12 092 -8 926 1961 6 521 18 336 -11 815 3 768 12 830 -9 062 1962 6 026 13 280 -7 254 4 271 9 770 -5 499 1963 5 127 12 947 -7 820 4 071 10 385 -6 314 1964 8 214 28 082 -19 868 3 824 19 302 -15 478 1965 8 311 29 394 -21 083 4 540 21 852 -17 312 1966 8 351 20 554 -12 203 6 378 16 617 -10 239 1967 7 202 12 898 -5 696 6 061 10 616 -4 555 1968 9 872 24 866 -14 994 6 108 17 338 -11 230 1969 13 608 54 107 -40 499 5 858 38 607 -32 749 1970 16 824 53 205 -36 381 10 961 41 479 -30 518 1971 18 338 17 665 673 16 455 15 535 920 1972 17 421 11 951 5 470 15 460 10 254 5 206 1973 16 491 10 309 6 182 14 402 8 635 5 767 1974 13 311 12 027 1 284 10 474 10 070 404 1975 8 307 12 237 -3 930 5 077 10 764 -5 687 1976 7 387 17 346 -9 959 4 745 15 334 -10 589 1977 7 580 18 209 -10 629 5 036 14 634 -9 598 1978 7 184 16 327 -9 143 4 725 11 827 -7 102 1979 10 122 16 661 -6 539 7 058 12 803 -5 745 1980 13 626 14 824 -1 198 10 202 11 245 -1 043 1981 15 771 10 042 5 729 12 339 6 774 5 565 1982 14 661 7 403 7 258 11 239 4 510 6 729 1983 13 629 6 822 6 807 9 669 4 030 5 639 1984 11 686 7 467 4 219 7 979 4 609 3 370 4 Source: Jouni Korkiasaari, Institute of Migration, Finland 5 3 • pull effect: economical boom in Sweden -> demand for labour especially in industry in Sweden; higher wage level • working places also for those who didn’t know Swedish language • push effect: unemployment in Finland; baby-boom generation entering to the labour market, i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Institutionalization of Transnationalizing Political Parties
    Jakobson et al. Comparative Migration Studies (2021) 9:40 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-021-00241-5 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open Access Institutionalization of transnationalizing political parties: the case of the Conservative People’s Party of Estonia Mari-Liis Jakobson1,2* , Tõnis Saarts2 and Leif Kalev2 * Correspondence: mari-liis. [email protected] Abstract 1The Whitney and Betty MacMillan Center for International and Area While party institutionalization research has advanced notably in the recent years, Studies, Yale University, 34 Hillhouse the institutionalization of political parties that extend their organizations abroad (i.e. Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA transnationalizing parties) has remained an academically uncharted territory. This 2School of Governance, Law and Society, Tallinn University, Narva article draws on party institutionalization literature and analyses the particularities of mnt 25, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia institutionalization in transnationalizing parties. The findings suggest that transnational institutionalization takes place simultaneously on multiple levels (local, national and transnational) and is distinctly interactive, placing crucial importance on the activities and responsiveness of both the central party organization as well as the extraterritorial branches. The internal dimensions of institutionalization can be notably affected by the territorially and temporally scattered nature of emigrant communities and by the sense of inclusion provided to the activists. The external dimensions of transnational institutionalization involve a wider variety of actors than institutionalization on the national level and can also be more challenging due to the more contingent socialization patterns and interest in politics of transnational migrants. Transnational institutionalization of political parties is relevant to the parties and their continuous electoral success, but also for transnational migrant communities and impact of their political participation.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnic and Linguistic Context of Identity: Finno-Ugric Minorities
    ETHNIC AND LINGUISTIC CONTEXT OF IDENTITY: FINNO-UGRIC MINORITIES Uralica Helsingiensia5 Ethnic and Linguistic Context of Identity: Finno-Ugric Minorities EDITED BY RIHO GRÜNTHAL & MAGDOLNA KOVÁCS HELSINKI 2011 Riho Grünthal, Magdolna Kovács (eds): Ethnic and Linguistic Context of Identity: Finno-Ugric Minorities. Uralica Helsingiensia 5. Contents The articles in this publication are based on presentations given at the sympo- sium “Ethnic and Linguistic Context of Identity: Finno-Ugric Minorities” held at the University of Helsinki in March, 2009. Layout, cover Anna Kurvinen Riho Grünthal & Magdolna Kovács Cover photographs Riho Grünthal Introduction 7 Map on page 269 Arttu Paarlahti Maps on pages 280, 296, and 297 Anna Kurvinen Johanna Laakso Being Finno-Ugrian, Being in the Minority ISBN 978-952-5667-28-8 (printed) – Reflections on Linguistic and Other Criteria 13 ISBN 978-952-5667-61-5 (online) Orders • Tilaukset Irja Seurujärvi-Kari ISSN 1797-3945 Tiedekirja www.tiedekirja.fi “We Took Our Language Back” Vammalan Kirjapaino Oy Kirkkokatu 14 [email protected] – The Formation of a Sámi Identity within the Sámi Sastamala 2011 FI-00170 Helsinki fax +358 9 635 017 Movement and the Role of the Sámi Language from the 1960s until 2008 37 Uralica Helsingiensia Elisabeth Scheller Uralica Helsingiensia is a series published jointly by the University of Helsinki Finno-Ugric The Sámi Language Situation Language Section and the Finno-Ugrian Society. It features monographs and thematic col- in Russia 79 lections of articles with a research focus on Uralic languages, and it also covers the linguistic and cultural aspects of Estonian, Hungarian and Saami studies at the University of Helsinki.
