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MRC Network June/July 2009

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MRC Network June/July 2009 News from the Medical Research Council June / July 2009 MRC scientists join front line in global fight against flu outbreak page 2 Profile: The Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Edinburgh page 10 3 JUNE/JULY 2009 of different vaccines. This will be the crucial question in the coming weeks and constitutes ongoing work until the Update from CONTENTS MRC scientists join epidemic comes to an end.” the MRC Chief At a press conference held at NIMR on 1 May, Dr Hay Executive front line in global added: “Influenza viruses, such as the swine-like human 03 Update from the MRC Chief Executive influenza A (H1N1), can mutate rapidly. It’s therefore important that we monitor the characteristics of the virus April saw the Government fight against flu announce the budget 04 £7m investment to as it may spread around the globe. We need to monitor underpin genetics and for changes in its sensitivity to antiviral medicines and for 2009/10, and despite genomics research outbreak also see whether, like seasonal human influenza viruses, challenging economic circumstances the MRC 05 Boosting research to the virus changes such that the vaccine has to be updated. beat addiction We will be analysing the virus over the next few days and was delighted to hear that As fears of a global ’flu pandemic grabbed the the science budget ring-fence over the headlines in April and May, scientists at the MRC weeks but it will be some months before a vaccine 07 European Parliament is available.” spending period has been maintained. votes on animal research National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR) were working hard to analyse and monitor isolates of the In the meantime, the UK is well prepared should the We are confident this will allow us to honour all 08 Industry update existing grants and contracts from our generous virus, known as influenza A (H1N1), to help develop population start to become ill. The current indication 10 Profile: The Centre for is that the virus is susceptible to antiviral agents, and Comprehensive Spending Review settlement. This Cognitive Ageing and a vaccine. Network looks at their progress so far and the UK recently doubled its stockpile of the antiviral includes our new Strategic Plan for research over Cognitive Epidemiology, reviews how the story unfolded. agents oseltamivir (Tamiflu™) and zanamivir (Relenza™), the next five years, Research Changes Lives, launched Edinburgh following agreements signed earlier this year with Roche on 10 June. Influenza virus A (H1N1) originated in Mexico and began circulating in and GlaxoSmithKline. 16 Research roundup the human population in late April. As this article went to press there As well as launching a new strategy, the MRC is also Speaking in April as news of the influenza A (H1N1) looking to improve conditions for its employees. Last 20 MRC people were 15,510 cases worldwide in 53 countries. By 28 April, the virus had been characterised genetically by the US Centers for Disease Control outbreak emerged, Sir Leszek Borysiewicz said: “The UK year all MRC employees were asked to take part in and Prevention (CDC) from isolates in California and Texas. The virus Government has put plans in place earlier this year to a survey on pay, grading and careers. While overall was shown to be unusual because it had genes from swine influenza increase supplies of ’flu drugs, making the UK one of the scores were more positive than the UK national viruses, but it was not one that had been previously recognised. most prepared countries in the world. Research from benchmark on engagement, there was a negative NIMR published last year ensured stockpiles of both response to the issue of pay and reward. Clearly, we On 29 April, the World Health Organization (WHO) raised the currently available drugs were amassed.” need to change this if we are to continue to be the worldwide pandemic alert level to Phase 5 following human-to-human employer of choice for the best people. To ensure transmission of the virus in two countries within a WHO region. As the The UK’s total capacity is currently 33 million treatment our staff are rewarded for their dedication and news broke, isolates of the virus were being rushed across the Atlantic courses of the antiviral drugs – enough to provide commitment, we are reviewing pay structures and from the CDC to the WHO World Influenza Centre, housed at NIMR treatment for half of the UK population. developing a new performance management process. in North London. Experts at NIMR then joined forces with the world’s The World Influenza Centre at NIMR is one of a handful We have also been working with the trade unions leading influenza experts to begin to analyse the isolates, taken from of WHO Collaborating Centres for Reference and over ongoing discussions with the Government about nasal swabs from infected patients in the US and then grown in a culture Research on Influenza