    [Show full text]
  • Trafficking in Human Beings, Illegal Immigration and Finland
    European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control, affiliated with the United Nations (HEUNI) P.O.Box 157 FIN-00121 Helsinki Finland Publication Series No. 38 Trafficking in Human Beings, Illegal Immigration and Finland Matti Lehti and Kauko Aromaa Helsinki 2002 Copies can be purchased from: Academic Bookstore Criminal Justice Press P.O.Box 128 P.O.Box 249 FIN-00101 Helsinki Monsey, NY 10952 Finland USA ISBN 952-5333-11-6 ISSN 1237-4741 Printed by Helsinki University Press, Helsinki, Finland II Contents Trafficking in human beings, illegal immigration and Finland ................................... 1 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 2. The national legislation concerning trafficking in women, prostitution and illegal immigration ............................................................................................................. 2 2.1 The contents of the stipulations........................................................................ 3 2.1.1 The sanctioning of illegal entry ............................................................. 4 2.1.2 Crimes against personal freedom .......................................................... 7 2.1.3 The protection of the right of sexual self-determination and the regulation of prostitution ....................................................................... 10 2.1.4. Foreigner legislation ............................................................................. 17 2.2. The functionality
    [Show full text]
  • Main Trends in International Migration
    Part 1 MAIN TRENDS IN INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION The part concerning the main trends in interna- reversed in 1992-93, in part because of efforts by the tional migration is presented in four sections. The main receiving countries to tighten controls over first (I.A) looks at changes in migration movements migratory flows. From that time on, and until at and in the foreign population of the OECD member least 1997, entries of foreign nationals dropped countries. The second Section (I.B) focuses on the significantly despite the persistence of family migra- position of immigrants in the labour market. The tion and arrivals of asylum seekers, due in part to third (I.C) sheds particular light on two regions – the closing of other channels of immigration and a Asia and Central and Eastern Europe. This is new flare-up of regional conflicts. followed by an overview of migration policies (I.D), The resumption of immigration in the OECD which reviews policies to regulate and control flows, countries, which has been perceptible since the late along with the full range of measures to enhance the 1990s, was confirmed and tended to gather pace in integration of immigrants and developments in co- 2000 and 2001. It results primarily from greater operation at international level in the area of migra- migration by foreign workers, both temporary and tion. In addition, the issue of the integration of permanent. Conditions for recruiting skilled foreign immigrants into host-country societies is highlighted labour have been eased in most of the OECD in theme boxes to be found in Part I.
    [Show full text]
  • Mihin Suuntaan Suomi Kehittyy? Liikkuvuuden Ja Muuttoliikkeen Dynamiikka
    Elli Heikkilä (toim.) Elli Heikkilä (toim.) Elli Heikkilä (toim.) MIHIN SUUNTAAN SUOMI KEHITTYY? LIIKKUVUUDEN JA MUUTTOLIIKKEEN DYNAMIIKKA MIHIN SUUNTAAN SUOMI KEHITTYY?DYNAMIIKKA MUUTTOLIIKKEEN JA LIIKKUVUUDEN IN WHICH DIRECTION IS FINLAND EVOLVING? THE DYNAMICS OF MOBILITY AND MIGRATION Mihin suuntaan Suomi Siirtolaisuusinstituutti on vuodesta 1975 lähtien järjestänyt viiden vuoden välein Muuttoliikesymposiumin. Instituutti juhlisti 45-vuoti- kehittyy? Liikkuvuuden ja sta toimintaansa järjestämällä kymmenennen Muuttoliikesymposium 2019 -tapahtuman. Symposiumin teemana oli Mihin suuntaan Suomi muuttoliikkeen dynamiikka kehittyy? Liikkuvuuden ja muuttoliikkeen dynamiikka. In Which Direc- tion is Finland Evolving? The Dynamics of Mobility and Migration. Tapahtumassa käsiteltiin muuttoliikkeitä laajasti kansainvälisen In Which Direction is Finland muuton, maan sisäisen muuttoliikkeen ja liikkuvuuden sekä ulko- suomalaisten näkökulmasta. Ohjelma oli rakennettu siten, että en- Evolving? The Dynamics of simmäinen päivä pidettiin englanninkielellä ja toinen pääosin suo- menkielellä. Esitelmöitsijöinä ja alustajina olivat alan kotimaiset ja Mobility and Migration kansainväliset asiantuntijat. Laajan käsityksen maailman muuttoliikkeistä kautta aikain antoi pääpuhujamme Professor Emeritus Patrick Manning USA:sta. Poh- joismaiden muuttoliikkeiden kehitystä tarkasteli toinen pääpuhu- X Muuttoliikesymposium 2019 jamme Senior Research Fellow Timothy Heleniak Ruotsista. Muilta X Migration Symposium 2019 osin Symposiumin ohjelma koostui eri asiantuntijoiden
    [Show full text]
  • Does Finland Suffer from Brain Drain?
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Johansson, Edvard Working Paper Does Finland suffer from brain drain? ETLA Discussion Papers, No. 1153 Provided in Cooperation with: The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy (ETLA), Helsinki Suggested Citation: Johansson, Edvard (2008) : Does Finland suffer from brain drain?, ETLA Discussion Papers, No. 1153, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy (ETLA), Helsinki This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/44544 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu ELINKEINOELÄMÄN TUTKIMUSLAITOS THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE FINNISH ECONOMY Lönnrotinkatu 4 B 00120 Helsinki Finland Tel. 358-9-609 900 ETLA Telefax 358-9-601 753 World Wide Web: http://www.etla.fi/ Keskusteluaiheita – Discussion papers No.
    [Show full text]
  • Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities European Country Cases and Debates Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Simo Mannila brought to you by CORE Vera Messing provided by Julkari Hans-Peter van den Broek Immigrants and Zsuzsanna Vidra Ethnic Minorities European Country Cases and Debates Hans-Peter van den Broek, Zsuzsanna Vidra Zsuzsanna den Broek, van Hans-Peter Messing, Vera Simo Mannila, Simo Mannila Vera Messing Hans-Peter van den Broek REPORT Zsuzsanna Vidra REPORT Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities European Country Cases and Debates Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities Ethnic and Immigrants The collection of articles gives basic information concerning immigrants and ethnic minorities in the European Union and discusses their situation by means of case studies from Spain, Finland (with comparisons to Sweden and Norway), Hungary, Slovakia and Romania. The articles have been written in the context of the Network of Excellence Reconciling Work and Welfare in Europe (RECWOWE), funded by the 6th Framework Programme (FP6), by Simo Mannila (National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland), Hans-Peter van der Broek (University of Oviedo, Spain) and Vera Messing and Zsuzsanna Vidra (Hungarian Academy of Sciences). .!7BC5<2"HIGMFE! Sale of publications www.thl.fi/kirjakauppa 41 Tel. +358 20 610 6161 ISBN 978-952-245-392-1 41 | 2010 2010 41 | 2010 Fax. +358 20 610 7450 © Authors and National Institute for Health and Welfare Layout: Christine Strid ISBN 978-952-245-392-1 (printed) ISSN 1798-0070 (printed) ISBN 978-952-245-393-8 (pdf) ISSN 1798-0089 (pdf) University Print Helsinki, Finland 2010 Abstract Simo Mannila, Vera Messing, Hans-Peter van den Broek, Zsuzsanna Vidra.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnic and Social Determinants of East-West Migratory Trends in the Baltic Sea Area Transition Economies
    87 Yearbook o f Population Research in Finland 34 (1997), pp. 87-101 Ethnic and Social Determinants of East-West Migratory Trends in the Baltic Sea Area Transition Economies J. ILARI KARPPI Research Director Department of Regional Studies and Environmental Policy University of Tampere Tampere, Finland h e i k k i r a n t a l a Research Associate Department of Regional Studies and Environmental Policy University of Tampere Tampere, Finland Abstract The article concentrates on social and ethnic background factors in the Baltic Sea area transition economies with special reference to Estonian-Russian relations in Estonia. The general framework of the study deals with the transition to a market economy and the effects this transition has on east-west migra­ tion. The data for the study was collected in 1996 from four major city regions in four transition countries, this article being based on findings from Tallinn and St. Petersburg. A specific aspect discussed here is the connection between ethnically-based relative deprivation and willingness to emigrate. Indeed, the Tallinn Russians with the most notable tendency towards deprivation do indicate the highest propensity to emi­ grate. However, as remarked in the final section, the connections between the willingness to emigrate and factors underlying it are far more complex. Keywords: international labor force mobility, ethnic segregation, relative deprivation, Tallinn, St. Petersburg The scope of the study In July 1997 the EC Commission outlined the future expansion of the European Union by Publishing a document known as Agenda 2000. In this document Estonia, together with the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovenia was included in the group of the first five European transition economies to start the process aiming at future full EU membership.
    [Show full text]