around the globe that are working pay arrangements, and should be able to give an dish. Their challenge is to try to understand the virus and to identify how together on monitoring and analysis work. The centre at update on progress this month. it changed over time and from one patient to another. NIMR is analysing further virus samples from patients in As you will have read on the preceding pages, MRC Working closely with colleagues at the Health Protection Agency to the UK and from countries around the world to keep the scientists at the NIMR are playing a key role in global coordinate their efforts, the scientists are now studying the virus in the virus under close surveillance. efforts to combat the influenza A (H1N1) virus safety of the NIMR’s High Containment Facility, which is designed to Speaking on 8 May, Dr John McCauley, influenza virologist which emerged in the human population in April. I’m contain such dangerous pathogens securely. They hope to figure out its at NIMR said: “So far there are no unexpected changes proud of their efforts and of the contribution they are structure and evolution, which will feed into development of a potential between the samples. Although we are seeing some making. Over the coming months they will continue influenza A (H1N1) vaccine. degree of diversity, it is of little significance. We know that to work with the WHO and the HPA to help identify Dr Alan Hay, who is leading efforts at NIMR to monitor any evolution in viruses can mutate rapidly and possibly become resistant how the virus is evolving and work out how it might the virus, explained: “Our expertise and facilities allow us to characterise to antivirals so we are eager to receive more samples and adapt as it spreads more widely. Regular updates will the virus, develop antiserum and compare different cases, looking continually monitor any changes in the H1N1 strain.” be posted on the MRC website. particularly at antigenic drift – that is monitoring changes in the virus Watch out for updates on the MRC website at that could have an impact on its susceptibility to drugs or the suitability Sir Leszek Borysiewicz www.mrc.ac.uk 5 £7m investment to underpin Boosting research genetics and genomics research to beat addiction Geneticists across the UK will soon have leading genetics research across Scotland and beyond, Long-term use of illegal psychotropic drugs, pertinent public health problem in the UK, and a improved access to cutting-edge equipment working with MRC researchers investigating issues such alcohol misuse and problems caused by special case in relation to Government strategies. The for DNA sequencing thanks to a £7 million as familial cancers, psychiatric disease and the genomics of hazardous gambling can have devastating alcohol research clusters will not necessarily focus on MRC investment to create three high- pathogens such as E. coli, C. difficile and malaria.” effects on families and individuals, especially alcoholism, but will investigate the effects of hazardous throughput sequencing (HTS) hubs in on young people. drinking and support interventions to reduce heavy Scotland, Northern England and Eastern alcohol consumption. England. To address these problems, the MRC and the Economic THe HubS in brief and Social Research Council (ESRC) recently launched an Decisions on which cluster bids to support will be The three hubs have been given funds to buy HTS Scotland initiative to fast-track research towards improving public made in June 2009. machines that will enable the UK to retain its world- GenePool, the Scottish next-generation genomics health in the area of addiction and substance misuse. leading standing in DNA research. They will also provide The new initiative is one aspect of a wider strategy facility – University of Edinburgh, University of Addiction researchers from across the UK have been on addiction research being developed as part of the MRC-funded technical support and bioinformatics Dundee, MRC Human Genetics Unit (Institute expertise that will allow academics to make the most invited to submit proposals to develop ‘research strategic coordination of health research in the UK. of Genetics and Molecular Medicine), University clusters’. These will comprise researchers from different In February, the MRC awarded eight grants under an of the equipment and expand the potential of these of Glasgow, University of Aberdeen, The Roslin resources. groups and institutions with excellent track records initial pilot call for addiction research proposals which Institute of the University of Edinburgh. in their own disciplines. The clusters must include was designed to kick-start research in the field by John Jeans, MRC Chief Operating Officer, said: “This • doubles local ability to deliver DNA sequencing scientists new to addiction research, to build capacity taking advantage of research infrastructure that already investment is key to retaining and enhancing the UK’s • will invest in technologists and bio-computing and expertise in the field.
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